CN113541692A - Integrating circuit and source-test module - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种积分电路，包括运算放大器、积分电容和积分电阻模块。所述运算放大器的同相输入端用于接地；所述积分电容的一端与所述运算放大器的反相输入端连接，所述积分电容的另一端与所述运算放大器的输出端连接；所述积分电阻模块的一端与所述运算放大器的反相输入端连接，所述积分电阻模块的另一端用于与输入信号端连接，所述积分电阻模块的电阻阻值可变。通过改变积分电阻模块的电阻值来改变积分电路的积分时间，积分电容不需要切换，始终将积分电流转换为积分电压，电容两端的电压不会突变。在改变积分电阻模块阻值的过程中，即使出现异常的积分电流，上述异常的积分电流也会通过积分电容平滑的转换为积分电压，不会导致输出电压突变。
The present application relates to an integrating circuit, including an operational amplifier, an integrating capacitor and an integrating resistor module. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is used for grounding; one end of the integrating capacitor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the integrating capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier; the integrating capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier. One end of the resistance module is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the integrating resistance module is connected to the input signal end, and the resistance value of the integrating resistance module is variable. The integration time of the integration circuit is changed by changing the resistance value of the integration resistance module, the integration capacitor does not need to be switched, the integration current is always converted into the integration voltage, and the voltage across the capacitor will not change abruptly. In the process of changing the resistance value of the integral resistor module, even if an abnormal integral current occurs, the above abnormal integral current will be smoothly converted into an integral voltage through the integral capacitor, which will not cause a sudden change in the output voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electronic devices, and more particularly, to an integrating circuit and a source measurement module.
Background
In a general integration circuit, an operational amplifier is used as a basis. The integrating circuit is connected with a constant value resistor and a capacitor. However, in the actual use process, the integration time of the integration circuit is often required to be adjusted to adapt to different application situations.
In the conventional technology, the integration time is adjusted by adjusting an integration capacitor. When the capacitance value of the integrating capacitor is adjusted, the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor cannot suddenly change, so that the voltage sudden change phenomenon occurs at the output end of the integrating circuit in the process of charging and discharging the capacitor or redistributing the charge of the capacitor. Abrupt voltage changes can degrade the performance of the overall circuit or cause the circuit to be at risk for use.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide an integration circuit and a source test module for the problem that sudden voltage changes may reduce the performance of the whole circuit or cause the circuit to have a use risk.
The application provides an integrating circuit, including:
the operational amplifier comprises a non-inverting input end, an inverting input end and an output end, wherein the non-inverting input end is used for grounding;
one end of the integrating capacitor is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the integrating capacitor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier;
and one end of the integrating resistance module is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the integrating resistance module is used for being connected with the input signal end, and the resistance value of the integrating resistance module is variable.
In one embodiment, the integrating resistor module includes a plurality of resistors and a plurality of selection switches, the plurality of resistors are connected in series with the plurality of selection switches in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of series circuits, one end of each of the plurality of series circuits is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of each of the plurality of series circuits is used for being connected to the input signal terminal. In each of the series circuits, a first terminal of one of the resistors is connected to an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. A second terminal of one of the resistors is connected to a first terminal of one of the selection switches. A second terminal of one of the selection switches is for connection to the input signal terminal.
In one embodiment, the integrating resistor module comprises a digital potentiometer, and the input signal terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected with the digital potentiometer, and the digital potentiometer is used for changing the resistance value of the resistor connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.
In one embodiment, the digital potentiometer comprises a first terminal, a second terminal and a sliding terminal, wherein the first terminal is used for being connected with the input signal terminal, and the second terminal and the sliding terminal are respectively connected with the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. The digital potentiometer can adjust a large range and a plurality of integration time, the integration circuit does not need to be connected with a plurality of elements, the circuit is simple, and the digital potentiometer is controlled through a digital signal, so that the operation is simple and convenient.
In one embodiment, the integrating resistor module includes a current-mode digital-to-analog converter, and the input signal terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter is configured to convert an input voltage into a current according to different proportions.
In one embodiment, the current-mode digital-to-analog converter includes a reference voltage pin, a current output pin and a resistance feedback pin, the reference voltage pin is used for being connected with the signal input end, the current output pin is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the resistance feedback pin is in a floating state.
In one embodiment, the integration circuit comprises a voltage clamping device, one end of the voltage clamping device is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the voltage clamping device is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the voltage clamping device has a voltage limiting function and is used for limiting the voltage flowing into the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter and protecting the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter from normal operation.
In one embodiment, the voltage clamping device comprises a first diode and a second diode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode and then connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the anode of the second diode and then connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.
In one embodiment, the voltage clamping device includes a first zener diode and a second zener diode, wherein an anode of the first zener diode is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, a cathode of the first zener diode is connected to a cathode of the second zener diode, and an anode of the second zener diode is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.
A source module comprises the integration circuit.
The integration circuit of this application embodiment, the resistance value through changing the integration resistance module changes integration circuit's integration time, and the integration electric capacity need not switch, converts the integral current into the integral voltage all the time, and the voltage at electric capacity both ends can not the sudden change. In the process of changing the resistance value of the integrating resistance module, even if abnormal integrating current occurs, the abnormal integrating current can be smoothly converted into integrating voltage through the integrating capacitor, and sudden change of output voltage cannot be caused.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a diagram of an integration circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the current-mode digital-to-analog converter comprises an integrating circuit 10, an operational amplifier 100, an integrating capacitor 200, an integrating resistor module 300, a series circuit 310, a resistor 311, a selection switch 312, a first end 301 of a digital potentiometer, a second end 302 of the digital potentiometer, a sliding end 303 of the digital potentiometer, a reference voltage pin 304 of the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, a current output pin 305 of the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, a resistor feedback pin 306 of the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, a voltage clamping device 400, a first diode 410, a second diode 420, a first voltage stabilizing diode 430 and a second voltage stabilizing diode 440.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below by way of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present application.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The present application provides an integrating circuit 10. The integration circuit 10 includes an operational amplifier 100, an integration capacitor 200, and an integration resistance module 300. The operational amplifier 100 includes a non-inverting input terminal for grounding, an inverting input terminal, and an output terminal.
Referring to fig. 1, one end of the integrating capacitor 200 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100, the other end of the integrating capacitor 200 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 100, the output terminal of the operational amplifier 100 is the output terminal of the integrating circuit 10, and the integrating capacitor 200 is used for converting the integrated current into the integrated voltage. One end of the integrating resistor module 300 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100, the other end of the integrating resistor module 300 is used for being connected to the input signal terminal, and the resistance value of the integrating resistor module 300 is variable.
In one embodiment, after the integration circuit 10 is turned on, the current formed by the input voltage on the integration resistor charges the integration capacitor. The integration time is used for describing the speed of voltage change between two ends of the integration capacitor under a certain input voltage. The integration time is therefore related to the integration capacitance, the integration current. The integral current is output after voltage is applied to two ends of the integral resistor, so that the integral current of the integral circuit 10 is in inverse proportion to the integral resistor. Therefore, by changing the capacitance of the integrating capacitor and the resistance of the integrating resistor, the integration time of the integrating circuit 10 can be changed.
In one embodiment, the output of the integrating circuit 10 outputs an integrated voltage of:
wherein R is a resistance value of an integrating resistor of the integrating circuit 10, C is a capacitance value of an integrating capacitor of the integrating circuit 10, vIIs the input voltage, v, of the integrating circuit 10oRC is an integration time constant for the integration voltage of the integration circuit 10.
In the conventional technique, the integration time is changed by changing the capacitance value of the integration capacitance. The integration circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors, a plurality of selection switches and a resistor. The plurality of capacitors and the plurality of selection switches are connected in series in a one-to-one correspondence mode to form a plurality of series circuits. One end of each of the plurality of series circuits is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of each of the plurality of series circuits is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier. In each series circuit, the first terminal of one of the capacitors is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. A second terminal of one of the capacitors is connected to a first terminal of one of the selection switches. A second terminal of one of the selection switches is connected to an output terminal of the operational amplifier. The first end of the resistor is used for being connected with the input signal end, and the second end of the resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier. In the integration circuit, the purpose of changing the capacitance value of the integration capacitor can be achieved by switching the selection switches of the plurality of series circuits. When the integrating capacitor of the integrating circuit is switched, the process of charging and discharging the capacitor or redistributing the capacitor requires time because the voltage at two ends of the capacitor cannot change suddenly. Causing the voltage at the output of the integrating circuit to no longer follow an integral relationship with the input voltage, producing an abrupt change. For example, when the input voltage is zero, a switch of one integration capacitor 1 is in a conducting state, the capacitance value of the integration capacitor 1 is C, and the voltage at two ends is v; and the switch of the other integration capacitor 2 is in an off state, the capacitance value of the integration capacitor 2 is C, and the voltage at two ends is 0. When the switch of the integrating capacitor 2 is turned on, the output voltage of the integrating circuit is instantly changed from v to v/2, and the output end of the integrating circuit has a voltage jump phenomenon.
In one embodiment, the integration circuit 10 varies the integration time by varying the resistance value of the integrating resistance module 300. The integrating capacitor 200 is connected in the integrating circuit 10, the integrating capacitor 200 converts the integrating current into the integrating voltage, for the abrupt integral current, the integrating capacitor 200 can smoothly convert the abrupt integral current into the integrating voltage, and the integrating circuit 10 provided by the application can not cause the abrupt voltage change in the process of changing the integrating time.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the integrating resistance module 300 includes a plurality of resistors 311 and a plurality of selection switches 312. The plurality of resistors 311 and the plurality of selection switches 312 are connected in series in a one-to-one correspondence to form a plurality of series circuits 310. One end of the plurality of series circuits 310 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100, and the other end of the plurality of series circuits 310 is used for being connected to the input signal terminal. In each of the series circuits 310, a first terminal of one of the resistors 311 is connected to an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100. A second terminal of one of the resistors 311 is connected to a first terminal of one of the selection switches 312. A second terminal of one of the selection switches 312 is adapted to be connected to the input signal terminal.
In the integration circuit 10, one or more selection switches 312 of the integration resistance module 300 may be controlled to be closed according to requirements, and the other selection switches 312 are opened, and the resistor 311 of the circuit 310 where the closed selection switch 312 is located is connected to the integration circuit 10. The integration circuit 10 is turned on, and the circuit 310 with the closed selection switch 312 generates an integration current, and the integration capacitor 200 converts the integration current into an integration voltage.
In one embodiment, the resistances of the plurality of resistors 311 are different. One of the selection switches 312 in the integrating resistor module 300 is closed, and the one resistor 311 is connected to the integrating circuit 10. When the integration resistance is changed, the closed selection switch 312 is opened, and an open selection switch 312 of the integration resistance module 300 is closed, and at this time, the resistance 311 connected to the integration circuit 10 is changed. The integrated current generated by the circuit 310 with the resistor 311 changes, and the integration time of the integration circuit 10 changes. The integrating capacitor 200 smoothly converts the abrupt integral current into the integral voltage, and the voltage abrupt change phenomenon cannot occur. The integration circuit 10 includes a plurality of resistors 311 and a plurality of selection switches 312, and the resistors 311 with different resistance values are connected to the integration circuit 10 through the selection switches, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the integration time.
In one embodiment, the resistance values of the resistors 311 may be arranged in an arithmetic progression to facilitate quickly accessing different resistance values in the integration circuit 10.
In another embodiment, the resistances of the resistors 311 are the same. One of the series circuits 310 in the integrating resistance module 300 is conductive. At this time, to change the integration resistance, one open selection switch 312 of the integration resistance module 300 may be closed, and two resistors 311 of the integration resistance module 300 may be connected in parallel. The integration resistance of the integration circuit 10 changes. The integration time of the integration circuit 10 varies. In this embodiment, the resistors 311 with the same resistance are connected in parallel through the selection switch 312 to generate parallel resistors with different resistances, and then the parallel resistors with different resistances are connected to the integration circuit 10, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the integration time.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the integrating resistance module 300 includes a digital potentiometer. The input signal terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to the digital potentiometer, and the digital potentiometer is used for changing the resistance value of the resistor connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100.
In one embodiment, the digital potentiometer includes a first end 301, a second end 302, and a sliding end 303. The first terminal 301 is used for connecting with an input signal terminal. The second terminal 302 and the third terminal 303 are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100. In the integrating circuit 10 shown in fig. 3, only different digital signals need to be input into the digital potentiometer for changing the integrating resistor, and the digital potentiometer changes the resistance value of the resistor connected to the integrating circuit 10 according to the digital signals, so as to change the integrating time of the integrating circuit 10. In this embodiment, a large range and a plurality of integration times can be adjusted by the digital potentiometer, the integration circuit 10 does not need to be connected with a plurality of elements, the circuit is simple, and the digital potentiometer is controlled by a digital signal, so that the operation is simple and convenient.
In one embodiment, the first terminal 301 and the third terminal 303 of the digital potentiometer are respectively configured to be connected to the input signal terminal, and the second terminal 302 of the digital potentiometer is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100.
In one embodiment, the first terminal 301 of the digital potentiometer is configured to be connected to the input signal terminal, the second terminal 302 of the digital potentiometer is in a floating state, and the third terminal 303 of the digital potentiometer is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100.
In one embodiment, the first terminal 301 of the digital potentiometer is in a floating state, the second terminal 302 of the digital potentiometer is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100, and the third terminal 303 of the digital potentiometer is used for being connected to the input signal terminal.
In one embodiment, the model of the digital potentiometer can be AD5121 or AD 5141.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the integrating resistance module 300 includes a current-mode digital-to-analog converter, and the input signal terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter is configured to convert an input voltage into a current according to different ratios.
In one embodiment, the current mode digital to analog converter includes a reference voltage pin 304, a current output pin 305, and a resistive feedback pin 306. The reference voltage pin 304 is used for connecting with an input signal terminal, the current output pin 305 is connected with an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100, and the resistance feedback pin 306 is in a floating state. The current-mode digital-to-analog converter controls the proportion of the input voltage converted into the integrated current according to the input digital signal. In one embodiment, the current mode digital to analog converter may be equivalent to a variable resistor. And inputting different digital signals to the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, wherein the current-mode digital-to-analog converter can control the input voltage to be converted into the integral current according to corresponding proportion according to the input different digital signals. The current output by the current-mode digital-to-analog converter is the integrated current of the integrating circuit 10. Therefore, the integration current of the integration circuit 10 changes, and the integration time of the integration circuit 10 also changes. The current-mode digital-to-analog converter has the advantages of high speed and high precision, so that the current-mode digital-to-analog converter has high response speed and high precision of the equivalent variable resistor in the integrating circuit 10.
In one embodiment, the current mode digital to analog converter may be of the type DAC8043 or DAC 8801.
Referring to fig. 5 or fig. 6, the integration circuit 10 further includes a voltage clamping device 400 based on the embodiment shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4. One end of the voltage clamp device 400 is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 100. The other end of the voltage clamp device 400 is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 100. The operating voltages of the digital potentiometer and the current mode digital to analog converter are smaller than the operating voltage of the operational amplifier 100. The ac voltage portion of the output voltage of the operational amplifier 100 can be transferred to the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter through the integrating capacitor 200. When the voltage transmitted to the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter through the integrating capacitor 200 is larger than the operating voltage of the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter, the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter cannot operate normally due to overvoltage. The voltage clamp device 400 has a voltage limiting function, and can limit the voltage flowing into the digital potentiometer and the current mode digital-to-analog converter within a certain range, so that the protection circuit can work normally.
In one embodiment, the voltage-clamping device 400 includes a first diode 410 and a second diode 420. The anode of the first diode 410 is connected to the cathode of the second diode 420 and then to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100. The cathode of the first diode 410 is connected to the anode of the second diode 420 and then to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 100. The clamping voltage of the first diode 410 and the second diode 420 are both 0.7V. The first diode 410 and the second diode 420 are connected in parallel in reverse directions. At this time, the two diodes connected in inverse parallel limit the voltage flowing into the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter to ± 0.7V. The first diode 410 and the second diode 420 can protect the digital potentiometer and the current mode digital-to-analog converter from operating within an operating voltage range and from damage due to overvoltage.
Referring to fig. 7 or 8, in one embodiment, the voltage clamping device 400 includes a first zener diode 430 and a second zener diode 440. The anode of the first zener diode 430 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100. The cathode of the first zener diode 430 is connected to the cathode of the second zener diode 440. The anode of the second zener diode 440 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 100. In one embodiment, the regulated voltages of the first zener diode 430 and the second zener diode 440 are both UZ. The first zener diode 440 and the second zener diode 440 are connected in series in an opposite direction to achieve a clamping effect. The first voltage stabilizing diode 430 and the second voltage stabilizing diode limit the voltage flowing into the digital potentiometer and the current type digital-to-analog converter to +/-UZ+ 0.7V). The first zener diode 430 and the second zener diode 440 can protect the digital potentiometer and the current-mode digital-to-analog converter from workingWithin the voltage range without damage due to overvoltage.
The present application provides a source module comprising the integrating circuit 10 described in any of the above embodiments.
In one embodiment, the source-side module is configured to provide a voltage or a current to a device under test and simultaneously detect an operating current or an operating voltage of the device under test. The source-side module may detect an operating current of the device under test when the source-side module provides a voltage to the device under test. The source-side module may detect an operating voltage of the device under test when the source-side module supplies current to the device under test. The source measurement module includes the integration circuit 10. The integration circuit 10 adjusts the integration time by adjusting the resistance value of the integrating resistance module 300. Therefore, the establishment time of the voltage output and the current output of the source testing module is adjusted to meet the testing requirements of different tested devices.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present patent. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117110692A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 武汉市聚芯微电子有限责任公司 | Current integrating circuit, photo-generated current reading circuit and chip |
| CN118413730A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-07-30 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Aperture driving circuit and camera |
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