CN113735213A - Novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113735213A CN113735213A CN202111170499.7A CN202111170499A CN113735213A CN 113735213 A CN113735213 A CN 113735213A CN 202111170499 A CN202111170499 A CN 202111170499A CN 113735213 A CN113735213 A CN 113735213A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型动力强化蒸发的聚焦型太阳能海水淡化装置，太阳能吸收管被安装在聚焦型太阳能集热器的槽形抛物面聚焦集热器的焦线上，其左端通过吸收管第一管道与海水储水箱相连，右端通过吸收管第二管道与冷凝盘管相连，冷凝盘管另一端通过淡水收集管与淡水储水箱相连，冷凝盘管位于水冷式冷凝器内部，淡水储水箱上部通过第二排气管连接低压泵(二)，下端连接淡水出口。水冷式冷凝器下部连接冷海水进水管，上部连接海水出水管，海水出水管另一端连接海水储水箱。海水储水箱上部通过第一排气管与低压泵(一)相连。该装置强化了海水的蒸发，提高了装置的产水率，并且充分利用水蒸气的凝结潜热，提高了太阳能的利用率。
The invention discloses a new type of focusing solar seawater desalination device with enhanced power evaporation. The pipe is connected to the seawater storage tank, the right end is connected to the condensing coil through the second pipe of the absorption pipe, the other end of the condensing coil is connected to the fresh water storage tank through the fresh water collection pipe, the condensing coil is located inside the water-cooled condenser, and the upper part of the fresh water storage tank passes through The second exhaust pipe is connected to the low-pressure pump (2), and the lower end is connected to the fresh water outlet. The lower part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a cold seawater inlet pipe, the upper part is connected with a seawater outlet pipe, and the other end of the seawater outlet pipe is connected with a seawater storage tank. The upper part of the seawater storage tank is connected with the low-pressure pump (1) through the first exhaust pipe. The device strengthens the evaporation of seawater, improves the water production rate of the device, and makes full use of the latent heat of condensation of water vapor to improve the utilization rate of solar energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device.
Background
Steam of traditional disk solar still condenses on the apron, and the latent heat of condensation of vapor makes the temperature rise of glass apron to reduced the difference in temperature between the evaporation surface of water and the condensation surface, weakened the production rate of surface of water steam, and then reduced the water yield and the utilization efficiency of energy of distiller, make disk solar still's water yield lower. The total heat capacity of the conventional solar distillation apparatus is too large, thereby reducing the efficiency of increasing the temperature of water in the tray, and reducing the water outlet time and water yield of the apparatus. The seawater in the plate evaporates, rises to the cover plate to be condensed, latent heat is released, heat is finally dissipated to the atmosphere through the cover plate, heat loss is large, efficient utilization of solar energy is not facilitated, the process is related to water yield in unit time, the larger the water yield is, the more the heat is dissipated to the atmosphere, the higher the speed of taking away the heat in the seawater is, and further improvement of the water body temperature is limited. It would be beneficial to increase the water production rate of the device if the rate of heat loss at the cover plate could be controlled or the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor could be recycled rather than wasted. Therefore, a new seawater desalination device needs to be designed to enhance the evaporation of seawater, improve the water yield of the device, fully utilize the latent heat of condensation of water vapor and improve the utilization rate of solar energy.
Increasing the vacuum of the system enables the seawater to boil at a lower temperature, further reducing the heat lost by convection and radiation. But due to the lower steam pressure generated, it is not advantageous for these vapours to condense inside the condensation coil. The lower the vacuum level, the more vapor that cannot condense is carried away by the vacuum pump. Therefore, a reasonable vacuum range must be selected, which is optimal when the vacuum is maintained to boil the seawater at 80-85 ℃. The chinese patent No. CN200910197518.8 discloses a low-pressure solar seawater desalination device using an ejector, wherein the low-pressure vacuum of the whole system is formed by the self-weight of seawater, so the vacuum degree of the system is not easy to control. The invention can control the vacuum degree in a reasonable and stable range by using the low-pressure pump in the system, ensures that the seawater boils at about 80 ℃, stabilizes the generation rate of water surface steam, and greatly improves the water yield of unit area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel focusing solar seawater desalination device with power-enhanced evaporation aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art. The device makes the pressure in the solar absorption pipe lower than the atmospheric pressure of the environment by using the low-pressure pump in the system, so as to reduce the boiling temperature of seawater, strengthen the evaporation of seawater, simultaneously reduce the convection and radiation heat loss of the solar absorption pipe to the environment, be beneficial to improving the water yield of the device, simultaneously recycle the seawater used for condensing water vapor in the condenser, preheat the seawater about to enter the absorption pipe by using the latent heat of steam condensation, drive the seawater to further evaporate, fully utilize the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor, and overcome the defect that the heat energy in the prior art is not fully utilized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device mainly comprises a focusing solar heat collector, a solar absorption tube, a water-cooled condenser, a fresh water storage tank, a seawater storage tank, a low-pressure pump and the like. The solar energy absorption pipe is arranged on the focal line of a groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of the focusing type solar heat collector, the left end of the solar energy absorption pipe is connected with the seawater storage tank through the first pipeline of the absorption pipe, seawater enters the solar energy absorption pipe from the seawater storage tank through the first pipeline of the absorption pipe, and the temperature of the seawater is increased to reach about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy. The right end of the solar absorption tube is connected with a condensing coil through a second pipeline of the absorption tube, the other end of the condensing coil is connected with a fresh water storage tank through a fresh water collecting tube, and the condensing coil is positioned inside the water-cooled condenser. The upper part of the fresh water storage tank is connected with the low-pressure pump (II) through a second exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a fresh water outlet. The lower part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a cold seawater inlet pipe, the upper part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a seawater outlet pipe, and the other end of the seawater outlet pipe is connected with a seawater storage tank. The upper part of the seawater storage tank is connected with a low-pressure pump (I) through a first exhaust pipe.
The working principle of the invention is further as follows: the seawater in the seawater storage tank enters the solar absorption pipe through the first pipeline of the absorption pipe, the temperature is raised to about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy, the pressure in the solar absorption pipe is lower than the pressure of the environment due to the action of the low-pressure pump, and the seawater boils at about 80 ℃. The water vapor generated in the solar absorption tube enters the water-cooled condenser along the second pipeline of the absorption tube to exchange heat with the condensing coil pipe to generate condensation, the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor preheats cold seawater in the water-cooled condenser, and the preheated seawater enters the seawater storage tank through the seawater outlet pipe and the circulating pump to serve as seawater for the feeding device, so that the temperature of the seawater entering the device is increased. The condensed vapor in the condensing coil pipe flows into the fresh water storage tank through the fresh water collecting pipe and finally flows out through a fresh water outlet at the lower part of the fresh water outlet tank. In the process, the low-pressure pump (I) and the low-pressure pump (II) work to pump out air in the seawater storage tank and the fresh water storage tank in time, so that the interior of the device is kept in a low-pressure state all the time, the boiling temperature of seawater in the solar absorption pipe is reduced, and the evaporation of seawater is enhanced.
According to the novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device, the outer wall of the focusing solar heat collector is made of a galvanized iron plate with the thickness of 1mm, and the periphery of the focusing solar heat collector is insulated by a polyethylene foam plate with the thickness of 40 mm. Its inner wall diameter is 130 mm. A groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of the solar heat collector adopts a single-shaft tracking mechanism, and a condenser is horizontally arranged in the south and north directions in order to obtain larger direct solar radiation total amount. The heat absorbing pipe of the groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector is tubular, and the periphery of the pipe is separated from the external environment by a glass pipe.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the system, the novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device selects a small low-pressure pump, the input power of the low-pressure pump is 1500W, and the maximum air flow is 248L/min.
In order to facilitate the condensation of water vapor in the condensing coil and prevent the water vapor from being carried away by the low-pressure pump, the vacuum degree of the system is not as high as possible, so that the vacuum degree of the system for boiling the seawater at 80-85 ℃ is selected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device uses the low-pressure pump in the system, so that the pressure in the solar absorption pipe is lower than the atmospheric pressure of the environment, the boiling temperature of seawater is reduced, the evaporation of the seawater is enhanced, and the water yield of the device is greatly improved. The water-cooled condenser part preheats the seawater to be entered into the system by the heat condensed by the steam, drives the seawater to further evaporate, makes full use of the latent heat of the steam, greatly improves the energy utilization rate and promotes the seawater desalination efficiency.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination plant
Description of reference numerals: 1. the solar energy water-cooling system comprises a low-pressure pump (I), a first exhaust pipe (2), a seawater storage tank (3), a seawater outlet pipe (4), a circulating pump (5), an absorption pipe first pipeline (6), a solar absorption pipe (7), a focusing solar heat collector (8), an absorption pipe second pipeline (9), a water-cooled condenser (10), a water valve (I), a water valve (II), a water valve (13), a low-pressure pump (II), a second exhaust pipe (14), a fresh water storage tank (15), a condensing coil (16), a water valve (III), a cold seawater inlet pipe (18), a fresh water collecting pipe (19), a water valve (IV) and a fresh water outlet (21).
Detailed Description
A novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device mainly comprises a focusing solar heat collector 8, a solar absorption tube 7, a water-cooled condenser 10, a fresh water storage tank 15, a seawater storage tank 3, a low-pressure pump (I) 1, a low-pressure pump (II) 13 and the like. Seawater in the seawater storage tank 3 enters the solar absorption pipe 7 through the first pipeline 6 of the absorption pipe, the temperature is increased to about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy, the pressure in the solar absorption pipe 7 is lower than the pressure of the environment due to the action of the low-pressure pump (I) 1 and the low-pressure pump (II) 13, and the seawater boils at about 80 ℃. Vapor generated in the solar absorption tube 7 enters the water-cooled condenser 10 along the second pipeline 9 of the absorption tube to exchange heat with the condensing coil 16, condensation is generated, the latent heat of condensation of the vapor preheats cold seawater in the water-cooled condenser 10, the preheated seawater enters the seawater storage tank 3 through the seawater outlet pipe 4 and the circulating pump 5, and the seawater is used as seawater of the feeding device, so that the temperature of the seawater entering the device is increased. The condensed vapor in the condensing coil 16 flows into the fresh water storage tank 15 through the fresh water collecting pipe 19, and finally flows out through the fresh water outlet 21 at the lower part of the fresh water outlet tank 15. In the process, the low-pressure pump (I) 1 and the low-pressure pump (II) 13 work to timely pump out air in the seawater storage tank 3 and the fresh water storage tank 15, so that the interior of the device is kept in a low-pressure state all the time, the boiling temperature of seawater in the solar absorption pipe 7 is reduced, and the evaporation of the seawater is enhanced.
It should be understood that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms and that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the present patent application are included in the scope of the present patent application.
Claims (4)
1. A novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device mainly comprises a focusing solar heat collector 8, a solar absorption tube 7, a water-cooled condenser 10, a fresh water storage tank 15, a seawater storage tank 3, a low-pressure pump (I) 1, a low-pressure pump (II) 13 and the like. The solar energy absorption tube 7 is arranged on the focal line of a groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of the focusing solar heat collector 8, the left end of the solar energy absorption tube is connected with the seawater storage tank 3 through the first pipeline 6 of the absorption tube, seawater enters the solar energy absorption tube 7 from the seawater storage tank 3 through the first pipeline 6 of the absorption tube, and the temperature is raised to reach about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy. The right end of the solar absorption pipe 7 is connected with a condensing coil 16 through a second absorption pipe pipeline 9, the condensing coil 16 is located inside the water-cooled condenser 10, the other end of the condensing coil 16 is connected with a fresh water storage tank 15 through a fresh water collecting pipe 19, the upper part of the fresh water storage tank 15 is connected with a low-pressure pump (II) 13 through a second exhaust pipe 14, and the lower end of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a fresh water outlet 21. The lower part of the water-cooled condenser 10 is connected with a cold seawater inlet pipe 18, the upper part is connected with a seawater outlet pipe 4, and the other end of the seawater outlet pipe 4 is connected with a seawater storage tank 3. The upper part of the seawater storage tank 3 is connected with a low-pressure pump (I) 1 through a first exhaust pipe 2.
2. In the novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device, the outer wall of the focusing solar heat collector 8 is made of a galvanized iron plate with the thickness of 1mm, and the periphery of the focusing solar heat collector is insulated by a polyethylene foam plate with the thickness of 40 mm. Its inner wall diameter is 130 mm. The trough-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collectors of the focusing solar heat collector 8 all adopt a single-axis tracking mechanism, and in order to obtain larger total amount of direct solar radiation, the condenser lenses are horizontally arranged in the south and north directions. The heat absorbing pipe of the groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector is tubular, and the periphery of the pipe is separated from the external environment by a glass pipe.
3. In order to reduce the power consumption of the system, the novel power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device adopts a small low-pressure pump, the input power of the low-pressure pump (I) 1 and the low-pressure pump (II) 13 is 1500W, and the maximum air flow is 248L/min.
4. In order to facilitate the condensation of water vapor in the condensing coil 16 and prevent the water vapor from being taken away by the low-pressure pump (I) 1 and the low-pressure pump (II) 13, the vacuum degree of the system is not as high as possible, so the vacuum degree of the system for boiling the seawater at 80-85 ℃ is selected.
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| CN202111170499.7A CN113735213B (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | A focused solar seawater desalination device with power-enhanced evaporation |
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| CN202111170499.7A CN113735213B (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | A focused solar seawater desalination device with power-enhanced evaporation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114940522A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-26 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Solar interface evaporation seawater desalination system based on compound parabolic light condensation |
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