CN113625451A - Near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system - Google Patents
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- CN113625451A CN113625451A CN202010390238.5A CN202010390238A CN113625451A CN 113625451 A CN113625451 A CN 113625451A CN 202010390238 A CN202010390238 A CN 202010390238A CN 113625451 A CN113625451 A CN 113625451A
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- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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Abstract
The invention provides a near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system, which relates to the field of near-eye optics and comprises: the display device comprises a first lens, a second lens and a display screen; one side of the first lens is attached to one side of the display screen, one side of the second lens is attached to the other side of the display screen, the other side of the first lens is attached to the other side of the second lens, and the first lens, the second lens and the display screen are surrounded to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens is a saddle-like free-form surface. The near-to-eye display system has the advantages that the optical path is folded by off-axis reflection twice, the optical design of the saddle-like free-form surface is adopted, the conflict between the optical path and the eyebrows and the forehead of an observer is avoided, the near-to-eye display system with a larger visual angle is obtained, the wearing comfort is improved, and the immersion feeling of a user in use is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of near-to-eye optics, in particular to a near-to-eye perspective head display optical imaging system.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR), also called Augmented Reality or mixed Reality, is a relatively new technical content that promotes integration between real world information and virtual world information content, and implements analog simulation processing on the basis of computer and other scientific technologies of entity information that is difficult to experience in the spatial range of the real world originally, and superimposes virtual information content for effective application in the real world, and can be perceived by human senses in the process, thereby realizing sensory experience beyond Reality. The images of the virtual object and the images of the real environment are transmitted to the eyes of the user, so that the user obtains the experience of virtual and reality fusion, and the real environment and the virtual object can exist in the same picture and space at the same time after being overlapped.
The existing near-eye optical display system in the prior art is large in volume, and the longitudinal focal length is long, so that the screen or the optical device collides with the eyebrows and the forehead of a user of an observer, the entrance pupil distance is increased, the visual angle is reduced, and the system is inconvenient to wear and uncomfortable and affects the appearance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system, which specifically comprises: the display device comprises a first lens, a second lens and a display screen; one side of the first lens is attached to one side of the display screen, one side of the second lens is attached to the other side of the display screen, the other side of the first lens is attached to the other side of the second lens, and the first lens, the second lens and the display screen are distributed in a surrounding manner to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens is a saddle-like free-form surface.
Preferably, the system further comprises a large-view-angle optical dual channel, wherein the large-view-angle optical dual channel comprises:
the image light rays emitted by the display screen are reflected by the first lens and then enter the second lens, and are reflected by the second lens and then transmit the first lens to form a first optical channel;
and the second optical channel is formed by sequentially transmitting external ambient light through the second lens and the first lens.
Preferably, the display screen is an LCD display screen or an LCOS display screen.
Preferably, a first linearly polarizing film layer is disposed on a side of the first lens facing the triangular prism-like space.
Preferably, the display screen is a non-polarized image emitter, and a second linearly polarized film layer is arranged on one side of the triangular prism-like space facing the first lens.
Preferably, the second linearly polarizing film layer is a transmissive polarizing film layer, and a polarization direction of transmission light of the transmissive polarizing film layer is perpendicular to a polarization axis direction of the first linearly polarizing film layer.
Preferably, the display device further comprises a wire grid arranged between the display screen and the first lens.
Preferably, a first antireflection film layer is arranged on one side of the first lens, which is far away from the triangular prism-like space.
Preferably, a half-transmitting and half-reflecting film layer and/or a quarter-wave plate film layer is/are disposed on one side of the second lens facing the first lens, and the quarter-wave plate film layer is located between the first reflector and the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film layer.
Preferably, an included angle between the optical axis direction of the quarter-wave plate film and the polarization direction of a first linear polarization film layer arranged on one side of the first lens facing the triangular prism-like space is 40-50 degrees, and a better included angle is 45 degrees.
Preferably, the semi-transparent semi-reflective film layer has a reflectivity of 25% to 35%, a transmittance of 65% to 75%, and more preferably a reflectivity of 30% and a transmittance of 70%.
Preferably, a second antireflection film layer is arranged on one side of the second reflector, which is far away from the triangular prism-like space.
Preferably, the first lens is a thin lens, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the first lens is less than 2 mm.
Preferably, the surface of the first lens is a hyperbolic paraboloid, a single-curved paraboloid, an XY polynomial free-form surface or a Zernike polynomial free-form surface.
Preferably, the surface type of the first lens and/or the second lens is an XY polynomial free-form surface, and the expression thereof is:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, cmnThe coefficients of different orders are provided, p is the highest power of the polynomial, m + n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to p, and the even-order X term is selected to ensure the symmetry of the surface type about the YOZ surface.
Preferably, the surface of the first lens and/or the second lens is a zernike polynomial free-form surface, and the expression is as follows:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, the second term is a Zernike polynomial, AiIs a Zernike polynomial coefficient, EiIs a Zernike polynomial and p and θ are variables of the Zernike polynomial, respectively.
Preferably, the surface type of the first lens and/or the second lens is a toric surface, and the expression thereof is:
wherein, cxIs the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X-Z plane in the X direction, cyIs the radius of curvature, k, of the curved surface in the Y-Z plane in the Y directionxIs the coefficient of the quadratic surface, k, of the curved surface in the X directionyIs the coefficient of the quadric surface of the curved surface in the Y direction, AiIs an aspherical coefficient rotationally symmetric about the Z axis, BiAre non-rotationally symmetric coefficients.
Preferably, the second lens is a thin lens, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the second lens is less than 2 mm.
Preferably, the surface type of the second lens is a spherical surface, an aspheric surface, or a free-form surface.
Preferably, the surface types of the second lens are even aspheric surfaces, and the expression is as follows:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, r is the half aperture of the lens, α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8The coefficients of the second order term, the fourth order term, the sixth order term, the eighth order term, the tenth order term, the twelfth order term, the fourteenth order term and the sixteenth order term are respectively.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by using the off-axis reflection folding optical path twice and adopting the optical design of the saddle-like free-form surface, the first lens avoids the conflict with the eyebrows and the forehead of an observer, thereby obtaining the near-to-eye display system with a larger visual angle, increasing the wearing comfort and enhancing the immersion feeling of a user during use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a saddle-like free-form surface of the first lens according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and other embodiments may be included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is satisfied.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the above problems in the prior art, there is provided a near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system, as shown in fig. 1, which specifically includes:
a first lens 1, a second lens 2 and a display screen 3; one side of the first lens 1 is attached to one side of the display screen 3, one side of the second lens 2 is attached to the other side of the display screen 3, the other side of the first lens 1 is attached to the other side of the second lens 2, and the first lens 1, the second lens 2 and the display screen 3 are distributed in a surrounding manner to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens 1 is a saddle-like free-form surface.
Specifically, in this embodiment, through the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 disposed off-axis, the image light emitted from the display screen 3 can be incident on the first lens 1, reflected to the second lens 2 through the first lens 1, reflected back to the first lens 1 through the second lens 2, and then incident on the human eye 4 through the first lens 1, and meanwhile, the external environment light is also allowed to sequentially pass through the second lens 2 and the first lens 1 and enter the human eye 4. The image light is emitted by the display screen 3 until entering the emission path through which the human eyes 4 pass to form a first optical channel, the external environment light enters the emission path through which the human eyes 4 pass from the outside to form a second optical channel, and the first optical channel and the second optical channel form a large-visual-angle optical double channel of the near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system, and the visual field angle FOV is larger than 100 degrees.
More specifically, the first lens 1 has a saddle-like free-form surface which is rolled forward in the up-down direction of the eyes of the user so as to avoid the collision with the eyebrows and forehead of the user and is rolled backward in the left-right direction of the eyes of the user, which is beneficial to eliminating coma and curvature of field generated by secondary reflection.
Preferably, the side of the first lens 1 facing the triangular prism-like space is an inner surface of the first lens 1, and the side of the first lens 1 facing away from the triangular prism-like space (the display 3) is an outer surface of the first lens 1. A wire grid 5 is preferably arranged between the display screen 3 and the first lens 1, a first wire polarization film layer 6 is arranged on the inner surface of the first lens 1, and a first anti-reflection film layer 7 is arranged on the outer surface of the first lens 1; the inner surface of the second lens 2 is sequentially provided with a quarter-wave plate film layer 8 and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film layer 9 along the incident direction of image light, and the outer surface of the second lens 2 is provided with a second anti-reflection film layer 10.
Based on the above structure, when the image light emitted by the display screen 3 passes through the wire grid 5, the image light with the polarization direction the same as that of the wire grid 5 passes through the wire grid 5 and enters the inner surface of the first lens 1, at this time, the polarization state of the image light is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction is the same as that of the wire grid 5; because the polarization direction of the image light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first linear polarization film layer 6, the light is reflected, that is, the image light is reflected by the first linear polarization film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1 and enters the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 on the inner surface of the second lens 2, at this time, the polarization state of the image light is converted from the linearly polarized light into the circularly polarized light, then the image light is reflected by the semi-transparent semi-reflective film layer 9 on the inner surface of the second lens 2 and then passes through the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 again, at this time, the polarization state of the image light is converted from the circularly polarized light into the linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the image light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light which passes through the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 for the first time before, that is, the polarization direction of the image light is the same as the polarization direction of the first linear polarization film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1 again, the image light is transmitted, incident on the human eye 4, and received by the human eye 4.
Meanwhile, external environment light sequentially transmits the outer surface of the second lens 2, the inner surface of the second lens 2, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film layer 9, the quarter-wave plate film layer 8, the first linear polarization film layer 6, the inner surface of the first lens 1 and the outer surface of the first lens 1, the incident light is emitted to the human eyes 4, the human eyes 4 receive the light, the virtual scene and the real scene are superposed to the human eyes 4, and preferably, the imaging position 100 of the near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system is located on the side, deviating from the human eyes 4, of the second lens 2, and the imaging definition is guaranteed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical system further includes a large-viewing-angle optical dual channel, and the large-viewing-angle optical dual channel includes:
the display screen 3 comprises a first optical channel, a second optical channel and a third optical channel, wherein image light emitted by the display screen 3 is reflected by the first lens 1 and then enters the second lens 2, and is reflected by the second lens 2 and then transmits through the first lens 1 to form the first optical channel;
and a second optical channel, wherein external ambient light sequentially transmits through the second lens 2 and the first lens 1 to form a second optical channel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display 3 is an LCD display, or an LCOS display.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first linear polarization film 6 is disposed on a side of the first lens element 1 facing the triangular prism-like space.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display 3 is an unpolarized image emitter, and a second linearly polarized film 11 is disposed on a side of the triangular prism-like space facing the first lens 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second linearly polarizing film layer 11 is a transmissive polarizing film layer, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light of the transmissive polarizing film layer is perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the first linearly polarizing film layer 6.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the display screen 3 includes, but is not limited to, an LCD display screen, an LCOS display screen, an OLED display screen, or other image generator. When the display 3 is a non-polarized image generator such as an OLED display, a second linearly-polarized film layer 11 is preferably added on the surface of the display, the second linearly-polarized film layer 11 is preferably a transmissive polarized film layer, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light is required to be perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the first linearly-polarized film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1, so that the image light emitted by the OLED display is converted into light capable of being reflected by the first linearly-polarized film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1 through the second linearly-polarized film layer 11, and at the same time, the influence of part of stray light can be reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wire grid 5 is further included and is disposed between the display screen 3 and the first lens 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first antireflection film layer 7 is disposed on a side of the first lens element 1 facing away from the triangular prism-like space.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a half-transparent film layer 9 and a quarter-wave plate film layer 8 are disposed on a side of the second lens 2 facing the first lens 1, and the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 is located between the first lens 1 and the half-transparent film layer 9.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a better angle between the optical axis direction of the quarter-wave plate 8 and the polarization direction of a first linear polarization reflective film 6 disposed on a side of the first lens 1 facing the display screen 3 is 45 degrees.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflectivity of the transflective film layer 9 is more preferably 30% and the transmittance is 70%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second antireflection film layer 10 is disposed on a side of the second lens element 2 facing away from the triangular prism-like space.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first lens element 1 is a thin lens element, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the first lens element 1 is less than 2 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first lens element 1 is a hyperbolic paraboloid, a single-curved paraboloid, an XY polynomial free-form surface, or a zernike polynomial free-form surface.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first lens 1 is a thin and uniform lens, or the thickness difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness is less than 2mm, and the mathematical expressions of the surface types thereof include, but are not limited to, hyperbolic paraboloid, single-curved paraboloid, XY polynomial free-form surface, and zernike polynomial free-form surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface types of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are both XY polynomial free-form surfaces, and the expression thereof is:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, cmnThe coefficients of different orders are provided, p is the highest power of the polynomial, m + n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to p, and the even-order X term is selected to ensure the symmetry of the surface type about the YOZ surface. It is noted that the surface type coefficients of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are preferably specific and different.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 is a zernike polynomial free-form surface, and the expression thereof is:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, the second term is a Zernike polynomial, AiIs a Zernike polynomial coefficient, EiIs a Zernike polynomial and p and θ are variables of the Zernike polynomial, respectively. It is noted that the surface type coefficients of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are preferably specific and different.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape of the first lens element 1 and/or the second lens element 2 is a toric surface, and the expression thereof is:
wherein, cxIs the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X-Z plane in the X direction, cyIs the radius of curvature, k, of the curved surface in the Y-Z plane in the Y directionxIs the coefficient of the quadratic surface, k, of the curved surface in the X directionyIs the coefficient of the quadric surface of the curved surface in the Y direction, AiIs an aspherical coefficient rotationally symmetric about the Z axis, BiAre non-rotationally symmetric coefficients. It is noted that the surface type coefficients of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are preferably specific and different.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second lens element 2 is a thin lens element, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the second lens element 2 is less than 2 mm.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as a concave magnifying diopter, the mathematical expression of the surface type of the second lens 2 includes, but is not limited to, spherical, aspherical and free-form surfaces.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second lens element 2 has an even aspheric surface, and the expression thereof is:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, r is the half aperture of the lens, α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8The coefficients of the second order term, the fourth order term, the sixth order term, the eighth order term, the tenth order term, the twelfth order term, the fourteenth order term and the sixteenth order term are respectively.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. A near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system, comprising: the display device comprises a first lens, a second lens and a display screen; one side of the first lens is attached to one side of the display screen, one side of the second lens is attached to the other side of the display screen, the other side of the first lens is attached to the other side of the second lens, and the first lens, the second lens and the display screen are distributed in a surrounding manner to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens is a saddle-like free-form surface.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a large-viewing-angle optical dual channel, the large-viewing-angle optical dual channel comprising:
the image light rays emitted by the display screen are reflected by the first lens and then enter the second lens, and are reflected by the second lens and then transmit the first lens to form a first optical channel;
and the second optical channel is formed by sequentially transmitting external ambient light through the second lens and the first lens.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the display screen is an LCD display screen or an LCOS display screen.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein a first linearly polarizing film is disposed on a side of the first lens facing the space of the triangular prism-like shape.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the display screen is an unpolarized image emitter, and a second linearly polarized film is disposed on a side of the triangular prism-like space facing the first lens.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the second linearly polarizing film layer is a transmissive polarizing film layer, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light of the transmissive polarizing film layer is perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the first linearly polarizing film layer.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a wire grid disposed between the display screen and the first lens.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein a first antireflection coating is disposed on a side of the first lens element facing away from the triangular prism-like space.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film and/or a quarter-wave plate is disposed on a side of the second lens facing the triangular prism-like space.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein an angle between the optical axis of the quarter-wave plate and the polarization direction of a first linearly polarized transmission film disposed on the side of the first lens facing the triangular prism-like space is 40-50 degrees.
11. The system of claim 9, wherein the transflective film layer has a reflectivity of 25% to 35% and a transmittance of 65% to 75%.
12. The system of claim 1, wherein a second antireflection coating is disposed on a side of the second lens element facing away from the triangular prism-like space.
13. The system of claim 1, wherein the first lens is a thin lens or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the first lens is less than 2 mm.
14. The system of claim 1, wherein the first lens has a hyperbolic paraboloid, a single-curved paraboloid, an XY polynomial free-form surface, or a Zernike polynomial free-form surface.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the first lens and/or the second lens each have an XY polynomial free-form surface, and the expression is as follows:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, cmnThe coefficients of different orders are provided, p is the highest power of the polynomial, m + n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to p, and the even-order X term is selected to ensure the symmetry of the surface type about the YOZ surface.
16. The system of claim 14, wherein the first lens and/or the second lens each have a zernike polynomial free-form surface, and the expression is as follows:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, the second term is a Zernike polynomial, AiIs the Zernike polynomial coefficient, EiIs the Zernike polynomial, and ρ and θ are variables of the Zernike polynomial, respectively.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the first lens and/or the second lens are each toric and have a shape expressed by:
wherein, cxIs the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X-Z plane in the X direction, cyIs the radius of curvature, k, of the curved surface in the Y-Z plane in the Y directionxIs the coefficient of the quadratic surface, k, of the curved surface in the X directionyIs the coefficient of the quadric surface of the curved surface in the Y direction, AiIs an aspherical coefficient rotationally symmetric about the Z axis, BiAre non-rotationally symmetric coefficients.
18. The system of claim 1, wherein the second lens is a thin lens or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the second lens is less than 2 mm.
19. The system of claim 1, wherein the second lens is spherical, aspherical, or free-form.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the second lens element has an even aspheric surface, and the expression is:
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, r is the half aperture of the lens, α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8The coefficients of the second order term, the fourth order term, the sixth order term, the eighth order term, the tenth order term, the twelfth order term, the fourteenth order term and the sixteenth order term are respectively.
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| CN114755830A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-15 | 南昌黑鲨科技有限公司 | Optical amplification module and VR display equipment with same |
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| CN114755830A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-15 | 南昌黑鲨科技有限公司 | Optical amplification module and VR display equipment with same |
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