CN113567156A - A device and method for testing tire noise by a flat steel belt testing machine in a semi-anechoic chamber - Google Patents
A device and method for testing tire noise by a flat steel belt testing machine in a semi-anechoic chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567156A CN113567156A CN202110829941.6A CN202110829941A CN113567156A CN 113567156 A CN113567156 A CN 113567156A CN 202110829941 A CN202110829941 A CN 202110829941A CN 113567156 A CN113567156 A CN 113567156A
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- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种半消声室平板钢带试验机测试轮胎噪声的装置及方法，属于轮胎制造技术领域。包括轮胎，所述轮胎的轮轴上安装压力传感器；还包括设置在地平面上的半消音室，设置在地平面下的地下室，所述地下室内部设置运输带，所述运输带上表面与所述地平面平齐，运输带通过驱动电机驱动，运输带表面设置模拟路面的纹理；所述半消音室内位于运输带的一侧设置用于采集噪音的麦克风和用于给轮胎加载重力以模仿车身重量的液压加载装置，通过所述传感器来获得液压加载装置加载压力的大小。本发明能够较好的模拟实车状态，使得轮胎噪音测试的值较真实；且测试费用低、受外在因素影响低。
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing tire noise by a flat steel belt testing machine in a semi-anechoic chamber, and belongs to the technical field of tire manufacturing. It includes tires, and pressure sensors are installed on the axles of the tires; it also includes a semi-anechoic chamber arranged on the ground level, and a basement under the ground level, and a conveyor belt is arranged inside the basement, and the upper surface of the conveyor belt is connected to the The ground plane is flush, the conveyor belt is driven by a drive motor, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with a texture that simulates the road surface; the semi-anechoic chamber is located on one side of the conveyor belt with a microphone for collecting noise and for applying gravity to the tire to simulate the weight of the car body The hydraulic loading device obtains the magnitude of the loading pressure of the hydraulic loading device through the sensor. The invention can better simulate the real vehicle state, so that the tire noise test value is more real; and the test cost is low and the influence of external factors is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tire manufacturing, in particular to a method and a device for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine.
Background
The conventional tire noise test methods are classified into the following three types:
1. outdoor air noise test: and on a smooth road surface of the test field, the vehicle carries out noise test on the noise test road surface of the test field at the speed of 80km/h by using a microphone, and the noise test result is transmitted to computer software through data acquisition equipment to obtain a test result. The disadvantages are as follows: the test cost of a test field is high, and testers need to arrange equipment in the field, and the driver drives the test field and is greatly influenced by weather environments (such as wind speed and the like); and mainly tests the air noise within the frequency range of 300-5000 Hz.
2. And (3) testing the outdoor low-frequency structure noise: on a rough road surface of a test field, the sound level meter used in the vehicle for testing the noise in the vehicle is 40km/h or 60km/h, and has the main defects that: the test must be carried out on special rough road surface in a test field, the test cost is high, subjective evaluation and related in-vehicle sound level meter test are required to be carried out in a vehicle, and the noise within the frequency range of 20-500 HZ is mainly tested.
3. The existing indoor rotary drum test method comprises the following steps: in the semi-anechoic chamber, the drum drives the loaded tire, and the microphone at the corresponding position is used for testing the rolling noise of the tire. The drum surface of the rotary drum is different from the road surface of an actual experiment field, and the outdoor real vehicle test scene cannot be simulated accurately. The rotary drum is circular and can not be in airtight contact with a pattern groove like the road surface, so that the area of a road surface contact mark is formed, air noises such as related organ pipe noises, horn noises and the like are generated, and a real noise value can not be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects that three testing methods of tire noise in the prior art are different, the invention provides the device and the method for testing the tire noise by using the semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine, which can better simulate the real vehicle state and ensure that the value of the tire noise test is more real; and the test cost is low and the influence of external factors is low.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine, which comprises a tire, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged on a wheel axle of the tire;
the device comprises a basement, a driving motor, a semi-anechoic chamber and a conveyer belt, wherein the semi-anechoic chamber is arranged on the ground level, the basement is arranged below the ground level, the conveyer belt is arranged in the basement, the upper surface of the conveyer belt is flush with the ground level, the conveyer belt is driven by the driving motor, and the surface of the conveyer belt is provided with textures simulating a road surface; and a microphone for collecting noise and a hydraulic loading device for loading gravity on the tire to simulate the weight of a vehicle body are arranged on one side of the conveying belt in the semi-silencing chamber, and the loading pressure of the hydraulic loading device is obtained through the sensor.
Preferably, the driving motor is arranged in a separate sealed space below the ground level relative to the basement.
As optimization, polyurethane foam is arranged on the independent sealed space for placing the driving motor and the wall around the basement.
As optimization, the surface of the conveyer belt is provided with simulated road surfaces which are divided into two textures of steel smooth texture and steel rough texture so as to respectively simulate the smooth road surface and the rough road surface.
For optimization, the microphones are arranged at a transverse distance of 1m and a vertical distance of 1m from the tested tire.
A method for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine comprises the following steps according to the device:
s1: starting a driving motor, and respectively driving a steel smooth texture conveyer belt and a steel rough texture conveyer belt to idle at different speeds by the driving motor so as to obtain background noise;
s2: adjusting tire parameters;
s3: placing the tire with the adjusted parameters above the surface of the conveyer belt with either the steel smooth texture or the steel rough texture, wherein the tire and the conveyer belt are in contact with each other;
s4: starting a hydraulic loading device to pressurize the tire so as to simulate the driving load of the tire during actual running;
s5: determining a position of a microphone;
s6: starting a driving motor, and driving the conveying belt to run at different speeds by the driving motor so as to simulate different running speeds;
s7: and (3) carrying out data processing on signals acquired by the microphone, and carrying out data processing through computer software LMS TEST LAB to obtain the noise intensity and frequency range of the tire.
As an optimization, in the step S2, the specific steps include:
the tire body and the rim are assembled, the tire is inflated according to the standard, and the tire is parked for 1 hour at the room temperature (23 +/-1) DEG C +/-after the inflation.
As an optimization, in the step S4:
the tire (9) is pressurized, and the loaded load is 80% of the driving load of the tire when the vehicle runs.
As an optimization, in the step S1:
the idle speed is as follows: the speed of the steel smooth texture (41) is 60km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h; the steel rough texture speed is 40km/h and 60 km/h.
As an optimization, in the step S6:
the different speeds are: the speed of the steel smooth texture (41) is 60km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h; the steel rough texture speed is 40km/h and 60 km/h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention relates to a device and a method for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine,
(1) the tire is driven to rotate by adopting two planar steel belts with smooth and rough surfaces instead of a circular rotary drum, so that pattern noise can be simulated and tested, and road noise can be simulated and tested. Better simulating the noise generated by the tire alone in the real vehicle state
(2) The same tire can be tested on the smooth steel belt plane, and then the test is carried out on the rough steel belt plane; the method can analyze the difference of noise frequency range and sound pressure level when the same tire is tested on different roads.
(3) The noise test adopts a motor to drive a plane steel belt to operate, and the wall around the operation part below the ground adopts polyurethane foam to isolate background noise and vibration to a certain extent; the influence of interference noise generated by motor driving and flat steel belt rotation on actual tire testing is well avoided.
(4) The conveyer belt runs, the contact area of the tire/steel belt and the contact area of the tire/road surface are basically similar, and the noise types which cannot be accurately simulated by drum tests such as pumping noise, organ pipe noise, flapping noise and the like can be well simulated and tested.
(5) The device is not influenced by subjective and objective interference factors such as drivers, weather, vehicles and the like, and in a semi-anechoic chamber, structural noise and air noise generated by the contact of tires with different road surfaces in the rolling process and the frequency range are simulated and researched separately and comprehensively on a flat steel belt testing machine; the method provides great convenience for the subsequent research on the influence of structures such as tire structures/formulas on noise, shortens the period and saves the research and development cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the test results of the present invention;
wherein 1-a semi-anechoic chamber; 2-separate sealed space; 3-polyurethane foam; 4-a conveyor belt; 41-smooth texture of steel; 42-rough texture made of steel; 5-driving a motor; 6-operating the bracket; 7-driving the roller; 8-a driven drum; 9-a tire; 10-a microphone; 11-a hydraulic loading device; 12-ground plane; 13-a wheel axle; 14 basement.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a device and a method for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine, which can better simulate the real vehicle state and ensure that the value of the tire noise test is more real; and the test cost is low and the influence of external factors is low.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the invention provides a device for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt tester, which comprises a tested tire 9, wherein the tire 9 comprises a tire body, a rim and a wheel axle 13, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the wheel axle 13 of the tire 9;
still including setting up the half anechoic chamber 1 that is used for the test above ground level 12, the last airtight space of making by special technology of half anechoic chamber 1 is in order to prevent external noise interference test to and set up basement 14 below ground level 12, basement 14 sets up driven spare part and can produce the noise, and half anechoic chamber 1 sets up is the spare part of test tire 9 noise, just so fine isolate some spare parts that can produce the noise, avoid external noise to bring the interference for the actual test result as far as possible. The basement 14 is inside to set up the transportation area 4, transportation area 4 upper surface with 12 parallel and level on the ground, transportation area 4 passes through driving motor 5 drive, and driving motor 5 drive driving roller 7, driven cylinder 8 drive transportation area 4 operation, and transportation area 4 supports through operation support 6. In the scheme, the driving motor 5 adopts a three-phase alternating current motor, and the surface of the conveyer belt 4 is provided with textures simulating a road surface; the semi-anechoic chamber 1 is internally provided with a microphone 10 for collecting noise and a hydraulic loading device 11 for loading gravity on the tire 9 to imitate the weight of a vehicle body at one side of the conveyor belt 4, and the magnitude of loading pressure is obtained through the sensor. During operation, tire 9 installs in conveyer belt 4 top, pressurizes tire 9 through hydraulic loading device 11 for imitate the weight of automobile body in actual driving, then conveyer belt 4 imitates the road surface condition, starts driving motor 5, and conveyer belt 4 operates, and the condition when tire 9 imitates actual driving on conveyer belt 4, and then microphone 10 can collect the noise that this moment produced, has effectually surveyed the noise decibel of tire 9 when actual driving promptly. The data collected by the microphone 10 is processed by the LMS TEST LAB to obtain the noise level and frequency range of the tire 9, as shown in fig. 4. The device can better simulate the real vehicle state, so the measured noise magnitude value is more accurate and is less influenced by external factors.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to reduce the noise interference generated by the driving motor 5 and obtain a more accurate noise value of the tire 9, the driving motor 7 is isolated from the conveyor belt and the tire 9, and the driving motor 7 is disposed below the ground level 12 and opposite to the single sealed space 2 of the basement 14.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, in order to further improve the interference caused by the external noise and obtain a more accurate noise value of the tire 9, the polyurethane foam 3 for isolating the noise is disposed on the separate sealed space 2 where the driving motor 5 is disposed and the wall around the basement 14, so that the influence of the interference noise caused by the rotation of the driving motor 5 and the conveyer belt 4 on the actual tire test can be well avoided. The thickness of the polyurethane foam 3 in the present embodiment is 10 cm.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to simulate different road conditions, the surface of the conveyor belt 4 is provided with two textures, i.e., a smooth steel texture 41 and a rough steel texture 42, so as to simulate a smooth road surface and a rough road surface, respectively. The steel smooth texture 41 and the steel rough texture 42 are symmetrically distributed around the center of the conveyor belt 4. The test on the conveyer belt 4 under different conditions can compare the difference of noise frequency range and sound pressure level when the same tire is tested on different road surfaces.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present embodiment, the microphone 10 is disposed at a lateral distance of 1m and a vertical distance of 1m from the tire 9 under test.
A method for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine comprises the following steps according to the testing device:
s1: and starting the driving motor 5, wherein the driving motor 5 respectively drives the steel smooth texture 41 conveyer belt and the steel rough texture 42 conveyer belt to idle at different speeds so as to obtain a background noise value, and ensure that the background noise is lower than 25 decibels so as to avoid the influence of overhigh background noise on test data.
S2: adjusting parameters of the tire 9, assembling the tire body and the rim, inflating according to the requirements of standard GB/T2977, and parking for 1 hour at room temperature (23 +/-1) DEG C +/-after inflation;
s3: placing the tire 9 with the adjusted parameters above the surface of the conveyor belt 4 with either the steel smooth texture 41 or the steel rough texture 42, and enabling the tire and the conveyor belt to be in contact with each other;
s4: starting a hydraulic loading device 11 to pressurize the tire, wherein the loaded load is 80% of the driving load of the tire when the vehicle runs so as to simulate the driving load of the tire 9 when the vehicle actually runs;
s5: determining the position of a microphone 10, wherein the microphone 10 is arranged at a transverse distance of 1m and a vertical distance of 1m from the tested tire 9;
s6: starting a driving motor 5, wherein the driving motor 5 drives the conveyer belt 4 to run at different speeds so as to simulate different running speeds; the microphone 10 will pick up the noise level generated by the tyre 9 at different speeds.
S7: and (3) carrying out data processing on the signals acquired by the microphone 10, and carrying out data processing through computer software LMS TEST LAB to obtain the noise intensity and frequency range of the tire.
Specifically, in the above method, in step S1, the idling speed is: the speed of the steel smooth texture 41 is 60km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h; the speed of the steel rough texture 42 is 40km/h and 60 km/h.
Specifically, in the above method, in step S6, the different speeds are: the speed of the steel smooth texture 41 is 60km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h; the speed of the steel rough texture 42 is 40km/h and 60 km/h.
The positions of the microphones are established according to the standard GB/T6882-2016; the texture of the steel strip on the conveyor belt is established according to ISO 10844.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine comprises a tire (9), and is characterized in that a pressure sensor is arranged on a wheel shaft (13) of the tire (9);
the damping device is characterized by further comprising a semi-anechoic chamber (1) arranged on the ground level (12) and a basement (14) arranged below the ground level (12), wherein a conveying belt (4) is arranged inside the basement (14), the upper surface of the conveying belt (4) is flush with the ground level (12), the conveying belt (4) is driven by a driving motor (5), and patterns simulating a road surface are arranged on the surface of the conveying belt (4); a microphone (10) for collecting noise and a hydraulic loading device (11) for loading the tire (9) with weight to imitate the weight of a vehicle body are arranged on one side of the conveying belt (4) in the semi-anechoic chamber (1), and the loading pressure of the hydraulic loading device (11) is obtained through the sensor.
2. The device for testing tire noise of the semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that the driving motor (5) is arranged below the ground level (12) and opposite to the single sealed space (2) of the basement (14).
3. The device for testing tire noise of the flat steel strip testing machine of the semi-anechoic chamber according to claim 2, wherein the polyurethane foam (3) is arranged on the single sealed space (2) for placing the driving motor (5) and the wall around the basement (14).
4. The device for testing the tire noise of the semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to the claim 1 is characterized in that the surface of the transport belt (4) is provided with a simulated road surface pattern which is divided into a steel smooth texture (41) and a steel rough texture (42) so as to respectively simulate a smooth road surface and a rough road surface.
5. The device for testing tire noise of the semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the microphone (10) is arranged at a transverse distance of 1m and a vertical distance of 1m from the tire (9) to be tested.
6. A method for testing tire noise by a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel strip testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: starting a driving motor (5), wherein the driving motor (5) respectively drives a steel smooth texture (41) conveying belt and a steel rough texture (42) conveying belt (4) to idle at different speeds so as to obtain background noise;
s2: -adjusting tyre (9) parameters;
s3: placing the tire (9) with the adjusted parameters above either the steel smooth texture (41) or the steel rough texture (42) on the surface of the conveyer belt (4), and enabling the tire (9) and the conveyer belt (4) to be in contact with each other;
s4: starting a hydraulic loading device (11) to pressurize the tire (9) so as to simulate the driving load of the tire (9) during actual running;
s5: determining a position of the microphone (10);
s6: starting a driving motor (5), wherein the driving motor (5) drives a conveyer belt (4) to run at different speeds so as to simulate different running speeds;
s7: and (3) carrying out data processing on the signals acquired by the microphone (10), and carrying out data processing through computer software LMS TEST LAB to obtain the noise magnitude and the frequency range of the tire (9).
7. The method for testing tire noise by using a semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to claim 6, wherein the step S2 comprises the following specific steps:
the tire body and the rim are assembled, the tire is inflated according to the standard, and the tire is parked for 1 hour at the room temperature (23 +/-1) DEG C +/-after the inflation.
8. The method for testing tire noise by using semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to claim 6, wherein in the step of S4:
the tire (9) is pressurized, and the loaded load is 80% of the driving load of the tire when the vehicle runs.
9. The method for testing tire noise by using semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to claim 6, wherein in the step of S1:
the idle speed is as follows: the speed of the steel smooth texture (41) is 60km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h; the speed of the steel rough texture (42) is 40km/h and 60 km/h.
10. The method for testing tire noise by using semi-anechoic chamber flat steel belt testing machine according to claim 6, wherein in the step of S6:
the different speeds are: the speed of the steel smooth texture (41) is 60km/h, 80km/h and 100 km/h; the speed of the steel rough texture (42) is 40km/h and 60 km/h.
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