Flow velocity observation device for water level flow change area and installation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of flow velocity observation of a water level flow change area.
Background
The water velocity of the water area in nature is characterized by gradually reducing from the water surface to the water bottom, and the flow velocity at the position of 0.6 relative to the water depth (namely, the position of 0.6 times of the distance from the water surface to the water bottom) is closest to the vertical average flow velocity, so in order to obtain better observation representativeness, the flow velocity observation equipment is preferably arranged at the position of 0.6 relative to the water depth, otherwise, the empirical coefficient correction is needed.
In water level flow fluctuation areas, such as sea areas with large tidal range fluctuation, the water depth at high tide and low tide can be different by several meters, such as some rivers, the water depth in flood season and dry season can also be different by several meters or even tens of meters. The fixedly installed flow velocity observation equipment is difficult to stably maintain at a position 0.6 relative to the water depth in a water level flowing fluctuation area, so that empirical coefficient correction is needed, but the relative water depth changes violently, the effect of empirical coefficient correction is poor, and the observation representativeness is poor.
In order to keep the relative water depth of the flow velocity observation device stable and obtain better observation representativeness, the flow velocity observation device is required to be movable, the water depth position of the flow velocity observation device is adjusted along with the water level change in a manual or electric driving mode, and the flow velocity observation device is continuously kept at the position of 0.6 relative to the water depth. The manual adjustment consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the reaction is not timely enough and is limited by field operation conditions under the condition of rapid water level change; the adjustment of the electric driving mode needs to provide an additional lifting system, the lifting system comprises a power supply, a motor, sensing equipment and the like, the structure is complex, and the use cost and the maintenance cost are high.
Therefore, the existing flow velocity observation equipment has the defect of poor observation representativeness when being used in a water level flow change area, or has the defect of untimely reaction and limitation by field operation conditions, or has the defect of high use cost and maintenance cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flow velocity observation device of a water level flow fluctuation area and an installation method. The invention has the advantages of better observation representativeness, timely reaction, no limitation of field operation conditions, lower use cost and lower maintenance cost.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a flow velocity observation device for a water level flow change area comprises a vertical steel pile, wherein a suspension platform in sliding connection is arranged on the steel pile, a lifting platform in sliding connection with the steel pile is arranged below the suspension platform, and flow velocity observation equipment is arranged on the lifting platform; still include pulley mechanism, pulley mechanism includes and rotates the movable pulley who is connected with the elevating platform, and the outside of movable pulley is equipped with the rope, and the one end of rope is fixed with the upper end of piling bar, connects the suspension platform behind the other end of rope walked around the movable pulley.
In the aforementioned flow velocity observation device for the water level flow fluctuation area, the outer side of the steel pile is provided with the vertical guide rail, the outer side surface of the guide rail is provided with the vertical guide groove, and the suspension platform and the lifting platform are both connected with the steel pile in a sliding manner through the guide rail.
In the flow velocity observation device for the water level flow fluctuation area, the suspension platform includes an annular first support, the first support is fixed with the rope, an annular second support is arranged on the outer side of the first support, a plurality of circumferentially distributed floating bodies are arranged between the first support and the second support, a first guide wheel connected in a rotating manner is arranged on the first support, and the first guide wheel is located in the guide groove.
In the flow velocity observation device for the water level flow change area, the lifting platform is provided with a through hole through which the steel pile penetrates, an annular third support is arranged in the through hole, the third support is fixed with the lifting platform through a connecting rod, the third support is provided with a second guide wheel in rotating connection, the second guide wheel is located in the guide groove, and the third support is provided with a movable pulley.
In the flow velocity observation device for the water level flow fluctuation area, the lifting platform is provided with the balancing weight, and the balancing weight and the flow velocity observation equipment are respectively located on two sides of the steel pile.
In the flow velocity observation device for the water level flow fluctuation area, four guide rails are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the steel pile.
Among the velocity of flow observation device in aforementioned water level flow fluctuation district, floating platform's top is equipped with the data transmission case fixed with the piling bar, and the top of data transmission case is equipped with solar panel, and the upper end of piling bar is equipped with the warning light, and warning light, solar panel and velocity of flow observation equipment all are connected with the data transmission case.
In the aforementioned flow velocity observation device in water level flow fluctuation area, be equipped with the guide pin bushing on the elevating platform, be equipped with the guide arm of being connected with flow velocity observation equipment in the guide pin bushing, flow velocity observation equipment's inboard is equipped with vertical first rack, is equipped with the level between first rack and the piling bar to the gear shaft, and the gear shaft passes through the support and connects the piling bar, is equipped with first gear and second gear on the gear shaft, and first gear and first rack meshing, the velocity ratio between first gear and the second gear is 1.2, and one side of second gear is equipped with the second rack fixed with the elevating platform.
In the flow velocity observation apparatus for a water level flow fluctuation region, the steel pile is provided with a steel ring fixed to the rope.
In the flow velocity observation apparatus for a water level flow fluctuation region, the steel pile is provided with a steel ring fixed to the rope.
In the installation method of the flow velocity observation device for the water level flow fluctuation area, the lower end of the steel pile is driven into the ground below the water body in the water level flow fluctuation area, and the flow velocity observation equipment is positioned at a position which is 0.6 relative to the water depth by adjusting the length of the rope.
Compared with the prior art, the invention drives the flow velocity observation equipment to automatically settle through the suspension platform, so that the flow velocity observation equipment is automatically positioned at the position of 0.6 relative to the water depth or near the position of 0.6 relative to the water depth, better observation representativeness can be obtained, and empirical coefficient correction is not needed. Due to this. Because the flow velocity observation equipment can automatically settle and is continuously kept at the position which is 0.6 relative to the water depth or the position which is close to the water depth, the reaction of the invention is timely, and the water depth position of the flow velocity observation equipment does not need to be adjusted along with the change of the water level in a manual mode, thereby saving a large amount of manpower and material resources and being not limited by field operation conditions. In addition, the floating platform drives the flow velocity observation equipment to lift, the structure is simple, and a motor, sensing equipment and the like are not needed, so that the use cost and the maintenance cost of the device are low. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of better observation representativeness, timely reaction, no limitation of field operation conditions, lower use cost and lower maintenance cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the levitation platform in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the elevating table in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the elevating table of embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of the elevating table of embodiment 2.
The labels in the figures are: 1-steel pile, 2-suspension platform, 20-first support, 21-second support, 22-floating body, 23-first guide wheel, 3-lifting platform, 300-through hole, 301-third support, 302-connecting rod, 303-second guide wheel, 304-counterweight block, 305-guide sleeve, 306-guide rod, 307-first rack, 308-gear shaft, 309-support, 310-first gear, 311-second gear, 312-second rack, 4-flow rate observation equipment, 5-pulley mechanism, 50-movable pulley, 51-rope, 6-guide rail, 60-guide groove, 7-data transmission box, 8-solar panel, 9-warning light and 10-steel ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1. A flow velocity observation device for a water level flow change area is shown in figure 1 and comprises a vertical steel pile 1, wherein a suspension platform 2 in sliding connection is arranged on the steel pile 1, a lifting platform 3 in sliding connection with the steel pile 1 is arranged below the suspension platform 2, and flow velocity observation equipment 4 is arranged on the lifting platform 3; still including two pulley mechanism 5 of symmetric distribution in 1 both sides of piling bar, pulley mechanism 5 includes and rotates the movable pulley 50 of being connected with elevating platform 3, and the outside of movable pulley 50 is equipped with rope 51, and the one end of rope 51 is fixed with the upper end of piling bar 1, and the other end of rope 51 is walked around movable pulley 50 and is connected suspension platform 2, rope 51 is the cable wire.
The outer side of the steel pile 1 is provided with four circumferentially distributed and vertical guide rails 6, the outer side face of each guide rail 6 is provided with a vertical guide groove 60, and the suspension platform 2 and the lifting platform 3 are both in sliding connection with the steel pile 1 through the guide rails 6.
The suspension platform 2 comprises an annular first support 20, the first support 20 is fixed with a rope 51, an annular second support 21 is arranged on the outer side of the first support 20, four floating bodies 22 distributed circumferentially are arranged between the first support 20 and the second support 21, the floating bodies 22 are hollow floating balls, the inner side of each floating body 22 is fixed with the first support 20, the outer side of each floating body 22 is fixed with the second support 21, four first guide wheels 23 connected in a rotating mode are arranged on the first support 20, and the four first guide wheels 23 are respectively located in guide grooves 60 of the four guide rails 6.
The lifting platform 3 is provided with a through hole 300 which is penetrated by the steel pile 1, an annular third support 301 is arranged in the through hole 300, the third support 301 is fixed with the lifting platform 3 through four connecting rods 302, the third support 301 is provided with four second guide wheels 303 which are rotatably connected, the four second guide wheels 303 are respectively positioned in the guide grooves 60 of the four guide rails 6, the third support 301 is provided with a movable pulley 50 which is bypassed by a rope 51, the outer peripheral surface of the movable pulley 50 is provided with an annular groove matched with the rope 51, and the rope 51 is prevented from being disengaged from the movable pulley 50.
The lifting platform 3 is provided with a balancing weight 304, and the balancing weight 304 and the flow velocity observation equipment 4 are respectively positioned at two sides of the steel pile 1. The weight member 304 prevents the lifting platform 3 from being stuck when moving up and down.
The top of suspension platform 2 is equipped with data transmission case 7 fixed with piling bar 1, and the top of data transmission case 7 is equipped with solar panel 8, and the upper end of piling bar 1 is equipped with warning light 9, and warning light 9, solar panel 8 and velocity of flow observation equipment 4 all are connected with data transmission case 7. Warning light 9, solar panel 8, velocity of flow observation device 4 and data transmission case 7 and the relation of connection each other are prior art, still be equipped with in the data transmission case 7 and be connected the battery with solar panel 8, the rivers data transmission that velocity of flow observation device 4 produced to data transmission case 7, data transmission case 7 utilizes 4G or 5G network to send rivers data externally, but the long-range receipt rivers data of water conservancy personnel. Solar panel 8 charges for the battery, and the battery is warning light 9, velocity of flow observation device 4, data transmission case 7 power supply. The warning light 9 is located above the water surface and used for early warning and preventing the passing ships from colliding with the steel piles 1.
The steel pile 1 is provided with a steel ring 10 fixed with a rope 51, and the rope 51 is bound on the steel ring 10.
Installation method of example 1: in a water level flow fluctuation area with the water depth change range of 10-20m, the lower end of the steel pile 1 is driven into the ground below the water body, and the flow velocity observation equipment 4 is positioned at the position of 0.6 relative to the water depth by adjusting the length of the rope 51.
Working principle of example 1: the floating platform 2 provides buoyancy on the water surface, and as the depth of water changes, the floating platform 2 remains continuously on the water surface. When the water depth changes by 1m and the height of the suspension platform 2 changes by 1m, the suspension platform 2 drives the lifting platform to change the height by 0.5m through the rope 51, namely the height of the flow velocity observation equipment 4 changes by 0.5 m. The device is installed in the water depth of 10m, the flow velocity observation equipment 4 is 6m away from the water bottom after installation, when the water depth is changed within the range of 10-20m, the height from the upwash flow velocity observation equipment 4 to the water bottom is automatically changed within the range of 6-11m, the relative water depth is changed within the range of 0.6-0.55, and the detected water flow data has better observation representativeness.
Examples are given. Different from the embodiment 1, the structure of the lifting platform 3 is different, a guide sleeve 305 is arranged on the lifting platform 3, a guide rod 306 connected with the flow velocity observation device 4 is arranged in the guide sleeve 305, a vertical first rack 307 is arranged on the inner side of the flow velocity observation device 4, a horizontal gear shaft 308 is arranged between the first rack 307 and the steel pile 1, the gear shaft 308 is connected with the steel pile 1 through a support 309, the gear shaft 308 penetrates through the support 309, a first gear 310 and a second gear 311 are arranged on the gear shaft 308, the first gear 310 is meshed with the first rack 307, both the first gear 310 and the first rack 307 are fixed with the gear shaft 308, the speed ratio between the first gear 310 and the second gear 311 is 1.2, and a second rack 312 fixed with the lifting platform 3 is arranged on one side of the second gear 311.
In embodiment 2, when the height of the lifting platform 3 changes, the lifting platform 3 drives the second rack 312 to lift, the second rack 312 drives the gear shaft 308 to rotate through the second gear 311, the gear shaft 308 drives the first gear 310 to rotate, and the first gear 310 drives the flow velocity observation device 4 to lift through the first rack 307. At the moment, when the water depth changes by 1m and the height of the suspension platform 2 changes by 1m, the suspension platform 2 drives the lifting platform 3 to change by 0.5m through the rope 51, the lifting platform 3 drives the flow velocity observation equipment 4 to change by 0.6m, so that the flow velocity observation equipment 4 is always at the position 0.6 relative to the water depth, and the detected water flow data has the best observation representativeness.
In embodiment 2, suspension platform 2 and elevating platform 3 are connected through the pulley structure, realize big velocity ratio and adjust, realize little velocity ratio through two sets of gear racks and adjust between elevating platform 3 and the velocity of flow observation equipment 4, guaranteeing that suspension platform 2 goes up and down 1m, velocity of flow observation equipment 4 goes up and down 0.6m, velocity of flow observation equipment 4 is in relative depth of water position 0.6's prerequisite all the time under, the length of reduction rack, the preparation of the rack of being convenient for, reduce cost.
Compared with the embodiment 2, the embodiment 1 has simpler structure, is not easy to break down, and is suitable for being used in places with more sundries in the water body and places with small water depth change amplitude; the embodiment 2 is suitable for being used in places where water bodies are clean and can be used in places where the water depth changes greatly.