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CN113625451A - Near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system - Google Patents

Near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113625451A
CN113625451A CN202010390238.5A CN202010390238A CN113625451A CN 113625451 A CN113625451 A CN 113625451A CN 202010390238 A CN202010390238 A CN 202010390238A CN 113625451 A CN113625451 A CN 113625451A
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lens
imaging system
optical imaging
head
eye see
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卫荣杰
何芳
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Lecol Technology Shanghai Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings

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Abstract

The invention provides a near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system, which relates to the field of near-eye optics and comprises: the display device comprises a first lens, a second lens and a display screen; one side of the first lens is attached to one side of the display screen, one side of the second lens is attached to the other side of the display screen, the other side of the first lens is attached to the other side of the second lens, and the first lens, the second lens and the display screen are surrounded to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens is a saddle-like free-form surface. The near-to-eye display system has the advantages that the optical path is folded by off-axis reflection twice, the optical design of the saddle-like free-form surface is adopted, the conflict between the optical path and the eyebrows and the forehead of an observer is avoided, the near-to-eye display system with a larger visual angle is obtained, the wearing comfort is improved, and the immersion feeling of a user in use is enhanced.

Description

Near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of near-to-eye optics, in particular to a near-to-eye perspective head display optical imaging system.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR), also called Augmented Reality or mixed Reality, is a relatively new technical content that promotes integration between real world information and virtual world information content, and implements analog simulation processing on the basis of computer and other scientific technologies of entity information that is difficult to experience in the spatial range of the real world originally, and superimposes virtual information content for effective application in the real world, and can be perceived by human senses in the process, thereby realizing sensory experience beyond Reality. The images of the virtual object and the images of the real environment are transmitted to the eyes of the user, so that the user obtains the experience of virtual and reality fusion, and the real environment and the virtual object can exist in the same picture and space at the same time after being overlapped.
The existing near-eye optical display system in the prior art is large in volume, and the longitudinal focal length is long, so that the screen or the optical device collides with the eyebrows and the forehead of a user of an observer, the entrance pupil distance is increased, the visual angle is reduced, and the system is inconvenient to wear and uncomfortable and affects the appearance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system, which specifically comprises: the display device comprises a first lens, a second lens and a display screen; one side of the first lens is attached to one side of the display screen, one side of the second lens is attached to the other side of the display screen, the other side of the first lens is attached to the other side of the second lens, and the first lens, the second lens and the display screen are distributed in a surrounding manner to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens is a saddle-like free-form surface.
Preferably, the system further comprises a large-view-angle optical dual channel, wherein the large-view-angle optical dual channel comprises:
the image light rays emitted by the display screen are reflected by the first lens and then enter the second lens, and are reflected by the second lens and then transmit the first lens to form a first optical channel;
and the second optical channel is formed by sequentially transmitting external ambient light through the second lens and the first lens.
Preferably, the display screen is an LCD display screen or an LCOS display screen.
Preferably, a first linearly polarizing film layer is disposed on a side of the first lens facing the triangular prism-like space.
Preferably, the display screen is a non-polarized image emitter, and a second linearly polarized film layer is arranged on one side of the triangular prism-like space facing the first lens.
Preferably, the second linearly polarizing film layer is a transmissive polarizing film layer, and a polarization direction of transmission light of the transmissive polarizing film layer is perpendicular to a polarization axis direction of the first linearly polarizing film layer.
Preferably, the display device further comprises a wire grid arranged between the display screen and the first lens.
Preferably, a first antireflection film layer is arranged on one side of the first lens, which is far away from the triangular prism-like space.
Preferably, a half-transmitting and half-reflecting film layer and/or a quarter-wave plate film layer is/are disposed on one side of the second lens facing the first lens, and the quarter-wave plate film layer is located between the first reflector and the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film layer.
Preferably, an included angle between the optical axis direction of the quarter-wave plate film and the polarization direction of a first linear polarization film layer arranged on one side of the first lens facing the triangular prism-like space is 40-50 degrees, and a better included angle is 45 degrees.
Preferably, the semi-transparent semi-reflective film layer has a reflectivity of 25% to 35%, a transmittance of 65% to 75%, and more preferably a reflectivity of 30% and a transmittance of 70%.
Preferably, a second antireflection film layer is arranged on one side of the second reflector, which is far away from the triangular prism-like space.
Preferably, the first lens is a thin lens, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the first lens is less than 2 mm.
Preferably, the surface of the first lens is a hyperbolic paraboloid, a single-curved paraboloid, an XY polynomial free-form surface or a Zernike polynomial free-form surface.
Preferably, the surface type of the first lens and/or the second lens is an XY polynomial free-form surface, and the expression thereof is:
Figure BDA0002483172360000031
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, cmnThe coefficients of different orders are provided, p is the highest power of the polynomial, m + n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to p, and the even-order X term is selected to ensure the symmetry of the surface type about the YOZ surface.
Preferably, the surface of the first lens and/or the second lens is a zernike polynomial free-form surface, and the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002483172360000041
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, the second term is a Zernike polynomial, AiIs a Zernike polynomial coefficient, EiIs a Zernike polynomial and p and θ are variables of the Zernike polynomial, respectively.
Preferably, the surface type of the first lens and/or the second lens is a toric surface, and the expression thereof is:
Figure BDA0002483172360000042
wherein, cxIs the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X-Z plane in the X direction, cyIs the radius of curvature, k, of the curved surface in the Y-Z plane in the Y directionxIs the coefficient of the quadratic surface, k, of the curved surface in the X directionyIs the coefficient of the quadric surface of the curved surface in the Y direction, AiIs an aspherical coefficient rotationally symmetric about the Z axis, BiAre non-rotationally symmetric coefficients.
Preferably, the second lens is a thin lens, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the second lens is less than 2 mm.
Preferably, the surface type of the second lens is a spherical surface, an aspheric surface, or a free-form surface.
Preferably, the surface types of the second lens are even aspheric surfaces, and the expression is as follows:
Figure BDA0002483172360000043
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, r is the half aperture of the lens, α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8The coefficients of the second order term, the fourth order term, the sixth order term, the eighth order term, the tenth order term, the twelfth order term, the fourteenth order term and the sixteenth order term are respectively.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by using the off-axis reflection folding optical path twice and adopting the optical design of the saddle-like free-form surface, the first lens avoids the conflict with the eyebrows and the forehead of an observer, thereby obtaining the near-to-eye display system with a larger visual angle, increasing the wearing comfort and enhancing the immersion feeling of a user during use.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a saddle-like free-form surface of the first lens according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and other embodiments may be included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is satisfied.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the above problems in the prior art, there is provided a near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system, as shown in fig. 1, which specifically includes:
a first lens 1, a second lens 2 and a display screen 3; one side of the first lens 1 is attached to one side of the display screen 3, one side of the second lens 2 is attached to the other side of the display screen 3, the other side of the first lens 1 is attached to the other side of the second lens 2, and the first lens 1, the second lens 2 and the display screen 3 are distributed in a surrounding manner to form a triangular prism-like space; the surface of the first lens 1 is a saddle-like free-form surface.
Specifically, in this embodiment, through the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 disposed off-axis, the image light emitted from the display screen 3 can be incident on the first lens 1, reflected to the second lens 2 through the first lens 1, reflected back to the first lens 1 through the second lens 2, and then incident on the human eye 4 through the first lens 1, and meanwhile, the external environment light is also allowed to sequentially pass through the second lens 2 and the first lens 1 and enter the human eye 4. The image light is emitted by the display screen 3 until entering the emission path through which the human eyes 4 pass to form a first optical channel, the external environment light enters the emission path through which the human eyes 4 pass from the outside to form a second optical channel, and the first optical channel and the second optical channel form a large-visual-angle optical double channel of the near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system, and the visual field angle FOV is larger than 100 degrees.
More specifically, the first lens 1 has a saddle-like free-form surface which is rolled forward in the up-down direction of the eyes of the user so as to avoid the collision with the eyebrows and forehead of the user and is rolled backward in the left-right direction of the eyes of the user, which is beneficial to eliminating coma and curvature of field generated by secondary reflection.
Preferably, the side of the first lens 1 facing the triangular prism-like space is an inner surface of the first lens 1, and the side of the first lens 1 facing away from the triangular prism-like space (the display 3) is an outer surface of the first lens 1. A wire grid 5 is preferably arranged between the display screen 3 and the first lens 1, a first wire polarization film layer 6 is arranged on the inner surface of the first lens 1, and a first anti-reflection film layer 7 is arranged on the outer surface of the first lens 1; the inner surface of the second lens 2 is sequentially provided with a quarter-wave plate film layer 8 and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film layer 9 along the incident direction of image light, and the outer surface of the second lens 2 is provided with a second anti-reflection film layer 10.
Based on the above structure, when the image light emitted by the display screen 3 passes through the wire grid 5, the image light with the polarization direction the same as that of the wire grid 5 passes through the wire grid 5 and enters the inner surface of the first lens 1, at this time, the polarization state of the image light is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction is the same as that of the wire grid 5; because the polarization direction of the image light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first linear polarization film layer 6, the light is reflected, that is, the image light is reflected by the first linear polarization film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1 and enters the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 on the inner surface of the second lens 2, at this time, the polarization state of the image light is converted from the linearly polarized light into the circularly polarized light, then the image light is reflected by the semi-transparent semi-reflective film layer 9 on the inner surface of the second lens 2 and then passes through the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 again, at this time, the polarization state of the image light is converted from the circularly polarized light into the linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the image light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light which passes through the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 for the first time before, that is, the polarization direction of the image light is the same as the polarization direction of the first linear polarization film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1 again, the image light is transmitted, incident on the human eye 4, and received by the human eye 4.
Meanwhile, external environment light sequentially transmits the outer surface of the second lens 2, the inner surface of the second lens 2, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film layer 9, the quarter-wave plate film layer 8, the first linear polarization film layer 6, the inner surface of the first lens 1 and the outer surface of the first lens 1, the incident light is emitted to the human eyes 4, the human eyes 4 receive the light, the virtual scene and the real scene are superposed to the human eyes 4, and preferably, the imaging position 100 of the near-eye perspective head display optical imaging system is located on the side, deviating from the human eyes 4, of the second lens 2, and the imaging definition is guaranteed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical system further includes a large-viewing-angle optical dual channel, and the large-viewing-angle optical dual channel includes:
the display screen 3 comprises a first optical channel, a second optical channel and a third optical channel, wherein image light emitted by the display screen 3 is reflected by the first lens 1 and then enters the second lens 2, and is reflected by the second lens 2 and then transmits through the first lens 1 to form the first optical channel;
and a second optical channel, wherein external ambient light sequentially transmits through the second lens 2 and the first lens 1 to form a second optical channel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display 3 is an LCD display, or an LCOS display.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first linear polarization film 6 is disposed on a side of the first lens element 1 facing the triangular prism-like space.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display 3 is an unpolarized image emitter, and a second linearly polarized film 11 is disposed on a side of the triangular prism-like space facing the first lens 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second linearly polarizing film layer 11 is a transmissive polarizing film layer, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light of the transmissive polarizing film layer is perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the first linearly polarizing film layer 6.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the display screen 3 includes, but is not limited to, an LCD display screen, an LCOS display screen, an OLED display screen, or other image generator. When the display 3 is a non-polarized image generator such as an OLED display, a second linearly-polarized film layer 11 is preferably added on the surface of the display, the second linearly-polarized film layer 11 is preferably a transmissive polarized film layer, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light is required to be perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the first linearly-polarized film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1, so that the image light emitted by the OLED display is converted into light capable of being reflected by the first linearly-polarized film layer 6 on the inner surface of the first lens 1 through the second linearly-polarized film layer 11, and at the same time, the influence of part of stray light can be reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wire grid 5 is further included and is disposed between the display screen 3 and the first lens 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first antireflection film layer 7 is disposed on a side of the first lens element 1 facing away from the triangular prism-like space.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a half-transparent film layer 9 and a quarter-wave plate film layer 8 are disposed on a side of the second lens 2 facing the first lens 1, and the quarter-wave plate film layer 8 is located between the first lens 1 and the half-transparent film layer 9.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a better angle between the optical axis direction of the quarter-wave plate 8 and the polarization direction of a first linear polarization reflective film 6 disposed on a side of the first lens 1 facing the display screen 3 is 45 degrees.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflectivity of the transflective film layer 9 is more preferably 30% and the transmittance is 70%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second antireflection film layer 10 is disposed on a side of the second lens element 2 facing away from the triangular prism-like space.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first lens element 1 is a thin lens element, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the first lens element 1 is less than 2 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first lens element 1 is a hyperbolic paraboloid, a single-curved paraboloid, an XY polynomial free-form surface, or a zernike polynomial free-form surface.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first lens 1 is a thin and uniform lens, or the thickness difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness is less than 2mm, and the mathematical expressions of the surface types thereof include, but are not limited to, hyperbolic paraboloid, single-curved paraboloid, XY polynomial free-form surface, and zernike polynomial free-form surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface types of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are both XY polynomial free-form surfaces, and the expression thereof is:
Figure BDA0002483172360000091
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, cmnThe coefficients of different orders are provided, p is the highest power of the polynomial, m + n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to p, and the even-order X term is selected to ensure the symmetry of the surface type about the YOZ surface. It is noted that the surface type coefficients of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are preferably specific and different.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 is a zernike polynomial free-form surface, and the expression thereof is:
Figure BDA0002483172360000101
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, the second term is a Zernike polynomial, AiIs a Zernike polynomial coefficient, EiIs a Zernike polynomial and p and θ are variables of the Zernike polynomial, respectively. It is noted that the surface type coefficients of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are preferably specific and different.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape of the first lens element 1 and/or the second lens element 2 is a toric surface, and the expression thereof is:
Figure BDA0002483172360000102
wherein, cxIs the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X-Z plane in the X direction, cyIs the radius of curvature, k, of the curved surface in the Y-Z plane in the Y directionxIs the coefficient of the quadratic surface, k, of the curved surface in the X directionyIs the coefficient of the quadric surface of the curved surface in the Y direction, AiIs an aspherical coefficient rotationally symmetric about the Z axis, BiAre non-rotationally symmetric coefficients. It is noted that the surface type coefficients of the first lens 1 and/or the second lens 2 are preferably specific and different.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second lens element 2 is a thin lens element, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the second lens element 2 is less than 2 mm.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as a concave magnifying diopter, the mathematical expression of the surface type of the second lens 2 includes, but is not limited to, spherical, aspherical and free-form surfaces.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second lens element 2 has an even aspheric surface, and the expression thereof is:
Figure BDA0002483172360000111
where c is the radius of curvature, k is the conic coefficient, r is the half aperture of the lens, α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8The coefficients of the second order term, the fourth order term, the sixth order term, the eighth order term, the tenth order term, the twelfth order term, the fourteenth order term and the sixteenth order term are respectively.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (20)

1.一种近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，包括：第一透镜、第二透镜与一显示屏；所述第一透镜的一边与所述显示屏的一边贴合，所述第二透镜的一边与所述显示屏的另一边贴合，所述第一透镜的另一边与所述第二透镜的另一边贴合，所述第一透镜、所述第二透镜和所述显示屏围布形成一个类三角柱体空间；其特征在于，所述第一透镜的面型为类马鞍型自由曲面。1. A near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system, comprising: a first lens, a second lens and a display screen; one side of the first lens is attached to one side of the display screen, and the second lens is One side is attached to the other side of the display screen, the other side of the first lens is attached to the other side of the second lens, the first lens, the second lens and the display screen are surrounded by cloth A triangular cylinder-like space is formed; characterized in that, the surface type of the first lens is a saddle-like free-form surface. 2.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，还包括一大视角光学双通道，所述大视角光学双通道包括：2. The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1, further comprising a large viewing angle optical dual channel, the large viewing angle optical dual channel comprising: 第一光学通道，所述显示屏发射的图像光线经所述第一透镜反射后入射至所述第二透镜，并经由所述第二透镜反射后透射所述第一透镜，形成所述第一光学通道；The first optical channel, the image light emitted by the display screen is reflected by the first lens and then incident to the second lens, and reflected by the second lens and then transmitted through the first lens to form the first optical channel. optical channel; 第二光学通道，外部环境光线依次透射所述第二透镜和所述第一透镜形成所述第二光学通道。In the second optical channel, the external ambient light transmits the second lens and the first lens in sequence to form the second optical channel. 3.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述显示屏为LCD显示屏，或LCOS显示屏。3 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein the display screen is an LCD display screen or an LCOS display screen. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的朝向所述类三角柱体空间的一侧设有一第一线偏振膜层。4 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein a first linear polarizing film layer is provided on the side of the first lens facing the triangular prism-like space. 5 . 5.根据权利要求4所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述显示屏为非偏振图像发射器，且所述类三角柱体空间的朝向所述第一透镜一侧设有一第二线偏振膜层。5 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 4 , wherein the display screen is a non-polarized image transmitter, and a side of the triangular prism-like space facing the first lens is provided. 6 . There is a second linear polarizing film layer. 6.根据权利要求5所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第二线偏振膜层为透射式偏振膜层，且所述透射式偏振膜层的透射光的偏振方向与所述第一线偏振膜层的偏振轴方向垂直。6 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 5 , wherein the second linear polarizing film layer is a transmissive polarizing film layer, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light of the transmissive polarizing film layer is 6 . It is perpendicular to the direction of the polarization axis of the first linearly polarizing film layer. 7.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，还包括一线栅，设置于所述显示屏和所述第一透镜之间。7 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , further comprising a wire grid disposed between the display screen and the first lens. 8 . 8.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的背离所述类三角柱体空间的一侧设有一第一增透膜层。8 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein a first anti-reflection coating layer is provided on the side of the first lens away from the triangular cylinder-like space. 9 . 9.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第二透镜的朝向所述类三角柱体空间的一侧设有一半透半反膜层和/或一四分之一波片膜层。9. The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1, wherein a side of the second lens facing the triangular prism-like space is provided with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film layer and/or a Quarter wave plate film. 10.根据权利要求9所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述四分之一波片膜层的光轴方向与所述第一透镜的朝向所述类三角柱体空间的一侧设置的一第一线偏振透膜层的偏振方向的夹角为40度～50度。10 . The near-eye see-through head-mounted optical imaging system according to claim 9 , wherein the optical axis direction of the quarter-wave plate film layer is the same as the direction of the first lens toward the triangular cylinder-like space. 11 . The included angle between the polarization directions of a first linearly polarized transparent film layer disposed on one side of the film is 40 degrees to 50 degrees. 11.根据权利要求9所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述半透半反膜层的反射率为25％～35％，透过率为65％～75％。11 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 9 , wherein the transflective film layer has a reflectance of 25% to 35% and a transmittance of 65% to 75%. 12 . 12.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第二透镜的背离所述类三角柱体空间的一侧设有一第二增透膜层。12 . The near-eye see-through head-mounted optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein a second anti-reflection coating layer is provided on the side of the second lens away from the triangular cylinder-like space. 13 . 13.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜为均厚薄镜片，或所述第一透镜的最大厚度与最小厚度之差小于2mm。13 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein the first lens is a thin lens of uniform thickness, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the first lens is less than 2 mm. 14 . 14.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜的面型为双曲抛物面、单曲抛物面、XY多项式自由曲面，或泽尼克多项式自由曲面。14. The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1, wherein the surface shape of the first lens is a hyperbolic paraboloid, a single-curved paraboloid, an XY polynomial free-form surface, or a Zernike polynomial free-form surface . 15.根据权利要求14所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜和/或所述第二透镜的面型均为XY多项式自由曲面，其表达式为：15. The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 14, wherein the surface shapes of the first lens and/or the second lens are both XY polynomial free-form surfaces, and the expression is:
Figure FDA0002483172350000031
Figure FDA0002483172350000031
 其中，c是曲率半径，k是二次曲面系数，cmn是不同阶数的系数，p是多项式的最高次幂，满足1≤m+n≤p，选择偶次X项，保证面型关于YOZ面的对称性。Among them, c is the radius of curvature, k is the quadratic surface coefficient, c mn is the coefficient of different orders, p is the highest power of the polynomial, satisfies 1≤m+n≤p, select the even-order X term, to ensure that the surface type is about Symmetry of the YOZ plane. 16.根据权利要求14所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜和/或所述第二透镜的面型均为泽尼克多项式自由曲面，其表达式为：16 . The near-eye see-through head-mounted optical imaging system according to claim 14 , wherein the surface shapes of the first lens and/or the second lens are both Zernike polynomial free-form surfaces, and the expression is: 16 . :
Figure FDA0002483172350000032
Figure FDA0002483172350000032
 其中，c是曲率半径，k是二次曲面系数，第二项是Zernike多项式，Ai是所述Zernike多项式系数，Ei是所述Zernike多项式，ρ和θ分别是所述Zernike多项式的变量。where c is the radius of curvature, k is the quadratic surface coefficient, the second term is the Zernike polynomial, A i is the Zernike polynomial coefficient, E i is the Zernike polynomial, and ρ and θ are the variables of the Zernike polynomial, respectively. 17.根据权利要求14所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜和/或所述第二透镜的面型均为复曲面，其表达式为：17. The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 14, wherein the surface shape of the first lens and/or the second lens is a toric surface, and its expression is:
Figure FDA0002483172350000041
Figure FDA0002483172350000041
 其中，cx是曲面在X-Z平面内X方向的曲率半径，cy是曲面在Y-Z平面内Y方向的曲率半径，kx是曲面在X方向的二次曲面系数，ky是曲面在Y方向的二次曲面系数，Ai是关于Z轴旋转对称的非球面系数，Bi是非旋转对称系数。where c x is the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X direction in the XZ plane, c y is the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the Y direction in the YZ plane, k x is the quadratic surface coefficient of the curved surface in the X direction, and ky is the curved surface in the Y direction The quadratic surface coefficient of , A i is the aspherical coefficient of rotational symmetry about the Z axis, and B i is the non-rotational symmetry coefficient. 18.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第二透镜为均厚薄镜片，或所述第二透镜的最大厚度与最小厚度之差小于2mm。18 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein the second lens is a thin lens of uniform thickness, or the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the second lens is less than 2 mm. 19 . 19.根据权利要求1所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第二透镜的面型为球面、非球面，或自由曲面。19 . The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 1 , wherein the surface type of the second lens is a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, or a free-form surface. 20 . 20.根据权利要求19所述的近眼可透视头显光学成像系统，其特征在于，所述第二透镜的面型为偶次非球面，其表达式为：20. The near-eye see-through head-display optical imaging system according to claim 19, wherein the surface shape of the second lens is an even-order aspherical surface, and its expression is:
Figure FDA0002483172350000042
Figure FDA0002483172350000042
 其中，c是曲率半径，k是二次曲面系数，r是透镜的半孔径，α1、α2、α3、α4、α5、α6、α7、α8分别为二阶项、四阶项、六阶项、八阶项、十阶项、十二阶项、十四阶项、十六阶项的系数。where c is the radius of curvature, k is the quadratic surface coefficient, r is the semi-aperture of the lens, α 1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 4 , α 5 , α 6 , α 7 , α 8 are the second-order terms, The coefficients of the fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, tenth-order, twelfth-order, fourteenth-order, and sixteenth-order terms.
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