CN113777794B - Perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling - Google Patents
Perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN113777794B CN113777794B CN202110996178.6A CN202110996178A CN113777794B CN 113777794 B CN113777794 B CN 113777794B CN 202110996178 A CN202110996178 A CN 202110996178A CN 113777794 B CN113777794 B CN 113777794B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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Abstract
The invention provides a perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling, which consists of a ceramic disc and a central air hole, wherein the rotation axes of the ceramic disc and the central air hole are coincident, and the central air hole cannot penetrate the ceramic disc, so that the magneto-electric coupling of a structure is realized, incident light is linear polarization plane light, and the propagation direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure; the polarization direction of the linear polarization plane light is parallel or perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure. The invention adopts ceramic material as basic material, and has the advantage of low cost; planar light incidence simplifies the complex light source device for realizing perfect circular polarization separation in the past; the magnetoelectric coupling characteristic of the ceramic disc and the central air hole composite structure is beneficial to exciting a longitudinal dipole mode which is difficult to excite by a general structure, so that a transverse spin dipole moment is constructed, and perfect separation of left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization can be effectively realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an orthogonal circular polarization state separation device for an input optical signal, in particular to a perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling, which is mainly used for carrying out transverse symmetrical separation and output on the input optical signal according to left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization states in a scattering far field.
Background
Light can be decomposed into two orthogonal left-handed and right-handed circular polarization states. Perfect circular polarization separation refers to the phenomenon of laterally symmetric separation of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light. The perfect circular polarization separation realized by the prior single-structure device needs to rely on a focused light beam, and the principle is that a longitudinal dipole mode of a structure is excited by the focused light beam, so that a transverse spin electric dipole moment is constructed. However, this method is difficult to implement and is not universal.
In recent years, magneto-electric coupling structures have attracted attention by virtue of their unique physical properties. Magneto-electric coupling is the cross-coupling between an electromagnetic field and an electromagnetic dipole moment, i.e. the coupling of an electric field to a magnetic dipole moment and the coupling of a magnetic field to an electric dipole moment. The magneto-electric coupling characteristic of the structure can provide an extra degree of freedom for scattering far field regulation and control, and different types of dipoles can be effectively excited.
Therefore, the structure magneto-electric coupling is utilized to excite a proper longitudinal dipole mode and a transverse dipole mode, and the construction of transverse spin dipole moment to realize perfect circular polarization separation is a feasible scheme and has the advantages of simplicity and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the perfect circular polarization separation realized by most single structures depends on focused light beams and surface waves and the realization method is complex at present, and provides a novel perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling. By changing the frequency, polarization state and structural parameters of incidence of linear polarization plane light, the adjustment of the magneto-electric coupling characteristics of the structure can be realized. Through reasonably adjusting the magneto-electric coupling characteristic of the structure, the transverse spin dipole moment is constructed, the defect of high difficulty in realizing perfect circular polarization separation of a single structure can be overcome, and different types of transverse spin dipole moments can be effectively constructed, so that simple and efficient transverse symmetrical separation of left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling is composed of a ceramic disc and a central air hole, and the rotation axes of the ceramic disc and the central air hole are coincident. The central air hole cannot penetrate the ceramic disc, so that the magneto-electric coupling of the structure is realized. The incident light is linear polarized planar light, and the propagation direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure.
In two embodiments of the invention, the radius of the ceramic disc is 15mm;
In two embodiments of the invention, the height of the ceramic disc is 12mm;
in two embodiments of the present invention, the radius of the central air hole is 4.5mm;
in two embodiments of the present invention, the height of the central air hole is 9.4mm;
In embodiment 1 of the present invention, the polarization direction of the linear polarization plane light is parallel to the rotation axis of the structure.
In embodiment 2 of the present invention, the polarization direction of the linear polarization plane light is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention adopts ceramic material as basic material, and has the advantage of low cost; planar light incidence simplifies the complex light source device for realizing perfect circular polarization separation in the past; the magnetoelectric coupling characteristic of the ceramic disc and the central air hole composite structure is beneficial to exciting a longitudinal dipole mode which is difficult to excite by a general structure, so that a transverse spin dipole moment is constructed, and perfect separation of left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization can be effectively realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic structural diagram of sub-wavelength in two embodiments, and FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic diagram of perfect circular polarization separation in a scattering far field;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the angle of incidence with the far field polarization of the magneto-electric coupling structure and the non-magneto-electric coupling structure according to two embodiments of the present invention, wherein (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the magneto-electric coupling structure and the non-magneto-electric coupling structure, and (c) and (d) are graphs of the angle of incidence with the far field polarization of the magneto-electric coupling structure and the non-magneto-electric coupling structure;
FIG. 3 is a plot of the polarization tensor of the magneto-electric coupling structure and the far-field average Stokes polarization parameter S 3 as a function of structure size and incident light frequency in two embodiments of the present invention, where (a) and (b) are plots of the polarization tensor of the magneto-electric coupling structure as a function of structure size and incident light frequency, and (c) and (d) are plots of the far-field average Stokes polarization parameter S 3 as a function of structure size and incident light frequency;
FIG. 4 is a plot of scattered far field polarization and intensity profile for perfect circular polarization separation in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is the far field polarization profile and (b) is the far field intensity profile for the x-y plane and the x-z plane;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the far field polarization of a magneto-electric coupling structure versus a non-magneto-electric coupling structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) and (b) are polarization singularities profiles for a magneto-electric coupling structure far field x >0 hemisphere and x <0 hemisphere, and (c) and (d) are polarization singularities profiles for a non-magneto-electric coupling structure far field x >0 hemisphere and x <0 hemisphere;
FIG. 6 shows the scattered far field polarization and intensity profile of a perfect circular polarization separation in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is the far field polarization profile and (b) is the far field intensity profile of the x-y plane and the x-z plane.
Detailed Description
An example of a circularly polarized separator based on magneto-electric coupling is further described below. The methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are available from published commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A structural schematic diagram of the air hole ceramic disc circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling is shown in fig. 1 (a), the air hole ceramic disc based on magneto-electric coupling consists of a central air hole and a ceramic disc, and the polarization direction of incident ray polarized plane light is parallel to the rotation axis of the structure. FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic diagram of perfect circular polarization separation of the scattering far field, where the transverse spin dipole moment of the structure is excited. The average Stokes polarization parameter S 3 of the scattering hemisphere can be obtained through theoretical calculation by utilizing a dipole model, and the polarization separation effect of the scattering far field is measured.
Fig. 2 (a) depicts a schematic diagram of a linearly polarized light incident magneto-electric coupled circular polarization separator, with an angle β between the incident light and the z-axis. The radius R 0 and the height H 0 of the ceramic disk are respectively 15mm and 12mm, the radius R 0 and the height H 0 of the central air hole are respectively 4.5mm and 9.4mm, and the incident light frequency is 2.55GHz. As the propagation direction of the incident linearly polarized light changes, the polarization separation effect of the structure scattering far field changes, and the change relationship is shown in fig. 2 (c). The polarization separation effect of the scattered far field is represented by the average stokes polarization parameter S 3 of the scattering hemisphere. It can be seen from fig. 2 (c) that the effect of polarization separation is strongest when the angle of incidence is 90 °, i.e. the direction of incidence is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the structure. Fig. 2 (b) depicts a schematic diagram of a linearly polarized light incident non-magneto-electric coupling structure, with an angle β between the incident light and the z-axis. The non-magneto-electric coupling structure is composed of a solid ceramic disc, the radius R 0 and the height H 0 of the ceramic disc are respectively 15mm and 12mm, and the incident light frequency is 2.55GHz. Fig. 2 (d) shows a graph of the scattering far-field polarization separation of a ceramic disk as a function of angle of incidence. The ceramic cylinder does not have magneto-electric coupling characteristics, and has a very weak polarization separation effect compared with a structure having magneto-electric coupling characteristics, and the average polarization state of the scattering hemisphere changes along with the incident angle according to the law of cosine function.
When the propagation direction of the incident linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure, the polarization tensor of the magneto-electric coupling structure changes along with the change of the size of the structure and the frequency of the incident light, and the change relationship is shown in fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), wherein,Is the tensor of electric polarization in x-direction and y-direction,/>Is the electric susceptibility tensor in the z direction,/>Is the magnetic polarization rate tensor in the x-direction and y-direction,/>Is the magnetic polarization tensor in the z-direction, and γ represents the magneto-electric coupling polarization tensor. Fig. 3 (c) and 3 (d) are graphs of average stokes polarization S 3 of laterally opposite hemispheres as a function of structural size and frequency of incident light, with the dashed line representing theoretical calculations and the solid line representing simulation results. The average stokes polarization parameter S 3 describes the polarization state of the scattered far field. The radius and the height of the ceramic disc are respectively 15mm and 12mm, the radius and the height of the central air hole are respectively 4.5mm and 9.4mm, and when the frequency of incident light is 2.55GHz, the average Stokes polarization parameters of the transverse opposite hemispheres of the scattering far field reach the maximum value, so that the maximum polarization separation is obtained.
The polarization distribution of the scattered far field at the maximum polarization separation in the example is shown in fig. 4 (a), where the left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light are perfectly polarization separated. The reason for achieving perfect polarization separation in this example is that transverse spin electric dipole moments are constructed. Unlike the conventional principle of constructing the transverse spin electric dipole moment, the transverse spin electric dipole moment can be constructed by a simple incident light source only from the magneto-electric coupling characteristic of the structure. At this time, the intensity distribution of the scattering far field in the x-y plane and the x-z plane is as shown in fig. 4 (b), and perfect polarization separation is accompanied by the intensity distribution of the scattering far field in the lateral direction.
The perfect circular polarization state separation is accompanied by a shift in polarization singularities, and fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show polarization singularities profiles of the x >0 hemisphere and the x <0 hemisphere of the magneto-electric coupling polarization separator in this example, where the color represents the phase of e·e, where E represents the electric field that scatters the far field. The white line segments in the figure represent the long axes of the ellipsoids from which the location of the polarization singularities can be determined. The rotating arrow in the figure is the direction of the phase gradient, and is used to describe the positive and negative of the phase topology index, the counterclockwise rotation indicates that the topology charge is positive, and the clockwise rotation indicates that the topology charge is negative. It can be seen that the signs of the phase topology indexes of the polarization singularities are the same in the same hemisphere and the polarization topology indexes are the same 1/2, indicating that the polarization properties of the polarization singularities in the same hemisphere are the same when perfect circular polarization separation is achieved.
Fig. 5 (c) and 5 (d) show polarization singular point profiles of a ceramic disk scattering far field x >0 hemisphere and x <0 hemisphere without magneto-electric coupling characteristics, where the color represents the phase of e·e, where E represents the electric field of the scattering far field. The white line segments in the figure represent the long axes of the ellipsoids from which the location of the polarization singularities can be determined. The rotating arrow in the figure is the direction of the phase gradient, and is used to describe the positive and negative of the phase topology index, the counterclockwise rotation indicates that the topology charge is positive, and the clockwise rotation indicates that the topology charge is negative. It can be seen that the phase topology indexes of polarization singularities in the same hemisphere are opposite in sign, the polarization topology indexes are the same as 1/2, indicating that the polarization properties of the polarization singularities in the same hemisphere are opposite without perfect polarization separation.
Example two
Unlike the first embodiment, the polarization direction of the incident linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure, which aims to excite the transverse spin magnetic dipole moment to achieve perfect circular polarization state separation. Methods that generally achieve perfect circular polarization state separation can only be initiated by constructing transverse spin electric dipole moments. The magneto-electric coupling characteristic of the structure in the scheme enables the principle of realizing perfect circular polarization separation to be more diversified.
The polarization profile of the scattered far field when the polarization direction of the incident linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure in the example is shown in fig. 6 (a), at which the transverse spin magnetic dipole moment is excited. The intensity distribution of the scattered far field in the x-y plane and the x-z plane is shown in fig. 6 (b), and perfect polarization separation is accompanied by an intensity distribution of the scattered far field laterally.
Claims (5)
1. A perfect circular polarization separator based on magnetoelectric coupling is characterized by adopting a magnetoelectric coupling structure, wherein the magnetoelectric coupling structure consists of a ceramic disc and a central air hole, the rotation axes of the ceramic disc and the central air hole are coincident, the central air hole cannot penetrate through the ceramic disc, the magnetoelectric coupling of the structure is realized, incident light is linear polarization plane light, and the propagation direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure; the polarization direction of the linear polarization plane light is parallel or perpendicular to the rotation axis of the structure, and a longitudinal dipole mode and a transverse dipole mode are excited to construct transverse spin dipole moment.
2. A perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radius of the ceramic disc is 15mm.
3. A perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the ceramic disc is 12mm.
4. A perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radius of the central air hole is 4.5mm.
5. A perfect circular polarization separator based on magneto-electric coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the central air hole is 9.4mm.
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