CN113767914A

CN113767914A - China-hemp female-plant nutrition male-inducing reagent and preparation and use methods thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113767914A
Application number: CN202111027383.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓艳; 孙宇峰; 边境; 曹焜; 韩承伟; 王晓楠; 赵越; 高宇; 孙凯旋; 田玉杰
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Daqing Branch
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Daqing Branch
Priority date: 2021-09-02
Filing date: 2021-09-02
Publication date: 2021-12-10

Abstract

A hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent and a preparation and use method thereof belong to the technical field of crop breeding. The male inducing reagent comprises triacontanol, gibberellin, silver thiosulfate and glucose, wherein the concentration of the triacontanol is 0-5mg/L, the concentration of the gibberellin is 0-10mg/L, the concentration of the glucose is 0-100g/L, the concentration of the silver thiosulfate is 0.2-2mmol/L, and the silver thiosulfate is generated through the reaction of silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate. The male inducing reagent also comprises glycine and alanine, wherein the concentration of the glycine is 0-50g/L, and the concentration of the alanine is 0-50 g/L. The glucose, the glycine and the alanine can supplement the glucose content of hemp plants, increase the absorption of potassium phosphate elements by hemp and synthesize chlorophyll; the chlorophyll content of the plants can be increased, the activity of enzyme is improved, the penetration of carbon dioxide is promoted, and the photosynthesis is more vigorous; can increase the stress resistance (cold resistance, drought resistance and the like) of plants, promote the growth and the propagation of the plants, strengthen the plants and improve the yield and the quality of fruits.

Description

China-hemp female-plant nutrition male-inducing reagent and preparation and use methods thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent and a preparation method and a use method thereof.

Background

As the hemp is a male and female heteroid crop, the pollen amount of the male plant is large, the propagation is far, the variety mixing is easy to cause, the seed source purity is poor, and the male plant in the female parent needs to be manually pulled out when the hemp hybrid variety is produced, so the workload is large and the cost is high.

Previous researches show that the male induction effect is poor when low-concentration silver nitrate and gibberellin are treated, the growth parameters such as plant height, internode length, leaf area and the like are obviously inhibited when the high-concentration silver nitrate is treated, the growth phenomenon is obviously generated when the gibberellin is treated, the plant height and the internode length are obviously increased, the stem thickness and the fresh weight of the unit leaf area are obviously reduced, and the silver nitrate is easily decomposed by light and is not easy to store. And the low-concentration silver thiosulfate solution is used as an androgenic agent, so that the phenomena of plant growth inhibition, leaf edge withering and plant death are also caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a China hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent and a preparation method and a use method thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the background art. Can promote the growth and development of the hemp and enhance the disease resistance of the hemp, and has good male induction ratio, large and full seeds and high yield.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the male sex attractant for female hemp plant nutrition comprises triacontanol, gibberellin, silver thiosulfate and glucose, wherein the concentration of triacontanol is 0-5mg/L, the concentration of gibberellin is 0-10mg/L, the concentration of glucose is 0-100g/L, the concentration of silver thiosulfate is 0.2-2mmol/L, and the silver thiosulfate is generated through the reaction of silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate.

Furthermore, the male sex induction reagent also comprises glycine and alanine, wherein the concentration of the glycine is 0-50g/L, and the concentration of the alanine is 0-50 g/L.

The preparation method of the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing gibberellin and triacontanol with required concentrations, dissolving with alcohol, respectively fixing the volume to 100mL, pouring triacontanol solution into gibberellin solution, and fixing the volume to 250mL for later use;

step two: weighing glucose, glycine and alanine with required concentrations, respectively metering to 50mL, sequentially pouring glycine and alanine into glucose solution, and metering to 250mL for later use

Step three: weighing silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate with required concentrations, respectively dissolving the silver nitrate and the sodium thiosulfate in 250mL of distilled water, after the two medicaments are fully dissolved, pouring a silver nitrate solution into a sodium thiosulfate solution at a speed of 13-17 mL per minute (preferably 15 mL per minute), pouring the silver nitrate solution into the sodium thiosulfate solution while stirring the silver nitrate solution and the sodium thiosulfate solution rapidly, and preparing a silver thiosulfate solution, wherein the volume ratio of the silver nitrate to the sodium thiosulfate solution is 1: 1;

step four: and (4) sequentially pouring the solutions obtained in the second step and the third step into the fourth step, and uniformly mixing to obtain the male attractant.

Further, in the fourth step, the prepared male inducing reagent is immediately sprayed or stored in a brown glass bottle or a black plastic bucket and can be stored for 2 days at room temperature in a dark environment.

A use method of the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent prepared in the above way comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: spraying the male inducing reagent (preferably prepared at present) at the later stage of rapid growth of hemp or before budding, spraying the young tissues of main stem and lateral branch of hemp plant, and spraying after 7 days to obtain a second spray treatment with uniform and sufficient wetting and no dripping water; when the male bait is processed, the male bait is processed in the evening or in the cloudy day, and the sun can not be exposed within 3 to 4 hours after the processing;

step two: removing all male plants with buds within 30 days after male induction treatment, leaving female plants, inducing male flower buds on female hemp plants 35-50 days after treatment, changing the male flowers into male and female isoplants, and performing free pollination after the male flowers are pollen-dispersed to obtain the hemp with full-female seeds;

step three: after the induced full-female seeds are planted, the inducer is sprayed according to the step one, and a large amount of full-female hemp seeds can be obtained without castration.

Further, in the first step, the relative humidity of air is not less than 70%, and the drug effect is better.

A use method of the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent prepared in the above way specifically comprises the following steps: the method is applied to female plant cuttage seedlings, when 20% -70% of female flower stigma is exposed, an inducer is used for spraying main stem and lateral branch young tissue of a hemp plant for spraying treatment, and secondary spraying treatment is carried out after 7 days by taking full and uniform wetting without dripping water as a standard; when the male-inducing treatment is carried out, the treatment is carried out in the evening or in the cloudy day, and the sun can not be exposed within 3-4 hours after the treatment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the preparation method of the male-inducing reagent is simple, easy to operate and preserve and good in stability.

2. The glucose, the glycine and the alanine can supplement the glucose content of hemp plants, increase the absorption of potassium phosphate elements by hemp and synthesize chlorophyll; the chlorophyll content of the plants can be increased, the activity of enzyme is improved, the penetration of carbon dioxide is promoted, and the photosynthesis is more vigorous; can increase the stress resistance (cold resistance, drought resistance and the like) of the plants, promote the growth and the propagation of the plants, strengthen the plants and improve the yield and the quality of fruits.

3. The complex silver thiosulfate and gibberellin can induce male flowers from female China hemp plants, the proportion of the male flowers is proper (about 30% -40%), China hemp cross pollination is facilitated, the seed setting rate is high, the seeds are large and full, and the yield is high.

4. The growth regulator triacontanol, gibberellin and nutrient substances such as glucose, glycine and alanine can avoid the symptoms of hemp plant death, dwarfing, leaf edge withering and the like caused by independently spraying silver nitrate or silver thiosulfate.

5. The male inducing reagent is sprayed at the later stage of rapid growth of the hemp plants or before budding, the main stem and the tender tissues of the lateral branches of the hemp plants are sprayed, the standard of sufficient and uniform wetting without dripping is adopted, and the secondary spraying treatment is carried out 7 days later, so that the problem of poor male inducing effect at too late or too early in the male inducing treatment is solved.

6. The hemp seeds obtained by the first induction are female plants in the offspring, and the male plants in the female parents do not need to be pulled out manually when the seeds are produced by the second induction or hybrid varieties, so that the cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the growth and development effects of hemp treated by spraying gibberellin (left) and the male-inducing reagent of the present invention (right);

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the withering of hemp leaf edges treated with silver thiosulfate;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the withering of hemp leaf edges treated with the androgenic agent of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of three applications of the male sex attractant of the present invention to induce male flowers;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view of male flowers induced by three applications of the male inducer of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of male flowers induced by spraying the male inducing agent of the present invention twice;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged detail view of male flowers induced by spraying the male inducing agent of the present invention twice;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of inducing male seedlings by cutting after the male inducing agent of the present invention is sprayed twice;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged detail view of the male inducing of the cutting seedlings after the male inducing agent of the present invention is sprayed twice;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of hemp seeds obtained by applying the male inducing agent of the present invention twice and inducing male cutting seedlings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Example 1:

potting test, 3 treatments (inventive androgen inducer treatment, gibberellin treatment, and silver thiosulfate treatment), repeated three times.

The invention relates to a male inducing agent treatment: preparing the male sex attractant according to the first, second, third and fourth steps, wherein the male sex attractant comprises 5mg/L gibberellin, 3mg/L triacontanol, 50mg/L glucose, 25mg/L glycine, 25mg/L alanine and 1mmol/L silver thiosulfate (1.0 g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is dissolved in 500 ml of water, 0.17 g of silver nitrate is dissolved in 500 ml of water, then the silver nitrate solution is poured into the sodium thiosulfate solution very slowly, and the mixture is poured and stirred rapidly while pouring, so that the prepared silver thiosulfate has the concentration of 1 mmol/L).

Gibberellin treatment: 25mg/L, weighing 25mg of gibberellin, dissolving with alcohol, and fixing the volume to 1L, wherein the concentration of the prepared gibberellin is 25 mg/L.

And (3) silver thiosulfate treatment: 1mmol/L, 1.0 g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate was dissolved in 500 ml of water, and 0.17 g of silver nitrate was dissolved in 500 ml of water. Then, the silver nitrate solution was poured into the sodium thiosulfate solution very slowly, one side was poured over, and the other side was stirred rapidly, so that the prepared silver thiosulfate had a concentration of 1 mmol/L.

Spraying the male-inducing reagent (prepared at present) at the later stage of rapid growth of hemp or before budding, spraying the young tissues of main stem and lateral branch of hemp plant, and spraying after 7 days, wherein the standard is that the hemp plant is fully and uniformly moistened and does not drip water; when the male-inducing treatment is carried out, the male-inducing treatment is carried out in the evening or in the cloudy day, the sun can not be solarized within 3-4 hours after the treatment, and the medicinal effect is better when the relative humidity of air is not lower than 70%.

After the second treatment, investigation was conducted at intervals of 7 days, as shown in table 1, the gibberellin-treated hemp plants were high, internode length was significantly increased, dry weights of stem thickness, stem and leaf of individual plants were significantly reduced, and the number of branches was reduced, as shown in fig. 1; the mortality rate of hemp plants treated by silver thiosulfate reaches 9.45%, and the withering of the blade edge is serious, as shown in figures 2 and 3; the male inducing agent treatment of the invention can reduce and inhibit excessive growth, reduce the death rate of hemp, and relieve the symptoms of withering of the leaf edge, etc.

TABLE 1 Effect of different androgenic agent treatments on hemp growth in full bloom stage

Example 2:

in pot experiment, the male sex attractant is prepared according to the first, second, third and fourth steps, wherein the male sex attractant comprises 5mg/L gibberellin, 3mg/L triacontanol, 50mg/L glucose, 25mg/L glycine, 25mg/L alanine and 1mmol/L silver thiosulfate (1.0 g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is dissolved in 500 ml of water, 0.17 g of silver nitrate is dissolved in 500 ml of water, then the silver nitrate solution is poured into the sodium thiosulfate solution very slowly, and the mixture is poured and stirred rapidly while pouring, so that the prepared silver thiosulfate has the concentration of 1 mmol/L).

The full-bloom stage is investigated, and the male-inducing rate is basically 100 percent when the male-inducing agent is sprayed for three times, the male flower proportion accounts for more than 80 percent, and the seeds are few, as shown in figures 4 and 5; the male sex attractant of the invention is sprayed twice, the male sex attracting rate basically reaches more than 90 percent, the male flower proportion accounts for about 30 to 40 percent, and more seeds are produced, as shown in figures 6 and 7.

Example 3:

in a greenhouse large-area verification test, the tested area is 467 square meters, the plant spacing is 0.8 meters, the row spacing is 1 meter, and 583 female hemp cutting seedlings are obtained without manual emasculation.

Preparing the male sex attractant according to the first, second, third and fourth steps, wherein the male sex attractant comprises 5mg/L gibberellin, 3mg/L triacontanol, 50mg/L glucose, 25mg/L glycine, 25mg/L alanine and 1mmol/L silver thiosulfate (1.0 g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is dissolved in 500 ml of water, 0.17 g of silver nitrate is dissolved in 500 ml of water, and then the silver nitrate solution is poured into the sodium thiosulfate solution very slowly, poured while stirred rapidly, so that the prepared silver thiosulfate has the concentration of 1 mmol/L).

Spraying the male inducing reagent (prepared at present) in the later stage of rapid growth of the hemp plants or before budding, carrying out spray treatment on the young tissues of the main stems and the lateral branches of the hemp plants, and carrying out second spray treatment after 7 days by taking full and uniform wetting without dripping water as a standard; when the male-inducing treatment is carried out, the male-inducing treatment is carried out in the evening or in the cloudy day, the sun can not be solarized within 3-4 hours after the treatment, and the medicinal effect is better when the relative humidity of air is not lower than 70%.

As shown in Table 2, when the male inducing agent of the invention is sprayed, the male inducing rate of the cutting seedlings of the female China hemp plants is 98.78%, the ratio of male flowers is 38.26%, the seeds of each plant are 2476.36, the grain weight of each plant is 5374g, and the thousand seed weight is 21.7 g. The experiment shows that the male induction effect is good, no dead plant phenomenon exists, and the yield of grains is high, as shown in figures 8-10.

TABLE 2 Male induction effect of the male induction agent of the present invention on female hemp cutting seedlings

Percentage of heroes induction (%)	Ratio of Male flower (%)	Seed number of single plant	Thousand Kernel weight (g)	Weight per plant (g)
					98.78	38.26	2476.36	21.7	53.74

Claims

1. A hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent is characterized in that: the male inducing reagent comprises triacontanol, gibberellin, silver thiosulfate and glucose, wherein the concentration of the triacontanol is 0-5mg/L, the concentration of the gibberellin is 0-10mg/L, the concentration of the glucose is 0-100g/L, the concentration of the silver thiosulfate is 0.2-2mmol/L, and the silver thiosulfate is generated through the reaction of silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate.

2. The male-inducing nutritional reagent for female hemp plants according to claim 1, wherein: the male inducing reagent also comprises glycine and alanine, wherein the concentration of the glycine is 0-50g/L, and the concentration of the alanine is 0-50 g/L.

3. A method for preparing a hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:

Step three: weighing silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate with required concentrations, respectively dissolving the silver nitrate and the sodium thiosulfate in 250mL of distilled water, fully dissolving the two medicaments, pouring a silver nitrate solution into a sodium thiosulfate solution at a speed of 13-17 mL per minute, pouring the silver nitrate solution into the sodium thiosulfate solution while stirring the silver nitrate solution and the sodium thiosulfate solution rapidly, and preparing a silver thiosulfate solution, wherein the volume ratio of the silver nitrate to the sodium thiosulfate solution is 1: 1;

step four: and (4) sequentially pouring the solutions obtained in the first step and the second step into the third step, and uniformly mixing to obtain the male attractant.

4. The method for preparing a hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the prepared male inducing reagent is immediately sprayed or stored in a brown glass bottle or a black plastic bucket.

5. A method for using the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent prepared by the method of claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: spraying the main stem and the tender tissue of the lateral branch of the hemp plant in the later period of the rapid growth of the hemp or before budding, and spraying for the second time after 7 days by taking full and uniform wetting without dripping water as a standard; when in male induction treatment, the male is treated in the evening or in the cloudy day, and the sun can not be solarized within 3 to 4 hours after the treatment;

step two: removing all bud male plants within 30 days after male induction treatment, leaving female plants, inducing male flower buds on female hemp plants 35-50 days after treatment, changing the male flowers into male and female isoplants, and performing free pollination after the male flowers are pollen-dispersed to obtain the hemp plants with full female seeds;

6. The use method of the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the first step, the relative humidity of the air is not lower than 70%.

7. A method for using the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent prepared by the method of claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps: when 20-70% of the female flower stigma is exposed, spraying the main stem and the lateral branch tender tissue of the hemp plant with an inducer for spray treatment, and performing secondary spray treatment after 7 days by taking full and uniform wetting without dripping water as a standard; when the male-inducing treatment is carried out, the treatment is carried out in the evening or in the cloudy day, and the sun can not be exposed within 3-4 hours after the treatment.

8. The use method of the hemp female plant nutrition male-inducing reagent according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the first step, the relative humidity of the air is not lower than 70%.