CN113732233B - Self-filling friction rivet welding device with rotation direction limiting function and rivet welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a self-filling friction rivet welding device with rotation direction limiting function and a rivet welding method, and belongs to the technical field of friction rivet welding. The problem of metal matrix composite be difficult to realize through traditional welded mode with other material's effective connection is solved. The rivet welding device comprises a rivet welding tool, an upper riveting plate, a lower riveting plate, a non-convolution body riveting hole and a rivet, wherein the non-convolution body riveting hole is formed in the upper riveting plate and the lower riveting plate, the rivet is arranged in the non-convolution body riveting hole and penetrates through the upper riveting plate and the lower riveting plate, and the rivet welding tool is arranged right above the non-convolution body riveting hole and the rivet and is connected with the rivet. It is mainly used for self-filling friction rivet welding.

Description

A self-filling friction riveting welding device and riveting welding method with rotation limit

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of friction riveting, in particular to a self-filling friction riveting device and a riveting method with a rotational limit.

Background technique

Metal matrix composites are widely used in key aerospace blade structures and precision measurement mechanisms because of their excellent dimensional stability and good high-temperature mechanical properties. Effective connection of other materials. Friction riveting is a solid-phase connection method that combines the advantages of riveting mechanical interlocking and welding metallurgical connection. During the process, the impact force of riveting is small and it is not easy to cause cracking. The welding temperature is low and the residual stress is small. There are significant advantages in terms of strength and low ductility materials. In addition, due to the large plastic deformation and its self-heating effect in the process of friction riveting, the rivet material can be fully thermally plasticized and upset to fill the rivet hole to improve the interface strength. According to this assumption, if the rivet hole is designed as a non-revolutionary structure, the rivet is plasticized and filled with the rivet hole, so as to bring the self-locking characteristic of rotation, which can make the rivet welding structure bear a certain torque, have excellent guidance, transmit energy, deform It has a series of advantages such as good stability, so as to further improve the overall dimensional stability of its structure, which will greatly expand the application breadth and depth of friction riveting in the field of components requiring high dimensional stability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a self-filling friction riveting welding device and a riveting welding method with rotation limit.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit, which comprises a riveting tool, an upper riveting plate, a lower riveting plate, a non-circular body riveting hole and a rivet, Both the upper riveting plate and the lower riveting plate are provided with non-revolving body riveting holes, the rivets are placed in the non-revolving body riveting holes and pass through the upper riveting plate and the lower riveting plate, and the riveting tool is arranged on the non-revolving body. Right above the rivet hole and rivet and connected to the rivet.

Further, the riveting tool includes a clamping part, a transition part and a shoulder part, the clamping part is provided with a positioning plane, the transition part connects the clamping part and the shoulder part, and the transition part is provided with a positioning plane. A plurality of heat dissipation grooves with concentric circular groove structure are provided, rounded corners are provided on the shaft shoulders, concave holes are formed on the bottom surface of the shaft shoulders, and convex points are arranged in the concave holes.

Further, the non-circular body riveting hole is a double rotationally symmetrical riveting hole, a fourth rotationally symmetrical riveting hole or a six rotationally symmetrical riveting hole.

Further, the rivet includes a rivet cylinder and a lower rivet cap, the rivet cylinder is connected with the lower rivet cap, and a positioning groove is provided in the center of the end face of the rivet cylinder.

Further, the material of the riveting tool is high-speed tool steel, cemented carbide, tungsten-rhenium alloy or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and the material hardness of the riveting tool is not lower than that of the rivet.

Further, the material of the rivet is a nickel-based superalloy, and the material of the upper riveting plate and the lower riveting plate is a metal matrix composite material.

Further, the length of the rivet is greater than the depth of the rivet hole of the non-convolutional body, the diameter of the rivet is smaller than the inner diameter of the rivet hole of the non-convolutional body, and the volume of the rivet protruding from the upper riveting plate is not less than the unconvoluted rivet hole. Fill volume.

The invention also discloses a riveting welding method with a self-filling friction riveting welding device with a rotational limit, which comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Pre-place the rivets in the rivet holes of the non-convolutional body and penetrate the upper riveting plate and the lower riveting plate;

Step 2: Place the riveting and welding tool directly above the rivet hole and the rivet of the non-convolutional body, align the axis of the riveting and welding tool with the axis of the non-circular body rivet hole, and connect the riveting and welding tool to the rivet;

Step 3: The riveting tool is rotated and pressed down at a certain speed until the shaft shoulder is at a certain distance from the upper surface of the upper riveting plate;

Step 4: The riveting welding tool and the rivet generate rotational friction and generate deformation heat, so that the rivet is thermally plasticized and automatically fills the non-circular body riveting hole under the extrusion action of the riveting and welding tool, thereby forming a rotary self-locking structure;

Step 5: The riveting welding tool is withdrawn, and the upper riveting plate, the lower riveting plate, the non-circular body riveting holes and the deformed rivets together form a riveting welding structure with a rotation limit function.

Further, the rotation speed of the riveting tool is 50-20000rpm, the pressing speed is 0.1-1000mm/min, and the termination condition of the riveting welding is that the distance between the shaft shoulder and the upper surface of the upper riveting plate is 0.01-2mm.

Furthermore, argon gas or helium gas is used as a gas protection measure during the riveting welding process, and the method of flame roasting or electromagnetic induction heating can be used for auxiliary heating during the riveting welding process.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention solves the problem that the metal matrix composite material is difficult to achieve effective connection with other materials through traditional welding. The invention utilizes large plastic deformation and its self-heating effect of deformation to promote full thermoplastic softening of rivets, and combined with the downward pressure of riveting tools to fill rivets into riveting holes with rotational limit function, to obtain high-quality friction riveting joints and form a rotary self-locking structure .

The invention provides deformation heat through the high-speed rotation of the riveting tool and slowly presses down to form the riveting joint. The joint takes into account the dual advantages of riveting mechanical interlocking and welding metallurgical connection. The impact force is small in the process and is not easy to cause cracking, and the peak temperature is low. During the melting process, the residual stress of the joint is small, and the metal matrix composite material joint can be effectively processed;

The invention adopts the design of the rivet hole of the non-revolving body, so that the rivet is thermoplastic and self-filled into the rivet hole to form a rotary self-locking structure, which can make the riveting and welding structure bear a certain torque, and has excellent guidance, energy transmission, and deformation stability. And a series of advantages, so as to further improve the overall dimensional stability of its structure;

The invention has a wide range of applications, and can not only be applied to the connection of high melting point and low plasticity materials such as metal matrix composite materials, but also can be applied to the self-direction limiting self-rotation of traditional alloy materials including but not limited to aluminum, aluminum alloys, and steel. Filled friction riveting.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a riveting welding method of a self-filling friction riveting welding device with a rotational limit according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the riveting tool according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-circular body riveting hole according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rivet according to the present invention.

1: Riveting tool, 1-1: Clamping part, 1-1-1: Positioning plane, 1-2: Transition part, 1-2-1: Heat sink, 1-3: Shaft shoulder, 1-3 -1: fillet, 1-3-2: concave hole, 1-3-3: convex point, 2: upper riveting plate, 3: lower riveting plate, 4: non-circular body riveting hole, 4-A: secondary Rotationally symmetrical rivet hole, 4-B: Four-fold rotationally symmetrical rivet hole, 4-C: Six-fold rotationally symmetrical rivet hole, 5: Rivet, 5-1: Rivet cylinder, 5-1-1: Positioning groove, 5 -2: Lower rivet cap.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1-4 , this embodiment is described, a self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit, which includes a riveting tool 1 , an upper riveting plate 2 , a lower riveting plate 3 , a non-convolutional body riveting hole 4 , and a riveting tool 1 . The rivet 5, the upper riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3 are both provided with non-circular body riveting holes 4, the rivet 5 is placed in the non-circular body riveting hole 4 and penetrates the upper riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3, The riveting tool 1 is arranged directly above the non-circular body rivet hole 4 and the rivet 5 and is connected with the rivet 5 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the riveting tool 1 includes a clamping part 1-1, a transition part 1-2 and a shoulder part 1-3, and the clamping part 1-1 is provided with a positioning plane 1-1- 1. It can be connected to structures including but not limited to lathes, milling machines, drilling machines, friction stir welding machines, etc., and has the feature that the structure can be processed according to the clamping requirements of the machine tool. The transition portion 1-2 is connected to the clamping portion 1-1 and the shaft shoulder portion 1-3. The transition portion 1-2 is provided with a plurality of cooling grooves 1-2-1 with concentric circular groove structures to avoid riveting Welding tool 1 overheated and failed. The shoulder portion 1-3 is used to directly contact and rub the rivet 5 and cause the rivet 5 to be deformed and filled into the non-circular body rivet hole 4. The shoulder portion 1-3 is provided with a rounded corner 1-3-1 to avoid The riveting tool 1 damages the upper riveting plate 2, and the bottom surface of the shoulder portion 1-3 is provided with a concave hole 1-3-2, which accommodates part of the rivet 5 material to form the upper rivet cap, and the concave hole 1-3-2 is provided in the There are bumps 1-3-3 to prevent the rivet 5 from deviating from the axis.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , both the riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3 are provided with non-revolution body riveting holes 4 , and the non-revolving body riveting holes 4 are secondary rotationally symmetrical riveting holes 4-A and four rotationally symmetrical riveting holes 4 -B or six rotationally symmetrical rivet holes 4-C, or other types of rotationally symmetrical structures, the rotational structure is used to limit the relative rotation between the rivet 5 and the non-rotational rivet hole 4, and play the role of rotational self-locking.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the rivet 5 includes a rivet cylinder 5-1 and a lower rivet cap 5-2, the rivet cylinder 5-1 is connected with the lower rivet cap 5-2, and the center of the end face of the rivet cylinder 5-1 is provided with a The positioning groove 5-1-1 is matched with the convex point 1-3-3 of the shaft shoulder 1-3 to prevent the rivet 5 from deviating from the axis.

The material of the riveting tool 1 includes but is not limited to high-speed tool steel, cemented carbide, tungsten-rhenium alloy or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and other materials. The material hardness of the riveting tool 1 is not lower than that of the rivet 5 . The material of the rivet 5 includes but is not limited to nickel-based superalloy and other materials, the material of the upper riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3 includes but not limited to materials such as metal matrix composite materials, the material of the upper riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3 and rivets 5 are the same or not. The length of the rivet 5 is greater than the depth of the non-convolutional body rivet hole 4, the diameter of the rivet 5 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the non-convolutional body riveting hole 4, and the volume of the rivet 5 protruding from the upper riveting plate 2 is not less than the unfilled volume of the non-convolutional body riveting hole 4 .

This embodiment is a riveting method for a self-filling friction riveting device with a rotational limit, which includes the following steps:

Step 1: Pre-place the rivet 5 in the rivet hole 4 of the non-convolutional body and penetrate the upper riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3;

Step 2: Place the riveting tool 1 directly above the non-convolutional body riveting hole 4 and the rivet 5, align the axis of the riveting and welding tool 1 with the axis of the non-circular body riveting hole 4, and connect the riveting and welding tool 1 to the rivet 5;

Step 3: The riveting tool 1 is rotated and pressed down at a certain speed until the shaft shoulders 1-3 are at a certain distance from the upper surface of the upper riveting plate 2;

Step 4: Rotational friction occurs between the riveting tool 1 and the rivet 5 and deformation heat is generated, so that the rivet 5 is thermally plasticized and automatically fills the non-circular body riveting hole 4 under the extrusion action of the riveting tool 1, thereby forming a rotary self-locking structure;

Step 5: The riveting tool 1 is withdrawn, and the upper riveting plate 2, the lower riveting plate 3, the non-circular body riveting holes 4 and the deformed rivets 5 together form a riveting and welding structure with a rotational limit function.

The rotation speed of the riveting welding tool 1 is 50-20000 rpm, the pressing speed is 0.1-1000 mm/min, and the termination condition of the riveting welding is that the distance between the shoulders 1-3 and the upper surface of the upper riveting plate 2 is 0.01-2 mm. If the materials of the rivet 5, the upper riveting plate 2 and the lower riveting plate 3 are sensitive to air at high temperature, gas protection measures, such as argon gas and helium gas protection, can be selected during the riveting process. If the softening temperature of the rivet 5 is too high, and it is difficult to soften only by the heat caused by the high-speed rotation and friction of the rivet welding tool 1, methods such as flame roasting and high-frequency electromagnetic induction heating can be used to assist heating.

The self-filling friction riveting device and riveting method provided by the present invention are described above in detail. Specific examples are used in this paper to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The description of the embodiment is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scope. Above, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit, characterized in that: it comprises a riveting tool (1), an upper riveting plate (2), a lower riveting plate (3), a non-rotating body riveting hole (4) and a rivet (5), the upper riveting plate (2) and the lower riveting plate (3) are provided with non-circular body riveting holes (4), and the rivets (5) are placed in the non-circular body riveting holes (4) and penetrates through the upper riveting plate (2) and the lower riveting plate (3), the riveting tool (1) is arranged directly above the non-convolutional body rivet hole (4) and the rivet (5) and is connected with the rivet ( 5) Connected. 2. A self-filling friction riveting device with a rotational limit according to claim 1, wherein the riveting tool (1) comprises a clamping part (1-1), a transition part ( 1-2) and the shaft shoulder (1-3), the clamping part (1-1) is provided with a positioning plane (1-1-1), and the transition part (1-2) is connected to the clamping part (1-1) and the shoulder portion (1-3), the transition portion (1-2) is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation grooves (1-2-1) with a concentric groove structure, and the shoulder portion ( 1-3) is provided with rounded corners (1-3-1), and the bottom surface of the shaft shoulder (1-3) is provided with a concave hole (1-3-2), and the inside of the concave hole (1-3-2) A bump (1-3-3) is provided. 3. A self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the non-circular body riveting hole (4) is a secondary rotationally symmetrical riveting hole (4-A) ), four rotationally symmetrical riveting holes (4-B) or six rotationally symmetrical rivet holes (4-C). 4. A self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit according to claim 1, wherein the rivet (5) comprises a rivet cylinder (5-1) and a lower rivet cap (5) -2), the rivet cylinder (5-1) is connected with the lower rivet cap (5-2), and the center of the end face of the rivet cylinder (5-1) is provided with a positioning groove (5-1-1). 5. A self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the riveting tool (1) is made of high-speed tool steel, cemented carbide, tungsten-rhenium Alloy or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, the material hardness of the riveting tool (1) is not lower than the material hardness of the rivet (5). 6. A self-filling friction riveting device with rotational position limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the rivet (5) is a nickel-based superalloy, and the upper riveting plate (2) ) and the lower riveting plate (3) are made of metal matrix composite material. 7. A self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the rivet (5) is greater than the depth of the The diameter of the rivet (5) is smaller than the inner diameter of the non-convolutional body riveting hole (4), and the volume of the rivet (5) protruding from the upper riveting plate (2) is not less than the unfilled volume of the non-convolutional body riveting hole (4). 8. The riveting method of the self-filling friction riveting device with rotational limit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: Step 1: pre-place the rivet (5) in the non-convolutional body riveting hole (4) and penetrate the upper riveting plate (2) and the lower riveting plate (3); Step 2: Place the riveting tool (1) directly above the rivet hole (4) and the rivet (5) in the non-revolving body, align the axis of the riveting tool (1) with the axis of the non-revolving body riveting hole (4), The tool (1) is connected with the rivet (5); Step 3: The riveting tool (1) is rotated and pressed down at a certain speed until the shaft shoulder (1-3) is at a certain distance from the upper surface of the upper riveting plate (2); Step 4: The riveting tool (1) and the rivet (5) generate rotational friction and generate deformation heat, so that the rivet (5) is thermally plasticized and automatically filled in the non-convolutional rivet hole ( 4), thereby forming a rotary self-locking structure; Step 5: The riveting and welding tool (1) is withdrawn, the upper riveting plate (2), the lower riveting plate (3), the non-circular body riveting hole (4) and the deformed rivet (5) together form a rotation limit function riveted structure. 9 . The riveting method of a self-filling friction riveting device with a rotational limit according to claim 8 , wherein the rotation speed of the riveting tool ( 1 ) is 50-20000 rpm, and the lower The pressing speed is 0.1-1000 mm/min, and the termination condition of the riveting welding is that the distance between the shaft shoulder (1-3) and the upper surface of the upper riveting plate (2) is 0.01-2 mm. 10. The riveting method of a self-filling friction riveting device with a rotational limit according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the riveting process, argon or helium is used as a gas protection measure, and the riveting During the process, flame roasting or electromagnetic induction heating can be used to assist heating.

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