CN113579432A - Medium plate double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method - Google Patents
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- CN113579432A CN113579432A CN202111002287.8A CN202111002287A CN113579432A CN 113579432 A CN113579432 A CN 113579432A CN 202111002287 A CN202111002287 A CN 202111002287A CN 113579432 A CN113579432 A CN 113579432A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for a medium plate, which comprises the following steps of: (1) assembling two plates to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance is 0-2mm, and the thickness of the plates is 16-22 mm; (2) cutting a groove on a steel plate, wherein the groove side faces downwards, and the truncated side faces upwards; (3) welding the truncated side by adopting single-wire submerged-arc welding, wherein the diameter of the single-wire submerged-arc welding is 4.1-5 mm; (4) and after the blunt edge side is welded for one time, turning over the steel plate, welding the bevel edge side by adopting 900A-1200A current, and welding for one time to fill the cover surface. The welding method for the monofilament submerged arc welding of the medium plate can effectively reduce production processes and welding time, improve production efficiency, save resources and reduce production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship manufacturing and welding, and particularly relates to a double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for a medium plate.
Background
Submerged arc welding was produced in 1935 and is suitable for straight-through welds of medium and thick plate structures due to its large penetration depth, high productivity and reliable mechanization. Therefore, submerged arc welding has wide application in the fields of shipbuilding industry, pressure vessel industry, bridges, railway vehicles, engineering machinery, pipelines, nuclear power plant structures, marine structures, building steel structures and the like, and is one of the most commonly used fusion welding methods in welding production at present. The development process of the submerged-arc welding technology is to develop the submerged-arc welding technology such as double-wire submerged-arc welding, three-wire submerged-arc welding and the like from single-wire submerged-arc welding, multi-wire submerged-arc welding is adopted during thick plate welding, the filling amount is large, the welding efficiency is high, and multi-wire submerged-arc welding can be generally adopted as much as possible.
In the ship building process, the joint of the jointed steel plate with the thickness of 15 mm-22mm is mostly subjected to double-sided submerged arc welding with a Y-shaped groove, the edge of the steel plate is cut into the Y-shaped groove by adopting flame or plasma, and the truncated edge is 6-8 mm; referring to fig. 1-2, firstly welding the upper end 10 of the Y-shaped groove on the front surface 1 of the steel plate by submerged arc welding, then turning over the steel plate, carrying out carbon planing on the back surface 2 of the steel plate at the lower end 20 of the groove, removing the depth of 4-8 mm, polishing and welding for one step. Through the arrangement of the Y-shaped groove, the front surface of the groove is welded for multiple times, so that the full penetration of the welding of the medium plate can be ensured. Although the mode of adopting the Y-shaped groove can guarantee full penetration of welding of the medium plate, the Y-shaped groove also has the following technical problems:
1. multilayer and multi-pass welding is required to be carried out on the side of the groove, and the welding time is long;
2. after the front welding is finished and the turning is finished, carbon planing and polishing are needed by adopting the welding technology, so that the workload is increased, and more labor cost and material cost are consumed;
3. a large amount of smoke, noise and the like are generated when the back surface is subjected to carbon planing, so that the influence on the health of workers and the environment is large;
in order to solve the technical problems, the prior art also has a plurality of welding processes without grooves, welding can be carried out without grooves and carbon gouging by using a double-wire welding process, the double-wire welding process is easier to realize without Y-shaped grooves and carbon gouging compared with a single-wire submerged arc welding method, and full welding can be realized without Y-shaped grooves and multi-pass welding because the double-wire welding process can ensure that welding is carried out deeper.
However, the twin-wire welding process needs two welding power supplies (one direct current and one alternating current), the weight of the twin-wire submerged arc welding is only 50kg, the operation is heavy, the distance between 2 welding wires has strict adjustment requirements, and the welding process requirement is high. For example, patent publication No. CN 111906417 a discloses a submerged arc welding non-groove welding process method for a medium plate joint, which comprises the following steps: horizontally placing a steel plate to be welded on a steel plate gasket for pairing; and welding the steel plate to be welded by adopting a double-wire welding process, wherein the distance between the front wire and the rear wire is kept at 30mm, the front wire and the rear wire are staggered by 3-5mm, and the rear wire is inclined by 10-15 degrees.
The welding type of the steel plates with the thickness of 15 mm-22mm in the ship building process is more, and the trolley type welding is more convenient to use single-wire submerged arc welding compared with the heavy double-wire submerged arc welding with strict process requirements. However, single wire submerged arc welding is very difficult to achieve to eliminate the carbon plane to reduce multiple welding processes and satisfy the welding effect compared with double wire submerged arc welding.
Patent publication No. CN 112453658A discloses a submerged arc automatic single-side welding and double-side forming process for a flux pad, which uses a single welding wire to perform single-side welding, only the front side is welded, and the back side needs to be laid with flux. Although single-wire welding can be realized without a carbon plane, a Y-shaped groove is still formed in the front surface of the welding rod, the Y-shaped groove is formed in the back surface of the welding rod after the welding groove is assembled and is influenced by the machining precision of the Y-shaped groove, the process aims at welding of a steel plate with a thickness of 8-15mm, and if the thickness of the steel plate is slightly thicker, the welding is not full, and the better welding effect of a medium plate cannot be realized. The back surface of the welding line is forced to be formed by using the back surface welding flux, the forming quality of the surface of the welding line is influenced by the laying of the welding flux, and the welding line which is not formed needs to be polished and leveled or repaired subsequently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a double-sided single-pass non-back-planing submerged arc welding method for a medium plate without a carbon plane.
The invention provides a double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for a medium plate, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) assembling two plates to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance is 0-2mm, and the thickness of the plates is 16-22 mm;
(2) cutting a groove on a steel plate, wherein the groove side faces downwards, and the truncated side faces upwards;
(3) welding the truncated side by adopting single-wire submerged-arc welding, wherein the diameter of the single-wire submerged-arc welding is 4.1-5 mm;
(4) and after the blunt edge side is welded for one time, turning over the steel plate, welding the bevel edge side by adopting 900A-1200A current, and welding for one time to fill the cover surface.
Preferably, the size of the blunt edge in the step (2) is 8mm to 14 mm.
Preferably, the size of the blunt edge in the step (2) is 10mm to 14 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the plate is 17mm-22 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the truncated side is welded, and a front welding layer is formed in one welding step; and (4) welding the bevel side once, and welding the filling cover surface once to form a reverse welding layer, wherein the front welding layer is connected with the reverse welding layer.
Preferably, one end of the front welding layer is connected with the back welding layer, and the other end of the front welding layer covers the front assembled by the plate on the blunt side; one end of the back welding layer is connected with the front welding layer, and the other end of the back welding layer covers the back of the plate assembly on the side of the groove.
Preferably, in the step (3), the welding parameters for welding the truncated side by using the monofilament submerged arc welding are 650A-900A of welding current, 30V-35V of welding voltage and 30m/h-35m/h of welding speed.
Preferably, in the step (4), the welding voltage is 34V-37V, and the welding speed is 20m/h-28 m/h.
Preferably, in the step (4), the bevel side is welded by using a current of 950A-1200A.
Preferably, in the step (2), the angle of the cutting groove is 25-35 °.
The welding method for the submerged arc welding of the medium plate monofilament provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the number of welding layers is reduced, the welding time is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved;
2. the invention adopts a novel welding mode, avoids the problem that the prior art needs a carbon plane, and reduces a large amount of costs of carbon plane, grinding and the like;
3. the invention reduces the carbon planing process, can effectively reduce the consumption of resources and labor hour, and effectively avoids the environment pollution caused by smoke dust, noise and the like generated by the carbon planing.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings, and the drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale in actual dimensions, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a submerged arc welding groove structure provided in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a submerged arc welding process provided by the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cutting groove structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a welding process and structure provided by the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a metallographic test result picture of a welded product according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a test position diagram of the hardness test of the welded product in the embodiment 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element and be integral therewith, or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "one end," "the other end," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for a medium plate, which is characterized by including the following steps:
(1) assembling two plates to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance is 0-2mm, and the thickness of the plates is 16-22 mm;
(2) cutting a groove on a steel plate, wherein the groove side 31 faces downwards, and the truncated side 32 faces upwards, and referring to fig. 3;
(3) welding the truncated side 32 by adopting single-wire submerged arc welding, and obtaining a front welding layer 41 by welding once, wherein the diameter of the single-wire submerged arc welding is 4.1mm-5mm, and referring to figure 4;
(4) after the blunt side 32 is welded once, the steel plate is turned over, the bevel side 31 is welded by adopting the current of 900A-1200A, and the one-time welding filling cover surface of the back welding layer 42 is obtained by welding once, referring to fig. 4.
The non-back-gouging submerged-arc welding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the truncated side of the groove is welded firstly, then the cover surface is welded and filled on the groove side by using large current for one time, the number of welding layers is reduced, a carbon gouging procedure is not needed, the production procedures and the welding time can be effectively reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the resources are saved, and the production cost is reduced.
The non-back-gouging submerged-arc welding method provided by the invention can realize a better welding effect by adopting single-wire submerged-arc welding, has lower welding requirements compared with a double-wire welding process, and has simpler welding process and lighter welding equipment. The welding effect of no back planing can be met without using a double-wire welding process, and the effect is very obvious.
The non-back-gouging submerged-arc welding method provided by the invention adopts the bevel side super-bottom arrangement, so that the back molding is not influenced by the groove processing precision, the back molding is not easy to be welded through by large current, and a better welding effect can be ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, the size of the blunt edge in step (2) is 8mm to 14mm, and in a further preferred embodiment, the size of the blunt edge in step (2) is 10mm to 14 mm. Better welding effect can be realized by better ensuring two welding processes.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the sheet material is 17mm to 22mm, in a further preferred embodiment the thickness of the sheet material is 18mm to 22mm, and in a further preferred embodiment the thickness of the sheet material is 19mm to 22 mm. The welding of the thin plate with small thickness can be easily realized by using the carbon plane without multi-pass welding to realize better welding effect. Thicker sheet materials, such as sheet materials exceeding 40mm, also have a difficult technical effect of weld penetration with the method of the present invention. The welding method is particularly suitable for welding medium plates with the thickness of 17mm-22 mm. Particularly in the field of ship manufacturing, when the welding plate is various in types and can not be used well by double-wire submerged arc welding, the effect of the single-wire submerged arc welding method is remarkable.
Referring to FIG. 4, in a preferred embodiment, in step (3), the blunt side 32 is welded together to form a front side weld layer 41; in the step (4), the groove side 31 is welded once, the filling cap surface is welded once to form a back welding layer 42, and the front welding layer 41 is connected with the back welding layer 42.
Referring to FIG. 4, in a preferred embodiment, a front side weld layer 41 is attached at one end to the back side weld layer 42 and at the other end covers the front side of the sheet assembly at the blunt side 32; the back side welding layer 42 has one end connected to the front side welding layer 41 and the other end covering the back side of the panel assembly on the groove side 31.
In the preferred embodiment, in the step (3), the welding parameters for welding the blunt side by using the monofilament submerged arc welding are 650A-900A of welding current, 30V-35V of welding voltage and 30m/h-35m/h of welding speed. In a further preferred embodiment, the welding parameters for welding the blunt side by single wire submerged arc welding are welding current 750A-900A.
In the preferred embodiment, in the step (4), the welding voltage is 34V-37V, and the welding speed is 20m/h-28 m/h.
In the preferred embodiment, in step (4), the bevel side is welded with a current of 950A-1200A. The groove side is welded by adopting large current, one-time welding can be guaranteed, a better welding effect can be realized without a carbon plane, and the number of welding tracks is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the angle of the cutting groove is 25-35 °. The angle of the cutting groove in the embodiment is 25-35 degrees, which means that the angle of the cutting groove of each steel plate is 25-35 degrees, and the total groove angle is 55-65 degrees.
Example 1
The invention provides a welding method of submerged arc welding of medium plate monofilaments, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling two plates to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance is 0-2mm, and the thickness of the plates is 18-22 mm;
(2) cutting a groove on a steel plate, wherein the cutting groove on the steel plate is 30 +/-5 degrees, the groove side faces downwards, the truncated side faces upwards, and the truncated side is 14 mm;
(3) welding the truncated side by adopting single-wire submerged arc welding with the diameter of 4.8mm and welding parameters shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
(4) The steel plate is turned over after the blunt side is welded for one time, the bevel side is welded by adopting large current for one time, the cover surface is welded and filled for one time, the carbon planing and multilayer and multi-pass welding processes of the original technical scheme are reduced, and the welding parameters are shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2
Effects of the embodiment
The welded product of the embodiment 1 is subjected to welding result tests including magnetic powder detection, ultrasonic detection and metallographic phase test, and the specific test method is as follows:
1. magnetic particle testing
The application standard is as follows: DNVGL-CG-0051;
type of magnetic powder: non-fluorescent wet magnetic powder;
magnetic powder material: HD-BO magnetic suspension;
the magnetic powder applying method comprises the following steps: spraying;
and (4) testing standard: refer to ISO 23278 2015 Level 2X.
2. Ultrasonic testing
The application standard is as follows: DNVGL-CG-0051-2015;
and (4) testing standard: refer to EN ISO 11666 and 2018 Level 2.
3. Metallographic test
The erosion agent is 10% nitric acid alcohol solution.
The test results of the magnetic particle test, the ultrasonic test and the hardness test are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
The test results in table 3 show that the welding method provided by the invention uses a single wire carbon planer for submerged arc welding, does not need multiple welding, and the obtained magnetic powder test and ultrasonic test are both qualified, and no welding defect is found in metallographic test.
The welded product of example 1 was subjected to a hardness test at the test position shown in FIG. 6, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
The results in table 4 show that the welding method of the present invention has good hardness after welding, and better safety performance when the welded metal plate is used on the ship body.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "preferred embodiment," "yet another embodiment," "other embodiments," or "specific examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for a medium plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) assembling two plates to be welded, wherein the assembling clearance is 0-2mm, and the thickness of the plates is 16-22 mm;
(2) cutting a groove on a steel plate, wherein the groove side faces downwards, and the truncated side faces upwards;
(3) welding the truncated side by adopting single-wire submerged-arc welding, wherein the diameter of the single-wire submerged-arc welding is 4.1-5 mm;
(4) and after the blunt edge side is welded for one time, turning over the steel plate, welding the bevel edge side by adopting 900A-1200A current, and welding for one time to fill the cover surface.
2. The double-sided single pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding process for medium plate according to claim 1, wherein the size of the blunt edge in step (2) is 8mm to 14 mm.
3. The double-sided single pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding process for medium plate according to claim 2, wherein the size of the blunt edge in step (2) is 10mm to 14 mm.
4. The double-sided single pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding process of a medium plate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plate is 17mm to 22 mm.
5. The double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for the medium plate according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the welding is performed on the blunt side, and a front welding layer is formed in one welding pass; and (4) welding the bevel side once, and welding the filling cover surface once to form a reverse welding layer, wherein the front welding layer is connected with the reverse welding layer.
6. The double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for the medium plate according to claim 5, wherein one end of the front welding layer is connected with the back welding layer, and the other end of the front welding layer covers the front side of the plate assembly with the blunt side; one end of the back welding layer is connected with the front welding layer, and the other end of the back welding layer covers the back of the plate assembly on the side of the groove.
7. The double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for medium plate according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the welding parameters for welding the blunt side by using the single-wire submerged arc welding are 650A-900A welding current, 30V-35V welding voltage and 30m/h-35m/h welding speed.
8. The double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for the medium plate of claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the welding voltage is 34V-37V, and the welding speed is 20m/h-28 m/h.
9. The double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for the medium plate according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the electric current of 950A-1200A is adopted for welding the groove side.
10. The double-sided single-pass non-back-gouging submerged arc welding method for medium plate according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the angle of the cutting groove is 25 ° to 35 °.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115464241A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-13 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Welding method for medium plate |
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| CN115464241A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-13 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Welding method for medium plate |
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Application publication date: 20211102 |