CN113702762A - Power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity - Google Patents
Power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
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Abstract
A power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity belongs to the technical field of power system fault distance measurement. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1001-1002, detecting a single-phase earth fault in real time by a power distribution terminal; step 1003, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window; 1004-1005, establishing an overdetermined equation set with the fault line parameters as unknowns and solving; step 1006, determining whether the line topology and the parameters of each segment of the line are known; step 1007, calculating to obtain a fault distance and a fault point transition resistance; and step 1008, outputting zero sequence impedance parameters from the power distribution terminal to the fault point and transition resistance of the fault point. In the power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using the zero sequence information quantity, the fault distance measurement function of the small current earth fault can be realized by using the fault point upstream device, the number of terminals is reduced, the cost for realizing the distance measurement function is reduced, and the problem of inaccurate distance measurement result of a double-end distance measurement algorithm is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
A power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity belongs to the technical field of power system fault distance measurement.
Background
A neutral point is commonly grounded through an arc suppression coil in a 10-35 kV medium-voltage distribution network in China, and the fault positioning problem troubles the power supply operation department for a long time. The single-phase earth fault protection technology of the power distribution network can be divided into three types, namely fault line selection, fault section positioning and fault distance measurement, wherein the fault line selection and fault section positioning technology is practical to a certain extent at present, and the accuracy and reliability of the existing fault distance measurement technology are difficult to guarantee, so that the single-phase earth fault protection technology is difficult to further popularize and put into practical use.
In the prior art, widely applied power distribution network fault location methods mainly comprise a traveling wave method and an intelligent location algorithm, wherein the accuracy and reliability of traveling wave location are difficult to ensure due to the fact that a power distribution network is complex in topological structure, many branch lines exist, the rising speed of a traveling wave head is slow, the waveform of the traveling wave is very complex, and the identification difficulty is high; the intelligent ranging algorithm is strong in innovation, but is not mature and complete in principle, and cannot be put into practical application.
The method can be divided into a single-end method and a double-end method according to the information quantity source. The double-end method needs the first and the last terminals of the line to carry out clock synchronization and low-delay data transmission, so that the cost is high and the practical application difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method for measuring the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network by using the zero sequence information quantity overcomes the defects of the prior art, can realize the fault distance measurement function of the small current earth fault by using the zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current signals measured by a fault point upstream device, reduces the number of terminals, reduces the cost for realizing the distance measurement function, and simultaneously avoids the problem that the distance measurement result is inaccurate due to factors such as clock synchronization errors of a double-end distance measurement algorithm.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measuring method using the zero sequence information quantity comprises a power distribution terminal installed on a power distribution line, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1001, detecting a single-phase earth fault condition in a line in real time by a power distribution terminal;
Preferably, the fault components described in step 1003 include a zero-sequence voltage component and a zero-sequence current component.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the zero-sequence voltage drop Δ u (t) of the faulty line in step 1003 is as follows:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence resistance parameter, zero sequence inductance parameter and zero sequence capacitance parameter respectively representing unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFFor fault point transition resistance, U0(t) represents the zero sequence voltage i collected by the terminal0And (t) represents the zero sequence current collected by the terminal.
Preferably, the overdetermined equation set in step 1004 is:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence impedance parameter for unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFTransition resistance for fault point, t1、t2……tnEach representing a respective sample point within a fixed time window, the index 1, 2, … … n representing the number of sample points within the fixed time window, i0(t1)、i0(t2)、……i0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence current at time, Δ u (t)1)、Δu(t2)、……Δu(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero-sequence voltage drop of the fault line at the moment; u shape0(t1)、U0(t2)、……U0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnAnd zero sequence voltage collected by the terminal at any moment.
Preferably, the coefficient matrix in step 1005 is SUIThe unknown quantity matrix is Z, the constant matrix is S△UAre respectively:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence impedance parameter for unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFTransition resistance for fault point, t1、t2……tnEach representing a respective sample point within a fixed time window, the index 1, 2, … … n representing the number of sample points within the fixed time window, i0(t1)、i0(t2)、……i0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence current at time, Δ u (t)1)、Δu(t2)、……Δu(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence voltage drop, U, of a line with a time fault0(t1)、U0(t2)、……U0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnAnd zero sequence voltage collected by the terminal at any moment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using the zero sequence information quantity, the fault distance measurement function of the small current earth fault can be realized by using the zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current signals measured by the fault point upstream device, the number of terminals is reduced, the cost for realizing the distance measurement function is reduced, and the problem of inaccurate distance measurement result caused by factors such as clock synchronization error and the like of a double-end distance measurement algorithm is avoided.
The technology adopts the fault phase voltage in a fixed time window during normal operation to replace the equivalent voltage source voltage at the fault point, and the equivalent process has higher correctness and feasibility; the technology calculates the line parameters between the installation position of the device and the fault point through the differential equation of the equivalent circuit, and is not influenced by the fault type (such as intermittent arc grounding) of the fault point, and the differential equation based on the line parameters is true for any form of excitation signals and is not limited by signals with certain frequency.
The zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current signals can be acquired through traditional power frequency sensor acquisition or three-phase synthesis, additional primary equipment is not needed, other primary equipment is not needed to be matched, and the practical application value is high.
The technology can directly calculate the fault distance by using the branch line device, and reduces the cost of installing equipment at the tail end by using a double-end distance measurement scheme.
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Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is further described below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring a distance of a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network by using zero sequence information quantity includes the following steps:
and the power distribution terminal installed on the power distribution line detects the single-phase earth fault condition in the line in real time.
the power distribution terminal judges whether a single-phase earth fault occurs in a downstream line, if the single-phase earth fault occurs, step 1003 is executed, and if the single-phase earth fault does not occur, the step 1001 is returned.
when the power distribution terminal detects that a single-phase earth fault occurs in a downstream line, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window before and after the fault occurs, wherein the fault components are zero-sequence voltage components and zero-sequence current components, and the zero-sequence voltage components and the zero-sequence current components can be obtained through three-phase synthesis or a zero-sequence mutual inductor.
The phase voltage before the fault line fault occurs is recorded as u by the power distribution terminalH(t), the zero sequence voltage after the single-phase earth fault occurs is recorded as u0(t) zero sequence current after fault is i0(t) and converting-uHAnd (t) is equivalent to zero sequence voltage of a fault point. Defining the zero-sequence voltage drop of the fault line as delta u (t), wherein the delta u (t) is u0(t)-(-uH(t))。
Further obtaining a calculation formula of the zero sequence voltage drop delta u (t) of the fault line:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence resistance parameter, zero sequence inductance parameter and zero sequence capacitance parameter respectively representing unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFFor fault point transition resistance, U0(t) represents the zero sequence voltage i collected by the terminal0And (t) represents the zero sequence current collected by the terminal.
establishing an overdetermined equation set based on fault line parameters according to fault component data in a fixed time window after a fault, wherein the equation is as follows:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence impedance parameter for unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFTransition resistance for fault point, t1、t2……tnEach sample point is represented within a fixed time window, and the subscript 1, 2, … … n represents the number of sample points within the fixed time window, the specific value of which is determined by the terminal sampling frequency and the length of the time window. i.e. i0(t1)、i0(t2)、……i0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence current at the moment. Δ u (t)1)、Δu(t2)、……Δu(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence voltage drop, U, of a line with a time fault0(t1)、U0(t2)、……U0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnAnd zero sequence voltage collected by the terminal at any moment.
solving the over-determined equation set obtained in the step 1004 by using a least square method, and further obtaining zero sequence impedance parameters from the power distribution terminal to the fault point: zero sequence resistance parameter dr from power distribution terminal to fault point0Zero sequence inductance parameter dl from power distribution terminal to fault point0Zero sequence capacitance parameter dc from power distribution terminal to fault point0Wherein d is the distance to failure; and a fault point transition resistance RFThe matrix of correlation: coefficient matrix is SUIThe unknown quantity matrix is Z, the constant matrix is S△U；
Coefficient matrix is SUIThe unknown quantity matrix is Z, the constant matrix is S△U. The expressions are respectively as follows:
the normal system of equations is:
T＝[SUI SΔU]
t is a positive definite matrix, and three-phase decomposition is carried out on the positive definite matrix.
the distribution terminal determines whether the line topology information and the line parameters of each segment are known, if so, step 1007 is executed, and if not, step 1008 is executed.
after solving the over-determined equation set by using the least square method, the numerical value of each constituent element in the matrix Z, that is, the product of the zero-sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the fault distance d, is obtained in the solution result: dl (dl)0、dr0Or the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the square of the fault distance d: d2l0r0、d2r0c0And a fault point transition resistance RFWhen the topology of the downstream line of the power distribution terminal and the zero sequence unit parameter r of each section0、l0、c0When known, the fault distance d and the fault point transition resistance R can be directly obtainedF。
when the topology of the downstream line of the power distribution terminal and the zero sequence unit parameter r of each section0、l0、c0When unknown, directly outputting the product of the unit length zero sequence impedance parameter obtained by solving the over-determined equation set and the fault distance d: dl (dl)0、dr0Or the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the square of the fault distance d：d2l0r0、d2r0c0And a fault point transition resistance RF。
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity comprises a distribution terminal installed on a distribution line, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1001, detecting a single-phase earth fault condition in a line in real time by a power distribution terminal;
step 1002, the power distribution terminal judges whether a downstream line of the power distribution terminal has a single-phase earth fault, if so, step 1003 is executed, and if not, the step 1001 is returned;
step 1003, when the power distribution terminal detects that a single-phase earth fault occurs in a downstream line, the power distribution terminal records fault components in a fixed time window before and after the fault occurs, and obtains zero-sequence voltage drop of the fault line;
step 1004, establishing an overdetermined equation set based on fault line parameters according to fault component data in a fixed time window after the fault;
step 1005, solving the overdetermined equation set obtained in the step 1004 by using a least square method, and further obtaining zero sequence impedance parameters from the power distribution terminal to a fault point: zero sequence resistance parameter dr from power distribution terminal to fault point0Zero sequence inductance parameter dl from power distribution terminal to fault point0Zero sequence capacitance parameter dc from power distribution terminal to fault point0Wherein d is the distance to failure; and a fault point transition resistance RFThe matrix of correlation: the coefficient matrix isSUIThe unknown quantity matrix is Z, the constant matrix is S△U；
Step 1006, the power distribution terminal judges whether the line topology information and the parameters of each section of line are known, if so, step 1007 is executed, and if not, step 1008 is executed;
step 1007, the power distribution terminal judges the topology information of the line and the parameters of each section of line according to the known information, and according to each element of the unknown quantity matrix Z in step 1005: product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance d: dl (dl)0、dr0Or the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the square of the fault distance d: d2l0r0、d2r0c0And a fault point transition resistance RFCalculating to obtain the fault distance d and the fault point transition resistance RF；
Step 1008, outputting, by the power distribution terminal, the unknown quantity matrix in step 1007 to be each element in Z: product of zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and fault distance d: dl (dl)0、dr0Or the product of the zero sequence impedance parameter per unit length and the square of the fault distance d: d2l0r0、d2r0c0And a fault point transition resistance RF。
2. The power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fault components described in step 1003 include a zero-sequence voltage component and a zero-sequence current component.
3. The power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1003, the calculation formula of the zero-sequence voltage drop Δ u (t) of the fault line is as follows:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence resistance parameter, zero sequence inductance parameter and zero sequence capacitance parameter respectively representing unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFFor fault point transition resistance, U0(t) represents the zero sequence voltage i collected by the terminal0And (t) represents the zero sequence current collected by the terminal.
4. The power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the overdetermined system of equations described in step 1004 is:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence impedance parameter for unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFTransition resistance for fault point, t1、t2……tnEach representing a respective sample point within a fixed time window, the index 1, 2, … … n representing the number of sample points within the fixed time window, i0(t1)、i0(t2)、……i0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence current, U of time0Representing the zero sequence voltage, Δ u (t), acquired by the terminal1)、Δu(t2)、……Δu(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence voltage drop, U, of a line with a time fault0(t1)、U0(t2)、……U0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnAnd zero sequence voltage collected by the terminal at any moment.
5. The power distribution network single-phase earth fault distance measurement method using zero sequence information quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1005, the coefficient matrix is SUIThe unknown quantity matrix is Z, the constant matrix is S△UAre respectively:
wherein r is0、l0、c0Zero sequence impedance parameter for unit length of fault line, d is fault distance, RFTransition resistance for fault point, t1、t2……tnEach representing a respective sample point within a fixed time window, the index 1, 2, … … n representing the number of sample points within the fixed time window, i0(t1)、i0(t2)、……i0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence current, U of time0Representing the zero sequence voltage, Δ u (t), acquired by the terminal1)、Δu(t2)、……Δu(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnZero sequence voltage drop, U, of a line with a time fault0(t1)、U0(t2)、……U0(tn) Respectively indicates t after the fault occurs1、t2、……tnAnd zero sequence voltage collected by the terminal at any moment.
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