CN113573793B - Cleaning device and cleaning method for dust collector - Google Patents
Cleaning device and cleaning method for dust collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN113573793B CN113573793B CN202080017988.6A CN202080017988A CN113573793B CN 113573793 B CN113573793 B CN 113573793B CN 202080017988 A CN202080017988 A CN 202080017988A CN 113573793 B CN113573793 B CN 113573793B
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- hammering
- dust
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
- B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/74—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
- B01D46/76—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element involving vibrations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The application describes a device and a method for manufacturing a cleaning system for a dust collector (1) for gaseous fluids. The dust collector has a vertical structure equipped with a vertical passage (2) for introducing a fluid to be dedusted and a vertical duct (3) for outputting the dedusted fluid. The device comprises: a hammering device (4, 104) which causes an impact stroke on the head of the dust collector on command; an isolation system (5, 105) positioned on command in an open position or a closed position, allowing or preventing outward flow of fluid from the duct, respectively; first means for bringing the isolation system in a closed position and for actuating the hammering means to achieve a variable number of impact strokes as required; and second means for holding the isolation system in a closed position during operation of the hammering means and for bringing the isolation system into an open position at the end of hammering.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to a cleaning device and a cleaning method for a dust collector for gaseous fluid.
Background
The dust collectors to which the cleaning system (apparatus and method) according to the application is applied are in particular industrial machines (dust collectors) which process gaseous fluids (typically air) contaminated with contaminants from industrial conversion processes, wherein the dust present in the air is a significant percentage, since it is much larger than the normal dust inventory in ambient air. The purpose of these machines is to treat contaminated industrial air for its discharge into the atmosphere and/or for compatibility with the surrounding working environment. These dust collectors can be used to remove dust from a gaseous fluid consisting of air containing dust, which is produced in the loading of silos or in conversion, movement, cutting or other industrial processes actuated for example by mixing devices, conveyors, packaging machines, batching machines, thermal or mechanical cutting machines, etc.; these gaseous fluids cannot be discharged to the atmosphere or reused without prior elimination of the dust contained therein. These dust collectors occupy a total volume, which may even be a few cubic meters, and are typically made of one or more filter units, with a number of filter elements in each filter unit using one or more cleaning systems.
In its industrial application, these dust collectors process air containing fine dust, defined as a concentration of from about 0.5gr/m when its particle size varies from about 1 micron to 200 microns 3 To 500gr/m 3 。
The filter elements of the dust collectors tend to become clogged very quickly due to the large amount of dust in the air to be filtered. Therefore, these dust collectors must be combined with automatic or semi-automatic cycle cleaning systems (intervention of the cleaning system is at the discretion of the operator and not under the control of the logic system).
In industrial dust collectors, the cleaning system is a critical component for proper operation of the dust collector: because of the dust concentration in the fluid typical of these applications, the dust collector will be quickly out of service if the filter surface is not frequently and effectively cleaned of excess dust deposited thereon.
The system for cleaning the filter elements inside industrial dust collector filters is of the mechanical and/or pneumatic type:
one known pneumatic system includes one or more jets of compressed air that are cyclically blown into a space defined by a filtering surface. Thus, the compressed clean air follows a countercurrent path (i.e., from the interior to the exterior of the filter surface) relative to the path of the contaminated air.
Another known pneumatic system comprises one or more jets of low-pressure air which are located close to the filter element and are directed in a precise manner into the channels of the filter element to be cleaned.
One known mechanical system performs shaking in the lower part of the filter element obtained by means of a comb inserted between the individual filter elements and moves it in the horizontal direction.
Another mechanical system generates vibrations that are typically applied in the upper portion of the filter element.
In any case, all cleaning systems are designed to clean the filter medium by dragging of the particles obtained with a flow of cleaning fluid, or by shaking the filter fabric, which causes the particles to separate from the filter fabric and which falls by gravity.
Presently known dust collectors have a plurality of tubular filter elements having a circular, oval or polygonal cross section with open and closed ends in such a way that there is only a side from which dirty air enters and only a side from which clean filtered air exits. The housing of these filter elements represents a filtering surface, can be made of various types of fabric or cellulose, and can be smooth or provided with folds; the pleat increases the nominal filter surface, but generally defines a portion at its tip where dust is hidden in a more difficult manner to remove, such that the effective filter surface is smaller (and sometimes significantly smaller) than the nominal filter surface. In fact, the sharp edges of the pleated element are the starting points for dust adhesion and the formation of distinct agglomerates that hinder the passage of air and reduce the filtration efficiency.
It is therefore very important to find the geometry that allows the smallest possible space for accumulating dust; however, cleaning systems that separate dust from the filter element and restore the operating efficiency of the filter are even more important.
The separation of dust must be carried out in a very short time and with the least possible energy expenditure.
In addition to reducing the filtering surface provided to the air, the fact that the dust remaining in the pleats remains stagnant is particularly serious in food applications, where the risk of stagnant dust due to bacterial proliferation is severely negative; wrinkles are also not very effective for all dust that tends to compact. In any event, the presence of wrinkles or the presence of materials that do not have the necessary rigidity results in greater difficulty in obtaining an effective cleaning system.
Depending on the mode of operation of the dust collector, gaseous fluid to be dedusted may enter from the open end of the filter element, or dust-free gaseous fluid may be discharged from the open end of the filter element; in the first case, dust is deposited in the inner surface of the filter element, and in the second case, dust is deposited on the outer surface thereof. The cleaning system may be located on both sides of the filter element, however, preferably the cleaning system is mounted on the side from which the cleaning air comes out.
In known dust collectors, the filter surface is typically associated with a reinforcing structure, either internal or external to the filter element, designed to prevent any deformation of the filter element during operation of the dust collector, which would reduce the filter surface exposed to the fluid flow to be cleaned.
The construction of these dust collectors must deal with problems typical and specific to them, which, as mentioned above, are of considerable size and must filter large amounts of gaseous fluid. For example, it is necessary to attempt to increase the ratio between the effective filtering surface and the space occupied by the filter, that is to say to increase the filtering efficiency at the same dimensions as other filters of the same type; the energy consumption required for the operation and cleaning of these dust collectors must also be reduced as much as possible.
The current cleaning systems, in particular of the mechanical type mentioned, are quite complex to construct and their operation is not very versatile. Furthermore, its effectiveness is not always entirely satisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present application to provide a method and a device which are able to provide a cleaning system for dust collectors which solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art in a better way than the prior art cleaning systems applied to the same type of dust collectors as described above.
In a first aspect of the application, there is provided an apparatus for obtaining a cleaning system for cleaning a dust separator of gaseous fluid, the cleaning system being for use with a dust separator having a vertical structure and comprising a plurality of vertical channels having an open end for inputting the fluid to be cleaned of dust and a plurality of vertical pipes having an open end for outputting the cleaned fluid, wherein the open ends of the channels and pipes open to opposite heads of the dust separator, the apparatus being of the type comprising hammering means for generating on command an impact stroke on the heads of the dust separator, characterized in that: the device comprises an isolation system which can take on command an open position in which the isolation system allows a flow of fluid from an open end leading to the head of the dust separator towards the outside, and a closed position in which the isolation system prevents this flow; a first means for moving the isolation system to its closed position on command and for causing the step of actuating the hammering means to perform a plurality of impact strokes, the impact strokes being variable as required; and second means for maintaining the isolation system in its closed position during the step of actuating the hammering means and for allowing the isolation system to return to the open position at the end of the hammering step.
An advantage of the present application is that it provides an efficient cleaning system having a reduced overall size and operating at low energy consumption.
Another advantage of the present application is that it provides a device having a relatively strong and sturdy structure that can be installed to achieve various advantages: lighter, smaller in size, better integrated with processing machines or industrial plants.
A further advantage of the application is that it provides a method for manufacturing a cleaning system that is easy to set according to the condition of the filtered dust, that is to say according to the particle size, type and moisture content of the dust.
These and other objects and advantages are achieved by the embodiments of the present application.
Drawings
Further characteristics and advantages of the application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the steps of the method according to the application and of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment for manufacturing a dust collector according to the application, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example only in the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section of a dust collector associated with a first embodiment of a cleaning device according to the application;
fig. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d show schematic cross-sections of a first embodiment of a cleaning device according to the application, shown in various operating conditions;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a cleaning device according to the present application, with some components cut away to better illustrate other components;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a cleaning device according to the application, with some parts cut away to better show other parts.
Detailed Description
The device according to the application is used for manufacturing a cleaning system for a dust collector 1 for gaseous fluids. This device is used for cleaning a dust collector having a vertical structure, which is preferably rigid, and which comprises a plurality of vertical channels 2 having an open end for introducing the fluid to be dedusted and a plurality of vertical ducts 3 having an open end for discharging the dedusted fluid; the open ends of the channels and ducts open into opposite heads of the dust collector. The side walls of the ducts and channels are made of filter fabric.
The following description and the accompanying drawings relate to a dust collector in which the open end of a vertical passage into which a fluid to be dedusted enters is located in a lower head portion, and the open end of a vertical duct from which the dedusted air flows out is located in an upper head portion of the dust collector. The ends of the pipes and channels are firmly connected to the upper head 20 of the dust collector; the head is an integral part of the rigid structure of the dust collector and is configured to hermetically seal the ends of the channels and open the ends of the ducts. In this way, the dust collector clearly separates the region containing the dust-containing fluid (in the lower part) from the region containing the dedusted fluid (in the upper part).
Similar to prior art devices of this type, the device according to the application comprises a hammering device 4, 104 to create an impact stroke on the head of the dust collector, in the drawing on the upper head.
The device according to the application comprises an isolation system 5, 105 which can take on command an open position in which it allows fluid from the open end of the upper head 20 leading to the dust container to flow towards the outside, and a closed position in which the isolation system prevents flow. During normal operation of the dust collector, the insulation system of the device according to the application is in its open position. In order to perform cleaning of the dust collector, there is a first means for bringing the insulation system to its closed position on command; these first means also result in the step of actuating the hammering means so as to obtain a plurality of impact strokes which can be varied as required. The device comprises a second device that allows the isolation system to remain in its closed position during the step of actuating the hammering device; these second means also allow the isolation system to return to the open position at the end of the hammering step.
The first means comprise a cam 6, 106 which is rotated on command by a motor 8, 108 and has a profile which interacts with the isolation system to move it from an open position to a closed position; the cam is further provided with a contact element which activates the hammering device during rotation of the cam.
The second means comprise electromagnetic means (e.g. electromagnets 9, 109) which are energised together with the power source of the motor; when the isolation system comprising at least a portion made of ferromagnetic material is brought into its closed position, the ferromagnetic portion of the isolation system is in contact with the electromagnetic means and is held in this closed position by the electromagnetic means. In this way, the second means prevent interaction between the isolation system and the cam profile during continued rotation of the cam as required according to a predetermined operating program. In other words, once the isolation system is blocked by the electromagnet, the cam can continue to rotate to actuate the hammering device to cause an impact stroke on the upper head of the dust collector, while the isolation system remains in its closed position.
The hammering device of the cleaning device according to the present application comprises a tower 10, 110 fixed with respect to the head 20 of the dust container. Typically, the tower is secured to a frame surrounding the upper head of the dust collector. The device according to the application comprises a distributor which rests firmly on the upper head of the dust collector and is designed to distribute the shock waves evenly on the surface of the head 20 of the dust collector. This dispenser is obviously shaped and positioned in such a way as not to obstruct the open end of the conduit leading to the upper head so as not to prevent the flow of cleaning fluid through the open end.
The impact element 11, 111 is slid inside the tower, which is cyclically raised and lowered to generate a shock wave on the surface of the head of the dust collector. The impact element is held and returned to its lowered position, which brings it into contact with the head of the dust container by means of the first compression spring 24, 124. As described in more detail below, the movement of the impact element is controlled by the cam.
According to a first embodiment, the insulation system 5 comprises a frame 14 enclosing the head of the dust container in a sealed manner, to the outside of which ferromagnetic contact elements 13 are connected. Also fixed to the frame are supports to which the tower is connected, in this embodiment represented by a pair of guides 25. Below the guide there is a frame 25a which has the function of a distributor for correctly releasing the stress exerted by the impact element. The frame 25a may also be integrated in the head of the dust container. The insulation system further comprises a support base 16 on which a cover 17 is positioned, which cover encloses the head of the dust container and the hammering device. The support base is hinged to the frame and has electromagnets 9 on opposite sides of the hinge. Obviously, it is possible to alternatively connect the electromagnet to the frame and the ferromagnetic contact element to the support base.
A resilient means is provided, which in this embodiment is made of a second compression spring 18 located between the head of the dust container and the support base, which resilient means is designed to hold the insulation system in the open position.
The profile of the cam 6 interacts on the upper part of the support base which, when it rotates, presses on the support base and overcomes the force of the spring, causing the rotation of the support base and, while energized, moving the electromagnet 9 into contact with the ferromagnetic contact element 13 which locks the isolation system in the closed position. In this closed position, the support base rests in a sealed manner on the frame.
The cam is connected to a contact element, which in this embodiment consists of a lifting pin 7, of which only the base is shown in the figure, since the pin is positioned with its axis parallel to the rotation axis of the cam; the pin 7 interacts with a contact element 26 provided on the impact element. The pin pushes the impact element upward during its arc of rotation and compresses the first compression spring 24; in the subsequent arc of rotation, the impact element is released and is pushed by the first compression spring, falling downwards, thereby generating a shock wave on the head 20 of the dust container. The preload of the first compression spring 24 makes the impact of the impact element much more effective than when the impact element falls due to gravity. These operational steps are shown in fig. 2.
According to a second embodiment of the cleaning device according to the application, the isolation system 105 comprises a cover 117, which encloses the head 20 of the dust container and the hammering device. According to this embodiment, the tower 110 of the hammering device is fixed to the outer frame of the dust collector by a bracket; the impact element of the hammering device acts on a distributor, indicated by the grille 125, which is positioned on the head of the dust collector and is designed to correctly discharge the stresses imposed by the impact element; the dispenser does not in any way obstruct the opening provided in the head. The shroud surrounds the head of the dust collector in a sealed manner and is provided with an opening 119 at the top which opens outwardly when the isolation system is in the open position. The isolation system includes a tapered shutter 120 with a larger base facing the opening, on which it interacts with the cam profile of the hammering device. The shutter is shaped and positioned in such a way as to be able to close said opening of the cover on command; on the peripheral edge of the larger base of the shutter, there is a gasket that ensures the seal of the closure of the cover. The shutter shown has a conical shape, even though different shapes of the shutter are possible.
The shutter has an axial rod 121 which is slidable over a bushing provided by a cross-shaped element 122 provided on the opening of the cover; the lower portion of the rod is slidably inserted into a cavity 123 provided on the striking element of the hammering device.
On the upper part of the rod 121, at the end of the rod's travel, there is a ferromagnetic contact element 113, the electromagnet 109, when energized, interacting with the contact element 113 and locking the shutter in its closed position, which closes the opening of the cover. Obviously, in this embodiment, it is also possible to reverse the position of the electromagnet and the position of the ferromagnetic contact element.
A resilient means is provided, which in this embodiment is made by a second compression spring 118 located between the lower base of the shutter and a cross-shaped element provided on the opening of the cover, which resilient means is designed to hold the shutter in the open position.
According to this embodiment, as the cam rotates, the end 107 of the cam interacts with a contact element 126 provided on the impact element. The cam pulls the impact element upward during its arc of rotation and compresses the first compression spring 124; at the same time, the impact element pushes the shutter upwards until its ferromagnetic contact element 113 comes into contact with the electromagnet 109, which is simultaneously energized; in this way, the shutter and thus the isolation system is locked in its closed position. In the subsequent arc of rotation, the impact element is released and is urged by the first compression spring 124 to drop downwardly, thereby generating a shock wave on the head 20 of the dust collector. Also in this case, the preload of the first compression spring 124 makes the impact of the impact element much more effective than when the impact element falls due to gravity.
As described above, in both embodiments, once the isolation system is locked by the electromagnetic device, the cam can continue to rotate to actuate the hammering device to produce an impact stroke on the upper head of the dust collector while the isolation system remains in its closed position.
The operation of the cleaning system according to the application takes place as follows.
During normal operation of the dust collector, the insulation system of the device according to the application is in its open position and the dedusted fluid can freely escape to the outside; the hammering device is inactive and the electromagnetic device in both the first and second embodiments is not energized.
When the dust collector is to be cleaned, the first means for moving the isolation system to the closed position is activated, and then the second means for energizing the electromagnetic means, which holds the isolation system in the closed position and activates the hammering means, using the power supply and using the method indicated in the above embodiments. The flow towards the outside of the dedusted fluid is interrupted and, obviously, the fluid flow to be dedusted is interrupted (in short, the isolation system interrupts the fluid flow through the dust collector), and the hammering device is operated repeatedly and exerts a stroke on the filtering element that causes the dust to separate from the inner surface of its vertical channel. Since the flow of the fluid to be dedusted is interrupted and does not hinder the falling as described above, it is possible for the separated dust to fall downward by gravity.
When the hammering device has given a desired number of strokes, which are freely selected and determined by the operator based on the type of dust, the humidity of the environment and the characteristics of the filtering device, as described above, the power supply is switched off. This causes the hammering device to stop and the action of the electromagnetic device to be interrupted in such a way that the isolation system is free to return to its open position, pushed by the second device. The hammering device is stopped when the motor is in a precise angular position so that its cam does not hinder the return of the isolation system to the fully open position.
When the cleaning device is in this position, the fluid flow is re-activated through the dust collector, so that the dust collector returns to its normal dust removal function.
In this way, the described cleaning system allows the spacer to close for a desired length of time while releasing a desired number of strokes. This system makes it possible to build a cleaning system that accommodates more or less fine dust and more or less clogging, or to relate this number of strokes to a system for controlling the filtering efficiency. The change in the number of strokes need not be accompanied by a change in the mechanical parts, but can be determined by the operator by simply changing the power supply time of the device.
The cleaning method according to the application is used for a dust collector for gaseous fluids having a vertical structure comprising a vertical filter channel into which fluid to be dedusted from a dust-containing fluid zone is introduced and a vertical pipe from which the dedusted fluid from the filter channel leaves the vertical pipe to flow to a cleaning fluid zone. As with some prior art methods, it includes a hammering step that causes the dust to separate from the filter channels and to fall by gravity toward a collection point.
The method according to the application is carried out starting from an initial normal operating condition of the dust collector, in which the fluid to be dedusted enters the vertical channel, the dust is deposited in the vertical filter channel, and leaves through the vertical duct towards the clean environment; the method starts when the operation of the dust container is no longer acceptable, as a result of excessive deposition of dust in the filter channels, assessed using a suitable analysis system of a known type.
The method according to the application comprises an initial step of actuating an actuator by means of a first energy source, which acts on the isolation system to prevent the dedusted fluid from escaping towards the cleaning fluid zone. According to a further step, a restriction device is actuated by a second energy source, which restriction device keeps the output of the de-dusted fluid interrupted; this step further includes continuing to actuate the actuator by the first energy source to cause the hammering step for a predetermined time and a predetermined number of strokes. Preferably, the first energy source and the second energy source provide energy of an electrical type; in this case, an electromechanical actuator and an electromagnetic restraint are used.
Once the action of the hammering device is considered sufficient to clean the filtering surface, which causes the dust to separate from the filtering surface and fall by the gravity of the dust into the collecting area, a step of interrupting the two energy sources is performed to complete the hammering step and a step of preventing the dedusted fluid from being discharged toward the cleaning fluid area, thereby restoring the initial operation state of the dust collector.
If the first energy source and the second energy source are powered, they are very simply and conveniently activated and deactivated by providing a single command, for example by means of a conventional electrical switch, which allows powering both the electromechanical type actuator and the electromagnetic restraining means. In short, a single command is used which activates the devices of the cleaning system by the same power source (which constitutes both the first and the second energy source).
In both embodiments described above, the cleaning device according to the application allows the method to be carried out, since it has all the elements that are able to actuate the various steps of the method.
Claims (11)
1. An apparatus comprising a dust collector for gaseous fluid and a cleaning device for cleaning the dust collector, the dust collector comprising a plurality of vertical channels (2) having an open end for introducing the fluid to be dedusted and a plurality of vertical pipes (3) having an open end for discharging the dedusted fluid, the open ends of the vertical channels (2) and the vertical pipes (3) leading to opposite heads of the dust collector, the cleaning device comprising: a hammering device (4, 104) operable for inducing an impact stroke on one (20) of two opposite heads of the dust collector, the heads being an integral part of the rigid structure of the dust collector and being configured to hermetically seal the ends of the vertical channels (2) and to open the ends of the vertical pipes (3), the hammering device (4, 104) comprising an isolation system (5, 105) movable between an open position in which the isolation system (5, 105) allows fluid communication between the dust collector and the environment outside the dust collector; first means arranged for actuating the hammering means to initiate a hammering step, wherein the cleaning device further comprises: a second device operable to retain the isolation system in the closed position when the isolation system is in the closed position such that the hammering device can be actuated for a freely selectable number of impact strokes while the isolation system is retained in the closed position, the second device further configured to allow the isolation system to be brought back to the open position at the end of the hammering step, wherein the first device is further configured to bring the isolation system into the closed position in which the isolation system (5, 105) prevents fluid communication between the dust collector and the environment.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first means comprise a cam (6, 106) rotatable on command and having a profile adapted to interact with the isolation system to move the isolation system from the open position to the closed position; the cam is provided with a contact element arranged to actuate the hammering device during rotation of the cam; the second device is configured to prevent interaction between the isolation system and the profile of the cam.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the cam is rotatably driven by an electric motor (8, 108); the second means comprises electromagnetic means adapted to be energized when the motor is energized to block the isolation system in its closed position.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cleaning device comprises a distributor for distributing the shock wave caused by the hammering device on the head of the dust collector.
5. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the hammering device (4) comprises a tower (10) fixed relative to the head (20) of the dust collector, an impact element (11) being adapted to slide inside the tower (10), the impact element (11) being controlled by the cam (6) and configured to be cyclically raised and lowered to give an impact stroke that causes a shock wave on the head of the dust collector; the insulation system (5) comprises a frame (14) sealingly surrounding the head of the dust collector, a ferromagnetic contact element (13) being connected outside the frame (14); the isolation system (5) comprises a support base (16) on which is positioned a cover (17) surrounding the head of the dust collector and the hammering device (4), the cover (17) being hinged to the frame and having the electromagnetic device at opposite ends; the contours of the cams (6) interact on the support base; resilient means are provided which are adapted to hold the insulation system in the open position.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein in the closed position of the isolation system, the support base sealingly rests on the frame.
7. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the hammering device (104) comprises a tower (110) fixed relative to the head (20) of the dust collector, an impact element (111) being adapted to slide inside the tower (110), the impact element (111) being controlled by the cam (106) and configured to be cyclically raised and lowered to give an impact stroke which causes a shock wave on the head of the dust collector; -the insulation system (105) comprises a cover (117) surrounding the head of the dust collector and the hammering device (104) and sealingly surrounding the head of the dust collector underneath, an opening (119) being provided at the top of the cover (117), the opening (119) being open towards the outside when the insulation system is in the open position; the isolation system comprises a shutter (120) on which the profile of the cam (106) interacts, the shutter (120) being shaped and positioned in such a way as to close the opening (119) on command; the electromagnetic device comprises an electromagnet (109) which blocks the shutter (120) in its closed position in which it closes the opening of the cover; resilient means are provided which are adapted to hold the shutter in an open position.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that said shutter (120) has a conical shape with a larger seat facing said opening and has an axial stem (121) which can slide upwards in a bushing provided on a cross-shaped element (122) provided on said opening of said cover; the lower part of the rod is slidably inserted into a cavity (123) provided on an impact element (111) of the hammering device; by the ascent of the impact member, the shutter is pushed toward the opening of the cover to close the opening.
9. A cleaning method for cleaning a dust collector for gaseous fluid in an apparatus according to claim 1, the method being used with a dust collector having a vertical structure comprising a vertical filter channel into which a fluid to be dedusted is introduced, the fluid coming from a region containing dust fluid, the dust collector further comprising a vertical duct from which dust-free fluid escapes towards a cleaning fluid region, the dust-free fluid coming from the filter channel, wherein a hammering step is provided, which results in dust being separated from the filter channel and falling by gravity towards a collection point, characterized in that, starting from an initial condition of normal operation of the dust collector, the method comprises the steps of: actuating an actuator acting on the isolation system by a first energy source for preventing the flow of de-dusted fluid out toward the cleaning fluid region; actuating a restriction device by a second energy source, the restriction device maintaining interruption of outflow of the de-dusted fluid, and the first energy source continuing to actuate the actuator to cause the hammering step for a predetermined time and a predetermined number of strokes; interrupting the two energy sources so as to end the hammering step; and a step of preventing the dedusted fluid from flowing out toward the cleaning fluid region and thereby reestablishing an initial state.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first energy source and the second energy source supply power to the actuator of an electromechanical type and the restraining device of an electromagnetic type.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the steps of activating and deactivating the first energy source and the second energy source are obtained by activating a single command that provides a single source of both the first energy source and the second energy source.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102019000000175A IT201900000175A1 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Cleaning device and method for dust collector. |
| IT102019000000175 | 2019-01-08 | ||
| PCT/IB2020/050120 WO2020144595A1 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | A cleaning device and a cleaning method for a dust collector. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113573793A CN113573793A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
| CN113573793B true CN113573793B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080017988.6A Active CN113573793B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Cleaning device and cleaning method for dust collector |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113573793B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT201900000175A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020144595A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102208983B1 (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-27 | 씨에스케이(주) | Apparatus for collecting powder in exhaust gas having filter dust removal function and exhaust gas treatment equipment with the same |
| ES2991521T3 (en) | 2022-02-04 | 2024-12-03 | Wamgroup Spa | Apparatus comprising a filtering device and a corresponding cleaning system |
| CN117654779B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-06-07 | 华能辛店发电有限公司 | Dust removing device and method for thermal power plant |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113573793A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
| WO2020144595A9 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
| WO2020144595A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
| IT201900000175A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
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