CN113769718A - 一种吸附干燥剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种吸附干燥剂及其制备方法，按照重量份数范围称取配料组分，将凹凸棒石提纯粉末、活性炭、石墨粉、硅胶粉及纤维素纤维进行干法混料，制得混合粉末；在水中添加粘合剂均匀搅拌，经升温加热得到粘稠状的粘合剂；将混合粉末与粘稠状的粘合剂搅拌混合，再添加活性剂、除臭杀菌剂搅拌，制得凹凸棒石基泥团，进行挤压造粒成球，经热处理制得吸附干燥剂，解决吸附干燥剂吸水较高时容易发生吐水，产生细菌的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸附干燥剂及其制备方法，属于干燥剂制备方面的技术领域。
背景技术
干燥剂是指能除去潮湿物质中水分的物质，干燥剂的使用，是为了要避免多余的水分造成不良品的发生，适用于防止仪器，仪表，电器设备，药品，食品，纺织品及其他各种包装物品受潮，在海运途中干燥剂也有广泛的应用，因为货物在运输过程中常因温度大而受潮变质，用干燥剂可有效的去湿防潮，使货物的质量得到保障。
产品的良率与湿气的管控息息相关，以食品而言，在适当的温度和湿度下，食物中的细菌和霉菌便会以惊人的速度繁殖，使食物腐坏，造成受潮及色变。电子产品也会因湿度过高造成金属氧化，产生不良品。
常用的矿物吸附干燥剂主要有蒙脱石类、膨润土类以及凹凸棒石类吸附干燥剂，蒙脱石吸附干燥剂外观为破碎状，易粉化，吸湿后膨胀，凹凸棒石吸附干燥剂吸湿率较低，一般静态水吸附小于 20％，且市面上常规吸附干燥剂多添加氯化钙，吸水较高时容易发生吐水现象，易产生细菌，污染环境。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种吸附干燥剂及其制备方法，提高干燥剂的吸附性能，解决吸附干燥剂吸水较高时容易发生吐水现象，及产生细菌的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，本发明提供一种吸附干燥剂，包括以下重量份数的原料组成：凹凸棒石提纯粉末50-60份、石墨粉3-5份，活性炭10-20份、硅胶粉5-10份、纤维素纤维2-5份、活性剂2-3份，粘合剂5-10份，除臭杀菌剂1-3份，水15-20份。
结合第一方面，进一步的，所述纤维素纤维包括植物纤维，采购自常州市耀邦摩擦材料厂生产的植物纤维，在本发明中用于增强干燥剂的孔洞效果，提高吸湿率。
进一步的，所述活性剂包括聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚型非离子型表面活性剂。
进一步的，所述除臭杀菌剂包括B80型蓖麻油酸锌脂。
进一步的，所述粘合剂包括红薯淀粉。
第二方面，本发明提供一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按照重量份数称取凹凸棒石提纯粉末、石墨粉、活性炭、硅胶粉、纤维素纤维、活性剂、粘合剂、除臭杀菌剂及水；
将凹凸棒石提纯粉末、活性炭、石墨粉、硅胶粉及纤维素纤维进行干法混料，制得混合粉末；
在水中添加粘合剂均匀搅拌，经升温加热得到粘稠状的粘合剂；
将混合粉末与粘稠状的粘合剂搅拌混合，再添加活性剂、除臭杀菌剂搅拌，制得凹凸棒石基泥团；
将凹凸棒石基泥团进行挤压造粒成球，经热处理制得吸附干燥剂。
结合第二方面，进一步的，所述搅拌采用十字搅刀搅拌器进行搅拌，搅拌速度为500～1000转/分，搅拌时间为30～60分钟。
进一步的，所述热处理的条件为200～250℃温度范围内，保持20～30min。
进一步的，所述凹凸棒石提纯粉末的制备包括如下步骤：
向凹凸棒石放入蒸馏水搅拌，再加入草酸，草酸钠处理液，80～100℃中搅拌1～3小时，得到凹凸棒石悬浮液；
向凹凸棒石悬浮液中加入环氧基聚硅氧烷和六偏磷酸钠，再滴加碱性溶液调整悬浮液的pH值为6～8，搅拌2～4小时后静止至少10h，分离出固体烘干，制得凹凸棒石提纯粉末。
进一步的，对于100-120g凹凸棒石，需要蒸馏水800-1000ml，草酸10-15g，草酸钠处理液20-25g，环氧基聚硅氧烷8-10g，六偏磷酸钠10-15g。
与现有技术相比，本发明所达到的有益效果：
本发明提供的一种凹凸棒石提纯粉末制备方法，对凹凸棒石进行处理，通过吸附有机高分子化合物提高其活性，获得良好吸水性能和杀菌特性的凹凸棒石提纯粉末；
本发明提供一种无氯吸附干燥剂的制备方法，将凹凸棒石提纯粉末与石墨份、活性炭、硅胶粉等进行混合制备吸附干燥剂，进一步提高吸水性；
通过添加除臭杀菌剂，使得吸附干燥剂在吸水后仍然具有很强的杀菌除味效果，有效防止吸附干燥剂吸水后滋生细菌，提高杀菌率；
本发明提供一种无氯吸附干燥剂的制备方法，工艺简单，可实现工业化生产，制得的吸附干燥剂可快速降解，无环境污染，使用后经太阳晒或烘干可重复使用。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
一种吸附干燥剂，原料包括：
凹凸棒石提纯粉末50-60份、石墨粉3-5份，活性炭10-20份、硅胶粉5-10份、纤维素纤维2-5份、活性剂2-3份，粘合剂5-10份，除臭杀菌剂1-3份，水15-20份。
具体制备工艺如下：
步骤1:将凹凸棒石提纯粉末、活性炭、石墨粉、硅胶粉及纤维素纤维放在容器中进行干法混料，制得混合粉末；
步骤2:在水中添加粘合剂均匀搅拌，然后升温至60～70℃加热10-20min得到粘稠状粘合剂；
步骤3:将混合粉末与粘稠状粘合剂混合，再添加活性剂、除臭杀菌剂进行搅拌处理，15～30转/分，至少搅拌30分钟，制得凹凸棒石基泥团；
步骤4:将凹凸棒石基泥团进行挤压造粒成球，将球在200～250℃温度范围内，热处理20～30min，制得凹土基无氯吸附干燥剂。
凹凸棒石提纯粉末的制备工艺如下所示：
称量100-120g凹凸棒石放入800-1000ml蒸馏水中用搅拌器搅拌2～4小时，再加入10-15g草酸和20-25g草酸钠处理液，80～100℃中搅拌1～3小时，得到凹凸棒石悬浮液；
向凹凸棒石悬浮液中加入8-10g环氧基聚硅氧烷和10-15g六偏磷酸钠，再滴加NaOH溶液调整悬浮液的pH值为6～8搅拌2～4小时，再至少静止10h，分离出固体烘干250～350℃，制得凹凸棒石提纯粉末。
实施例1：
本实施例提供的一种吸附干燥剂及具体制备工艺如下：
步骤1:将50份凹凸棒石提纯粉末、10份活性炭、3份石墨粉、5份硅胶粉及2份纤维素纤维放在容器中在辊式磨中进行干法混料，制得混合粉末；
步骤2:在15份水中添加5份红薯淀粉均匀搅拌，然后升温至65℃加热20min得到粘稠状粘合剂；
步骤3:将混合粉末与粘稠状粘合剂混合，再添加2份活性剂、1份除臭杀菌剂进行搅拌处理，20转/分，搅拌50分钟，制得凹凸棒石基泥团；
步骤4:将凹凸棒石基泥团进行挤压造粒成球，将球在200℃温度范围内，热处理30min，制得凹土基无氯吸附干燥剂。
实施例2：
本实施例提供的一种吸附干燥剂及具体制备工艺如下：
步骤1:将60份凹凸棒石提纯粉末、20份活性炭、5份石墨粉、10份硅胶粉及5份纤维素纤维放在容器中在辊式磨中进行干法混料，制得混合粉末；
步骤2:在20份水中添加10份红薯淀粉均匀搅拌，然后升温至70℃加热20min得到粘稠状粘合剂；
步骤3:将混合粉末与粘稠状粘合剂混合，再添加3份活性剂、3份除臭杀菌剂进行搅拌处理，30转/分，搅拌30分钟，制得凹凸棒石基泥团；
步骤4:将凹凸棒石基泥团进行挤压造粒成球，将球在250℃温度范围内，热处理30min，制得凹土基无氯吸附干燥剂。
将实例1、2制备的吸附干燥剂进行性能检测，如表1所示，
表1：吸附干燥剂性能指标
| 样品 | 7天后吸湿度 | 7天后状态 | 杀菌率 |
| 实例1 | 87% | 球状，表面干燥 | 95% |
| 实例2 | 93% | 球状，表面干燥 | 96% |
根据表1的结果可以得知：本发明制备的吸附干燥剂具有优异的干燥性，7天后的吸湿度达到87%以上，具有良好的吸水性，能够持续保证杀菌效果，杀菌率达到95%以上。
本发明提供的一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，工艺简单，可实现工业化生产，利用凹凸棒石、钠基膨润土、活性炭、植物纤维制备凹凸棒石吸附干燥剂，通过淀粉粘合剂在成型设备下制成具有高强度、高吸湿，且具有杀菌除味的吸附干燥剂，有效防止吸附干燥剂吸水后滋生细菌，杀菌率达到95%以上。制得的吸附干燥剂，使用后经太阳晒或烘干可重复使用，完全失效后，当一般垃圾处理即可，能够快速降解，对环境无污染和腐蚀。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种吸附干燥剂，其特征在于，包括以下重量份数的原料组成：凹凸棒石提纯粉末50-60份、石墨粉3-5份，活性炭10-20份、硅胶粉5-10份、纤维素纤维2-5份、活性剂2-3份，粘合剂5-10份，除臭杀菌剂1-3份，水15-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸附干燥剂，其特征在于，所述纤维素纤维包括植物纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸附干燥剂，其特征在于，所述活性剂包括聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚型非离子型表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸附干燥剂，其特征在于，所述除臭杀菌剂包括B80型蓖麻油酸锌脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸附干燥剂，其特征在于，所述粘合剂包括红薯淀粉。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
按照重量份数称取凹凸棒石提纯粉末、石墨粉、活性炭、硅胶粉、纤维素纤维、活性剂、粘合剂、除臭杀菌剂及水；
将凹凸棒石提纯粉末、活性炭、石墨粉、硅胶粉及纤维素纤维进行干法混料，制得混合粉末；
在水中添加粘合剂均匀搅拌，经升温加热得到粘稠状的粘合剂；
将混合粉末与粘稠状的粘合剂搅拌混合，再添加活性剂、除臭杀菌剂搅拌，制得凹凸棒石基泥团；
将凹凸棒石基泥团进行挤压造粒成球，经热处理制得吸附干燥剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述搅拌采用十字搅刀搅拌器进行搅拌，搅拌速度为500～1000转/分，搅拌时间为30～60分钟。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述热处理的条件为200～250℃温度范围内，保持20～30min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述凹凸棒石提纯粉末的制备包括如下步骤：
向凹凸棒石放入蒸馏水搅拌，再加入草酸，草酸钠处理液，80～100℃中搅拌1～3小时，得到凹凸棒石悬浮液；
向凹凸棒石悬浮液中加入环氧基聚硅氧烷和六偏磷酸钠，再滴加碱性溶液调整悬浮液的pH值为6～8，搅拌2～4小时后静止至少10h，分离出固体烘干，制得凹凸棒石提纯粉末。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种吸附干燥剂的制备方法，其特征在于，对于100-120g凹凸棒石，需要蒸馏水800-1000ml，草酸10-15g，草酸钠处理液20-25g，环氧基聚硅氧烷8-10g，六偏磷酸钠10-15g。
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