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CN113773896B - 一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113773896B
CN113773896B CN202111119272.XA CN202111119272A CN113773896B CN 113773896 B CN113773896 B CN 113773896B CN 202111119272 A CN202111119272 A CN 202111119272A CN 113773896 B CN113773896 B CN 113773896B
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extreme pressure
turbine oil
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complexing agent
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CN113773896A (zh
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刘晓东
万荫松
何仁仪
徐坤
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Xinxiang Richful Lube Additive Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法，极压型汽轮机油复合剂，包含如下组分：抗氧剂、防锈剂、极压抗磨剂、金属减活剂、破乳剂和基础油，所述防锈剂包括十二烯基丁二酸半酯、二壬基萘磺酸胺、烯基咪唑啉丁二酸盐中的至少一种。本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂调配的汽轮机油具有较低的酸值，能够改善油品质量，提高设备运行寿命；具有更好的抗磨性能，可以适应高负荷的汽轮机油组设备；具有更好的抗氧化性能，延长换油周期；具有优异的过滤性能，满足高精密汽轮机组设备的正常运行。

Description

一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽轮机油技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽轮机组主要包括蒸汽轮机和燃气轮机，都是以汽轮机油为工作介质，传递压力、参与调速系统工作。而且在汽轮机的滑动轴承中，汽轮机油对轴径和轴瓦进行润滑，起到减轻摩擦、降低磨损的作用。此外，汽轮机油还具有冷却、清洗、防腐以及密封的作用。目前广泛应用于电厂的蒸汽轮机、燃气轮机、水轮机及大中型船舶汽轮机、工业燃气轮机、涡轮压缩机、涡轮冷冻机、涡轮鼓风机、涡轮泵等转动设备的润滑。随着汽轮机技术不断更新，汽轮机机组容量和参数的提高，汽轮机油需要更好的氧化安定性、更小的油泥与漆膜生成趋势以及更好的防锈性能和过滤性能，同时需要优异的抗磨性能来减少轴承的磨损。目前汽轮机油产品普遍存在抗氧性能一般、油品酸值较高、抗磨性较差、过滤性能较差等问题
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法，解决了现有技术中汽轮机油产品存在抗氧性能一般、油品酸值较高、抗磨性较差、过滤性能较差的问题。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂，包含如下组分：抗氧剂、防锈剂、极压抗磨剂、金属减活剂、破乳剂和基础油，所述防锈剂包括十二烯基丁二酸半酯、二壬基萘磺酸胺、烯基咪唑啉丁二酸盐中的至少一种。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，所述抗氧剂包括丁,辛基二苯胺、二壬基二苯胺、N-苯基-α萘胺、2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸异辛酯、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯中的至少一种。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，所述极压抗磨剂包括亚磷酸二正丁酯、磷酸三甲酚酯、硫代磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物、磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物中的至少一种。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，所述金属减活剂包括苯三唑衍生物、噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种；
所述破乳剂为胺与环氧乙烷缩聚物；
所述基础油为中性基础油。
其中，中性基础油包括但不限于150N、150SN中的至少一种。其中，N是指中性油粘度等级以37.8℃(100℉)的赛氏粘度(秒)表示的，如150N、100N、500N。SN是指石蜡基中性油，其粘度以40℃的运动粘度划分。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，包含的各组分的质量百分比为：抗氧剂50-70份，防锈剂6-10份，极压抗磨剂10-20份，金属减活剂6-10份，破乳剂1-3份，基础油1-15份。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，所述防锈剂包括二壬基萘磺酸胺和烯基咪唑啉丁二酸盐。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，所述抗氧剂包括二壬基二苯胺、β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸异辛酯、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯中的至少两种。
在本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂中，所述极压抗磨剂包括磷酸三甲酚酯、硫代磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物和磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物。
本发明还提供了上述任一所述的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的制备方法，包括：
S1、在容器内加入抗氧剂；
S2、在边搅拌边升温的条件下，依次加入防锈剂、基础油、金属减活剂、极压抗磨剂、破乳剂；
S3、保持升温的温度继续搅拌混合均匀得到极压型汽轮机油复合剂。
在本发明的制备方法中，在步骤S2中，升温至50-65℃；在步骤S3中，保持50-65℃继续搅拌2-3小时；
在步骤S3之后还包括步骤S4：将混合均匀的极压型汽轮机油复合剂进行过滤。
实施本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法，具有以下有益效果：本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂调配的汽轮机油具有较低的酸值，能够改善油品质量，提高设备运行寿命；具有更好的抗磨性能，可以适应高负荷的汽轮机油组设备；具有更好的抗氧化性能，延长换油周期；具有优异的过滤性能，满足高精密汽轮机组设备的正常运行。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的极压型汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法作进一步说明：
将以下实施例的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的组分调配46#汽轮机油，按照GB 11120-2011中酸值、抗磨性能、抗氧化性能、防锈性能、过滤性进行对比评价；调油配方(质量百分比)为：极压型汽轮机油复合剂0.4％、台塑Ⅱ类150N基础油59.8％、台塑Ⅱ类500N基础油39.8％，另外需外加甲基丙烯酸酯类抗泡剂40ppm。
表1：实施例1-11的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的组分配比(以100份总质量计)
Figure BDA0003271220760000041
Figure BDA0003271220760000051
表2：防锈实验数据
样品名 防锈效果
实施例1 无锈
实施例2 无锈
实施例3 无锈
实施例4 无锈
实施例5 无锈
实施例6 无锈
实施例7 无锈
实施例8 无锈
实施例9 无锈
实施例10 严重锈蚀
实施例11 无锈
通过表2数据可以看出，实施例10中防锈剂低于6％时，防锈性能明显下降；当防锈剂高于10％时，防锈性能很优异，表明防锈剂含量大于6％时具有优异的防锈效果。
表3：酸值检测结果(根据GB/T 4945—石油产品和润滑剂酸值和碱值测定法对样品进行酸值检测)
Figure BDA0003271220760000052
Figure BDA0003271220760000061
通过表3数据可知，酸值均远低于标准，其中实施例4、8、9、10、11的酸值较低，说明防锈剂二壬基萘磺酸胺和烯基咪唑啉丁二酸盐的组合可以减小复合剂酸值。同时，油品酸值0.05mgKOH/g远小于国内外汽轮机油酸值，有效的提高了油品质量。
表4：过滤性能对比(按照SH/T 0805—润滑油过滤性测定法，对样品进行过滤性试验，GB 11120要求干法过滤性不小于85，湿法过滤性不小于50)
样品名 干法 湿法
实施例1 88 71
实施例2 87 80
实施例3 88 68
实施例4 92 92
实施例5 87 70
实施例6 88 71
实施例7 87 76
实施例8 90 88
实施例9 92 91
实施例10 90 87
实施例11 91 90
通过表4数据可知，汽轮机油的过滤性能可能与防锈剂抗水解性能有关，每个实施例中的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的过滤性能都较佳，其中实施例4、8、9、10、11使用防锈剂二壬基萘磺酸胺和烯基咪唑啉丁二酸盐组合，其过滤性能最好，湿法过滤性都在85以上，说明这两个防锈剂复配能够明显提高油品的过滤性能。
表5：实施例12-21的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的组分配比(以100份总质量计)
Figure BDA0003271220760000071
Figure BDA0003271220760000081
表6：抗磨性能对比(根据SH/T 0189—润滑油抗磨损性能测定法(四球机法)对样品进行抗磨性评价(实验条件为：392N、75℃、1200r/min、60min)，实验结果为磨斑直径，数值越小抗磨性能越优异，根据GB/T 3142—润滑剂承载能力的测定(四球机法)，测定样品的最大无卡咬负荷，结果为PB(kg)，其数值越大抗磨性能越好)
样品名 磨斑直径，mm P<sub>B</sub>，kg
实施例12 0.395 88
实施例13 0.425 82
实施例14 0.480 71
实施例15 0.501 76
实施例16 0.345 100
实施例17 0.401 82
实施例18 0.485 76
实施例19 0.472 76
实施例20 0.312 107
实施例21 0.372 94
由表6数据可知，实施例16、20、21使用磷酸三甲酚酯、硫代磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物、磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物抗磨剂组合具有优异的抗磨性能。
表7：实施例22-29的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的组分配比(以100份总质量计)
Figure BDA0003271220760000082
Figure BDA0003271220760000091
表8：抗氧性能对比(分别按照SH/T 0193—润滑油氧化安定性的测定旋转氧弹法测试样品的氧化诱导期)
Figure BDA0003271220760000092
Figure BDA0003271220760000101
通过表8数据可知，实施例22、实施例23使用单一的抗氧剂，抗氧性能很差；实施例24使用二壬基二苯胺和β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸异辛酯复配，旋转氧弹时间明显提高，说明这两种抗氧剂复配有较好的协同作用；实施例25使用的二壬基二苯胺、β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸异辛酯和二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯复配，旋转氧弹时间比实施例24又有明显提高，说明这三个抗氧剂之间有明显的协同作用。实施例26降低了总抗氧剂含量10％，旋转氧弹时间有所降低，实施例27提高了总抗氧剂含量10％，旋转氧弹时间几乎无增加，表明在一定范围内提高抗氧剂总量能够提高抗氧性能，抗氧剂过量时抗氧性能提高不明显。实施例28和29进一步表明二壬基二苯胺和β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸异辛酯以及二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯复配效果最好，换成其它抗氧剂如丁,辛基二苯胺、N-苯基-α萘胺都没有上述三者复配效果佳。
需要说明的是，实施例1-29的制备方法如下：向容器中加入抗氧剂，边搅拌边升温至50-65℃，同时依次加入防锈剂、基础油、金属减活剂、极压抗磨剂、破乳剂；保持50-65℃，搅拌2-3小时，经过滤得到各实施例的汽轮机油复合剂产品。
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进或变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种极压型汽轮机油复合剂，其特征在于，包含的如下的组分：抗氧剂50-70份，防锈剂6-10份，极压抗磨剂10-20份，金属减活剂6-10份，破乳剂1-3份，基础油1-15份，所述防锈剂由二壬基萘磺酸胺和烯基咪唑啉丁二酸盐组成，所述抗氧剂由二壬基二苯胺、β-（3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸异辛酯、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯组成，所述极压抗磨剂由磷酸三甲酚酯、硫代磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物和磷酸酯及其胺盐衍生物组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的极压型汽轮机油复合剂，其特征在于，所述金属减活剂包括苯三唑衍生物、噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种；
所述破乳剂为胺与环氧乙烷缩聚物；
所述基础油为中性基础油。
3.一种权利要求1-2任一所述的极压型汽轮机油复合剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
S1、在容器内加入抗氧剂；
S2、在边搅拌边升温的条件下，依次加入防锈剂、基础油、金属减活剂、极压抗磨剂、破乳剂；
S3、保持升温的温度继续搅拌混合均匀得到极压型汽轮机油复合剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤S2中，升温至50-65℃；在步骤S3中，保持50-65℃继续搅拌2-3小时；
在步骤S3之后还包括步骤S4：将混合均匀的极压型汽轮机油复合剂进行过滤。
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