CN113562206A - A simulated weightlessness system based on cylinder and air-floating pad - Google Patents
A simulated weightlessness system based on cylinder and air-floating pad Download PDFInfo
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- CN113562206A CN113562206A CN202110699118.8A CN202110699118A CN113562206A CN 113562206 A CN113562206 A CN 113562206A CN 202110699118 A CN202110699118 A CN 202110699118A CN 113562206 A CN113562206 A CN 113562206A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于气缸和气浮垫的模拟失重系统，包括底板、铰链安装机构、激振机构和气浮机构，铰链安装机构、气浮机构和激振机构沿一条直线依次安装在底板上；所述铰链安装机构用于固定被测铰链，所述铰链安装机构包括被测铰链、驱动转接板、铰链安装座、铰链安装座支撑块、轻质刚性杆和配重块，所述激振机构包括力传感器法兰、力传感器、激振杆、激振器、激振器安装座和激振器安装座支撑块，所述气浮机构包括气浮垫、气浮平台、活塞杆、活塞、气缸上端盖、气缸下端盖、气缸壁、限位杆和气浮机构底座，本发明使用气浮装置来模拟失重环境，减少了摩擦力的影响，使得测试结果更加准确。
The invention discloses a weightless simulation system based on a cylinder and an air-floating cushion, which comprises a base plate, a hinge installation mechanism, a vibration excitation mechanism and an air float mechanism, wherein the hinge installation mechanism, the air float mechanism and the vibration excitation mechanism are sequentially installed on the base plate along a straight line; The hinge mounting mechanism is used to fix the hinge under test, and the hinge mounting mechanism includes the hinge under test, a drive adapter plate, a hinge mounting seat, a hinge mounting seat support block, a light-weight rigid rod and a counterweight. The mechanism includes a force sensor flange, a force sensor, an exciter rod, an exciter, a vibration exciter mounting seat and a support block for the exciter mounting seat, and the air flotation mechanism includes an air flotation pad, an air flotation platform, a piston rod, a piston , the upper end cover of the cylinder, the lower end cover of the cylinder, the cylinder wall, the limit rod and the base of the air flotation mechanism, the invention uses the air flotation device to simulate the weightless environment, reduces the influence of friction, and makes the test results more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a simulated weightlessness system based on an air cylinder and an air floating cushion, in particular to a simulated weightlessness system based on an air cylinder and an air floating cushion.
Background
The solar cell array is the only energy source when most spacecrafts operate in orbit, and the principle is that the radiation energy of sunlight is converted into electric energy through the photovoltaic effect, so that the electricity utilization requirement of the spacecrafts in the orbit can be guaranteed. The solar cell array mainly comprises a plurality of substrates attached with solar cells, the substrates are connected through hinges, and a weightless environment needs to be simulated on the ground in order to obtain parameters and performance of the solar cell array during working. In the structure of the solar cell array, the hinge is a connecting piece, and the fact proves that the rigidity of the hinge can influence the modeling and simulation of the solar cell array, so that the dynamic rigidity of the space hinge needs to be tested under the ground simulated weightless environment. The main method for testing dynamic stiffness is to provide an excitation force with a certain frequency for a vibration exciter, the excitation force acts on a balancing weight, the balancing weight has the same stiffness due to rigid connection with a hinge, displacement sensors are arranged on two sides of the balancing weight to measure the displacement of the balancing weight, the frequency of the excitation force is continuously changed, a resonance phenomenon can occur when the frequency of the excitation force is close to the inherent frequency of the balancing weight, the displacement of the balancing weight is suddenly increased at the moment, and the dynamic stiffness of the hinge can be determined through data such as the excitation force. The current methods for simulating weightless environment mainly include a suspension method and an air floatation method. The principle of the suspension method is that a rubber rope is used for suspending an object to achieve the purpose of gravity compensation, but when the dynamic stiffness is tested, the test result is inaccurate due to the introduction of the disturbance of the rubber rope; the air floatation method gradually becomes a main method for simulating a weightless environment due to the precision and the stability of the air floatation method, but the current air floatation method cannot provide a constant force which can ensure that the interaction force between the hinges is zero, so that the result of testing the dynamic stiffness of the hinges is more accurate, and in addition, because the air floatation cushion needs to be supplied with air independently, the condition of air pipe disturbance exists, and the accuracy of the test result is more unfavorable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional air floatation mechanism cannot provide constant force and air pipe disturbance exists, provides a simulated weightlessness system based on an air cylinder and an air floatation cushion, and effectively avoids the influence of interaction force between hinges on a test result and the influence of air pipe disturbance on the test, which are caused by the fact that constant force with a determined value cannot be provided.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a simulated weightlessness system based on air cylinders and air floating cushions comprises a bottom plate, a hinge mounting mechanism, an excitation mechanism and an air floating mechanism, wherein the hinge mounting mechanism, the air floating mechanism and the excitation mechanism are sequentially mounted on the bottom plate along a straight line;
the hinge mounting mechanism is used for fixing a tested hinge and comprises the tested hinge, a driving adapter plate, a hinge mounting seat supporting block, a light rigid rod and a balancing weight, wherein the hinge mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the hinge mounting seat supporting block, and the hinge mounting seat supporting block is fixed on a bottom plate; the driving adapter plate is vertically arranged on one side surface of the hinge mounting seat through a threaded bolt, two hinges to be tested are arranged on the right side of the driving adapter plate, the right side of each hinge is connected with one end of a light rigid rod, and the other end of the light rigid rod is rigidly connected with one end of a balancing weight;
the vibration excitation mechanism comprises a force sensor flange, a force sensor, a vibration excitation rod, a vibration exciter mounting seat and a vibration exciter mounting seat supporting block, wherein the force sensor flange is mounted at the other end of the balancing weight; when the balancing weight is installed, the centers of the hinge installation seat, the balancing weight and the vibration exciter installation seat are on the same horizontal plane;
the air floatation mechanism comprises an air floatation cushion, an air floatation platform, a piston rod, a piston, an air cylinder upper end cover, an air cylinder lower end cover, an air cylinder wall, a limiting rod and an air floatation mechanism base, the air floatation mechanism base is installed on the bottom plate, the limiting rod is installed on the air floatation mechanism base, and the upper part of the limiting rod is uniformly arranged around the edge of the balancing weight; the piston rod, the piston, the upper end cover of the cylinder, the lower end cover of the cylinder and the cylinder wall form a constant force cylinder for providing constant force, the upper end cover of the cylinder and the lower end cover of the cylinder are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder wall, the piston is arranged in the cylinder wall, the lower end of the piston rod penetrates through the upper end cover of the cylinder and then is connected with the piston, the upper end of the piston rod is connected with an air floatation platform, and at least three air floatation cushions are uniformly arranged on the air floatation platform; the air cylinder is characterized in that a first air inlet cavity is formed in the lower end of a piston inside the air cylinder wall, an air leakage cavity is formed in the upper end of the piston inside the air cylinder wall, a first air inlet hole and a first pressure relief hole are formed in the air cylinder wall, the first air inlet hole is communicated with the first air inlet cavity inside the air cylinder wall, the first pressure relief hole is communicated with the air leakage cavity inside the air cylinder wall, the first air inlet hole is connected with a large air storage tank through an air inlet pipeline, an air pressure sensor and a pressure regulating valve are arranged on the air inlet pipeline, and air in the large air storage tank enters the first air inlet cavity inside the air cylinder wall through the first air inlet hole from the air inlet pipeline; the piston rod is arranged in a hollow mode, a second air inlet hole and a second air release hole are formed in the piston rod, a second air inlet cavity is formed in the piston, the second air inlet cavity is communicated with the first air inlet cavity through an orifice, the second air inlet hole is connected with the second air release hole and the hollow cavity in the piston rod, the hollow cavity is communicated with the second air inlet cavity through the second air inlet hole, the second air release hole is formed in the portion, extending out of the cylinder wall, of the piston rod, and the hollow cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the second air release hole; the bottom of the air floatation platform is provided with an air floatation air inlet cavity which is communicated with the hollow cavity of the piston rod, and meanwhile, the air floatation air inlet cavity is connected with an air floatation cushion through a pipeline arranged inside the air floatation platform and supplies air for the air floatation cushion on the air floatation platform.
Furthermore, the centers of the hinge mounting seat, the balancing weight and the vibration exciter mounting seat are on the same horizontal plane.
Furthermore, two measured hinges are installed on the right side of the driving adapter plate, the left side and the right side of each measured hinge are guaranteed not to be subjected to supporting force of the driving adapter plate during installation, and then the measured hinges are not subjected to the supporting force provided by the upper surface and the lower surface of the driving adapter plate through constant force provided by the air cylinders, so that the purpose of simulating a weightless environment is achieved.
Further, the rigidity of the hinge to be measured, the light rigid rod and the balance weight is the same. Therefore, the installation requirements of the hinge to be tested, the light rigid rod and the balancing weight are met.
Furthermore, the excitation mechanism provides excitation force with different frequencies to excite the counterweight block. The force sensor can measure the exciting force provided by the vibration exciter; the excitation rod is arranged on the right side of the force sensor and plays a role in connecting the vibration exciter.
The air floatation mechanism has the function of providing a constant force, the force can enable the interaction force between the hinge and the light rigid rod to be zero, the hinge is enabled to be in the condition of simulating a weightless environment, secondly, the air floatation mechanism enables the bottom surface of the balancing weight to be provided with a layer of tiny air film, the air film enables the balancing weight to be in the condition of simulating the weightless environment, and the dynamic stiffness test is facilitated due to the fact that the influence of friction force does not exist.
The constant force cylinder is also used for supplying air for an air floatation cushion to achieve the purpose of eliminating air pipe disturbance, a first air inlet hole and a first pressure relief hole are formed in the wall of the cylinder, the pressure relief hole is connected with the outside, therefore, the air pressure in the pressure relief cavity is atmospheric pressure, the first air inlet hole is externally connected with an air pressure sensor, a pressure regulating valve and a large air storage tank, air enters the cylinder from the first air inlet hole, the air pressure value can be measured through the air pressure sensor, and as the area of the piston is fixed, the output force can be kept constant through a calculation formula as long as the air inlet pressure is kept constant, and the air inlet pressure can be regulated through the pressure regulating valve. However, the displacement of the piston may cause a volume change, thereby causing a pressure transient, so that the first air inlet hole is connected with the large air storage tank through the air pipe, which is equivalent to increasing the volume of the first air inlet cavity, and the effect of the volume change caused by the movement of the piston is negligible. Throttle holes are distributed at the bottom and the periphery of the piston, and gas in the first air inlet cavity passes through the throttle holes to form a layer of gas film between the piston and the cylinder wall, so that the friction force of the piston during movement is reduced. The piston rod is provided with a second air inlet hole and a second air leakage hole, the second air inlet hole is connected with the hollow cavity and the air inlet cavity through an air pipe, air passes through the piston rod and enters the air floatation air inlet cavity of the air floatation platform through the hollow cavity, and finally the air outlet hole in the air floatation air inlet cavity of the air floatation platform enters the air floatation cushion, and the air floatation cushion and the small air film of one layer are formed between the balancing weights to compensate the gravity of the balancing weights.
Further, the air floating cushion is in an oblate cylindrical shape, the bottom of the air floating cushion is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected with an air floating air inlet cavity through an air pipe provided with a pressure regulating valve,
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the traditional suspended method for simulating the weightless environment, disturbance of a rubber rope is introduced in a test for measuring dynamic stiffness, so that the test result is inaccurate.
2. According to the invention, gas is introduced through the second gas inlet hole on the piston rod, gas is supplied to the air floating cushion through the gas outlet hole of the air floating platform, so that the influence caused by disturbance of the gas pipe is reduced, and the stability of gas film formation is ensured due to the design of the gas outlet hole path in the air floating platform.
3. The upper surface of the air floating platform and the upper surface of the air floating pad can be ensured to be horizontal through strict requirements of processing, so that an air film at the bottom of the balancing weight is kept uniform, and uniform supporting force is provided.
4. The design and the structure of the air cylinder can improve the precision of constant force output, thereby compensating the gravity of the balancing weight, ensuring that the acting force between the hinge and the light rigid rod is zero, and being beneficial to dynamic stiffness test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a simulated weightlessness system based on air cylinders and air cushions according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the air bearing mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an air bearing mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-bottom plate, 2-hinge mounting seat supporting block, 3-hinge mounting seat, 4-driving adapter plate, 5-tested hinge, 6-light rigid rod, 7-counterweight block, 8-force sensor flange, 9-force sensor, 10-vibration exciting rod, 11-vibration exciter, 12-vibration exciter connecting seat, 13-vibration exciter connecting seat supporting block and 14-air floating mechanism base, 15-a limiting rod, 16-an upper end cover of a cylinder, 17-a piston rod, 18-an air floating cushion, 19-an air floating platform, 20-a cylinder wall, 21-a lower end cover of the cylinder, 22-a piston, 23-a first air inlet hole, 24-a throttling hole, 25-a first pressure relief hole, 26-a second air inlet hole and 27-a second pressure relief hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a simulated weightlessness system based on an air cylinder and an air bearing cushion comprises a bottom plate 1, a hinge mounting mechanism, an excitation mechanism and an air bearing mechanism, wherein the hinge mounting mechanism, the air bearing mechanism and the excitation mechanism are sequentially mounted on the bottom plate 1 along a straight line;
the hinge mounting mechanism is used for fixing a tested hinge 5 and comprises the tested hinge 5, a driving adapter plate 4, a hinge mounting seat 3, a hinge mounting seat supporting block 2, a light rigid rod 6 and a balancing weight 7, wherein the hinge mounting seat 3 is fixedly mounted on the hinge mounting seat supporting block 2, and the hinge mounting seat supporting block 2 is fixed on a bottom plate 1; the driving adapter plate 4 is vertically arranged on one side surface of the hinge mounting seat 3 through a threaded bolt, two hinges to be tested 5 are arranged on the right side of the driving adapter plate 4, the right side of each hinge is connected with one end of a light rigid rod 6, and the other end of the light rigid rod 6 is rigidly connected with one end of a balancing weight 7; during installation, the left side and the right side of the hinge 5 to be tested are not supported by the supporting force of the driving adapter plate 4, and then the hinge is not supported by the supporting force provided by the upper surface and the lower surface of the driving adapter plate through the constant force provided by the air cylinder, so that the aim of simulating a weightless environment is fulfilled; and a light rigid rod 6 is arranged on the right side of the hinge 5, and the right side of the light rigid rod 6 is rigidly connected with a balancing weight 7. The rigidity of the tested hinge 5, the light rigid rod 6 and the balancing weight 7 is consistent due to the installation requirement;
the excitation mechanism is used for providing excitation force with different frequencies to excite the counterweight block 7, and comprises a force sensor flange 8, a force sensor 9, an excitation rod 10, a vibration exciter 11 mounting seat and a vibration exciter 11 mounting seat supporting block, wherein the force sensor flange 8 is mounted at the other end of the counterweight block 7, one end of the force sensor 9 is connected with a force sensor 9 mounting flange, the other end of the force sensor 9 is connected with one end of the excitation rod 10, the other end of the excitation rod 10 is connected with a vibration exciter connecting seat 12, the vibration exciter connecting seat 12 is fixed on a vibration exciter connecting seat supporting block 13, and the bottom of the vibration exciter connecting seat supporting block 13 is fixed on the bottom plate 1; when the balancing weight 7 is installed, the centers of the hinge installation seat 3, the balancing weight 7 and the vibration exciter 11 installation seat are on the same horizontal plane;
the air floatation mechanism comprises an air floatation cushion 18, an air floatation platform 19, a piston rod 17, a piston 22, an air cylinder upper end cover 16, an air cylinder lower end cover 21, an air cylinder wall 20, a limiting rod 15 and an air floatation mechanism base 14, wherein the air floatation mechanism base 14 is installed on the bottom plate 1, the limiting rod 15 is installed on the air floatation mechanism base 14, and the limiting rod 15 is provided with a plurality of upper parts which are uniformly arranged around the edge of the balancing weight 7; the air floatation device comprises a piston rod 17, a piston 22, an upper end cover 16 of the air cylinder, a lower end cover 21 of the air cylinder and a cylinder wall 20, wherein the piston rod 17, the piston 22, the upper end cover 16 of the air cylinder, the lower end cover 21 of the air cylinder and the cylinder wall 20 form a constant force air cylinder for providing constant force, the upper end cover 16 of the air cylinder and the lower end cover 21 of the air cylinder are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder wall 20, the piston 22 is arranged in the cylinder wall 20, the lower end of the piston rod 17 penetrates through the upper end cover 16 of the air cylinder and then is connected with the piston 22, the upper end of the piston rod 17 is connected with an air floatation platform 19, at least three air floatation cushions 18 are arranged, and the air floatation cushions 18 are uniformly arranged on the air floatation platform 19; the lower end of a piston 22 in the cylinder wall 20 is a first air inlet cavity, the upper end of the piston 22 in the cylinder wall 20 is an air release cavity, the cylinder wall 20 is provided with a first air inlet hole 23 and a first pressure release hole 25, the first air inlet hole 23 is communicated with the first air inlet cavity in the cylinder wall 20, the first pressure release hole 25 is communicated with the air release cavity in the cylinder wall 20, the first air inlet hole 23 is connected with a large air storage tank through an air inlet pipeline, an air pressure sensor and a pressure regulating valve are arranged on the air inlet pipeline, and air in the large air storage tank enters the first air inlet cavity in the cylinder wall 20 through the first air inlet hole 23 from the air inlet pipeline; the piston rod 17 is arranged in a hollow mode, a second air inlet 26 and a second pressure relief hole 27 are formed in the piston rod 17, a second air inlet cavity is formed in the piston 22 and is communicated with the first air inlet cavity through an orifice 24, the second air inlet 26 is connected with the second pressure relief hole 27 and the hollow cavity in the piston rod 17, the hollow cavity is communicated with the second air inlet cavity through the second air inlet 26, the second pressure relief hole 27 is formed in the portion, extending out of the cylinder wall 20, of the piston rod 17, and the hollow cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the second pressure relief hole 27; the bottom of the air floatation platform 19 is provided with an air floatation air inlet cavity which is communicated with the hollow cavity of the piston rod 17, and meanwhile, the air floatation air inlet cavity is connected with an air floatation cushion 18 through a pipeline arranged inside the air floatation platform 19 and supplies air for the air floatation cushion 18 on the air floatation platform 19.
The air floatation mechanism has the function of providing a constant force, the force can enable the interaction force between the hinge and the light rigid rod to be zero, the hinge is enabled to be in the condition of simulating a weightless environment, secondly, the air floatation mechanism enables the bottom surface of the balancing weight to be provided with a layer of tiny air film, the air film enables the balancing weight to be in the condition of simulating the weightless environment, and the dynamic stiffness test is facilitated due to the fact that the influence of friction force does not exist. The limiting rod 15 is mounted on the air floatation mechanism base, and the limiting rod is used for preventing the balancing weight from moving to a large extent and leaving the air floatation platform in the vibration excitation process;
two measured hinges 5 are installed on the right side of the driving adapter plate 4, the left and right sides of each measured hinge 5 are guaranteed not to be subjected to the supporting force of the driving adapter plate 4 during installation, and then the measured hinges 5 are not subjected to the supporting force provided by the upper surface and the lower surface of the driving adapter plate 4 through the constant force provided by the air cylinders, so that the purpose of simulating a weightless environment is achieved.
The rigidity of the hinge 5 to be measured, the light rigid rod 6 and the balancing weight 7 is the same.
The excitation mechanism provides excitation force with different frequencies to excite the balancing weight 7.
The air cylinder is characterized in that the piston rod 17, the piston 22, the upper end cover and the lower end cover of the air cylinder and the air cylinder wall 20 are installed to form the air cylinder providing constant force, meanwhile, the air cylinder also supplies air for an air floatation cushion to achieve the purpose of eliminating air pipe disturbance, a first air inlet hole 23 and a first pressure relief hole 25 are formed in the air cylinder wall, the pressure relief hole is connected with the outside, therefore, air pressure in a pressure relief cavity is atmospheric pressure, the outside of the first air inlet hole is connected with an air pressure sensor, a pressure regulating valve and a large air storage tank, air enters the air cylinder from the first air inlet hole, the air pressure value can be measured through the air pressure sensor, the area of the piston is certain, so that the output force can be kept constant through a calculation formula as long as the air inlet pressure is kept constant, and the air inlet pressure can be regulated through the pressure regulating valve. However, the displacement of the piston may cause a volume change, thereby causing a pressure transient, so that the first air inlet hole is connected with the large air storage tank through the air pipe, which is equivalent to increasing the volume of the first air inlet cavity, and the effect of the volume change caused by the movement of the piston is negligible. Throttle holes 24 are distributed at the bottom and the periphery of the piston, and gas in the first air inlet cavity passes through the throttle holes to form a layer of gas film between the piston and the cylinder wall, so that the friction force of the piston during movement is reduced. There are the second inlet port 26 and the second hole 27 of loosing heart on the piston rod, and the well cavity on second inlet port 26 and second pressure release hole 27, piston rod 17 is connected, and well cavity and second air inlet chamber intercommunication are inhaled to the second inlet port 26, second pressure release hole 27 sets up the part that stretches out cylinder wall 20 at piston rod 17, and well cavity and external atmosphere intercommunication are inhaled with second pressure release hole 27 to the gas, and gas passes through in following the piston rod, enters into through second pressure release hole the air cavity of air supporting platform, enters into the air supporting pad through the venthole of the air supporting intracavity of air supporting platform at last the air supporting pad with form the small air film of one deck between the balancing weight, the gravity of compensation balancing weight.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.
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| CN113942666A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-18 | 华中科技大学 | Near-zero rigidity supporting device for zero-gravity environment simulation |
| CN113942667A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of micro-low gravity environment simulation method and device |
| CN113942666B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-10-20 | 华中科技大学 | Near-zero stiffness supporting device for zero gravity environment simulation |
| CN113942667B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2024-02-09 | 华中科技大学 | A micro-low gravity environment simulation method and device |
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