CN113783390A - A permanent magnet reluctance motor with double stator non-uniform tooth structure - Google Patents
A permanent magnet reluctance motor with double stator non-uniform tooth structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113783390A CN113783390A CN202110891586.5A CN202110891586A CN113783390A CN 113783390 A CN113783390 A CN 113783390A CN 202110891586 A CN202110891586 A CN 202110891586A CN 113783390 A CN113783390 A CN 113783390A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
- H02K1/30—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures using intermediate parts, e.g. spiders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种双定子非均匀齿结构的永磁磁阻电机，属于电机领域，所述永磁磁阻电机包括：转轴、内定子、转子、外定子和多个永磁体；内定子设有多个交替均匀分布的第一齿和第二齿；第一齿上均缠绕有线圈通电时产生第一磁场；外定子设有多个交替均匀分布的第三齿和第四齿；第三齿上均缠绕有线圈通电时产生第三磁场；第三磁场与第一磁场方向相反；内定子中，永磁体用于产生第二磁场，第二磁场的方向与第一磁场的方向相同建立内气隙磁场；外定子中，永磁体用于产生第四磁场，第四磁场的方向与第三磁场的方向相同建立外气隙磁场。本发明利用电机内部的空间来产生转矩，且线圈绕在定子的大齿上，线圈端部很短且各相之间无交叠，绕组利用率高。
The invention discloses a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a double stator non-uniform tooth structure, belonging to the field of motors. The permanent magnet reluctance motor comprises: a rotating shaft, an inner stator, a rotor, an outer stator and a plurality of permanent magnets; There are a plurality of first and second teeth that are evenly distributed alternately; the first teeth are wound with coils that generate a first magnetic field when energized; the outer stator is provided with a plurality of third and fourth teeth that are evenly distributed alternately; A coil is wound around the teeth to generate a third magnetic field when energized; the direction of the third magnetic field is opposite to that of the first magnetic field; in the inner stator, the permanent magnet is used to generate the second magnetic field, and the direction of the second magnetic field is the same as that of the first magnetic field to establish an internal Air-gap magnetic field; in the outer stator, a permanent magnet is used to generate a fourth magnetic field, and the direction of the fourth magnetic field is the same as that of the third magnetic field to establish an outer air-gap magnetic field. The invention utilizes the space inside the motor to generate torque, and the coil is wound on the large teeth of the stator, the coil ends are very short, there is no overlap between phases, and the winding utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motors, and particularly relates to a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a double-stator non-uniform tooth structure.
Background
The stator and the rotor of the switched reluctance motor are of a double-salient structure, and the rotor has no winding, so that the switched reluctance motor has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high reliability, strong fault-tolerant capability, wide constant-power speed regulation range and the like. Switched reluctance motors have less power density than conventional permanent magnet motors. In order to improve the performance of the motor and obtain higher torque performance and power density, a block rotor structure or a hybrid excitation reluctance motor formed by adding permanent magnets is proposed.
At present, the whole-pitch winding block rotor switched reluctance motor researched internationally adopts the stator winding distributed in a full slot and the cylindrical block rotor structure, so that compared with the traditional doubly salient switched reluctance motor, the wind resistance is greatly reduced during high-speed operation, the iron core loss is obviously reduced due to the specific short magnetic circuit structure, and the motor performance is improved. However, each winding of the stator of the switched reluctance motor of the whole-pitch winding block rotor spans a plurality of stator teeth, the end parts of the windings of each phase are overlapped, the end parts of the windings are long, the utilization rate of the windings is reduced, and the axial length of the motor is increased.
The permanent magnet is generally added on the stator of the hybrid excitation reluctance motor, so that the average torque is increased, the copper consumption is reduced and the motor efficiency is improved on the premise of not influencing the reliability and the high-speed running performance of the motor. In the prior art, the motor stator sectional structure reduces the space utilization rate of the stator, increases the size of the motor and reduces the power density of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a double-stator non-uniform tooth structure, and aims to effectively improve the efficiency and power density of the motor and simultaneously avoid the problems of long winding end, low stator space utilization rate and the like.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet reluctance machine of a double-stator non-uniform tooth structure, comprising:
a rotating shaft;
the inner stator is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft and is provided with a plurality of first teeth and second teeth which are alternately and uniformly distributed, and the size of the first teeth is larger than that of the second teeth; each first tooth is wound with a coil, and the magnetic field polarities of first magnetic fields generated when the coils are electrified are the same;
the rotor is arranged on the outer side of the inner stator and comprises a non-magnetic-conduction bracket and a plurality of rotor iron core blocks; the rotor iron cores are uniformly distributed and embedded in the clamping grooves of the non-magnetic-conduction bracket in a blocking mode; the cross section of each rotor iron core block is in a sector shape with two mutually overlapped sectors;
the outer stator is arranged on the outer side of the rotor and is provided with a plurality of third teeth and fourth teeth which are alternately and uniformly distributed, and the size of the third teeth is larger than that of the fourth teeth; each third tooth is wound with a coil, and the magnetic field polarities of third magnetic fields generated when the coils are electrified are the same; the third magnetic field generated by the winding on each third tooth is opposite to the first magnetic field generated by the winding on each first tooth; the third tooth corresponds to the position of the first tooth on the circumference, and the fourth tooth corresponds to the position of the second tooth on the circumference;
the permanent magnets are arranged in the clamping grooves on one sides of the inner stator and the outer stator, which are close to the rotor; in the inner stator, the permanent magnets are used for generating a second magnetic field, the polarities of opposite surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets are the same, the magnetic field direction of the second magnetic field is the same as that of the first magnetic field in the rotor, and an inner air gap magnetic field is established together; in the outer stator, the permanent magnets are used for generating a fourth magnetic field, the polarities of the opposite faces of the adjacent permanent magnets are the same, the magnetic field direction of the fourth magnetic field is the same as that of the third magnetic field in the rotor, and an outer air gap magnetic field is established together.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a three-phase motor or a four-phase motor, the number of the rotor core segments is 5n, and n is a positive integer.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a three-phase motor, the stator teeth of the inner stator include: 3n of said first teeth and 3n of said second teeth; the stator teeth of the outer stator include: 3n of said third teeth and 3n of said fourth teeth; the coils at intervals of 360 DEG/n belong to the same phase, and the coils of the same phase can be connected in series or in parallel to form a symmetrical three-phase winding.
In one embodiment, when the axis of the first tooth of the inner stator is aligned with the axis of the rotor core segment opposite to the first tooth of the inner stator, the inductance of the corresponding winding on the tooth of the stator is minimum; and when the axis of the first tooth of the inner stator is aligned with the axis of the non-magnetic conductive part between the two adjacent rotor core blocks, the inductance of the corresponding winding on the stator tooth is the maximum.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance machine is a four-phase machine, the stator teeth of the stator comprise: 4n of said first teeth and 4n of said second teeth; the coils at intervals of 360 DEG/n belong to the same phase, and the coils of the same phase can be connected in series or in parallel to form a symmetrical four-phase winding.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a five-phase motor, the number of the rotor core segments is 6n or 8n, and n is a positive integer.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a five-phase motor, the stator teeth of the inner stator include: 5n of said first teeth and 5n of said second teeth; the stator teeth of the outer stator include: 5n of said third teeth and 5n of said fourth teeth; the coils at intervals of 360 DEG/n belong to the same phase, and the coils of the same phase can be connected in series or in parallel to form a symmetrical five-phase winding.
In one embodiment, the number of the permanent magnets is the sum of the number of the first teeth, the number of the second teeth, the number of the third teeth and the number of the fourth teeth.
In one embodiment, the rotor segment and the non-magnetic conductive bracket are matched to form a smooth cylindrical surface on one side close to the inner stator and the outer stator.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional motor with a single-stator structure, the motor with the double-stator structure can generate torque by fully utilizing the space inside the motor, and the torque density and the power density of the motor are improved; the direction of the magnetic field generated by the outer stator winding and the inner stator winding in the rotor is opposite, so that the minimum inductance of the motor is reduced, and the torque of the motor is further improved; the coil is directly wound on the large teeth of the stator, the end part of the winding is very short, the phases are not overlapped, and the utilization rate of the winding is improved; the magnetic field coupling degree between each phase is very small, the influence of mutual inductance on torque is reduced, and the reliability and fault tolerance are high; the permanent magnets are embedded in the stator notches, so that the average torque of the motor is improved, the efficiency and the power density of the motor are improved, and the cogging torque is not generated; in addition, the motor has no iron loss when in no-load operation, has small wind resistance of the rotor, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, flywheel energy storage, high-speed fans, high-speed centrifuges and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth configuration for a permanent magnet reluctance machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a magnetic force line distribution diagram of a phase a winding of a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a magnetic force line distribution diagram of a phase a winding of a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a magnetic force line distribution diagram of a three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure of a permanent magnet reluctance motor in an idle state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a static torque comparison diagram of a three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure permanent magnet reluctance motor and a permanent magnet reluctance motor without the permanent magnet reluctance motor under different ampere-turns in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a double-stator non-uniform tooth structure, which comprises:
a rotating shaft;
the inner stator is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft and is provided with a plurality of first teeth and second teeth which are alternately and uniformly distributed, and the size of the first teeth is larger than that of the second teeth; each first tooth is wound with a coil, and the magnetic field polarities of first magnetic fields generated when the coils are electrified are the same;
the rotor is arranged on the outer side of the inner stator and comprises a non-magnetic-conduction bracket and a plurality of rotor iron core blocks; the rotor iron cores are uniformly distributed and embedded in the clamping grooves of the non-magnetic-conductive bracket; each rotor iron core block section is in a sector shape with two mutually overlapped sectors;
the outer stator is arranged on the outer side of the rotor and is provided with a plurality of third teeth and fourth teeth which are alternately and uniformly distributed, and the size of the third teeth is larger than that of the fourth teeth; each third tooth is wound with a coil, and the magnetic field polarities of third magnetic fields generated when the coils are electrified are the same; the third magnetic field generated by the winding on each third tooth is opposite to the first magnetic field generated by the winding on each first tooth; the third tooth corresponds to the position of the first tooth on the circumference, and the fourth tooth corresponds to the position of the second tooth on the circumference;
the permanent magnets are arranged in the clamping grooves on one sides of the inner stator and the outer stator, which are close to the rotor; in the inner stator, the permanent magnets are used for generating a second magnetic field, the polarities of opposite surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets are the same, the magnetic field direction of the second magnetic field is the same as that of the first magnetic field in the rotor, and an inner air gap magnetic field is established together; in the outer stator, the permanent magnets are used for generating a fourth magnetic field, the polarities of the opposite surfaces of the adjacent permanent magnets are the same, the magnetic field direction of the fourth magnetic field is the same as that of the third magnetic field in the rotor, and an outer air gap magnetic field is established together.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a three-phase motor or a four-phase motor, the number of the rotor core segments is 5n, and n is a positive integer.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a three-phase motor, the stator teeth of the inner stator include: 3n first teeth and 3n second teeth; the stator tooth of outer stator includes: 3n third teeth and 3n fourth teeth; and each coil with the interval of 360 DEG/n belongs to the same phase, and the coils of the same phase can be connected in series or in parallel to form a symmetrical three-phase winding.
In one embodiment, when the axis of the first tooth of the inner stator is aligned with the axis of the rotor core segment opposite to the first tooth of the inner stator, the inductance of the corresponding winding on the stator tooth is minimum; when the axis of the first tooth of the inner stator is aligned with the axis of the non-magnetic conductive part between the two adjacent rotor core blocks, the inductance of the corresponding winding on the stator tooth is maximum.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance machine is a four-phase machine, the stator teeth of the stator comprise: 4n first teeth and 4n second teeth; and each coil with the interval of 360 DEG/n belongs to the same phase, and the coils of the same phase can be connected in series or in parallel to form a symmetrical four-phase winding.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a five-phase motor, the number of the rotor core segments is 6n or 8n, and n is a positive integer.
In one embodiment, when the permanent magnet reluctance motor is a five-phase motor, the stator teeth of the inner stator include: 5n first teeth and 5n second teeth; the stator tooth of outer stator includes: 5n third teeth and 5n fourth teeth; and coils at intervals of 360 DEG/n belong to the same phase, and the coils of the same phase can be connected in series or in parallel to form a symmetrical five-phase winding.
Fig. 1 is a schematic two-dimensional structure diagram of a permanent magnet reluctance motor with a three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is described by taking a three-phase 24/10-pole motor as an example, where 1 is an outer stator core, 2 is an inner stator core, 3 is a segmented rotor, 4 is a non-magnetic-conductive rotor support, 5 is a stator winding, 6 is a permanent magnet, and 7 is a rotating shaft. The motor rotor is composed of 10 rotor core blocks and is embedded into a non-magnetic-conductive rotor bracket, and the sections of the rotor core blocks are two mutually overlapped fan-shaped. The motor is two stator structure, and the inner stator is 12 with outer stator tooth number, all includes 6 big teeth and 6 toothlets, big tooth and the alternate evenly distributed of toothlet, and coil (stator winding) only twines on big tooth, and the effect of toothlet is the return path that acts as the magnetic flux. A permanent magnet is embedded in each of the inner stator slots and the outer stator slots, the N, S pole orientation of the permanent magnet being indicated in fig. 1. When current is introduced into the phase winding, the directions of magnetic flux linkages generated by the permanent magnet in the inner stator core (or in the outer stator core) and the winding on the large stator tooth are opposite, an air gap magnetic field is established together, and equivalently, a permanent magnet magnetic source is connected in parallel on the basis of excitation generated by the winding. The stator winding only spans 1 large tooth and a small tooth, all conductors in each stator slot only belong to one-phase winding, and the windings A1, A2, A3, A4 and B1, B2, B3, B4 and C1, C2, C3 and C4 are respectively connected in series or in parallel to form one phase to form a three-phase winding.
When the axis of the first tooth of the inner stator (i.e. the axis of the third tooth of the outer stator) is aligned with the axis of the rotor core segment which is opposite to the first tooth of the inner stator, the self-inductance of the corresponding stator winding on the stator tooth is minimum, and the magnetic line distribution diagram when the self-inductance of the winding of phase a (the winding at the corresponding position of a1, a2, A3 and a4 in fig. 1) on the stator tooth of the permanent magnet reluctance motor with the three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure is minimum is shown in fig. 2; when the axis of the first tooth of the inner stator (i.e. the axis of the third tooth of the outer stator) is aligned with the axis of the non-magnetic conducting part between the two adjacent rotor core segments, the self-inductance of the corresponding stator winding on the stator tooth is the largest, and the magnetic line distribution diagram when the self-inductance of the phase a winding (the winding at the corresponding position of a1, a2, A3 and a4 in fig. 1) on the stator tooth of the permanent magnet reluctance motor with the three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure is the largest is shown in fig. 3. The direction of the magnetic field generated by the outer stator winding and the inner stator winding in the rotor is opposite, so that the minimum inductance of the motor is reduced, and the torque of the motor is further improved. The windings of each phase are connected through an external circuit, current is conducted during the self-inductance rising period of the windings of each phase, magnetic flux passes through two adjacent stator teeth and a stator yoke between the two adjacent stator teeth, penetrates through an air gap between the stator and the rotor and enters the rotor assembly to form a closed loop, the magnetomotive force of the motor is the sum of the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet and the magnetomotive force generated by electric excitation, and the windings of the internal stator and the external stator both contribute to the torque of the motor, so that the output torque of the motor is increased. The magnetic force line distribution diagram of the permanent magnet reluctance motor with the three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure in the no-load state is shown in figure 4. The static torque comparison graph of the three-phase 24/10-pole double-stator non-uniform tooth structure permanent magnet reluctance motor and the non-permanent magnet reluctance motor under different ampere turns is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the larger the current introduced into the winding, the more significantly the permanent magnet promotes the motor torque. When the motor is in no-load, the motor magnetomotive force is generated by the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux forms a closed loop through the stator and the permanent magnet and does not pass through the rotor, and therefore the motor does not generate cogging torque and iron loss when in no-load.
In one embodiment, the number of permanent magnets is the sum of the number of first teeth, the number of second teeth, the number of third teeth, and the number of fourth teeth.
In one embodiment, the rotor segments cooperate with the non-magnetically permeable support to form a smooth cylindrical surface adjacent the inner stator and the outer stator.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110891586.5A CN113783390B (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | A permanent magnet reluctance motor with double stator non-uniform tooth structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110891586.5A CN113783390B (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | A permanent magnet reluctance motor with double stator non-uniform tooth structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113783390A true CN113783390A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
| CN113783390B CN113783390B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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| CN202110891586.5A Expired - Fee Related CN113783390B (en) | 2021-08-04 | 2021-08-04 | A permanent magnet reluctance motor with double stator non-uniform tooth structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114157057A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-08 | 威灵（芜湖）电机制造有限公司 | Stator structure, motor and electrical equipment |
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| US20130093275A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-04-18 | Amotech Co., Ltd. | Double-stator/double-rotor type motor and direct drive apparatus for washer using same |
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| CN107959367A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-24 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of bimorph transducer composite excitation eddy current damping device |
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2021
- 2021-08-04 CN CN202110891586.5A patent/CN113783390B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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| US20130093275A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-04-18 | Amotech Co., Ltd. | Double-stator/double-rotor type motor and direct drive apparatus for washer using same |
| WO2013047076A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-04 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Rotating electric machine |
| CN107959367A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-24 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of bimorph transducer composite excitation eddy current damping device |
| CN107222075A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of bimorph transducer mixed excitation electric machine with T-shaped inner stator unshakable in one's determination |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114157057A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-08 | 威灵（芜湖）电机制造有限公司 | Stator structure, motor and electrical equipment |
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