CN113600832A - Powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming block-shaped support - Google Patents
Powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming block-shaped support Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention relates to a powder-saving structure design method for a laser selective melting forming block support, which comprises the following steps: s1, setting a powder-saving structural unit by a UG parametric modeling method; s2, adding a support area according to the need of the forming part, generating block supports by using Magic software, exporting the generated block supports, storing the generated block supports as a stl format file, importing the exported block supports into Magic software, and setting the block support format as an entity on a part tool page; s3, determining an area for adding the powder-saving structure; s4, determining a powder-saving structure; and S5, performing Boolean operation on the blocky support and the powder-saving structure. The powder-saving structure is used for supporting a suspended surface in the selective laser melting and forming process of the metal component, can obviously improve the recovery rate of metal powder in the massive support on the premise of ensuring the strength of the massive support structure, and can be designed in a parameterization mode and flexibly modified aiming at different massive supports.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a powder-saving structure design method for forming a blocky support by selective laser melting, belonging to the field of rapid forming in advanced laser manufacturing.
Background
When the metal component is formed by selective laser melting, support is required to be added. The support styles commonly used at present are mainly block-shaped supports. The block-shaped support can grow upwards from the substrate surface to support the overhanging surface of the forming part and can also grow upwards from the surface of the forming part, so that the normal forming of the forming part is ensured while the supporting quantity is saved. The use of a massive support allows for a clear distinction between the form and the support, and the massive support is generally less strong than the form and is easily removed during subsequent processing. However, in the actual use process, the difficulty of cleaning the metal powder in the support is high, the required time is long, and the powder is often cleaned and recovered by means of high-pressure gas blowing, mechanical vibration and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing block-shaped support structure, the invention provides a powder-saving structure for selective laser melting and forming of the block-shaped support. The structure can obviously improve the recovery rate of the metal powder in the blocky support on the premise of not reducing the strength of the blocky support structure, and the powder-saving structure can be parametrically designed and flexibly modified aiming at different blocky supports.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming of block-shaped supports comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a powder-saving structural unit by a UG parametric modeling method:
constructing a powder-saving structural unit by using a UG parametric modeling method, and setting parameters of the powder-saving structural unit at an initial stage; after setting parameters, constraining the set parameters through UG software;
s2, adding a support area according to the need of the forming part, generating block supports by using Magic software, exporting the generated block supports, storing the generated block supports as a stl format file, importing the exported block supports into Magic software, and setting the block support format as an entity on a part tool page;
s3, determining the added area of the powder-saving structure: measuring the size of the generated blocky support in Magic software, and calculating the area added by the powder-saving structure in the formed part;
s4, determining a powder-saving structure;
s5, performing Boolean operation on the blocky support and the powder-saving structure: and importing the powder-saving structure into Magic software, selecting a view and a coordinate position, and performing Boolean operation of powder-saving structure reduction on the blocky support to obtain the blocky support with the powder-saving structure.
In step S1, the parameters of the set powder-saving structural unit include: the cross section of each powder-saving structural unit is hexagonal, the side lengths of the powder-saving structural units are a and b respectively, the included angle of two sides with the side lengths of a is pi-2 alpha, and the distances X1, Y1 and Z1 of the adjacent powder-saving structural units in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis are included.
Z1 is greater than 0 and X1 or Y1 is equal to 0.
The angle alpha of the powder-saving structural unit is larger than the angle generated by the supporting surface.
The forming piece is made of metal materials, the powder-saving structure is the same as the forming piece, and the metal materials are stainless steel, nickel-based high-temperature alloy or titanium alloy.
In the step S2, under the setting that the supporting surface angle is α, a support is added to the shaped part in the support generation mode, and the support type is selected as a block support; when the generated blocky support is exported in Magic software, stitching the blocky support, exporting the blocky support into stl format, and setting the type of the original blocky support as no support and quitting the support generation model; and after the exported block support is imported, the attribute of the part tool page is adjusted to the entity from the support.
In the step S3, the forming piece display model is firstly adjusted to be hidden, and the block support can be measured by opening a ruler or selecting a command for viewing the size of a part in a Magic view interface; the method comprises the following steps of scaling a measurement area according to the size of a support surface added to a part and the size of the measurement area, wherein the specific principle is as follows: the positive upward zooming distance of the Z axis is more than or equal to 3mm, and the zooming distances in the X axis and the Y axis are both more than or equal to 2 mm.
In the step S4, the style and number of the powder-saving structure unit are determined according to the size of the region added with the powder-saving structure, the powder-saving structure is obtained from the powder-saving structure unit array in the UG software, and the powder-saving structure is exported to a file in the stl format.
In step S4, the powder-saving structural units are arrayed, and the adjacent tolerance and the triangular tolerance are both set to 0.001.
In the step S5, the powder-saving structure is imported into Magic software, the center of the powder-saving structure and the center of the block-shaped support are overlapped in the top view, the left view and the front view, and boolean operation of reducing the powder-saving structure is performed on the block-shaped support, so as to obtain the block-shaped support with the powder-saving structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, UG parameterization is utilized for design modeling, and the powder-saving structure can be rapidly adjusted. The support is mainly used for supporting the overhanging surface in the selective laser melting and forming process of the metal member, and saves metal powder while ensuring the forming quality of a formed piece.
(2) The invention can optimize the structure of the block support generated in Magic software, and improve the recovery rate of powder on the premise of ensuring the stability and strength of the block support.
(3) The powder-saving structural units and the number of the powder-saving structural units designed by the method can be changed according to needs, and the powder-saving requirements of different degrees are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the powder saving structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the pattern characteristics of the powder-saving structural unit of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a block support without the application of a powder-saving structure.
Fig. 4 is a block support using a powder saving structure.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming of block-shaped supports comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a powder-saving structural unit by a UG parametric modeling method: constructing a powder-saving structural unit by using a UG parametric modeling method, and setting the following parameters at the initial design stage: the cross section of each powder-saving structure unit is an axisymmetric hexagon, the side lengths of the powder-saving structure units are a and b respectively, the included angle of two sides with the side length being a is pi-2 alpha, and the distances of the adjacent powder-saving structure units in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, such as X1, Y1, Z1 and the like, are six parameters, and after the parameters are set, the set parameters are constrained through UG software; the control of the form and the distance of the powder-saving structure unit can be realized by modifying parameters subsequently;
and S2, adding a support area according to the need of the forming part, generating block supports by using Magic software, exporting the generated block supports, storing the generated block supports in a stl format, importing the exported supports into the Magic software, and setting the support format as an entity on a part tool page.
S3, determining the added area of the powder-saving structure: the dimensions of the generated block-shaped support can be measured in Magic software, and the area added by the powder-saving structure in the formed part is calculated.
S4, determining a powder-saving structure: and confirming the style and the number of the powder-saving structure units according to the size of the added area of the powder-saving structure, obtaining the powder-saving structure from the powder-saving structure unit array in UG software, and exporting the powder-saving structure into an stl format.
S5, performing Boolean operation on the blocky support and the powder-saving structure: and importing the powder-saving structure into Magic software, selecting a proper view and a proper coordinate position, and performing Boolean operation of powder-saving structure reduction on the blocky support, thereby obtaining the blocky support with the powder-saving structure.
In the step S1, Z1 is greater than 0, and X1 or Y1 is equal to 0.
In step S2, under the setting of the supporting surface angle α, the molded article is supported in the support generation mode, and the support type is selected as the block support. When the generated blocky support is exported in Magic software, the blocky support is stitched, after the blocky support is exported to be in stl format, the original blocky support type is set to be free, and the support generation model is quitted. And after the exported block support is imported, the attribute of the part tool page is adjusted to the entity from the support.
In step S3, the forming part display model is first turned to be hidden, and the measurement of the block support can be performed by opening the ruler or selecting the command for viewing the part size in the Magic view interface. The method comprises the following steps of scaling a measurement area according to the size of a support surface added to a part and the size of the measurement area, wherein the specific principle is as follows: the positive upward zooming distance of the Z axis is more than or equal to 3mm, and the zooming distances in the X axis and the Y axis are both more than or equal to 2 mm.
In the step S5, the powder-saving structure is imported into Magic software, the center of the powder-saving structure and the center of the block-shaped support are overlapped in the top view, the left view and the front view, and boolean operation of reducing the powder-saving structure is performed on the block-shaped support, so as to obtain the block-shaped support with the powder-saving structure.
The forming piece is made of metal materials, the powder-saving structure is the same as the forming piece, and the metal materials are stainless steel, nickel-based high-temperature alloy or titanium alloy.
The angle alpha of the powder-saving structure unit is larger than the angle formed by the supporting surface, so that the powder-saving structure can be self-formed in the selective laser melting forming process, and the function of saving metal powder is realized.
And the block support is led out and led in, and the format is set as an entity, so that Boolean operation of the block support in Magic software can be realized.
The resulting bulk support region can be measured and scaled in the direction X, Y, Z, e.g., by 3-6mm in the Z-axis from the substrate, the vicinity of the shaped piece, and thus a region with added powder-saving structure is obtained.
And (4) arraying the powder-saving structure units, wherein the adjacent tolerance and the triangular tolerance are set to be 0.001, so that the surface quality of the powder-saving structure is ensured to be good.
And carrying out position alignment on the blocky support and the powder-saving structure in Magic software under a top view, a left view and a front view, carrying out Boolean operation of powder-saving structure reduction on the blocky support, and setting the gap between the blocky support and the powder-saving structure to be 0mm, thereby obtaining the blocky support with the powder-saving structure.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the method for designing the bulk supporting powder-saving structure is as follows:
(1) designing a powder-saving structural unit by a UG parametric modeling method: constructing a powder-saving structural unit by using a UG parametric modeling method, and assigning values to each parameter: the side length a of the powder-saving structure unit is 2mm, the side length b of the powder-saving structure unit is 2mm, and the angle alpha is 45 degrees; the distances X of the adjacent powder-saving structural units in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions1、Y1、Z1Respectively 2mm, 0mm and 4 mm.
(2) According to the area of the formed part needing to be added with the support, block supports are generated by using Magic software, the generated block supports are as shown in figure 2, the generated block supports are exported and stored in stl format, the exported supports are imported into Magic, and the support format is set as a solid body on a part tool page.
(3) Determining the area of the powder-saving structure addition: the size of the generated block-shaped support can be measured in Magic software, the sizes of the block-shaped support in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are respectively 200mm, 200mm and 100mm, and meanwhile, powder-saving structural design is not carried out in the Z-axis direction within 10mm from the substrate and within 10mm from the forming part so as to ensure the support strength.
(4) Determining a powder-saving structure: according to the size of the adding area of the powder saving structure, the style and the number of the powder saving structure units are confirmed, the powder saving structure is obtained by the powder saving structure unit array in UG software, and the powder saving structure is led out to be in an stl format, and the adjacent tolerance and the triangular tolerance are set to be 0.001, so that the surface quality of the powder saving structure is guaranteed to be good.
(5) Performing Boolean operation on the blocky support and the powder-saving structure: and (3) importing the powder-saving structure into Magic software, setting a moving center as the center of the powder-saving structure on coordinates of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, aligning the center of the powder-saving structure with the block-shaped support on a front view, a left view and a top view respectively, performing Boolean operation of powder-saving structure reduction on the block-shaped support, and setting the gap between the block-shaped support and the powder-saving structure to be 0mm, thereby obtaining the block-shaped support with the powder-saving structure.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and various changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, etc. made under the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A powder-saving structure design method for selective laser melting and forming of blocky supports is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, setting a powder-saving structural unit by a UG parametric modeling method:
constructing a powder-saving structural unit by using a UG parametric modeling method, and setting parameters of the powder-saving structural unit at an initial stage; after setting parameters, constraining the set parameters through UG software;
s2, adding a support area according to the need of the forming part, generating block supports by using Magic software, exporting the generated block supports, storing the generated block supports as a stl format file, importing the exported block supports into Magic software, and setting the block support format as an entity on a part tool page;
s3, determining the added area of the powder-saving structure: measuring the size of the generated blocky support in Magic software, and calculating the area added by the powder-saving structure in the formed part;
s4, determining a powder-saving structure;
s5, performing Boolean operation on the blocky support and the powder-saving structure: and importing the powder-saving structure into Magic software, selecting a view and a coordinate position, and performing Boolean operation of powder-saving structure reduction on the blocky support to obtain the blocky support with the powder-saving structure.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parameters of the powder-saving structural unit set in step S1 include: the cross section of each powder-saving structural unit is hexagonal, the side lengths of the powder-saving structural units are a and b respectively, the included angle of two sides with the side lengths of a is pi-2 alpha, and the distances X1, Y1 and Z1 of the adjacent powder-saving structural units in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis are included.
3. The design method of powder-saving structure for selective laser melting and forming of block support as claimed in claim 2, wherein Z1 is greater than 0, and X1 or Y1 is equal to 0.
4. The design method of the powder-saving structure for the selective laser melting forming block support according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the angle alpha of the powder-saving structural unit is larger than the angle generated by the supporting surface.
5. The design method of a powder-saving structure for a laser selective melting forming block support as claimed in claim 4, wherein the forming member is made of metal material, the powder-saving structure is the same as the forming member, and the metal material is stainless steel, nickel-based superalloy or titanium alloy.
6. The method for designing a powder-saving structure for a laser selective melting forming block support according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, under the setting of the angle of the supporting surface as α, the support is added to the forming part in the support generation mode, and the type of the support is selected as the block support; when the generated blocky support is exported in Magic software, stitching the blocky support, exporting the blocky support into stl format, and setting the type of the original blocky support as no support and quitting the support generation model; and after the exported block support is imported, the attribute of the part tool page is adjusted to the entity from the support.
7. The design method of powder-saving structure for melting and forming blocky support in selective laser area according to claim 6, wherein in step S3, the display model of the forming piece is first turned to be hidden, and the blocky support can be measured by opening the ruler in Magic view interface or selecting the command of viewing the size of the part; the method comprises the following steps of scaling a measurement area according to the size of a support surface added to a part and the size of the measurement area, wherein the specific principle is as follows: the positive upward zooming distance of the Z axis is more than or equal to 3mm, and the zooming distances in the X axis and the Y axis are both more than or equal to 2 mm.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S4, the style and number of the powder-saving structure units are determined according to the size of the region added by the powder-saving structure, the powder-saving structure is obtained from the powder-saving structure unit array in UG software, and the obtained powder-saving structure is exported to a file in the stl format.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S4, the powder-saving structural units are arrayed, and the adjacent tolerance and the triangular tolerance are both set to 0.001.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step S5, the powder-saving structure is introduced into Magic software, the powder-saving structure center and the block support center are overlapped in top view, left view and front view, and the boolean operation of powder-saving structure reduction is performed on the block support, so as to obtain the block support with the powder-saving structure.
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