CN113603438A - High-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material prepared from tailings and preparation method - Google Patents
High-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material prepared from tailings and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113603438A CN113603438A CN202110857700.2A CN202110857700A CN113603438A CN 113603438 A CN113603438 A CN 113603438A CN 202110857700 A CN202110857700 A CN 202110857700A CN 113603438 A CN113603438 A CN 113603438A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00008—Obtaining or using nanotechnology related materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material prepared by tailings and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25% of cement, 50-65% of tailing sand, 0.5-1% of nano calcium carbonate, 2-7% of gypsum, 0.15-0.2% of aluminum powder, 1-5% of high-strength ceramsite, 2-5% of water reducing agent and water. The autoclaved aerated concrete prepared by the steps of pouring, forming, standing, pre-curing, autoclaved curing and the like by taking cement, tailing sand and gypsum as basic raw materials and aluminum powder as a gas former has the characteristics of light weight, porous concrete, small heat conductivity coefficient, good fire resistance, processability and the like, and can be widely applied to internal and external wall materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing recycling, in particular to a method for preparing a high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by utilizing tailings.
Background
The foundation for human survival includes mineral resources, and the mineral resources are exploited in large quantities to generate social problems while promoting the development of economic society, wherein the utilization rate of tailings is typically low, and the quantity of tailings in China is large, so that a large amount of land resources are occupied, environmental pollution is caused, and the survival and development of human are seriously threatened. In order to fully utilize mineral resources, tailings are generally subjected to: recovering valuable metals, manufacturing building materials, filling goafs and manufacturing soil conditioners. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the production of building materials by using tailings, particularly to the aspects of making bricks, tiles, cement and the like by using the tailings, the development speed is high, and more ideal effects are obtained. The iron tailing bricks are prepared by doping other raw materials in the main body material of the iron tailing, so that higher compressive strength and flexural strength can be obtained, and the market popularization value is higher. According to research, the main chemical components of the tailing sand are silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide and other substances, and the tailing sand has the poor characteristics of small uneven coefficient, poor gradation, large specific surface area and the like, so that the application approach of the tailing sand in the aspect of building engineering materials is limited. For autoclaved aerated concrete, the tailing sand can be utilized to a great extent. The method not only can solve the problems of difficult siliceous raw materials of the autoclaved aerated concrete and sustainable development of the industry, but also provides a better way for the application of the tailing sand.
Disclosure of Invention
1. The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material prepared by utilizing tailings, designs a formula for generating autoclaved aerated concrete by utilizing the existing tailings resources and starting from effective components of the tailings and a generation method thereof, and the performance of analyzing the cost according to the generated finished product meets the standard requirement of autoclaved aerated concrete block (GB 11968-2006).
2. The technical scheme is as follows:
the method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concrete comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 15-25% of cement, 50-65% of tailing sand, 0.5-1% of nano calcium carbonate, 2-7% of gypsum, 0.15-0.2% of aluminum powder, 1-5% of high-strength ceramsite, 2-5% of water reducing agent and water.
Further, the fineness of the tailing sand is 3500; the tailing sand contains 70-80% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-10% of ferric oxide and 2-10% of calcium oxide.
Furthermore, the fineness of the nano calcium carbonate is 1-5 um.
Further, the polypropylene fiber is also included; the content of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1-0.2%.
A method for preparing a high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
(1) Preparing materials: grinding the tailing sand into powder, adding cement, mixing, adding calcium carbonate, stirring, standing for 20-50min, and adding gypsum and high-strength ceramsite to prepare a dry material; stirring the dry materials while introducing 65 ℃ steam and heating to prepare mixed slurry.
(2) Pulping: and (3) putting the aluminum powder, the water reducing agent and the water into the mixed slurry, and stirring for 2min to prepare the slurry.
(3) Blank preparation: pouring the slurry in a blank mold; and (3) at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, forming air, standing still for 3-5h, and demoulding to prepare a blank.
(4) Steam pressure curing: and transferring the prepared green body into a steam curing chamber for steam curing to prepare the autoclaved aerated concrete.
Furthermore, the pressure of the steam curing chamber is 1.2-1.6MPa, and the steam curing time is 5-6 h.
Further, the step (4) also comprises the steps of naturally cooling after steaming and then placing in an oven for drying.
3. Has the advantages that:
(1) the autoclaved aerated concrete disclosed by the invention is prepared by taking cement, tailing sand and gypsum as basic raw materials and taking aluminum powder as a gas former to carry out the steps of pouring forming, standing still, pre-curing, autoclaved curing and the like, has the characteristics of light weight and porous concrete, has the performance characteristics of small heat conductivity coefficient, good fire resistance, processability and the like, and can be widely applied to internal and external wall materials.
(2) The compressive strength and the dry density of the autoclaved aerated concrete prepared by the invention both meet the requirements of grade A7.5 and grade B07 of autoclaved aerated concrete block (GB 11968-2006).
(3) The main phases of the autoclaved aerated concrete generated by the method are amorphous CSH gel, semi-crystalline CSH (I), tobermorite and a small amount of anhydrite, and a large amount of flocculent gel is cemented with crystal particles to enhance the strength of a sample; part of Si-O-Si and Al-O-Al are broken, and the AlO4 replaces the Si-O-Si in the SiO4 to form the asymmetric stretching vibration of the Al-O-Si, so that aluminum-containing tobermorite with higher strength is generated, and the further improvement of the AAC strength is promoted; the acicular tobermorite and a small amount of hexagonal columnar anhydrite are inserted into the porous structure to form a porous structure, which is beneficial to reducing the density of a sample.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below.
The method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concrete comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 15-25% of cement, 50-65% of tailing sand, 0.5-1% of nano calcium carbonate, 2-7% of gypsum, 0.15-0.2% of aluminum powder, 1-5% of high-strength ceramsite, 2-5% of water reducing agent and water.
Further, the fineness of the tailing sand is 3500; the tailing sand contains 70-80% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-10% of ferric oxide and 2-10% of calcium oxide.
Furthermore, the fineness of the nano calcium carbonate is 1-5 um.
Further, the polypropylene fiber is also included; the content of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1-0.2%.
A method for preparing a high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
(1) Preparing materials: grinding the tailing sand into powder, adding cement, mixing, adding calcium carbonate, stirring, standing for 20-50min, and adding gypsum and high-strength ceramsite to prepare a dry material; stirring the dry materials while introducing 65 ℃ steam and heating to prepare mixed slurry.
(2) Pulping: and (3) putting the aluminum powder, the water reducing agent and the water into the mixed slurry, and stirring for 2min to prepare the slurry.
(3) Blank preparation: pouring the slurry in a blank mold; and (3) at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, forming air, standing still for 3-5h, and demoulding to prepare a blank.
(4) Steam pressure curing: and transferring the prepared green body into a steam curing chamber for steam curing to prepare the autoclaved aerated concrete.
Furthermore, the pressure of the steam curing chamber is 1.2-1.6MPa, and the steam curing time is 5-6 h.
Further, the step (4) also comprises the steps of naturally cooling after steaming and then placing in an oven for drying.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
example 1:
proportioning: 15% of cement, 65% of tailing sand, 0.5% of nano calcium carbonate, 7% of gypsum, 0.2% of aluminum powder, 5% of high-strength ceramsite and 2% of water reducing agent.
Preparing: weighing according to the above formula; grinding the tailing sand into powder, adding cement, mixing, adding calcium carbonate, stirring, standing for 20-50min, and adding gypsum and high-strength ceramsite to prepare a dry material; stirring the dry materials and introducing 65 ℃ steam for heating to prepare mixed slurry; putting aluminum powder, a water reducing agent and water into the mixed slurry, stirring for 2min to prepare slurry, and pouring the slurry into a blank mold; at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, gas is generated and the mixture is kept for 3-5h, and then the mixture is demoulded to prepare a blank; and transferring the prepared green body into a steam curing chamber to perform steam curing under the pressure of 1.3 MPa to prepare the autoclaved aerated concrete.
Example 2:
proportioning: 20% of cement, 60% of tailing sand, 1% of nano calcium carbonate, 5% of gypsum, 0.2% of aluminum powder, 2.5% of high-strength ceramsite and 3% of water reducing agent.
Preparing: weighing according to the above formula; grinding the tailing sand into powder, adding cement, mixing, adding calcium carbonate, stirring, standing for 20-50min, and adding gypsum and high-strength ceramsite to prepare a dry material; stirring the dry materials and introducing 65 ℃ steam for heating to prepare mixed slurry; putting aluminum powder, a water reducing agent and water into the mixed slurry, stirring for 2min to prepare slurry, and pouring the slurry into a blank mold; at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, gas is generated and the mixture is kept for 3-5h, and then the mixture is demoulded to prepare a blank; and transferring the prepared green body into a steam curing chamber to perform steam curing under the pressure of 1.5 MPa to prepare the autoclaved aerated concrete.
Example 3:
proportioning: 25% of cement, 50% of tailing sand, 0.7% of nano calcium carbonate, 5% of gypsum, 0.17% of aluminum powder, 3% of high-strength ceramsite and 4% of water reducing agent.
Preparing: weighing according to the above formula; grinding the tailing sand into powder, adding cement, mixing, adding calcium carbonate, stirring, standing for 20-50min, and adding gypsum and high-strength ceramsite to prepare a dry material; stirring the dry materials and introducing 65 ℃ steam for heating to prepare mixed slurry; putting aluminum powder, a water reducing agent and water into the mixed slurry, stirring for 2min to prepare slurry, and pouring the slurry into a blank mold; at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, gas is generated and the mixture is kept for 3-5h, and then the mixture is demoulded to prepare a blank; and transferring the prepared green body into a steam curing chamber to perform steam curing under the pressure of 1.6MPa to prepare the autoclaved aerated concrete.
The performance test of the compressive strength of the product, namely the autoclaved aerated concrete, generated in each specific embodiment is as follows:
the tests refer to B/T11969-2008 'test method for autoclaved aerated concrete performance' for performance detection.
The dry density measurement method comprises the following steps: taking 3 well-maintained cube test blocks with the size of 100 mmxl00 mmxl00 mil to check the appearance size, measuring the length, width and height of the test blocks in 3 directions to be accurate to 1 mm, calculating the volume average value y of the test blocks, weighing the mass average value of the test blocks to be accurate to 1 g. Placing the 3 test pieces into a drying oven, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃ for 24h, and then 105oDrying to constant quality under C to calculate average value M0. The dry density of the block is: ro = Mo 106/V in kg/m3。
As can be seen from Table 1, the autoclaved aerated concrete prepared by the invention has higher strength, and multiple indexes meet the requirements of superior products.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concrete comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 15-25% of cement, 50-65% of tailing sand, 0.5-1% of nano calcium carbonate, 2-7% of gypsum, 0.15-0.2% of aluminum powder, 1-5% of high-strength ceramsite, 2-5% of water reducing agent and water.
2. The method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fineness of the tailing sand is 3500; the tailing sand contains 70-80% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-10% of ferric oxide and 2-10% of calcium oxide.
3. The method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fineness of the nano calcium carbonate is 1-5 um.
4. The method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also included are polypropylene fibers; the content of the polypropylene fiber is 0.1-0.2%.
5. A preparation method for preparing a high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
(1) Preparing materials: grinding the tailing sand into powder, adding cement, mixing, adding calcium carbonate, stirring, standing for 20-50min, and adding gypsum and high-strength ceramsite to prepare a dry material; stirring the dry materials and introducing 65 ℃ steam for heating to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) pulping: putting aluminum powder, a water reducing agent and water into the mixed slurry, and stirring for 2min to prepare slurry;
(3) blank preparation: pouring the slurry in a blank mold; at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, gas is generated and the mixture is kept for 3-5h, and then the mixture is demoulded to prepare a blank;
(4) steam pressure curing: and transferring the prepared green body into a steam curing chamber for steam curing to prepare the autoclaved aerated concrete.
6. The preparation method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the pressure of the steam curing chamber is 1.2-1.6MPa, and the steam curing time is 5-6 h.
7. The preparation method for preparing the high-performance autoclaved aerated concrete material by using the tailings as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: and (4) naturally cooling after steaming, and then placing in an oven for drying.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114605121A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-10 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Tungsten tailing autoclaved aerated concrete and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114605121A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-10 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Tungsten tailing autoclaved aerated concrete and preparation method thereof |
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