CN113587491B - Two-stage generation absorption type heat pump air conditioner - Google Patents
Two-stage generation absorption type heat pump air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN113587491B CN113587491B CN202110911701.0A CN202110911701A CN113587491B CN 113587491 B CN113587491 B CN 113587491B CN 202110911701 A CN202110911701 A CN 202110911701A CN 113587491 B CN113587491 B CN 113587491B
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 58
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 159
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0014—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using absorption or desorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner, which comprises a first generator, a second generator, a condenser, an evaporation absorber, an absorber and an evaporator, wherein the first generator and the second generator are arranged to jointly generate refrigerant steam, so that two-stage generation is realized, and more refrigerant steam can be generated; through setting up absorber, evaporation absorber and evaporimeter realized doublestage absorption, solution is firstly absorbed in the absorber comes from the cryogen steam that produces in the evaporation absorber, then in getting into evaporation absorber, the cryogen steam that produces in the absorption evaporimeter, the absorption process is complete to make the solution in first generator and the second generator contain more cryogen, effectively solved among the prior art adopt single-effect circulation's absorption heat pump because the ability of extracting the cryogen is limited, thereby make the technical problem that refrigeration effect is not enough, realized the beneficial effect that improves refrigeration effect and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a two-stage generation absorption type heat pump air conditioner.
Background
The absorption heat pump takes heat energy as power, refrigeration is realized by adopting reverse Carnot cycle, and the main working principle of absorption refrigeration is as follows: the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat and evaporates in the evaporator, the vapor formed is absorbed by the absorbent, after which the absorbent, which absorbs the refrigerant vapor, is pumped by the solution to the generator where it is heated, separating the refrigerant vapor, which is condensed into a liquid in the condenser, and then throttled before entering the evaporator.
Absorption heat pumps are particularly suitable for applications where there is a lot of waste heat and refrigeration is required. The absorption double-effect refrigeration cycle can obtain higher refrigeration benefit, but has higher requirement on a driving heat source, when the temperature of the driving heat source actually provided is slightly lower than the temperature required by the double-effect refrigeration cycle, single-effect cycle is always forced to be adopted, the single-effect cycle has only one occurrence link and absorption link, and the capacity of extracting the refrigerant is limited, so that the refrigeration effect is insufficient.
Therefore, at least the following technical problems exist in the prior art: in the prior art, the absorption heat pump adopting the single-effect circulation has the defect of insufficient refrigeration effect due to limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner which is used for solving the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the fact that the capacity of extracting a refrigerant is limited by an absorption heat pump adopting single-effect circulation in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner, including:
A first generator; the heating part is arranged, and a refrigerant steam outlet of the first generator is connected with a refrigerant pipe;
a second generator, the solution outlet of the second generator being in communication with the solution inlet of the first generator;
a condenser, a first refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser being in communication with a refrigerant vapor outlet of the second generator, and the refrigerant tube passing sealingly through the second generator and in communication with a second refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser;
The first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the condenser through a throttling device, and the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the solution inlet of the second generator;
The refrigerant steam inlet of the absorber is communicated with the refrigerant steam outlet of the evaporation absorber, the solution inlet of the absorber is communicated with the solution outlet of the first generator, and the solution outlet of the absorber is communicated with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber;
And the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator is communicated with the first refrigerant outlet of the evaporation absorber.
Further, the solution inlet of the first generator is a first sprayer, and the solution outlet of the second generator is communicated with the inlet of the first sprayer through a first solution pump; the first sprayer is arranged at the upper part in the first generator, and the nozzle of the first sprayer faces to the heating part below to spray with the heating part below.
Further, the solution inlet of the second generator is a second sprayer, and the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the inlet of the second sprayer through a second solution pump; the second sprayer is arranged at the upper part in the second generator, and the nozzle of the second sprayer faces downwards to the refrigerant pipe so as to spray downwards to the refrigerant pipe.
Further, the air conditioner further includes:
The first heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange pipeline and a second heat exchange pipeline which exchange heat mutually, wherein the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber through the second solution pump, and the outlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the second generator; the inlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the first generator, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the absorber.
Further, the air conditioner further includes:
The second heat exchanger comprises a third heat exchange pipeline and a fourth heat exchange pipeline which exchange heat mutually, wherein the inlet end of the third heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber through the second solution pump, and the outlet end of the third heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline of the first heat exchanger; the inlet end of the fourth heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the generator, and the outlet end of the fourth heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber through a third solution pump.
Further, the air conditioning device further comprises a first circulating pipe, wherein the inlet end of the first circulating pipe is communicated with the second refrigerant outlet of the evaporation absorber through the first refrigerant pump, and the outlet end of the first circulating pipe is communicated with the second refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber.
Further, the air conditioning device further comprises a second circulating pipe, wherein the inlet end of the second circulating pipe is communicated with the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber, and the outlet end of the second circulating pipe is communicated with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber through the third solution pump.
Further, the heating part is a driving heat source pipeline arranged in the first generator, a steam inlet of the driving heat source pipeline is used for being connected with a high-temperature steam source, and a condensate outlet of the driving heat source pipeline is used for being connected with a condensate collecting part.
Further, the evaporator is provided with a cooled pipeline, a low-temperature hot water inlet of the cooled pipeline is used for being connected with a low-temperature hot water source, and a low-temperature hot water outlet of the cooled pipeline is used for being connected with a low-temperature hot water collecting part.
Further, the air conditioner further includes:
The hot water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorber and the condenser along the water flow direction, an inlet of the hot water supply pipeline is exposed out of the absorber and is communicated with a cold water source, and an outlet of the hot water supply pipeline is exposed out of the second generator and is communicated with a heat supply pipeline.
The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application at least have one or more of the following technical effects:
(1) According to the air conditioning device, the first generator and the second generator are arranged to jointly generate the refrigerant steam, so that two-stage generation is realized, the solution circularly flows in the first generator and the second generator, the refrigerant steam generated by the first generator is utilized to heat the solution in the second generator to generate the refrigerant steam, and more refrigerant steam can be generated; in addition, the embodiment of the application realizes double-stage absorption by arranging the absorber, the evaporation absorber and the evaporator, the solution firstly absorbs the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporation absorber in the absorber and then enters the evaporation absorber to absorb the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporator, and the absorption process is complete; so that the solution in the first generator and the second generator contains more cryogen. Therefore, the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can extract more refrigerant in the absorption refrigeration process, so that the refrigerating capacity is improved, the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant of the absorption heat pump adopting the single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
(2) The solution inlet of the first generator is a first sprayer, the solution inlet of the second generator is a second sprayer, and the first sprayer and the second sprayer can increase the contact time between the solution and the heating part or the refrigerant pipe, so that the heating effect is improved, and the first generator or the second generator can generate more refrigerant steam, so that the refrigerating effect is improved.
(3) The air conditioner further comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can both preheat a concentrated solution to be fed into the second generator, and precool a dilute solution to be fed into the absorber and the evaporation absorber, so that more refrigerant steam can be generated in the generation stage, more refrigerant can be absorbed by the solution in the absorption stage, more refrigerant is extracted in the absorption refrigeration process, the refrigeration capacity is improved, the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant in the absorption heat pump adopting single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
(4) The air conditioner comprises a first circulating pipe for realizing the circulation and absorption of the refrigerant in the evaporation absorber and a second circulating pipe for realizing the circulation and absorption of the solution in the evaporation absorber, wherein the first circulating pipe and the second circulating pipe play a role in enabling the refrigerant to be fully contacted with the solution, so that the absorption capacity of the refrigerant absorbed by the dilute solution is improved, more refrigerant is extracted in the absorption refrigeration process, and the refrigeration effect is improved.
(5) The embodiment of the application provides an air conditioner device further comprising a hot water supply pipeline, cold water in the hot water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorber and the condenser to absorb heat, and waste heat is utilized, so that the refrigerating effect is improved, heat supply is realized, and the utilization efficiency of driving heat energy is greatly improved.
(6) The first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber is a third sprayer, the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber is a fifth sprayer, and the third sprayer and the fifth sprayer can enable dilute solution to be in full contact with the refrigerant, so that more refrigerant is absorbed, and the refrigerating effect is improved.
(7) The solution inlet of the absorber is a fourth sprayer, and the fourth sprayer can enable the solution to be in full contact with the hot water supply pipeline, so that the heat exchange effect of the solution and the hot water supply pipeline is better, the solution can absorb more refrigerant, the refrigeration effect is improved, and meanwhile, the hot water supply pipeline is enabled to obtain better heating effect.
(8) The second refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber in the embodiment of the application is a sixth sprayer, and the sixth sprayer can make the refrigerant fully contact with the dilute solution, so that the refrigerant is more absorbed by the solution, and the refrigeration effect is improved.
(9) The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator is a seventh sprayer, and the seventh sprayer can enable the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant and the refrigerated pipeline to be better, so that the refrigerant can be better evaporated, and the refrigerating effect is improved.
(10) The first generator, the second generator, the condenser, the absorber, the evaporation absorber, the evaporator, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the air conditioner are connected ingeniously, so that more refrigerants can be extracted to ensure the refrigerating effect, meanwhile, the beneficial effects of simple and compact structure, small size and low investment are realized, and the technical problems of complex multi-stage heat pump system, huge size and high investment in the prior art are solved.
(11) The air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can be suitable for various working medium pairs with smaller boiling point differences, and can effectively extract the refrigerant with smaller boiling point differences of the working medium pairs to obtain larger refrigerating capacity. In particular, for ammonia water, the problem that the coefficient of performance (COP) is reduced due to the fact that a rectifier is used for refluxing liquid ammonia by using NH 3/H2 O working medium is solved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present application, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present application in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner which is used for solving the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the fact that the capacity of extracting a refrigerant is limited by an absorption heat pump adopting single-effect circulation in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the application has the following general ideas:
By arranging the first generator and the second generator to jointly generate the refrigerant steam, two-stage generation is realized, the solution circularly flows in the first generator and the second generator, the refrigerant steam generated by the first generator is utilized to heat the solution in the second generator to generate the refrigerant steam, and more refrigerant steam can be generated; in addition, the embodiment of the application realizes double-stage absorption by arranging the absorber, the evaporation absorber and the evaporator, the solution firstly absorbs the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporation absorber in the absorber and then enters the evaporation absorber to absorb the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporator, and the absorption process is complete; so that the solution in the first generator and the second generator contains more cryogen. Therefore, the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can extract more refrigerant in the absorption refrigeration process, so that the refrigerating capacity is improved, the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant of the absorption heat pump adopting the single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
The following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present application will be given by way of the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features of the embodiments and embodiments of the present application are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and not limiting the technical solutions of the present application, and that the embodiments and technical features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the air conditioner includes a first generator 1, a second generator 2, a condenser 3, an absorber 4, an evaporation absorber 5, an evaporator 6, and a throttling device 7.
A heating part is arranged in the first generator 1, and a refrigerant pipe is connected to the refrigerant steam outlet 21 of the first generator 1. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the (refrigerant) solution is an aqueous lithium bromide solution or aqueous ammonia, and the refrigerant is water. The refrigerant vapor outlet 21 is provided at an upper position of the first generator 1 to facilitate escape of water vapor. When the heating part heats, water in the lithium bromide aqueous solution evaporates and enters the refrigerant tube from the refrigerant vapor outlet 21.
The solution outlet 26 of the second generator 2 communicates with the solution inlet of the first generator 1.
The first refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser 3 communicates with the refrigerant vapor outlet of the second generator 2, and the refrigerant tube is sealed through the second generator 2 and communicates with the second refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser 3.
Specifically, the refrigerant pipe is in a bent coil shape in the second generator 2, enters from the upper part of the second generator 2, passes through the bottom surface of the second generator 2 and passes through the solution in the second generator 2, so as to heat the solution in the second generator 2 to form water vapor, the water vapor enters the condenser 3 from the refrigerant vapor outlet of the second generator 2 and the first refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser 3, and the water vapor in the refrigerant pipe enters the condenser 3 through the second refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser 3.
The first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber 5 communicates with the refrigerant outlet 24 of the condenser 3 via the throttling means 7 (for example, the throttling means is a throttle valve), and the solution outlet 32 of the evaporation absorber 5 communicates with the solution inlet of the second generator 2.
Specifically, the first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber 5 is located at an upper position on the evaporation absorber 5, and the solution outlet 32 of the evaporation absorber 5 is opened on the bottom surface of the evaporation absorber 5.
The refrigerant vapor inlet of the absorber 4 communicates with the refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporation absorber 5, the solution inlet of the absorber 4 communicates with the solution outlet 25 of the first generator 1, and the solution outlet 28 of the absorber communicates with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber 5.
Specifically, the refrigerant vapor inlet of the absorber 4 is located at an upper position on the absorber 4, the refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporation absorber 5 is located at an upper position on the evaporation absorber 5, the solution inlet of the absorber 4 is located at an upper position in the absorber 4, and the solution outlet 28 of the absorber is located at a lower position on the absorber 4.
The refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporator 6 communicates with the refrigerant vapor inlet of the evaporator absorber 5, and the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 6 communicates with the first refrigerant outlet 34 of the evaporator absorber 5.
Specifically, the refrigerant vapor outlet of the evaporator 6 is located at an upper position on the evaporator 6, and the refrigerant vapor inlet of the evaporation absorber 5 is located at an upper position on the evaporation absorber 5; the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 6 is formed at the top of the evaporator 6, and the first refrigerant outlet 34 of the evaporation absorber 5 is formed on the bottom surface of the evaporation absorber 5.
The solution circulation of the air conditioner according to the embodiment of the application is as follows:
The solution in the first generator 1 is heated by the heating part, absorbs heat, evaporates the refrigerant to form refrigerant vapor (water vapor in this embodiment), and increases the concentration of the solution; the solution in the second generator 2 is heated by the refrigerant vapor generated in the first generator 1, absorbs heat, evaporates the refrigerant, and increases the concentration of the solution. The solution outlet 26 of the second generator 2 is connected to the solution inlet of the first generator 1, the solution is mixed and then led to the absorber 4 through the solution outlet 25 of the first generator 1, and the solution in the absorber 4 absorbs the refrigerant vapor generated from the evaporation absorber 5 (high pressure evaporator). The relatively dilute solution flowing from the high-pressure absorber 4 enters the evaporation absorber 5 (low-pressure absorber) and absorbs the refrigerant vapor generated in the low-pressure evaporator 6. The dilute solution in the evaporation absorber (low pressure absorber) 5 is returned to the second generator 2 through the evaporation absorber solution outlet 32 and the solution inlet of the second generator 2, and the solution circulation is completed.
The refrigerant circulation of the air conditioner according to the embodiment of the application is as follows:
The refrigerant vapor generated in the first generator 1 is led into the second generator 2 to release heat, and then led into the condenser 3 to condense and release heat, the solution in the second generator 2 is heated by the refrigerant vapor from the first generator 1, and the condensed vapor is evaporated and sent into the condenser 3 to condense and release heat. The condensed refrigerant enters the evaporation absorber 5 (serving as a high-pressure evaporator) through the throttling device 7, the absorption heat generated by the evaporation absorber 5 (serving as a low-pressure absorber) is absorbed, and the evaporated water vapor is absorbed by the solution in the high-pressure absorber 4; part of the refrigerant which is not evaporated enters the low-pressure evaporator 6 to absorb heat, and the evaporated vapor enters the evaporation absorber 5 (serving as a low-pressure absorber) to be absorbed by the solution, so that the refrigerant circulation is completed.
In summary, in the air conditioning apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application, by providing the first generator 1 and the second generator 2 to generate the refrigerant vapor together, two-stage generation is realized, the solution circulates in the first generator 1 and the second generator 2, and the refrigerant vapor generated by the first generator 1 heats the solution in the second generator 2 to generate the refrigerant vapor, so that more refrigerant vapor can be generated; in addition, the embodiment of the application realizes double-stage absorption by arranging the absorber 4, the evaporation absorber 5 and the evaporator 6, the solution firstly absorbs the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporation absorber 5 in the absorber 4 and then enters the evaporation absorber 5, and the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporator 6 is absorbed, so that the absorption process is complete; so that the solution in the first generator 1 and the second generator 2 contains more cryogen. Therefore, the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can extract more refrigerant in the absorption refrigeration process, so that the refrigerating capacity is improved, the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant of the absorption heat pump adopting the single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
Further, the solution inlet of the first generator 1 is a first sprayer 23, and the solution outlet 26 of the second generator 2 is communicated with the inlet of the first sprayer 23 via a first solution pump 14. The solution inlet of the second generator 2 is a second sprayer 33, and the solution outlet 32 of the evaporation absorber 5 is communicated with the inlet of the second sprayer 33 through a second solution pump 12. Wherein the first sprayer 23 is arranged above the first generator 1, and the nozzle faces to the heating part below to spray with the heating part below; the second sprayer 33 is disposed above the second generator 2 with the nozzle facing the downward refrigerant pipe to spray the downward refrigerant pipe.
Specifically, the first sprayer 23 and the second sprayer 33 can increase the contact time of the solution with the heating part or the coolant pipe, thereby improving the heating effect, so that the first generator 1 or the second generator 2 can generate more coolant vapor, thereby improving the refrigerating effect.
Further, the air conditioner further includes a first heat exchanger 8 (high temperature solution heat exchanger), and the first heat exchanger 8 is used for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the first generator 1 and the solution flowing into the second generator. The air conditioning apparatus further comprises a second heat exchanger 9 (cryogenic solution heat exchanger), the second heat exchanger 9 being adapted to exchange heat between the solution flowing out of the absorber 4 and the solution flowing into the second generator 2.
The first heat exchanger 8 comprises a first heat exchange pipeline and a second heat exchange pipeline which exchange heat mutually, and the second heat exchanger 9 comprises a third heat exchange pipeline and a fourth heat exchange pipeline which exchange heat mutually. Wherein the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the outlet end of the third heat exchange pipeline of the second heat exchanger 9, and the outlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the second sprayer 33; the inlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet 25 of the first generator, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the absorber. The inlet end of the third heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet 32 of the evaporation absorber through the second solution pump 12; the inlet end of the fourth heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet 28 of the generator, and the outlet end of the fourth heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber 5 through the third solution pump 10.
Specifically, the first heat exchanger 8 and the second heat exchanger 9 can both play roles in preheating a concentrated solution to be fed into the second generator 2 and pre-cooling a dilute solution to be fed into the absorber 4 and the evaporation absorber 5, so that more refrigerant vapor can be generated in the generation stage, more refrigerant can be absorbed by the solution in the absorption stage, more refrigerant is extracted in the absorption refrigeration process, the refrigeration capacity is improved, and the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant in the absorption heat pump adopting single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
Further, the air conditioner further includes a first circulation pipe, an inlet end of which communicates with the second refrigerant outlet 30 of the evaporation absorber via a first refrigerant pump 11, and an outlet end of which communicates with the second refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber.
Further, the air conditioning apparatus further includes a second circulation pipe, an inlet end of which communicates with the solution outlet 32 of the evaporation absorber 5, and an outlet end of which communicates with the third solution pump 10, thereby communicating with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber.
Specifically, the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe have the function of enabling the refrigerant to be fully contacted with the solution, so that the absorption capacity of the dilute solution for absorbing the refrigerant is improved, more refrigerant is extracted in the absorption refrigeration process, and the refrigeration effect is improved.
Further, the heating part is a driving heat source pipeline arranged in the first generator, a steam inlet 18 of the driving heat source pipeline is used for being connected with a high-temperature steam source, and a condensate outlet 17 of the driving heat source pipeline is used for being connected with a condensate collecting part.
Specifically, the solution in the first generator 1 is heated by the high-temperature steam fed from the steam inlet 18, absorbs heat, evaporates the refrigerant, and increases the concentration of the solution. And condensed water formed after the heat source pipeline is driven to be cooled flows to the condensed water collecting part through the condensed water outlet 17.
Further, a cooled pipeline is arranged in the evaporator 6, a low-temperature hot water inlet 15 of the cooled pipeline is used for being connected with a low-temperature hot water source, and a low-temperature hot water outlet 16 of the cooled pipeline is used for being connected with a low-temperature hot water collecting part.
Specifically, part of the refrigerant water which is not evaporated is sent into the evaporator 6 by the second refrigerant pump 13, absorbs the heat of the low-temperature water source (low-temperature water), and the evaporated water vapor enters the evaporation absorber 5 (low-pressure absorber) to be absorbed by the solution, and the cooled low-temperature water finally flows to the low-temperature water collecting part.
Further, the air conditioner further comprises a hot water supply pipeline. The hot water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorber 4 and the condenser 3 along the water flow direction, the inlet of the hot water supply pipeline is exposed out of the absorber and is communicated with a cold water source, and the outlet of the hot water supply pipeline is exposed out of the second generator 2 and is communicated with a heat supply pipeline.
Specifically, cold water in the hot water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorber 4 and the condenser 3 to absorb heat, and waste heat is utilized, so that the refrigerating effect is improved, the heat supply is realized, and the utilization efficiency of driving heat energy is greatly improved.
Further, the first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber is a third sprayer 27, and the third sprayer 27 is disposed at an upper portion inside the evaporation absorber 5, and the nozzle of the third sprayer 27 faces the evaporation absorber 5 downward to spray toward the evaporation absorber 5 downward. The solution inlet of the absorber is a fourth sprayer 35, and the fourth sprayer 35 is provided at an upper portion inside the absorber 4 to spray with the hot water supply line downward. The solution inlet of the evaporation absorber is a fifth sprayer 29, and the fifth sprayer 29 is provided at an upper portion inside the evaporation absorber 5 to spray the evaporation absorber 5 downward. The second refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber is a sixth spray 31, and the sixth spray 31 is provided at an upper portion inside the evaporation absorber 5 to spray toward the evaporation absorber 5 below. The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 6 is a seventh sprayer 37, and the seventh sprayer 37 is provided at an upper portion inside the evaporator 6 to spray the refrigerant line downward.
Specifically, the refrigerant sprays out from the third sprayer 27 and the sixth sprayer 31, enters the heat exchange tube inside the evaporation absorber 5, flows downward, and is respectively communicated with the first refrigerant outlet of the evaporation absorber 5 and the second refrigerant outlet of the evaporation absorber 5. The solution sprayed by the fifth sprayer 29 flows down from the outside of the heat exchange tube in the evaporation absorber 5 and is communicated with the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber, and at the same time, the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 6 is absorbed, liquefied and gives off heat, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube in the evaporation absorber 5, so that the refrigerant is evaporated and absorbed by the solution in the absorber 4.
In addition, the third and fifth sprayers 27 and 29 allow the dilute solution to be more fully contacted with the refrigerant, thereby absorbing more refrigerant to improve the refrigerating effect. The sixth sprayer 31 can make the refrigerant contact with the dilute solution more fully, so that the refrigerant is absorbed by the solution more, and the refrigerating effect is improved. The fourth sprayer 35 can make the solution contact with the hot water supply pipeline more fully, so that the heat exchange effect between the solution and the hot water supply pipeline is better, the solution can absorb more refrigerant, the refrigerating effect is improved, and the hot water supply pipeline is better in heating effect. The seventh sprayer 37 can make the heat exchange effect between the refrigerant and the cooled pipeline better, so that the refrigerant can be evaporated better to improve the cooling effect.
Further, the first refrigerant outlet 34 of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the refrigerant inlet (the seventh sprayer 37) of the evaporator via the second refrigerant pump 13, and the refrigerant outlet 36 of the evaporator is also communicated with the refrigerant inlet (the seventh sprayer 37) of the evaporator via the second refrigerant pump 13.
In summary, the first generator 1, the second generator 2, the condenser 3, the absorber 4, the evaporation absorber 5, the evaporator 6, the first heat exchanger 8 and the second heat exchanger 9 of the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application are skillfully connected, so that more refrigerants can be extracted to ensure the refrigerating effect, the beneficial effects of simple and compact structure, small volume and low investment are realized, and the technical problems of complex multi-stage heat pump system, huge volume and high investment in the prior art are solved.
In addition, the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can be suitable for various working medium pairs with smaller boiling point differences, and can effectively extract the refrigerant with smaller boiling point differences of the working medium pairs to obtain larger refrigerating capacity. In particular, for ammonia water, the problem that the coefficient of performance (COP) is reduced due to the fact that a rectifier is used for refluxing liquid ammonia by using NH 3/H2 O working medium is solved.
The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application at least have one or more of the following technical effects:
(1) According to the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application, the first generator 1 and the second generator 2are arranged to jointly generate the refrigerant steam, so that two-stage generation is realized, the solution circularly flows in the first generator 1 and the second generator 2, the refrigerant steam generated by the first generator 1 is utilized to heat the solution in the second generator 2 to generate the refrigerant steam, and more refrigerant steam can be generated; in addition, the embodiment of the application realizes double-stage absorption by arranging the absorber 4, the evaporation absorber 5 and the evaporator 6, the solution firstly absorbs the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporation absorber 5 in the absorber 4 and then enters the evaporation absorber 5, and the refrigerant steam generated in the evaporator 6 is absorbed, so that the absorption process is complete; so that the solution in the first generator 1 and the second generator 2 contains more cryogen. Therefore, the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can extract more refrigerant in the absorption refrigeration process, so that the refrigerating capacity is improved, the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant of the absorption heat pump adopting the single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
(2) The solution inlet of the first generator 1 in the embodiment of the application is a first sprayer 23, the solution inlet of the second generator is a second sprayer 33, and the first sprayer 23 and the second sprayer 33 can increase the contact time between the solution and the heating part or the refrigerant pipe, so as to improve the heating effect, and the first generator 1 or the second generator 2 can generate more refrigerant steam, so as to improve the refrigerating effect.
(3) The air conditioner further comprises a first heat exchanger 8 and a second heat exchanger 9, wherein the first heat exchanger 8 and the second heat exchanger 9 can both preheat a concentrated solution to be fed into the second generator 2, and precool a dilute solution to be fed into the absorber 4 and the evaporation absorber 5, so that more refrigerant vapor can be generated in the generation stage, more refrigerant can be absorbed by the solution in the absorption stage, more refrigerant is extracted in the absorption refrigeration process, the refrigeration capacity is improved, the technical problem that the refrigeration effect is insufficient due to the limited capacity of extracting the refrigerant of the absorption heat pump adopting single-effect circulation in the prior art is effectively solved, and the beneficial effects of improving the refrigeration effect and efficiency are realized.
(4) The air conditioning device according to the embodiment of the application includes a first circulation pipe for realizing the circulation and absorption of the refrigerant in the evaporation absorber 5 and a second circulation pipe for realizing the circulation and absorption of the solution in the evaporation absorber 5, wherein the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe play a role in making the refrigerant fully contact with the solution, thereby improving the absorption capacity of the refrigerant absorbed by the dilute solution, so as to extract more refrigerant in the absorption refrigeration process and improve the refrigeration effect.
(5) The embodiment of the application also comprises a hot water supply pipeline, cold water in the hot water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorber 4 and the condenser 3 to absorb heat and utilize waste heat, so that the refrigerating effect is improved, the heat supply is realized, and the utilization efficiency of driving heat energy is greatly improved.
(6) The first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber in the embodiment of the application is a third sprayer 27, the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber is a fifth sprayer 29, and the third sprayer 27 and the fifth sprayer 29 can make the dilute solution contact with the refrigerant more fully, so as to absorb more refrigerant, and improve the refrigeration effect.
(7) The solution inlet of the absorber in the embodiment of the application is a fourth sprayer 35, and the fourth sprayer 35 can make the solution more fully contact with the hot water supply pipeline, so that the heat exchange effect between the solution and the hot water supply pipeline is better, the solution can absorb more refrigerant, the refrigeration effect is improved, and the hot water supply pipeline is better in heating effect.
(8) The second refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber in the embodiment of the application is a sixth sprayer 31, and the sixth sprayer 31 can make the refrigerant contact with the dilute solution more fully, so that the refrigerant is absorbed by the solution more, and the refrigeration effect is improved.
(9) The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 6 in the embodiment of the application is a seventh sprayer 37, and the seventh sprayer 37 can make the heat exchange effect between the refrigerant and the cooled pipeline better, so that the refrigerant can be evaporated better, and the cooling effect is improved.
(10) The first generator 1, the second generator 2, the condenser 3, the absorber 4, the evaporation absorber 5, the evaporator 6, the first heat exchanger 8 and the second heat exchanger 9 of the air conditioner are connected ingeniously, so that more refrigerants can be extracted to ensure the refrigerating effect, meanwhile, the beneficial effects of simple and compact structure, small volume and low investment are realized, and the technical problems of complex multi-stage heat pump system, huge volume and high investment in the prior art are solved.
(11) The air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the application can be suitable for various working medium pairs with smaller boiling point differences, and can effectively extract the refrigerant with smaller boiling point differences of the working medium pairs to obtain larger refrigerating capacity. In particular, for ammonia water, the problem that the coefficient of performance (COP) is reduced due to the fact that a rectifier is used for refluxing liquid ammonia by using NH 3/H2 O working medium is solved.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
The terms of orientation such as external, intermediate, internal, etc. mentioned or possible to be mentioned in this specification are defined with respect to the configurations shown in the drawings, which are relative concepts, and thus may be changed accordingly depending on the different positions and different states of use in which they are located. These and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
While the application has been described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and additions may be made without departing from the scope of the application. Equivalent embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings disclosed herein, when considered in the light of the foregoing disclosure, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the application; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioning apparatus, the air conditioning apparatus comprising:
A first generator; the heating part is arranged, and a refrigerant steam outlet of the first generator is connected with a refrigerant pipe;
a second generator, the solution outlet of the second generator being in communication with the solution inlet of the first generator;
a condenser, a first refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser being in communication with a refrigerant vapor outlet of the second generator, and the refrigerant tube passing sealingly through the second generator and in communication with a second refrigerant vapor inlet of the condenser;
The first refrigerant inlet of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the condenser through a throttling device, and the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the solution inlet of the second generator;
The refrigerant steam inlet of the absorber is communicated with the refrigerant steam outlet of the evaporation absorber, the solution inlet of the absorber is communicated with the solution outlet of the first generator, and the solution outlet of the absorber is communicated with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber;
And the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator is communicated with the first refrigerant outlet of the evaporation absorber.
2. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the solution inlet of the first generator is a first sprayer, and the solution outlet of the second generator is communicated with the inlet of the first sprayer via a first solution pump; the first sprayer is arranged at the upper part in the first generator, and the nozzle of the first sprayer faces to the heating part below to spray with the heating part below.
3. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner as set forth in claim 2, wherein the solution inlet of the second generator is a second sprayer, and the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber is communicated with the inlet of the second sprayer via a second solution pump; the second sprayer is arranged at the upper part in the second generator, and the nozzle of the second sprayer faces downwards to the refrigerant pipe so as to spray downwards to the refrigerant pipe.
4. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner as recited in claim 3 wherein said air conditioner further comprises:
The first heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange pipeline and a second heat exchange pipeline which exchange heat mutually, wherein the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber through the second solution pump, and the outlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the second generator; the inlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the first generator, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the absorber.
5. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioning apparatus of claim 4 wherein said air conditioning apparatus further comprises
The second heat exchanger comprises a third heat exchange pipeline and a fourth heat exchange pipeline which exchange heat mutually, wherein the inlet end of the third heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the evaporation absorber through the second solution pump, and the outlet end of the third heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the inlet end of the first heat exchange pipeline of the first heat exchanger; the inlet end of the fourth heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution outlet of the generator, and the outlet end of the fourth heat exchange pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the evaporation absorber through a third solution pump.
6. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioning unit as recited in claim 2 or 5 further comprising a first circulation tube, an inlet end of said first circulation tube being in communication with a second refrigerant outlet of said evaporation absorber via a first refrigerant pump, an outlet end of said first circulation tube being in communication with a second refrigerant inlet of said evaporation absorber.
7. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioning unit as recited in claim 6 further comprising a second circulation tube, an inlet end of said second circulation tube being in communication with a solution outlet of said evaporation absorber, an outlet end of said second circulation tube being in communication with a solution inlet of said evaporation absorber via said third solution pump.
8. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein said heating part is a driving heat source pipeline provided in said first generator, a steam inlet of said driving heat source pipeline is used for connecting with a high temperature steam source, and a condensate outlet of said driving heat source pipeline is used for connecting with a condensate collecting part.
9. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner as recited in claim 1 wherein said evaporator is provided with a cooled pipeline, said cooled pipeline low temperature hot water inlet is for connecting with a low temperature hot water source, said cooled pipeline low temperature hot water outlet is for connecting with a low temperature hot water collecting part.
10. The two-stage generation absorption heat pump air conditioner as recited in claim 1 wherein said air conditioner further comprises:
The hot water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorber and the condenser along the water flow direction, an inlet of the hot water supply pipeline is exposed out of the absorber and is communicated with a cold water source, and an outlet of the hot water supply pipeline is exposed out of the second generator and is communicated with a heat supply pipeline.
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| CN102650467A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-29 | 深圳力合电力工程有限公司 | Single-effect mixed heat pump unit and double-effect mixed heat pump unit |
| KR101914487B1 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-11-05 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | Hybrid system of absorption type refrigeration and heat pupm for supplying cooling and steam simultaneously |
| CN110542240B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2024-09-03 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Single-effect and double-effect composite steam type first-class lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit |
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