CN113560535B - Vehicle-mounted radiator shell and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted radiator shell and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113560535B CN113560535B CN202110862665.3A CN202110862665A CN113560535B CN 113560535 B CN113560535 B CN 113560535B CN 202110862665 A CN202110862665 A CN 202110862665A CN 113560535 B CN113560535 B CN 113560535B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150038956 cup-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0063—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product finned exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20845—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for automotive electronic casings
- H05K7/20854—Heat transfer by conduction from internal heat source to heat radiating structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20845—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for automotive electronic casings
- H05K7/20872—Liquid coolant without phase change
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted radiator shell and a manufacturing method thereof, and the vehicle-mounted radiator shell is characterized by comprising a die-casting shell part, wherein a plurality of radiating teeth distributed at intervals are arranged on the outer side of the die-casting shell part, a concave cavity is arranged on the inner side of the die-casting shell part, a copper pipe is arranged at the bottom of the concave cavity, a refrigerant is arranged in the copper pipe, two ends of the copper pipe are embedded and cast on the die-casting shell part through pure aluminum blocks, and the manufacturing method of the vehicle-mounted radiator shell is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a copper pipe, preparing a positioning pure aluminum block, selecting raw materials, smelting and refining, filling a mold, semi-solid pulping, and die casting. The beneficial effects of the invention include: the prepared radiator shell has the advantages of good heat conductivity, high air tightness, low cost and high efficiency, particularly, the semi-solid pulping process needs less energy consumption and less equipment investment, the prepared slurry has no oxide inclusion, uniform tissue, refined crystal grains, high spheroidization rate and controlled temperature of each stage, and simultaneously, the thought and the method are provided for the novel semi-solid pulping technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiator shell manufacturing, in particular to a vehicle-mounted radiator shell and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Along with the popularization and promotion of the 5G communication technology, the new energy automobile automatic driving technology is rapidly developed, an automatic driving core module is an intelligent network connection module, an automobile-mounted radiator shell is one of core parts of the intelligent network connection module, the function of the radiator shell is to provide a substrate for mounting and fixing electronic components in the module, and the function of the radiator shell is to radiate heat generated in the module;
in addition, the traditional radiator shell produced by liquid die casting has high filling speed during die casting, high aluminum liquid temperature, short service life of a die, low internal compactness of the produced die casting, low thermal conductivity, large shrinkage during solidification of the casting produced by high temperature, large deformation of the produced casting and difficulty in directly meeting the installation requirement, which limit the production of high-performance radiator parts, and the semi-solid state between solid and liquid has low filling speed, stable flow state, no filling wrapping, high internal compactness, good heat conduction effect, small shrinkage during solidification and small deformation of the product, so the radiator shell is widely applied to the production and manufacture of high-performance radiating parts in the communication and automobile fields;
in addition, the materials adopted by the traditional liquid die casting need to be multi-alloy materials, the more alloy elements are needed for the high-heat-conductivity product, the poorer the heat conductivity is, and the semi-solid die casting alloy is just opposite to the high-heat-conductivity product, and the materials with low silicon and low alloy content are adopted, so that the heat conductivity of the produced product is just improved;
the core of semi-solid die casting is to prepare qualified semi-solid slurry, and the traditional semi-solid slurry preparation methods have various modes, such as stirring, blowing, mechanical vibration, and serpentine channel passing, and the modes have respective advantages and disadvantages, for example, the semi-solid slurry prepared by the traditional serpentine channel has the disadvantages that the slurry temperature is not controlled, the semi-solid slurry has coarse grains, the solid fraction is low, and the semi-solid slurry required for producing high-performance parts cannot be prepared due to the two factors.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a vehicle-mounted radiator shell, which enables a die-casting product to have good heat conductivity and a die-casting die to have long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) preparing a solution,
s1, preparing a copper pipe, vacuumizing the copper pipe, filling refrigerant liquid in the copper pipe, flattening the copper pipe and sealing the copper pipe, and then performing laser welding to remove the sealing;
s2, preparing positioning pure aluminum blocks, selecting two pure aluminum blocks according to a preset shape and size, and sleeving the two pure aluminum blocks at two ends of the copper pipe prepared in the S1;
s3, selecting raw materials, namely selecting a semisolid high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy, wherein the semisolid high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:6 to 8.5 percent; cu: less than or equal to 0.03 percent; fe: less than or equal to 0.2 percent; ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent; mn:0.3 to 0.6 percent; mg: less than or equal to 0.03 percent; zn: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; pb is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; sn is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the total amount of other impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance is aluminum;
s4, smelting and refining, namely, proportioning and weighing the aluminum ingots of the components in the step S3 and foundry returns of the components according to a weight ratio of more than or equal to 6, heating and melting, adding an aluminum sodium-free slagging agent accounting for 0.2-0.3% of the total weight of the aluminum liquid when the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 750-780 ℃, blowing nitrogen into a smelting furnace for 3-5Min, standing for 8-10Min, sampling and carrying out spectral analysis, adjusting the content of each component until the components are qualified, reducing the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 710-760 ℃ for effluent refining, degassing in a transfer ladle by using a rotary degassing machine, introducing nitrogen into the transfer ladle, wherein the nitrogen flow is 15-30L/Min, the pressure of the nitrogen is reduced by 0.4-0.6MPa, and the degassing time is 6Min, carrying out the air content, the slag content and the temperature detection, and transferring the aluminum liquid into the furnace after the aluminum liquid is qualified according to the technical requirement that the K value is less than 0.1, the density equivalent is less than 4%, and the temperature is 670 +/-10%;
s5, filling a mold, namely filling the copper pipe and the pure aluminum block obtained in the step S2 into a corresponding positioning groove in the prefabricated mold, and closing the mold;
s6, semi-solid pulping, wherein a serpentine channel is obliquely arranged above a feeding port of a melting cup, aluminum liquid spooning materials of the heat preservation furnace in the step S4 are poured into an inlet at the upper part of the serpentine channel by using a ceramic filtering spoon, 4-6 arc-shaped bends are arranged in the serpentine channel, a rotating rod extending into the serpentine channel is arranged at the convex position of each arc-shaped bend, an aluminum sleeve containing an aluminum liquid grain refining agent is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the aluminum liquid flows through the serpentine channel to be cooled and spheroidized to obtain semi-solid slurry and naturally flows into the melting cup;
s7, injecting, pressurizing, solidifying and cooling, opening the die, taking out the part, and removing the sprue slag bag to obtain the vehicle-mounted radiator shell product.
Further, in step S6, before the scooping material is poured into the inlet of the upper portion of the serpentine channel, high purity nitrogen gas is blown into the serpentine channel by using a lance.
Further, the cross section of the serpentine channel is a regular hexagon, and the serpentine channel is arranged above the melting cup pouring port at an inclined angle of 30-60 degrees.
Furthermore, the sectional area of bull stick is according to its mounted position from last to reducing in proper order, the wall thickness of aluminium cover is along with corresponding the sectional area of bull stick also reduces in proper order.
Furthermore, a group of linear cooling channels are respectively arranged on two sides of the serpentine channel.
Furthermore, a thermocouple extending into the snake-shaped channel is arranged below each rotating rod and used for detecting the temperature of the aluminum liquid at the current position.
Furthermore, point cooling water is communicated with the center of each rotating rod and is connected with a point cooling controller, and the point cooling controller can adjust the flow and the flow rate of the point cooling water according to the temperature fed back by the thermocouple.
The invention also aims to provide a vehicle-mounted radiator shell, which is characterized in that: including die-casting casing portion, the die-casting casing portion outside has a plurality of interval distribution's heat dissipation tooth, die-casting casing portion inboard has the cavity, and is in the inside copper pipe that is provided with of cavity bottom base plate, the refrigerant has in the copper pipe, the casting is inlayed through pure aluminium pig at the both ends of copper pipe on the die-casting casing portion.
Furthermore, the joint surface of the pure aluminum block and the die-casting shell part is provided with a sawtooth structure.
The beneficial effects of the invention include: the high heat conduction characteristics of the copper pipe, the refrigerant preparation, the pure aluminum, the low-alloy-component aluminum material and the semi-solid state die casting are fully combined, the prepared radiator shell has the advantages of good heat conductivity, high air tightness, low cost and high efficiency, particularly, the semi-solid state pulping process needs less energy consumption and less equipment investment, the prepared slurry has no oxide inclusion, uniform tissue, refined crystal grains, high spheroidization rate and controlled temperature in each stage, contributes to the intelligence of the development of new-energy intelligent internet automobiles, and provides ideas and methods for a new semi-solid state pulping technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle radiator housing according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of manufacture of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a die casting mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a process diagram of semi-solid pulping in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the serpentine channel of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a serpentine channel of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the turn bar of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing semi-solid pulping in accordance with the present invention with conventional pulping techniques.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
An intelligent internet automobile vehicle-mounted radiator shell as shown in figures 1-7 comprises two pure aluminum blocks 3 embedded in a product substrate and a special-shaped copper pipe 2 filled with a refrigerant, wherein the outer side of the radiator shell 1 is provided with radiating teeth, the tooth height is 50mm, the tooth width is 1mm, a drawing die is 0.5 degrees, the tooth distance is 8mm, and the inner side of the radiator shell comprises a plurality of radiating bosses and bolt mounting holes; two pure aluminum blocks are distributed at the position where the heat source of the radiator shell is concentrated, and are positioned at two ends of the copper heat pipe, the copper heat pipe is embedded in the die for die casting and positioned and fixed, the front surface of the copper heat pipe is a smooth surface with certain roughness, and the back surface of the copper heat pipe is a surface with a sawtooth structure, so that the combination area of aluminum liquid and the aluminum blocks during semi-solid state die casting is increased, and the combination compactness is increased. The copper heat pipe is made of red copper, the diameter of the heat pipe is 6mm, the wall thickness of the heat pipe is 0.5mm, a refrigerant is arranged in the heat pipe, the surface of the heat pipe is passivated, and the heat pipe penetrates through the heat source concentrated part of the radiator box body. The structural design combines three materials with strong heat conduction capability, namely pure aluminum, copper and a refrigerant, and the cost and the working procedure can be saved by embedding the copper pipe with the refrigerant liquid into the matrix; the pre-buried mode has guaranteed that the coolant liquid does not have the risk of revealing.
The processing technology comprises the following steps of,
s1, preparing a copper pipe, vacuumizing the copper pipe, canning a refrigerant liquid, flattening and sealing, and performing laser welding and removing the seal;
s2, preparing a positioning pure aluminum block, machining the front side into a shape and a size meeting the installation requirements of components, machining saw teeth on the back side to increase the binding force with die-casting aluminum liquid, drilling a positioning hole at the tail of an installation copper pipe head, and sleeving the pure aluminum block at two ends of a copper pipe;
s3, selecting raw materials, namely selecting raw material alloy for smelting, and mixing the following materials: selecting a semi-solid high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy, wherein the weight percentage of each component is as follows: si:6 to 8.5 percent; cu: less than or equal to 0.03 percent; fe: less than or equal to 0.2 percent; ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent; mn:0.3 to 0.6 percent; mg: less than or equal to 0.03 percent; zn: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; pb is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; sn is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the total amount of other impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance is aluminum;
s4, smelting/refining: aluminum ingots purchased according to the components and recycled returns of the components are prepared according to the following weight proportions: 6, proportioning and weighing at a ratio of 4 or more, heating and melting, adding 0.2-0.3% of an aluminum sodium-free slagging agent when the temperature of aluminum liquid reaches 750-780 ℃, blowing nitrogen into a smelting furnace for 3-5Min, standing for 8-10Min, sampling, performing spectral analysis, reducing the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 710-760 ℃ for effluent refining, degassing by using a rotary degasser in a transfer ladle, introducing nitrogen into the transfer ladle, wherein the nitrogen flow is 15-30L/Min, the pressure of the reduced nitrogen is 0.4-0.6Mpa, the degassing time is 6Min, and after the degassing is completed, carrying out gas content, slag content and temperature detection, wherein the K value is required to be less than 0.1, the density equivalent is less than 4%, the temperature is 670 +/-10 ℃, and transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace if the detection is qualified;
s5, filling a mold, namely putting the combination of the copper heat pipe and the pure aluminum block into a corresponding positioning groove in the mold, and closing the mold;
S6semi-solid pulping, wherein a serpentine channel 5 is obliquely arranged above a charging hole of a melting cup 4, the inner section of the serpentine channel 5 is a regular hexagon with the diameter of 60mm, the height of the serpentine channel is 1-1.2m, the inclination angle is 30-60 degrees, the number of inner arc-shaped bends is 4-6, the serpentine channel is made of metal, two groups of linear cooling 6 are communicated with two sides of the inner channel, and corresponding rotating rods 7 are arranged at the protruding positions of the arc-shaped bends; the section size of the rotating rod 7 is sequentially
The section sizes of the rotating rods 7 in the direction from the upper soup feeding port to the lower soup outlet port are sequentially reduced, a thermocouple 8 for measuring temperature is arranged below each rotating rod 7, the temperature of alloy flowing through the rotating rod can be measured in time, the rotating speed of the rotating rods 7 is convenient to feed back and control, the pouring port of the channel is matched with the pouring design of a soup ladle, and the discharging port is matched with the pouring port of a die-casting melting cup to be designed into a horn shape;
taking material soup with the temperature in the heat-preserving furnace being 645 +/-10 ℃, adopting a ceramic filtering soup ladle 9 shown in figure 4, scooping the material through a scooping port on the back side of the soup ladle, transferring the material to a semi-solid snake-shaped channel material pouring port after the scooping is finished, adopting a spray gun to blow high-purity nitrogen, replacing and removing air in the channel, and maximally removing the probability of aluminum liquid oxidation; pouring the molten aluminum into a serpentine channel with cooling and grain refining functions, wherein the molten aluminum flows into a first rotating rod 7 along the serpentine channel, the molten aluminum is subjected to first cooling and grain refining treatment at the first rotating rod, the cooling is performed by virtue of point cooling 10 in the rotating rod, the point cooling is connected with a point cooling controller, the flow rate of cooling water can be adjusted according to the temperature of each point, the low temperature of the outer side of the rotating rod is kept, the grain refining is performed by virtue of an aluminum sleeve 11 containing a grain refining agent of the molten aluminum at the position of a channel on the rotating rod rotating at a certain rotating speed, the molten aluminum enters the next section of channel after being treated by the first rotating rod 7, flows through a first thermocouple 8, and the temperature at the moment is detected;
the aluminum liquid flows into the second rotating rod along the serpentine channel, the aluminum liquid is subjected to secondary cooling and fine grain treatment at the second rotating rod 7, the aluminum liquid enters the next section of channel after being treated by the second rotating rod 7, and flows through the second thermocouple 8, and the temperature at the moment is detected;
the aluminum liquid flows into the third rotating rod 7 along the snake-shaped channel, the aluminum liquid is subjected to third cooling and fine grain treatment at the third rotating rod 7, the aluminum liquid enters the next section of channel after being treated by the third rotating rod 7, flows through the thermocouple 8 and is detected to have the temperature;
the aluminum liquid flows into the fourth rotating rod 7 along the snake-shaped channel, the aluminum liquid is subjected to fourth cooling and fine grain treatment at the fourth rotating rod 7, the aluminum liquid enters the next section of channel after being treated by the fourth rotating rod 7, flows through the thermocouple 8 and is detected to have the temperature;
the aluminum liquid flowing through the discharge port is solid-liquid two-phase alloy liquid and is suitable for rheological semi-solid die casting;
the sectional area of the rotating rod 7 of the first rotating rod to the fourth rotating rod is reduced in sequence, and the temperature of the molten aluminum is reduced after the molten aluminum is subjected to primary treatment and flows, so that the solid phase rate is increased, and the fluidity is poor.
The aluminum sleeve 11 containing the aluminum liquid fine crystal agent needs to be prepared in advance, the components of the aluminum sleeve 11 are pure aluminum, 1.5 percent of modifier Al-Si-Sr is added, the thickness of the aluminum sleeve is designed according to different tonnages, the wall thickness of the aluminum sleeve 11 containing the aluminum liquid fine crystal agent is 10mm,8mm,6mm and 4mm in sequence, the using frequency is 30-40 times, the rotating speed is 100-200rpm, the pouring temperature is 635-655 ℃, the temperature of the aluminum liquid at a fourth thermocouple 8 after passing through a channel is 600 +/-8 ℃, the solid content is 55 percent, and the grain size is 70 mu m, when the temperature is higher than 610 ℃, the slurry quality is poor, and the aluminum sleeve needs to be replaced, or the cooling water flow is insufficient, or the rotating speed is abnormal; when the temperature is lower than 590 ℃, the slurry loses fluidity, which indicates that the cooling water flow is too large and the flow needs to be reduced or the rotating speed is abnormal;
the temperature of the slurry is reduced to 10-20 ℃ every time the slurry passes through one rotating rod curve;
in addition, an intelligent control system can be developed according to a test result, the temperature of the feeding liquid, the rotating speed of the first rotating rod 7 and the cooling flow of a first point can be intelligently adjusted in time according to the measurement result of the temperature measured by the fourth thermocouple, the rotating speed of the second rotating rod and the cooling flow of an internal point can be adjusted according to the temperature measured by the first thermocouple, the rotating speed of the third rotating rod and the cooling flow of the internal point can be adjusted according to the temperature measured by the second thermocouple, the rotating speed of the fourth rotating rod and the cooling flow of the point can be controlled according to the temperature measured by the third thermocouple, and real-time intelligent control can be realized;
the rotating speed of the rotating rod, the wall thickness of the aluminum sleeve containing the aluminum liquid fine-grained agent and the cooling water flow are obtained through a plurality of tests.
S7, after semi-solid slurrying, the aluminum liquid naturally flows into a melting cup for die casting: the thickness of an inner sprue of the die-casting die is 6mm, a fan-shaped pouring gate is adopted, the diameter of a punch is 60mm, the filling speed is 5-15m/s, the temperature of the die is 180-230 ℃, the casting pressure is 70Mpa, the cooling time is 5s, the die is opened after die-casting cooling, a part is taken, and a sprue slag bag is removed, so that a corresponding product is obtained.
The semi-solid pulping device is suitable for preparing aluminum-based alloy and semi-solid metal of magnesium-based alloy, zinc-based alloy, copper-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy and iron-based alloy.
In conclusion, the semi-solid pulping of the invention also has the following advantages:
a: the rotary stirring device is added, the rotating rod is provided with point cooling, the channel is provided with line cooling, the channel part on the rotating rod is provided with a fine-grained aluminum sleeve, the prepared slurry grains can be refined, the tissue is uniform, the spheroidization rate is high, the slurry pulping effect is better than that of directly pulping by using the serpentine channel, the cost is lower than that of a manner of shaking the serpentine channel, the implementation is easy, and the energy consumption is low;
the mode that the pulping effect is good is known at present to be that electromagnetic stirring is carried out in a soup ladle, cooling is conducted on a stirring rod, and an aluminum block is installed on the stirring rod, but the process has the defects that oxidation generated by stirring in air is serious, and the temperature is low after stirring is finished, so that slurry is not easy to pour into a melting cup;
b: the thermocouples are arranged at a plurality of positions, so that the temperature change in the slurry treatment process can be accurately mastered in real time, the process is monitored, relevant process parameters can be adjusted in real time according to results, the optimization is realized, and the slurry quality is ensured;
and c, the device is directly arranged above the melting cup, the device is simple, the investment cost is low, the contact with other pulping processes is less than that of aluminum liquid air, and the oxidation is low.
d, the heat conductivity of the vehicle-mounted radiator shell prepared by the process reaches 190W/m.K, and the heat conductivity of a local heat source concentration position reaches 210W/m.K.
Through contrast experiments, compared with the traditional pulping technology (soup ladle electromagnetic stirring semi-solid pulping), the solid pulping technology of the invention has the technical progress shown in figure 8.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) preparing a solution,
s1, preparing a copper pipe, vacuumizing the copper pipe, filling refrigerant liquid in the copper pipe, flattening and sealing, and then performing laser welding and removing the seal;
s2, preparing positioning pure aluminum blocks, selecting two pure aluminum blocks according to a preset shape and size, and sleeving the two pure aluminum blocks at two ends of the copper pipe prepared in the S1;
s3, selecting raw materials, namely selecting a semisolid high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy, wherein the semisolid high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: si:6 to 8.5 percent; cu: less than or equal to 0.03 percent; fe: less than or equal to 0.2 percent; ti: less than or equal to 0.15 percent; mn:0.3 to 0.6 percent; mg: less than or equal to 0.03 percent; zn: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; pb is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; sn is less than or equal to 0.05 percent; the total amount of other impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and the balance is aluminum;
s4, smelting and refining, namely, proportioning and weighing the aluminum ingots and foundry returns of the components in the step S3 according to a weight ratio of more than or equal to 6, heating and melting, adding an aluminum sodium-free slagging agent accounting for 0.2-0.3% of the total weight of the aluminum liquid when the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 750-780 ℃, blowing nitrogen into a smelting furnace for 3-5Min, standing for 8-10Min, sampling and carrying out spectral analysis, adjusting the content of each component until the component is qualified, reducing the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 710-760 ℃ for effluent refining, degassing in a transfer ladle by using a rotary degasser, introducing nitrogen into the transfer ladle, wherein the nitrogen flow is 15-30L/Min, the reduced pressure of the nitrogen is 0.4-0.6, and the degassing time is 6Min, carrying out the air content, the slag content and the temperature detection, and transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace after the aluminum liquid is qualified according to the K-mould detection technology requirement that the K value is less than 0.1, the density equivalent is less than 4%, and the temperature is 670 +/-10 MPa;
s5, filling a mold, namely filling the copper pipe and the pure aluminum block obtained in the step S2 into a corresponding positioning groove in the prefabricated mold, and closing the mold;
s6, semi-solid pulping, wherein a serpentine channel is obliquely arranged above a feeding port of a melting cup, aluminum liquid spooning materials of the heat preservation furnace in the step S4 are poured into an inlet at the upper part of the serpentine channel by using a ceramic filtering spoon, 4-6 arc-shaped bends are arranged in the serpentine channel, a rotating rod extending into the serpentine channel is arranged at the convex position of each arc-shaped bend, an aluminum sleeve containing an aluminum liquid grain refining agent is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the aluminum liquid flows through the serpentine channel to be cooled and spheroidized to obtain semi-solid slurry and naturally flows into the melting cup;
s7, injecting, pressurizing, solidifying and cooling, opening the die, taking out the part, and removing the sprue slag bag to obtain the vehicle-mounted radiator shell product.
2. The manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator case according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S6, before the scooped materials are poured into the inlet at the upper part of the serpentine channel, high-purity nitrogen is blown into the serpentine channel by a spray gun.
3. The manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator case according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the serpentine channel is regular hexagon, and the serpentine channel is arranged above the melting cup material pouring port at an inclination angle of 30-60 degrees.
4. The manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator case according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sectional area of the rotating rod is sequentially reduced from top to bottom according to the installation position of the rotating rod, and the wall thickness of the aluminum sleeve is also sequentially reduced along with the sectional area corresponding to the rotating rod.
5. The manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator case according to claim 1, characterized in that: and two sides of the serpentine channel are respectively provided with a group of linear cooling channels.
6. The manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator case according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a thermocouple extending into the snake-shaped channel is arranged below each rotating rod and used for detecting the temperature of the aluminum liquid at the current position.
7. The manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted radiator case according to claim 6, characterized in that: the center of each rotating rod is communicated with point cooling water, the point cooling water is connected with a point cooling controller, and the point cooling controller can adjust the flow and the flow rate of the point cooling water according to the temperature fed back by the thermocouple.
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Effective date of registration: 20230417 Address after: 409012 No.1, No.1, No.2, Tian'an Road, Banan District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing Guangcheng mould Co.,Ltd. Address before: 409012 No.1, No.1, No.2, Tian'an Road, Banan District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing merican Technology Co.,Ltd. |