CN113715308B - Adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

An adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device and method comprises the following steps: hold-down mechanism, flexible bullet pad subassembly and a plurality of range upon range of regulating lever subassembly that from top to bottom set gradually and be used for the six degrees of freedom work ends that take shape, wherein: one end of the piece to be formed is arranged between the pressing mechanism and the flexible elastic cushion assembly, the flexible elastic cushion assembly envelopes the outer surface formed by one side of the stacked adjusting rod assembly, and the six-degree-of-freedom working end is positioned on the outer side of the piece to be formed to bend and deform the piece. The invention changes the change of the curvature of the die surface by adjusting the extension and retraction of the adjusting rod component until the shape of the preset curved surface of the piece to be formed; the adjusting rod assemblies are cooperatively controlled, so that the change of curvatures of different die surfaces is realized, and the flanging forming of materials with different sizes by the same platform is realized.

Description

Adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a technology in the field of sheet metal parts manufacturing, in particular to an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device and method.

Background technique

The existing production of flanging parts mainly includes two forming methods: manual hammering and fixed mold flanging. Flanging parts will spring back during the forming process. Manual hammering to adjust the springback is inefficient, labor intensity is high, and environmental noise is high. Using a fixed mold for flanging forming requires corresponding molds for different products, and the mold utilization rate is low. , the development cost is high, the production cycle is long; and the amount of flanging springback cannot be adjusted and compensated when the mold is fixed, the force is uneven, and the forming accuracy is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device and method, which can change the change of the curvature of the die surface by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the adjusting rod assembly until the preset curved surface of the part to be formed is formed. shape; the adjustment rod components of the present invention are controlled cooperatively to realize the change of the curvature of different die surfaces, and realize the same platform to complete the flanging forming of materials of different sizes.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The invention relates to an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device. , wherein: one end of the part to be formed is arranged between the pressing mechanism and the flexible spring washer assembly, the flexible spring washer assembly envelops the outer surface formed by one side of the stacked adjusting rod assembly, and the six-degree-of-freedom working end is located on the outside of the to-be-formed part Bend it.

The adjusting rod assembly includes: an electric push rod and an adjusting rod connected with it, and at least one steel ball movably arranged in the adjusting rod through a connecting pin, wherein: the electric push rod and the adjusting rod are connected by a coupling, and at least one The steel ball is in point contact with the flexible spring washer assembly.

The adjusting rod assembly is connected with an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit to realize the independent control of each adjusting rod assembly and the adjustment of the shape of the enveloping surface. The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit includes: : information receiving module, information comparison calculation module and flanging control module, wherein: the information reception module is connected with the grating displacement sensor and transmits the displacement information, the information comparison calculation module compares and calculates the local adjustment displacement with the theoretical results according to the displacement information According to the local adjustment displacement information, the flanging control module regulates the adjustment rod assembly to perform springback compensation, and through cyclic iteration until a qualified flanging part is formed.

The invention relates to an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming method of the above-mentioned device. According to the surface processing requirements of the to-be-formed part, the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit adjusts the expansion and contraction of the adjusting rod assembly until the After the enveloping surface conforms to the shape of the preset surface of the part to be formed, the forming is realized by the six-degree-of-freedom working end.

technical effect

The invention as a whole solves the problems of low mold utilization rate and long production cycle of the existing flanging forming technology;

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adjusts the expansion and contraction of the adjusting rod assembly through the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit, and adjusts the position of the adjusting rod assembly in a targeted manner to change the change of the curvature of the die surface until the molding is to be formed. The shape of the preset curved surface of the part has the characteristics of flexibility, no mold, and the surface can be reconfigured. It can realize the flanging forming of materials of different sizes on the same platform, which is efficient and fast, adapts to on-site adjustment operations, and greatly reduces the development cycle of formed parts. It can compensate and adjust the springback amount in real time, which can effectively improve the problem of low mold utilization rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flexible spring cushion assembly;

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the adjustment rod assembly;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the molded part of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the die gap for multiple adjustment of the compensation amount according to the embodiment;

In the picture: 1 pressing mechanism, 2 flexible spring washer components, 3 adjusting rod components, 4 grating linear displacement sensor, 5 adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit, 6 rotary wheels, 21 polyurethane backing plate, 23 steel Backing plate, 31 electric push rod, 33 coupling, 35 adjusting rod, 37 steel ball, 39 connecting pin, 351 cylinder, 352 cylinder, 7 parts to be formed.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , this embodiment relates to an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device, including: a pressing mechanism 1 , a flexible spring washer assembly 2 and a number of stacked The adjusting rod assembly 3 and the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6 for forming, wherein: one end of the to-be-formed part 7 is arranged between the pressing mechanism 1 and the flexible spring washer assembly 2, and the flexible spring washer assembly 2 envelops the stacked adjusting rod The outer surface formed on one side of the component 3, the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6 is located on the outer side of the to-be-formed part 7 to bend and deform it.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the flexible spring pad assembly 2 includes: at least one steel pad 23 and polyurethane pads 21 correspondingly disposed on both sides thereof, specifically a sandwich of polyurethane pad-steel pad-polyurethane pad Structure or polyurethane backing plate-steel backing plate-polyurethane backing plate-steel backing plate-polyurethane backing plate five-layer sandwich structure two structural forms, according to the flange curvature size requirements of the to-be-formed part 7, choose flexible elastics of different specifications pad assembly.

The polyurethane backing plate 21 and the steel backing plate 23 are preferably connected by adhesive.

As shown in FIG. 1 , one end of the flexible spring washer assembly 2 is provided with a grating linear displacement sensor 4 for detecting the dimensional displacement change of the to-be-formed part 7 . When the grating type linear displacement sensor 4 is moved, the two gratings in the grating linear displacement sensor 4 will be displaced relative to each other, the light intensity on the photocell changes with the movement of the moire fringes, and the counter will record the number of fringes that the grating moves through, that is, the forming process occurs during the forming process. Displacement change and deformation displacement rebound amount, finally the grating linear displacement sensor 4 inputs the displacement information into the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5 in the form of a voltage signal to realize the independent return of each adjustment rod assembly 3. Bomb compensation control.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the adjustment rod assembly 3 includes: an electric push rod 31 and an adjustment rod 35 connected to it, and at least one steel ball 37 movably arranged in the adjustment rod 35 through a connecting pin 39 , wherein: the electric push rod The rod 31 and the adjusting rod 35 are connected by a coupling 33, and at least one steel ball 37 is in point contact with the flexible spring washer assembly 2.

The adjusting rod 35 is a two-section cylindrical structure. The diameter of one cylinder 351 is larger than the diameter of the other cylinder 352 .

The adjusting rod assemblies 3 are arranged in order in the longitudinal direction, and the number of the adjusting rod assemblies 3 in the longitudinal direction is 4 to 6. In the longitudinal direction, the number of steel balls 37 on the adjusting rod assembly 3 is arranged in an arithmetic progression , the number of steel balls on the adjustment rod assembly on the lower layer is 1-2 more than the number of steel balls on the adjustment rod assembly on the upper layer.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the adjusting rod assemblies 3 are all individually controlled, and under the regulation of the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5 , each adjusting rod assembly 3 can reach its designated position.

The stacking refers to that there is an installation gap of 0.5-1.0mm between the adjusting rod assemblies 3 on each layer to prevent the adjusting rod assemblies 3 from interfering with each other during the expansion and contraction process; lubricating oil is applied between the adjusting rod assemblies 3 to reduce the The adjustment rod assembly 3 rubs during expansion and contraction.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the present embodiment relates to the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming method of the above device, including:

The first step is to calculate the flanging curvature data according to the flanging requirements of the part to be formed;

In the second step, the data is imported into the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5, and the adjusting rod assembly 3 is adjusted to reach the designated position to form a multi-point envelope surface;

The third step is to carry out an adjustable multi-point progressive flanging finite element analysis of the to-be-formed part. Under the action of the tool head 6 whose pose is controlled by an industrial six-axis robot, the to-be-formed part and the flexible spring pad assembly 2 are bent at a certain angle. The curvature is deformed, and the to-be-formed part springs back after forming, and the relationship between the flanging curvature and the springback compensation is obtained through finite element analysis;

The fourth step is to carry out experimental verification and optimization of the finite element analysis results. Under the action of the tool head 6 controlled by the industrial six-axis robot, the to-be-formed part and the flexible spring pad assembly 2 are deformed with a certain bending curvature, and the flexible The grating linear displacement sensor 4 provided on the spring washer assembly 2 detects the dimensional displacement change of the part to be formed during the forming process, and inputs the displacement information of the grating linear displacement sensor 4 into the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5, The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5 regulates the adjustment rod assembly 3 to perform springback compensation, and optimizes the relationship between the flanging curvature and the springback compensation amount, so that the obtained relationship meets the flanging requirements of the part to be formed. .

The fifth step is to input the obtained relational expression into the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5, and according to the flanging requirements of the part to be formed, the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5 regulates the adjustment rod assembly. 3 When the specified position is reached, the flanged parts that meet the requirements are formed.

In the sixth step, under the action of the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6, the flexible spring pad assembly 2 is close to the to-be-formed part and undergoes bending deformation, and the bending curvature of the flexible spring-cushion assembly 2 is equal to that of the to-be-formed part.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, the said to-be-formed part 7 is arranged on the upper surface of the flexible spring cushion assembly 2. The flexible spring cushion assembly 2 is a plane before forming, and under the action of the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6 , the flexible spring cushion assembly 2 is close to the to-be-formed part 7, and bending deformation occurs, the bending curvature of the flexible spring-cushion assembly 2 is equal to the bending curvature of the to-be-formed part 7, and the flexible spring cushion assembly 2 and the to-be-formed part 7 wait for time, Bending deformation occurs with constant curvature and constant velocity.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6 is driven by a six-axis robot, and the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6 has six degrees of freedom, which can be performed in the axial, radial and circumferential directions. feed and rotation.

As shown in FIG. 5 , for the 6063 aluminum alloy sheet material to be formed 7 with a thickness of 2 mm in this embodiment, the size of the flanging piece to be formed is: the radius of the arc is 1000 mm, and the curvature is 0.001.

Specifically, according to the flanging requirements of the part to be formed 7, the flanging curvature data is calculated; the data is imported into the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit 5, and the adjusting rod assembly 3 is regulated to reach the designated position, forming a multi-point flanging Under the action of the six-degree-of-freedom working end 6, the to-be-formed part 7 and the flexible spring cushion assembly 2 are deformed with a certain bending curvature, and finally a flanged part that meets the requirements is formed.

After specific experiments, the maximum die-fitting gap of the flanging piece obtained by this method is less than 0.5 mm, which is far lower than the maximum die-fitting gap of 2.85 mm obtained by the existing flanging forming technology.

Compared with the existing flanging technology, which requires 10 hours of man-hours for one-time mold repair, and requires multiple mold repairs, the present invention calculates and adjusts the position of the adjustment rod assembly 3 according to the rebound amount of the part, and the time required to finally form a qualified part is only 0.6 hours, which greatly improves the forming efficiency; compared with the maximum die-fitting gap of 2.85 mm obtained for the flanging piece in the prior art, the present invention can make the maximum die-fitting gap less than 0.5 mm, which significantly improves the forming quality.

The above-mentioned specific implementation can be partially adjusted by those skilled in the art in different ways without departing from the principle and purpose of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims and is not limited by the above-mentioned specific implementation. Each implementation within the scope is bound by the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device, characterized in that it comprises: a pressing mechanism, a flexible spring washer assembly, a number of stacked adjustment rod assemblies and a six-free The working end, wherein: one end of the part to be formed is set between the pressing mechanism and the flexible spring washer assembly, and the flexible spring washer assembly envelopes the outer surface formed by one side of the stacked adjusting rod assembly, that is, the envelope curved surface, with six degrees of freedom. The working end is located on the outside of the to-be-formed part to bend and deform it; The adjusting rod assembly includes: an electric push rod and an adjusting rod connected with it, and at least one steel ball movably arranged in the adjusting rod through a connecting pin, wherein: the electric push rod and the adjusting rod are connected by a coupling, and at least one The steel ball is in point contact with the flexible spring washer assembly. 2. The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting rod is a two-section cylindrical structure, the diameter of one section of the cylinder is larger than the diameter of the other section, and the steel ball is fixedly arranged on the On a cylinder, the diameter of the steel ball is directly equal to that of the cylinder. 3 . The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device according to claim 1 , wherein the adjusting rod assemblies are arranged in an orderly manner in the longitudinal direction, and the number of the adjusting rod assemblies in the longitudinal direction is 4 to 3 . 6. In the longitudinal direction, the number of steel balls on the adjusting rod assembly is arranged in an arithmetic progression, and the number of steel balls on the adjusting rod assembly on the lower layer is 1-2 more than the number of steel balls on the adjusting rod assembly on the upper layer. 4. The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjusting rod assembly is connected with the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit to realize each adjustment The independent control of the rod assembly and the adjustment of the shape of the envelope surface, the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic control unit includes: an information receiving module, an information comparison calculation module and a flanging control module, wherein: the information receiving module and the grating displacement The sensor is connected and transmits the displacement information. The information comparison calculation module compares and calculates the local adjustment displacement with the theoretical results according to the displacement information. The flanging control module adjusts the adjustment rod assembly according to the local adjustment displacement information to perform springback compensation. Qualified flanging parts are produced. 5. The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stacking means that there is an installation gap of 0.5-1.0 mm between each layer of adjustment rod components, Prevent the adjustment rod assemblies from interfering with each other during the expansion and contraction process; apply lubricating oil between the adjustment rod assemblies to reduce the friction of the adjustment rod assemblies during the expansion and contraction process. 6. The adjustable multi-point progressive flanging forming method of the forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, according to the curved surface processing requirements of the part to be formed, the adjustable multi-point progressive flanging electronic The control unit adjusts the expansion and contraction of the adjusting rod assembly until the envelope curved surface of the adjusting rod assembly conforms to the shape of the preset curved surface of the to-be-formed part, and then realizes forming through the six-degree-of-freedom working end.

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