CN113629340B - Quick-swappable power battery pack and battery disassembly method for portable battery-swappable electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a quick-replaceable power battery pack and a portable battery replacing electric vehicle battery disassembling and assembling method. According to the quick-replaceable power battery pack, the clamping part of the opening mechanism is rotated to enable the inserting part to be separated from the upper cavity through the clamping hole, the battery mounting piece carrying the battery module can be ejected from the upper cavity through the opening under the action of the elastic device, and then the battery mounting piece is pulled outwards by using external force until the battery module can be replaced conveniently.

Description

Quick-swappable power battery pack and battery disassembly method for portable battery-swappable electric vehicles

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of power battery packs, in particular to a quick-change power battery pack. At the same time, the present invention also relates to a method for disassembling and assembling the battery of a portable electric vehicle with a quick-replaceable power battery pack as described above.

Background technique

With the progress and development of science and technology, non-polluting new energy vehicles such as existing electric vehicles are more and more sought after by customers. Electric vehicles are powered by power battery packs to ensure the smooth operation of the various tasks of the vehicle.

In order to ensure the normal power supply of the power battery pack, it is necessary to charge or replace the power battery pack frequently. The so-called battery exchange refers to the centralized storage, centralized charging, and unified distribution of a large number of batteries through centralized charging stations, and the replacement of electric vehicles at the battery distribution station, or the integration of battery charging, logistics deployment, and battery exchange services.

Among them, whether the power battery pack of the battery swap system can be quickly replaced, and how to reliably fix the battery module on the electric vehicle are two basic problems to solve the promotion and application of the battery swap mode. Although some existing power battery packs can realize the replacement of the power battery module, they have the disadvantage of cumbersome operation.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a quick-change power battery pack to improve battery replacement efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that way:

A quick-change power battery pack, comprising:

A housing, in which a housing chamber is formed, and a partition is provided in the housing chamber, and the housing chamber is separated by the partition board to form upper chambers located on the upper and lower sides of the partition board Body and lower cavity; an opening is provided on one side of the upper cavity, close to the opening, and a clamping hole is provided on the upper wall of the upper cavity; on the side wall of the lower cavity There are mounting holes on the top;

The battery mounting part slides in and out of the upper cavity through the opening relative to the housing, and a battery mounting cavity with an open upper part is constructed in the battery mounting part, and a battery mounting cavity is provided in the battery mounting cavity Positive electrode conductive sheet and negative electrode conductive sheet;

The battery module is fixed in the battery installation cavity via a battery fixing member, and is connected to the positive conductive sheet and the negative conductive sheet respectively;

The connecting terminal is fixed at the installation hole, the connecting terminal is connected to the positive conductive sheet and the negative conductive sheet respectively via a wire harness, and the wire harness is arranged in the lower cavity and passes through the partition The wire harness hole on the board is provided, the wire harness hole is a strip hole, and the length direction of the wire harness hole extends along the sliding direction of the battery mounting part;

The elastic device is arranged at the other end of the battery mount relative to the opening, and is located between the inner wall of the upper cavity and the battery mount;

The opening mechanism has an insertion part that enters the upper cavity through the clamping hole, and a clamping part that is rotated on the insertion part; the insertion part is configured so that due to the clamping Inserted into the hole, so that the battery mounting part can press the elastic device, and the clamping part can be driven by external force to rotate relative to the insertion part, and be clamped in the clamping hole place.

Further, a rolling friction mechanism is provided between the battery mounting part and the separator, and the rolling friction mechanism is configured to reduce the sliding resistance of the battery mounting part relative to the casing.

Further, a sliding guide structure is provided between the housing and the battery mounting part, and the sliding guiding structure includes sliding grooves formed on two opposite sides of the battery mounting part, and a sliding groove provided on the upper cavity. The sliders on the two opposite sides can be embedded in the sliding slots on the corresponding sides.

Further, stoppers are respectively provided on both sides of the upper cavity, and the stoppers are configured to limit the movement of the battery mounting part perpendicular to the sliding direction.

Further, the elastic device is a spring arranged between the casing and the battery mounting part.

Further, a plurality of lightening holes are opened on the partition plate.

Further, two fixed wedge-shaped blocks arranged at intervals are arranged on the mounting part, the gap between the two fixed wedge-shaped blocks forms a guide groove, the insertion part includes an L-shaped insertion plate, and Two movable wedge blocks and a guide piece fixed on the insertion plate, the guide piece is configured to be inserted into the guide groove, and constitute the insertion part in the clamping hole Guidance for the instrumentation process.

Further, the clamping part includes a rotating shaft that is rotated on the insertion plate, a block that is fixed on the rotating shaft, and a block that is fixed on the end of the rotating shaft and can block the locking device. hole cover.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

In the quick-change power battery pack described in the present invention, by rotating the clamping part of the opening mechanism, the insertion part is released from the upper cavity through the clamping hole, and the battery mounting part carrying the battery module can be moved under the action of the elastic device. , pop out from the upper cavity through the opening, and then use external force to pull the battery mounting part outward until the battery module can be easily replaced. During the pulling process, the wire harness is always in the lower cavity and can slide with the battery mounting part and sliding, so that customers can conveniently replace the battery module through the open position.

Another object of the present invention is a method for disassembling and assembling a battery of a portable electric vehicle with a quick-replaceable power battery pack as described above, which includes the following steps:

S1. Install the battery mounting member with the battery module installed into the upper cavity through the opening;

S2. Insert the insertion part into the upper cavity through the clamping hole, and rotate the clamping part of the opening mechanism so that the clamping part is clamped at the clamping hole ;

S3. Rotate the clamping part of the opening mechanism to the inserting part, and it can be released from the upper cavity through the clamping hole, and the removal process of the opening mechanism is completed;

S4. Under the action of the elastic device, the battery mounting part slides out from the upper cavity through the opening, and the battery mounting part is pulled out to replace the battery module.

The method for disassembling and assembling the battery of the portable battery-replacing electric vehicle described in the present invention can quickly expose the exposed part of the battery mounting part, thereby facilitating the rapid replacement of the battery module, and has good applicability.

Description of drawings

The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a quick-change power battery pack described in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the housing described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the housing described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery mount according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the battery mount according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the opening mechanism described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a front view of the opening mechanism described in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the right view of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the battery fixing member and the battery module.

Explanation of reference signs:

1-housing, 2-battery installation, 3-opening mechanism, 4-elastic device, 5-battery fixing, 6-battery module;

101-Clip hole, 102-Upper chamber, 103-Lower chamber, 104-Opening, 105-Guide groove, 106-Block, 107-Slider, 108-Partition, 109-Harness hole, 110- lightening hole;

201-installation piece main body, 202-cover plate, 203-connecting column, 204-chute, 205-fixed wedge block;

301-insert plate, 302-moving wedge, 303-guide, 304-rotating shaft, 305-block, 306-stop cover, 307-limiting ring, 308-nut.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

This embodiment relates to a quick-change power battery pack, which mainly includes a casing, a battery mount, a battery module, a terminal, an elastic device, and an opening mechanism.

Based on the above description of the overall structure, an exemplary structure of the quick-change power battery pack of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1. In order to facilitate a better understanding of this embodiment, the casing is first combined with Figures 2 to 5 1 structure will be described.

As shown in Figure 2, the housing 1 is welded and surrounded by six plate-shaped materials to form a rectangular parallelepiped, and a housing chamber is formed in the housing 1, and a partition 108 is fixed in the housing chamber, and the housing chamber is separated by the partition 108. An upper cavity 102 and a lower cavity 103 are formed on the upper and lower sides of the partition 108 .

In a preferred embodiment, an opening 104 is provided on one side of the upper cavity 102 to facilitate the entry and exit of the battery mounting part 2 described below. Close to the opening 104 , a fastening hole 101 is provided on the upper wall of the upper cavity 102 to facilitate the installation of the opening mechanism 3 described below. Mounting holes not shown in the figure are provided on the side wall of the lower chamber 103 to facilitate the installation of the connection terminals described below.

In order to facilitate assembly, in the state shown in Figure 5, the upper plate of the upper cavity 102 and the lower plate of the lower cavity 103 are preferably detachably installed, and at least four corners of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with bolt holes, which can The bolts passing through the bolt holes are fixedly connected with other side plates. In order to ensure the stability of the connection, reinforcements can be welded between other side plates at the positions corresponding to the bolt holes, and the reinforcement Threaded holes can be set on the parts.

The structure of the partition 108 can be specifically referred to as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and its fixing method in the housing 1 can be welded or bolted. Specifically, it is a strip-shaped hole, and the length direction of the wire harness passing hole 109 extends along the sliding direction of the battery mounting part 2, so as not to affect the sliding of the battery mounting part 2 relative to the housing 1. In this structure, the number of wire harness passing holes 109 is the same as that of the battery module The number of 6 corresponds accordingly. In addition, in order to reduce weight, a plurality of weight-reducing holes 110 are opened on the partition 108. In the present invention, the number, shape and position of the weight-reducing holes 110 are not specifically limited, which is convenient for weight reduction and can stably support each The battery module 6 is sufficient.

The structure of the battery mounting part 2 can be shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 7 , and it can slide in and out of the upper cavity 102 through the aforementioned opening 104 relative to the casing 1 . Specifically, the battery mount 2 mainly includes a mount body 201 and a cover plate 202, wherein the battery mount 2 can be welded by five plates to form a rectangular parallelepiped, and a battery mounting cavity is constructed in the mount body 201, and the battery The upper part of the installation cavity is open, and the positive conductive sheet and the negative conductive sheet not shown in the figure are fixed on the two opposite sides of the battery installation cavity. The fixing method of the positive conductive sheet and the negative conductive sheet can refer to the existing structure. Its quantity can be set according to the quantity of the battery modules 6 .

In order to facilitate installation and to block the aforementioned opening 104, a cover plate 202 is fixed outside the main body 201 of the mounting part. 2 enters the upper cavity 102 from the opening 104 in the assembled state, and the cover plate 202 is just blocked at the position of the opening 104 mentioned above.

The structure of the battery module 6 can be an existing structure, specifically, the number of the battery modules 6 can be four, the four battery modules 6 are arranged side by side, and the four battery modules 6 are respectively fixed on the The battery is installed in the cavity, and connected to the corresponding positive and negative conductive sheets respectively. What needs to be explained here is that in this structure, the battery fixing member 5 can be bent into several shapes by a sheet, and round holes are opened at both ends near the battery fixing member 5, and two bolts pass through the two circular holes respectively. And screwed with the bolt holes on the battery mounting part 2 not shown in the figure, the battery fixing part 5 can stably fix the battery module 6 in the battery mounting cavity.

In addition, the structure of the battery fixing part 5 can also be referred to as shown in Figure 11. The difference from the above structure is that the battery fixing part 5 is one, which is roughly in the shape of a few characters, and two ends are provided with circular holes for bolts to pass through. A limiting rib is arranged in the middle, which can limit each battery module 6 .

The structure of the connecting terminal can refer to the existing structure, and its model can correspond to the number of battery modules 6, and it is fixed at the aforementioned mounting hole. In the lower cavity 103 , and pass through the wiring harness hole 109 on the separator 108 to avoid affecting the sliding of the battery mounting part 2 .

In order to further prevent the wire harness from affecting the sliding of the battery mounting part 2, each battery module 6 is matched with a wire harness opening. In the left and right direction of the state shown in FIG. The opening is arranged on the side of the bottom plate of the battery mounting part 2 away from the cover plate 202, and the wiring harness of each battery module 6 can pass through the same wiring harness opening and pass through the corresponding wiring harness hole 109 to connect with the terminal in the lower cavity 103. The connection has less influence on the sliding of the battery mount 2.

The structure of the elastic device 4 can be referred to as shown in FIG. 1. Relative to the opening 104, the elastic device 4 is preferably a spring located at the other end of the battery mount 2. The number and positions of the springs can be arranged according to needs, so as to facilitate ejection of the battery mount 2. That is, the spring is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cavity 102 , and is specifically located between the inner wall of the upper cavity 102 and the battery mounting part 2 .

In order to facilitate the sliding of the battery mounting part 2 , a rolling friction mechanism is provided between the battery mounting part 2 and the separator 108 , and the rolling friction mechanism is configured to reduce the sliding resistance of the battery mounting part 2 relative to the casing 1 . In a preferred embodiment, still referring to FIG. 3 , guide grooves 105 are formed on the left and right sides of the bottom wall of the upper cavity 102, and the length direction of the guide grooves 105 extends along the sliding direction of the battery mount 2, and corresponds to In each guide groove 105 , balls not shown in the figure are installed on the bottom of the battery mounting member 2 , and the structure and installation method of the balls can refer to the existing structure. The arrangement of the above structure can effectively reduce the sliding resistance of the battery mounting part 2 relative to the casing 1 through the sliding arrangement of the balls in the guide groove 105 .

In addition, a sliding guide structure is also provided between the housing 1 and the battery mounting part 2, and the sliding guiding structure includes sliding grooves 204 formed on two opposite sides of the battery mounting part 2, and two sliding grooves 204 formed on two opposite sides of the upper cavity 102. The slider 107 can be embedded in the sliding groove 204 on the corresponding side.

In order to prevent the battery mounting part 2 from shaking after being installed in the upper cavity 102 , a limiting structure is also provided between the casing 1 and the battery mounting part 2 . Specifically, the limiting structure includes stoppers 106 disposed on the left and right sides of the upper cavity 102 , and the stoppers 106 are configured to limit the movement of the battery mounting part 2 perpendicular to the sliding direction. In addition, the position-limiting structure also includes protrusions not shown in the figure that are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the upper cavity 102 and the battery mounting part 2. Due to the cooperation of the two protrusions, the battery module 6 can be easily replaced, and the battery module 6 can be easily replaced. Prevent the battery mounting part 2 from completely detaching from the upper cavity 102 so as not to damage the wiring harness.

The structure of the opening mechanism 3 can be seen with reference to FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 , which has an inserting portion that enters the upper cavity 102 through the engaging hole 101 , and a locking portion that is rotatably disposed on the inserting portion. In terms of specific structure, the insertion part is configured so that the battery mounting part 2 can press the elastic device 4 due to the insertion in the clamping hole 101; the clamping part can be driven by an external force to rotate relative to the insertion part, and The card is placed at the card mounting hole 101.

More specifically, two fixed wedge blocks 205 arranged at intervals are arranged on the mounting part, the gap between the two fixed wedge blocks 205 forms a guide groove 105, the insertion part includes an L-shaped insertion plate 301, and The two movable wedge blocks 302 and the guide piece 303 fixed on the insertion plate 301, the guide piece 303 is configured to be inserted into the guide groove 105, and constitutes the process of inserting the insertion part into the clamping hole 101. guide.

The clamping part includes a rotating shaft 304 rotatably disposed on the inserting plate 301 , a locking block 305 fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft 304 , and a cover 306 fixedly disposed at the end of the rotating shaft 304 to block the mounting hole 101 . Wherein, the clamping block 305 can be rectangular or oval, and its length and width are not equal. One side of the cover 305 is an arc edge, and the other side facing the arc edge is a right-angle edge, so as to correctly judge the rotation angle of the clamping part, thereby judging whether the clamping block 305 is firmly limited to the clamping hole 101 middle. In order to facilitate the rotation of the baffle 305, the outer end surface of the baffle 306 can also be formed with a handle that is convenient to hold, such as a plate or ring that is welded on the baffle 306 perpendicular to the baffle 306, etc. .

In order to facilitate the installation of the clamping part, a shaft installation hole not shown in the figure is also provided on the insertion plate 301, and a limit ring 307 is fixed on the shaft 304, and one end of the shaft 304 provided with the existing ring 307 is inserted through the The rotating shaft is installed in a hole and connected to the nut 308 by screwing. The rotating shaft 304 is clearance fit with the rotating shaft installation hole, and in the axial length direction of the rotating shaft 304, the nut 308, the stop ring 307 and the thin plate provided with the rotating shaft installation hole are also clearance fit, so as not to affect the rotation of the rotating shaft 304. And in order to prevent parts from shaking and producing abnormal noise, a spring is also sleeved on the rotating shaft 304, one end of the spring is placed on the nut 308, and the other end of the spring is placed on the thin plate provided with the rotating shaft mounting hole.

After the movable wedge 302 squeezes the fixed wedge 205 so that the battery mounting part 2 squeezes the elastic device 4 into place, the cover 306 is rotated until the right-angled side of the cover 306 is completely aligned with the edge of the housing 1, and the cover 306 rotates When it is in place, the clamping part is limited in the clamping hole 101, and the gap between the cover 306 and the clamping block 305 is just corresponding to the thin plate with the clamping hole 101, so that the battery mounting part can be stably limited to the upper cavity 102.

In the quick-change power battery pack of the present invention, by rotating the clamping part of the opening mechanism 3, the insertion part can be disengaged from the upper cavity 102 through the clamping hole 101, and the battery mounting part 2 carrying the battery module 6 can be elastically Under the action of the device 4, it pops up from the upper cavity 102 through the opening 104, and then uses an external force to pull the battery mounting part 2 outward until the battery module 6 can be easily replaced. During the pulling process, the wiring harness is always in the lower cavity 103 , and can slide along with the sliding of the battery mounting part 2, so that customers can conveniently replace the battery module 6 through the open position.

At the same time, this embodiment also relates to a method for disassembling and assembling a battery of a portable electric vehicle with a quick-replaceable power battery pack as described above, including the following steps:

S1. Fix the battery module 6 on the battery mounting part 2 with the battery fixing part 5, and install the battery mounting part 2 with the battery module 6 into the upper cavity 102 through the opening 104;

S2. Insert the insertion part into the upper cavity 102 through the clamping hole 101, and rotate the clamping part of the opening mechanism 3, so that the clamping part is clamped at the clamping hole 101;

S3. Rotate the clamping part of the opening mechanism 3 to the inserting part, and it can be disengaged from the upper cavity 102 through the clamping hole 101, and the removal process of the opening mechanism 3 is completed;

S4. Under the action of the elastic device 4 , the battery mounting part 2 slides out from the upper cavity 102 through the opening 104 to replace the battery module 6 .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (9)

1. A quick-change power battery pack, characterized in that it comprises: A housing (1), forming a housing chamber in the housing (1), and a partition (108) is provided in the housing chamber, and the housing chamber is divided by the partition board (108) An upper cavity (102) and a lower cavity (103) are formed on the upper and lower sides of the partition (108); an opening (104) is provided on one side of the upper cavity (102), close to the The opening (104) is provided with a clamping hole (101) on the upper wall of the upper cavity (102); an installation hole is provided on the side wall of the lower cavity (103); The battery mounting part (2) slides relative to the casing (1) through the opening (104) to enter and exit the upper cavity (102), and an upper opening is constructed in the battery mounting part (2) A battery installation cavity is provided, and a positive electrode conductive sheet and a negative electrode conductive sheet are arranged in the battery installation cavity; The battery module (6) is fixed in the battery installation cavity via the battery fixing member (5), and is connected to the positive electrode conductive sheet and the negative electrode conductive sheet respectively; The connection terminal is fixed at the installation hole, the connection terminal is connected to the positive conductive sheet and the negative conductive sheet respectively via a wire harness, and the wire harness is arranged in the lower cavity (103) and passed through Set through the wire harness hole (109) on the separator (108), the wire harness hole (109) is a strip hole, and the length direction of the wire harness hole (109) extends along the battery mounting part ( 2) The sliding direction extends; The elastic device (4), opposite to the opening (104), is arranged at the other end of the battery mounting part (2), and is located on the inner wall of the upper cavity (102) and the battery mounting part (2) between; The opening mechanism (3) has an insertion part that enters the upper cavity (102) from the clamping hole (101), and a clamping part that is rotated on the insertion part; the insertion The part is configured so that the battery mounting part (2) can press the elastic device (4) due to the insertion in the clamping hole (101), and the clamping part can be driven by external force And rotate relative to the insertion part, and be locked in the locking hole (101). 2. The quick-change power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rolling friction mechanism is provided between the battery mount (2) and the separator (108), and the rolling friction The mechanism is configured to reduce the resistance of the battery mount (2) to slide relative to the housing (1). 3. The quick-change power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sliding guide structure is provided between the housing (1) and the battery mount (2), and the sliding guide structure It includes sliding slots (204) formed on two opposite sides of the battery mounting part (2), and the sliding slots (204) provided on two opposite sides of the upper cavity (102) and capable of being embedded in corresponding sides slider in (107). 4. The quick-change power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: stoppers (106) are respectively provided on both sides of the upper cavity (102), and the stoppers (106) are It is configured to limit the movement of said battery mount (2) perpendicular to the sliding direction. 5. The quick-change power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic device (4) is a spring arranged between the casing (1) and the battery mount (2) . 6. The quick-swappable power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of weight-reducing holes (110) are opened on the separator (108). 7. The quick-change power battery pack according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: two fixed wedge blocks (205) arranged at intervals are arranged on the mounting part, and the two The gap between the fixed wedge blocks (205) constitutes a guide groove (105), the insertion part includes an L-shaped insertion plate (301), and two A moving wedge block (302) and a guide piece (303), the guide piece (303) is configured to be inserted into the guide groove (105), and constitutes the insertion part in the clamping hole ( 101) for the guidance of the instrumentation process. 8. The quick-swappable power battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: the clamping part includes a rotating shaft (304) that is rotatably arranged on the insertion plate (301), and is fixed on the rotating shaft The blocking block (305) on (304), and the blocking cover (306) fixed on the end of the rotating shaft (304) and capable of blocking the locking hole (101). 9. A method for disassembling and assembling a battery of a portable electric vehicle with a quick-change power battery pack according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. Install the battery mounting part (2) with the battery module (6) installed into the upper cavity (102) through the opening (104); S2. Insert the inserting part into the upper cavity (102) through the clamping hole (101), and rotate the clamping part of the opening mechanism (3) to make the clamping The part of the card is placed at the card mounting hole (101); S3. Rotate the clamping part of the opening mechanism (3) to the inserting part, and it can be disengaged from the upper cavity (102) through the clamping hole (101), and the removal process of the opening mechanism (3) is completed; S4. Under the action of the elastic device (4), the battery mounting part (2) slides out from the upper cavity (102) through the opening (104), and the battery mounting part (2) is pulled out to replace the battery module (6).

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