CN113649685A

CN113649685A - Rotary clamp capable of adjusting coaxiality of workpiece axis and main axis and inertia friction welding machine

Info

Publication number: CN113649685A
Application number: CN202111123948.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毕海峰; 张刚; 孙宏伟; 郭德柱; 崔国跃; 朴宏国
Original assignee: Changchun Cnc Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Changchun Cnc Machine Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2021-09-24
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-24
Also published as: CN113649685B

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary clamp which can adjust the coaxiality between the axis of the workpiece and the main axis. The rotary support base is driven to rotate by the main shaft, and the rotary body is provided with a rotary clamp for clamping the work, and the rotary clamp can clamp the work; The body is connected in the rotary support seat through at least two rotary keys, and the rotary support seat transmits torque to the rotary body through the rotary keys, so the rotating gripper can drive the rotary body to rotate synchronously; the movement path of the rotary key is an arc, and the rotation The central axis of the body is symmetrically distributed in the center, so when the telescopic adjustment device arranged in the circumferential direction on the slewing support base cooperates with the telescopic movement, the resultant force applied to the slewing body changes the direction of the central axis to realize the adjustment of the adjustment coaxiality; When the workpiece is clamped, if the central axis is not aligned, the direction of the central axis can be adjusted by rotating the rotary body, and the workpiece does not need to be clamped repeatedly, which improves the efficiency of operation alignment. The inertia friction welding machine of the present invention can achieve the same technical effect.

Description

Rotary clamp capable of adjusting coaxiality of workpiece axis and main axis and inertia friction welding machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of friction welding, in particular to a rotary clamp capable of adjusting coaxiality of a workpiece axis and a main axis. In addition, the invention also relates to an inertia friction welding machine.

Background

The friction welding is a method for realizing welding by using friction heat generated by mutual friction between thermoplastic materials, during the friction welding, workpieces to be welded generate relative motion, meanwhile, proper axial pressure (friction pressure) is applied for friction to generate heat, a high-temperature plastic area is generated near the contact surface of the workpieces, when the temperature reaches the welding temperature, the relative motion between the workpieces is rapidly stopped, meanwhile, the axial pressure is increased to top forging pressure, and the pressure is properly maintained for a period of time, so that the workpieces to be welded can be firmly welded into a whole.

The existing heavy inertia welding machine mainly comprises a main motor, an overrunning clutch, a main shaft assembly, an inertia wheel assembly, a rotating clamp, a moving clamp and the like. The main motor drives the main shaft through the overrunning clutch, the rotary clamp is arranged at the front end of the main shaft, the rotary clamp clamps the welded workpiece to rotate along with the main shaft, and the main motor and the main shaft are separated and combined through the overrunning clutch.

As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the principle of friction welding, a rotary fixture 01 and a movable fixture 02 respectively clamp two workpieces to be welded, and the rotary fixture drives the left workpiece to rotate along with a main shaft; the movable sliding table enables the movable clamp to axially translate under the pushing of the main oil cylinder, and the axial force of the friction and upsetting process is from the pushing force of the main oil cylinder.

The rotary clamp is generally in an elastic chuck structure and is clamped by a rotary oil cylinder, and the rotary oil cylinder is supplied with oil by an oil distributor sleeved on a main shaft. Along with the expansion of friction welding machine to the aviation field, weldment diameter and welding area are constantly increaseing, and the weldment diameter has reached 1000mm, and the upset force breaks through 10000KN, and lathe gross weight reaches 650 tons. The coaxiality requirement of weldments in other fields of automobiles, engineering machinery and the like can reach several millimeters, the coaxiality requirement of an aero-engine compressor assembly, a turbine shaft assembly, a fan shaft assembly and the like during welding is not more than 0.15mm, the requirements of dimensional tolerance, form and position tolerance and the like of parts forming the welding machine are high, the parts are special-shaped and large in size, and the parts are machined extremely. At present, the coaxiality of a workpiece can not be adjusted during clamping, repeated clamping and alignment are needed, and the operation process is complex.

For those skilled in the art, how to adjust the coaxiality of the rotating workpiece quickly and accurately is a technical problem to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of a workpiece and a main axis, which can realize the quick and accurate adjustment of the coaxiality of the rotary workpiece without repeatedly clamping, and the specific scheme is as follows:

a rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis and the main axis of a workpiece comprises a rotary supporting seat and a rotary body, wherein the rotary supporting seat is driven by a main shaft to rotate, and a rotary clamping jaw for clamping the workpiece is arranged in the rotary body;

the revolving body is connected in the revolving support seat through at least two revolving keys, the movement path of the revolving keys is an arc line, and the revolving bodies are distributed in a central symmetry way by using the central axis of the revolving body; the rotary support seat transmits torque to the rotary body through the rotary key; at least three telescopic adjusting devices are arranged on the rotary supporting seat along the circumferential direction, and the telescopic ends of the telescopic adjusting devices are abutted to the outer surface of the rotary body to adjust the coaxiality.

Optionally, an arc-shaped key groove is formed in the outer surface of the revolving body, and the revolving key extends into the arc-shaped key groove.

Optionally, the rotation key comprises a cylindrical main body and a spherical surface plate arranged at the tail end, and the spherical surface plate extends into the arc-shaped key groove;

the ball panel has a length greater than a diameter of the body.

Optionally, the rotator includes a spherical portion and a cylindrical portion, the arc-shaped key slot is disposed on the spherical portion, and the telescopic adjusting device abuts against the cylindrical portion.

Optionally, the rotary clamping jaw is connected to the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder through a cross-shaped spherical coupling.

Optionally, a pressing bearing is arranged at the telescopic end of the telescopic adjusting device, and the pressing bearing contacts with the outer surface of the revolving body.

Optionally, the telescopic adjusting device comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer and a spiral connecting sleeve, the driving motor drives the spiral connecting sleeve to translate after the speed reducer reduces the speed, and the spiral connecting sleeve is installed on the jacking bearing through a fixing shaft.

Optionally, flexible adjusting device still includes the slide hydro-cylinder, the slide hydro-cylinder is installed on the fixing base, slidable mounting slide on the fixing base, driving motor the speed reducer with the adapter sleeve is installed on the slide.

Optionally, the telescopic adjusting device further comprises a detector for detecting coaxiality, and the controller adjusts the telescopic length of the telescopic adjusting device according to the detection value of the detector in a feedback mode.

The invention also provides an inertia friction welding machine which comprises the rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of the workpiece and the main axis.

The invention provides a rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of a workpiece and a main axis.A rotary supporting seat is driven by a main shaft to rotate, a rotary clamping jaw for clamping the workpiece is arranged in a rotary body, and the rotary clamping jaw can clamp the workpiece; the revolving body is connected in the revolving support seat through at least two revolving keys, and the revolving support seat transmits torque to the revolving body through the revolving keys, so that the revolving clamping jaws can drive the revolving body to synchronously rotate; the movement path of the rotary key is an arc line and is distributed in a central symmetry manner by using the central axis of the rotary body, so that when the telescopic adjusting devices arranged on the rotary support seat in the circumferential direction are matched with telescopic movement, the direction of the central axis of the rotary body is changed by applying resultant force to the rotary body, and the adjustment of the coaxiality is realized; when the rotary body is operated, after the workpiece is clamped, if the central axis is not aligned, the direction of the central axis is adjusted by rotating the rotary body, the workpiece does not need to be repeatedly clamped, and the operation alignment efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a friction weld;

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a rotary fixture of the present invention with adjustable workpiece axis coaxiality to the main axis in an elevational view;

FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of a portion of the dashed box I in FIG. 2A;

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2A;

FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a portion of the dashed rectangular box II in FIG. 3A;

fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic adjustment device 5;

FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the dashed box III in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 5A is a schematic view of the upward deflection of the revolving body;

FIG. 5B is a schematic view of the downward deflection of the revolving body;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the friction welding machine provided by the invention.

The figure includes:

the device comprises a rotary supporting seat 1, a rotary body 2, an arc-shaped key groove 21, a rotary clamping jaw 3, a rotary key 4, a main body 41, a spherical panel 42, a telescopic adjusting device 5, a jacking bearing 51, a driving motor 52, a speed reducer 53, a spiral connecting sleeve 54, a sliding seat oil cylinder 55, a fixed seat 56, a sliding seat 57, a cross spherical coupling 6 and a telescopic rod 7.

Detailed Description

The core of the invention is to provide a rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of the workpiece and the main axis, which does not need to be repeatedly clamped and realizes the quick and accurate adjustment of the coaxiality of the rotary workpiece.

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the rotating fixture with adjustable workpiece axis coaxial with the main axis of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a rotary jig for adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of a workpiece and the main axis according to the present invention in a front view, and FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged view of a dotted-line box I in FIG. 2A; the rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of the workpiece and the main axis comprises a rotary support seat 1, a rotary body 2, a rotary clamping jaw 3, a rotary key 4 and other structures, wherein the rotary support seat 1 is driven by a main shaft to rotate, and then the rotary support seat 1 drives the rotary body 2, the rotary clamping jaw 3, the rotary key 4 and other structures to synchronously rotate; the revolving body 2 is internally provided with a revolving clamping jaw 3 for clamping a workpiece, and when the workpiece is clamped, the workpiece synchronously rotates along with the revolving body 2.

The revolving body 2 is connected in the revolving support seat 1 through at least two revolving keys 4, the revolving key 4 is fixed on one part of the revolving body 2 or the revolving support seat 1, the other part is provided with a key groove, and the revolving key 4 can move along the key groove; the key groove is arc-shaped, the movement path of each rotary key 4 is arc-shaped, the movement paths of the rotary keys 4 are distributed in a central symmetry mode by using the central axis of the rotary body 2, and each rotary key 4 can move along the arc-shaped path. The rotation support seat 1 transmits torque to the rotation body 2 through the rotation key 4, so that the rotation body 2 and the rotation support seat 1 can synchronously rotate under the driving of the main shaft.

At least three telescopic adjusting devices 5 are arranged on the rotary supporting seat 1 along the circumferential direction, the three telescopic adjusting devices 5 are positioned at different positions in the circumferential direction, and the telescopic adjusting devices 5 are arranged around the rotary body 2 and are uniformly distributed at equal intervals; the telescopic end of the telescopic adjusting device 5 is abutted against the outer surface of the revolving body 2 to adjust the coaxiality, the telescopic end of the telescopic adjusting device 5 exerts acting force on the revolving body 2 from the circumferential direction by changing the length of the telescopic end, and the revolving body 2 deflects by resultant force applied by the telescopic end to change the central axis direction of the revolving body 2.

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2A; FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a portion of the dashed rectangular box II in FIG. 3A; the figure is provided with four telescopic adjusting devices 5, the four telescopic adjusting devices 5 are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, each telescopic adjusting device 5 and the revolving body 2 are provided with a contact point, and the revolving body 2 deflects through the telescopic cooperation of the four telescopic adjusting devices 5 to realize adjustment.

During machining, clamping a workpiece on the rotary clamping jaw 3, clamping and fixing the workpiece by the rotary clamping jaw 3, measuring the coaxiality of the workpiece, and if the coaxiality does not meet the requirement, mutually matching and stretching each stretching adjusting device 5 to exert an acting force on the revolving body 2 together to deflect the central axis of the revolving body 2 so that the axial line of the workpiece is synchronously adjusted; by adopting the rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of the workpiece and the main axis, repeated clamping is not needed in the process of adjusting the coaxiality of the workpiece, and the processing efficiency is improved.

On the basis of the scheme, as shown in fig. 2B, the invention arranges an arc-shaped key slot 21 on the outer surface of the revolving body 2, and the revolving key 4 extends into the arc-shaped key slot 21; that is, the rotation key 4 is fixed on the rotation support base 1, the rotation key 4 can do circular arc motion relative to the arc key groove 21, and the rotation center point is the center point of the circular arc. The arc-shaped key grooves 21 are distributed in central symmetry with the central axis of the revolving body 2, and the revolving body 2 can swing relative to the revolving key 4 to adjust the orientation of the central axis of the revolving body 2.

In addition to the above-mentioned structure of providing the arc-shaped key groove 21 on the rotator 2, an arc-shaped key groove may be provided on the rotation support seat 1, and a rotation key may be provided on the outer periphery of the rotator 2 in a matching manner, and these specific embodiments are all included in the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 2B, the rotation key 4 includes a cylindrical main body 41 and a spherical surface plate 42 disposed at the end, the spherical surface plate 42 is fixed at the end of the main body 41, the axial direction of the main body 41 is perpendicular to the tangential plane of the spherical surface plate 42, the spherical surface plate 42 extends into the arc-shaped key slot 21, and the spherical surface plate 42 is in arc contact with and matches with the bottom surface of the arc-shaped key slot 21; the length of the ball panel 42 is larger than the diameter of the main body 41, so that the stress area is increased, the pressure intensity is reduced, and the revolving body 2 can rotate more smoothly. The width of the ball panel 42 is equal to the diameter of the body 41 and exactly matches the width of the arcuate keyway 21.

Furthermore, the rotary clamping jaw 3 is connected to a telescopic rod 7 of the clamping oil cylinder through a cross spherical coupling 6; when the rotary clamping jaw 3 rotates synchronously with the revolving body 2 to be adjusted, the rotary clamping jaw is staggered with the axis between the telescopic rods 7, the rotary clamping jaw 3 can rotate randomly by adopting the cross spherical coupling 6, and the telescopic rods 7 are kept still in the adjusting process; referring to fig. 2A, when the telescopic rod 7 is extended and retracted, the telescopic rod 7 moves in the left-right direction, and when a workpiece is clamped, the telescopic rod 7 moves in the left direction to apply a pulling force to the cross-shaped spherical coupling 6, so that the rotary clamping jaw 3 clamps the workpiece; when the workpiece is loosened, the telescopic rod 7 moves rightwards, and the workpiece is loosened.

On the basis of any one of the above technical schemes and the combination thereof, the invention arranges the jacking bearing 51 at the telescopic end of the telescopic adjusting device 5, the jacking bearing 51 contacts the outer surface of the revolving body 2, and when the rotating clamping jaw 3 rotates, the jacking bearing 51 rolls relatively, thereby reducing the contact friction.

Fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic adjustment device 5; FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the dashed box III in FIG. 4A; the telescopic adjusting device 5 comprises a driving motor 52, a speed reducer 53 and a spiral connecting sleeve 54, the spiral connecting sleeve 54 is in threaded fit connection with an output shaft of the speed reducer 53, the driving motor 52 drives the spiral connecting sleeve 54 to translate after speed reduction and torque increase of the speed reducer 53, a fixed shaft is arranged on the spiral connecting sleeve 54, a jacking bearing 51 is arranged on the fixed shaft, and the rotary output of the driving motor 52 is converted into the translation motion of the jacking bearing 51.

The telescopic adjusting device 5 further comprises a sliding seat oil cylinder 55, the sliding seat oil cylinder 55 is installed on a fixed seat 56, the fixed seat 56 is fixed on the rotary supporting seat 1, a sliding seat 57 is installed on the fixed seat 56 in a sliding mode, and the sliding seat 57 can slide in a translation mode relative to the fixed seat 56; the driving motor 52, the speed reducer 53 and the spiral connecting sleeve 54 are arranged on a sliding seat 57 and are driven by the sliding seat 57 to translate together. The direction of movement of the slide 57 is parallel to the direction of independent movement of the top bearing 51.

During adjustment, the slide carriage oil cylinder 55 drives the slide carriage 57 to move, and the positions of the slide carriage 57 and the upper mounting part thereof are adjusted greatly; and then the driving motor 52 drives the jacking bearing 51 to move, the jacking bearing 51 accurately adjusts the movement of the jacking bearing 51, and the position of the revolving body 2 is accurately controlled.

The rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the workpiece axis and the main axis further comprises a detector for detecting the coaxiality, and the controller feeds back and adjusts the telescopic length of the telescopic adjusting device 5 according to the detection value of the detector. When the telescopic adjusting device works, the rotary clamping jaw 3 lightly clamps a workpiece, the detector is started, the spindle rotates at a low rotating speed, the coaxiality deviation of the axis of the rotary clamp and the axis of the spindle is calculated according to the detection result, and the controller adjusts the length of the telescopic adjusting device 5.

Fig. 5A and 5B are schematic views of upward yawing and downward yawing of the revolving body 2, respectively; for the case where the three pantograph adjustment sets 5 are distributed at three vertex angles of the equilateral triangle, the upward deflection of the revolving body 2 is calculated as follows:

h＝R+D/2+L*tgθ-(R+D/2)/cosθ

the downward deflection of the revolving body 2 is calculated according to the following formula:

h＝L*tgθ+(R+D/2)/cosθ-(R+D/2)

h, adjusting the moving distance of the ejector rod;

l, adjusting the distance between the axis of the ejector rod and the spherical center of the spherical revolving body;

r, adjusting the radius of the mandril rolling bearing;

d, the diameters of the positioning parts of the rotary clamp and the spherical revolving body;

theta is the deflection angle between the axis of the rotary fixture and the axis of the main shaft.

The invention also provides an inertia friction welding machine, as shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic overall structure diagram of the friction welding machine provided by the invention, wherein the inertia friction welding machine comprises the rotating clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the workpiece axis and the main axis, and the inertia friction welding machine can achieve the same technical effect. In operation the movable clamp moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure towards the rotatable clamp of the present invention which provides for the adjustable workpiece axis to be coaxial with the main axis.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A rotary clamp capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis and the main axis of a workpiece is characterized by comprising a rotary supporting seat (1) and a rotary body (2), wherein the rotary supporting seat (1) is driven by the main axis to rotate, and a rotary clamping jaw (3) used for clamping the workpiece is arranged in the rotary body (2);

the revolving body (2) is connected in the revolving support seat (1) through at least two revolving keys (4), the movement path of the revolving keys (4) is an arc line, and the revolving bodies (2) are distributed in a central symmetry way along the central axis; the rotary supporting seat (1) transmits torque to the rotary body (2) through the rotary key (4); at least three telescopic adjusting devices (5) are arranged on the rotary supporting seat (1) along the circumferential direction, and the telescopic ends of the telescopic adjusting devices (5) are propped against the outer surface of the rotary body (2) to adjust the coaxiality.

2. The rotating fixture for adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of a workpiece and the main axis as recited in claim 1, characterized in that an arc-shaped key groove (21) is formed in the outer surface of the rotating body (2), and the rotating key (4) extends into the arc-shaped key groove (21).

3. The adjustable workpiece axis to primary axis coaxiality rotary clamp of claim 2, wherein said rotation key (4) comprises a cylindrical main body (41) and a distally disposed ball panel (42), said ball panel (42) extending into said arcuate keyway (21);

the ball panel (42) has a length greater than the diameter of the body (41).

4. The adjustable workpiece axis and main axis coaxiality rotary jig of claim 3, characterized in that said body of revolution (2) comprises a spherical portion and a cylindrical portion, said arcuate keyway (21) being disposed in the spherical portion and said telescopic adjustment means (5) being disposed against the cylindrical portion.

5. Rotary clamp with adjustable workpiece axis and main axis coaxiality, according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary jaw (3) is connected to the telescopic rod (7) of the clamping cylinder by means of an oldham coupling (6).

6. The rotating fixture for adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of a workpiece and the main axis as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the telescopic end of the telescopic adjusting device (5) is provided with a jacking bearing (51), and the jacking bearing (51) contacts the outer surface of the rotating body (2).

7. The rotating fixture capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the axis of the workpiece and the main axis as claimed in claim 6, wherein the telescopic adjusting device (5) comprises a driving motor (52), a speed reducer (53) and a spiral connecting sleeve (54), the driving motor (52) drives the spiral connecting sleeve (54) to translate after being decelerated by the speed reducer (53), and the spiral connecting sleeve (54) is provided with the jacking bearing (51) through a fixed shaft.

8. The rotating fixture with adjustable coaxiality of the workpiece axis and the main axis according to claim 7, characterized in that the telescopic adjusting device (5) further comprises a slide carriage cylinder (55), the slide carriage cylinder (55) is mounted on a fixed seat (56), a slide carriage (57) is slidably mounted on the fixed seat (56), and the driving motor (52), the speed reducer (53) and the screw connecting sleeve (54) are mounted on the slide carriage (57).

9. The rotary jig capable of adjusting the coaxiality of the workpiece axis and the main axis according to claim 6, further comprising a detector for detecting the coaxiality, wherein the controller adjusts the telescopic length of the telescopic adjusting device (5) in a feedback manner according to the detection value of the detector.

10. An inertia friction welder comprising a rotary clamp of any of claims 1 to 9 with the adjustable workpiece axis coaxial with the main axis.