CN113540498B - Fuel cell vehicle and fuel cell thermal management system thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell vehicle and fuel cell thermal management system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540498B CN113540498B CN202010294555.7A CN202010294555A CN113540498B CN 113540498 B CN113540498 B CN 113540498B CN 202010294555 A CN202010294555 A CN 202010294555A CN 113540498 B CN113540498 B CN 113540498B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005679 Peltier effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell vehicle and a fuel cell thermal management system thereof, wherein the system comprises a primary thermal management loop and a secondary thermal management loop with a thermostat, and two switches; wherein the secondary thermal management loop comprises: two node ends of the thermocouple formed by the P-type semiconductor element and the N-type semiconductor element are respectively connected with a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and a cooling liquid inlet far away from the cooling liquid inlet in a heat exchange manner; two switches are respectively disposed between the two electrodes of the fuel cell and the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements of the thermocouple to switch electrical connections between the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements and the two electrodes of the fuel cell. The scheme is assisted by a secondary heat management loop, and can effectively balance the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack by optimizing the fuel cell heat management system, so that the durability of the fuel cell stack can be relatively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicle control, in particular to a fuel cell vehicle and a fuel cell thermal management system thereof.
Background
Usually, the optimum operating temperature range of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is 60 ℃ to 80 ℃, most of the existing cooling modes of the fuel cell adopt a cooling liquid water cooling and water-air radiator mode, and a thermostat is used for realizing the specific conduction mode of a heat management loop of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, so that heat generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell is released. However, due to thermal inertia, the fuel cell bipolar plates near the coolant inlet are better cooled and the fuel cell bipolar plates away from the coolant inlet are less well cooled. The entire fuel cell stack cannot be subjected to the same uniform external temperature environment during the electrochemical reaction.
In view of the above, it is desirable to optimize the heat pipe technology of the existing fuel cell to overcome the above technical defects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fuel cell vehicle and a fuel cell thermal management system thereof, which can effectively balance the internal temperature of a fuel cell stack and relatively prolong the durability of the fuel cell stack by optimizing the fuel cell thermal management system.
The invention provides a fuel cell heat management system, which comprises a primary heat management loop and a secondary heat management loop with a thermostat, and two switches; wherein the secondary thermal management loop comprises: two node ends of the thermocouple formed by the P-type semiconductor element and the N-type semiconductor element are respectively connected with a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and a cooling liquid inlet far away from the cooling liquid inlet in a heat exchange manner; two switches are respectively disposed between the two electrodes of the fuel cell and the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements of the thermocouple to switch electrical connections between the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements and the two electrodes of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the two switches are two double throw switches, or the two switches are double pole double throw switches.
Preferably, the device further comprises a control unit and at least two temperature sensors, wherein the at least two temperature sensors are respectively used for acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet; the control unit is configured to output a switching control command to a switching operation end of the switch according to the temperature.
Preferably, the temperature control device further comprises a storage unit for storing a preset temperature difference threshold value; the control unit is configured to: and outputting the switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch by taking the condition that the temperature difference between the first temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the second temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet is greater than the temperature difference threshold value.
Preferably, the switching control instruction includes a first switching control instruction and a second switching control instruction, and the control unit is configured to: outputting a first switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch under the condition that the first temperature is higher than the second temperature to absorb heat far away from a cooling liquid inlet and heat the cooling liquid inlet; and outputting a second switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch by taking the second temperature as a judgment condition, so as to absorb heat at the inlet of the cooling liquid and heat the inlet far away from the cooling liquid.
Preferably, at least two of the temperature sensors are further configured to collect an internal temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the storage unit is further configured to store a preset cooling threshold range; the control unit is further configured to: and outputting a starting instruction for starting a water pump of the primary thermal management loop under the condition that the internal temperature is within the cooling threshold range.
Preferably, the control unit is further configured to: and outputting a large-cycle opening instruction for controlling a thermostat of the primary thermal management loop under the condition that the internal temperature is greater than the cooling threshold range.
Preferably, the control unit is further configured to: and outputting a shutdown instruction for closing the primary thermal management loop under the condition that the internal temperature is smaller than the cooling threshold range.
The invention also provides a fuel cell vehicle which comprises a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell adopts the fuel cell thermal management system.
Preferably, the fuel cell is a hydrogen fuel cell.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme is additionally provided with a heat management loop (secondary) based on the Peltier effect on the basis of a heat management loop (primary) with a thermostat, specifically, two node ends of a thermocouple of the secondary heat management loop are respectively in heat exchange connection with a cooling liquid inlet and a position far away from the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack, and switches are respectively arranged between two electrodes of the fuel cell and a P-type semiconductor element and an N-type semiconductor element of the thermocouple so as to switch the electric connection between the P-type semiconductor element and the two electrodes of the fuel cell. So set up, be aided with the second grade heat management return circuit, the coolant liquid entrance of adjustment fuel cell stack with keep away from the temperature of coolant liquid entrance, balanced fuel cell stack internal temperature on the whole, use this scheme to provide good technical guarantee for the durability of prolonging fuel cell stack relatively.
In the preferred scheme of the invention, temperature sensors are adopted for respectively acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet, and the control unit can output a switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch according to the adopted temperature; further preferably, a storage unit is used for storing a preset temperature difference threshold value, and the control unit is configured to: and outputting the switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch under the condition that the temperature difference between the first temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the second temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet is greater than the temperature difference threshold value. Therefore, the characteristic that the node end generates heat absorption or heat release can be fully utilized, and the temperature field in the fuel cell stack is well balanced, so that the balance of the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is ensured, and the fuel cell stack is basically in the same uniform external temperature environment for electrochemical reaction. In comparison, the preferred embodiment is significant in balancing the electrochemical reaction conditions of the fuel cell stack, solving the temperature imbalance of conventional fuel cell stack thermal management, and extending the durability of the fuel cell stack.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a secondary thermal management loop of a fuel cell thermal management system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a fuel cell thermal management system according to an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating operation of a fuel cell thermal management system according to an embodiment.
In the figure:
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The core of the fuel cell heat management system in the embodiment is that a secondary heat management loop is arranged on a heat management loop (primary) constructed based on the existing cooling mode of cooling liquid water cooling and water-air radiator. Without loss of generality, the primary thermal management loop can realize the specific conduction mode of the thermal management loop by utilizing elements such as a thermostat, a water pump and the like, so that heat generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell is released.
Referring also to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of the secondary thermal management loop is shown. As shown, the secondary thermal management loop includes: two node ends 11 and 12 of a thermocouple 10 consisting of a P-type semiconductor element and an N-type semiconductor element are respectively connected with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid inlet far away from the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack in a heat exchange way; here, the "heat exchange connection" refers to a connection relationship of heat transfer between the two based on a temperature difference.
The present embodiment employs two switches respectively disposed between two electrodes of the fuel cell 20 and the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements of the thermocouple 10 to switch electrical connections between the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements and the two electrodes of the fuel cell 20. During operation, the synchronous switching of the two switches suggests that the corresponding circuits are connected, and thus, one of the two node terminals 11, 12 is a heat sink terminal and the other is a heat sink terminal, such as but not limited to one of the operating states shown in the figure: node 11 is a cold end and node 12 is a hot end.
Preferably, the two switches are double-pole double-throw switches 30, switching operation is synchronously performed through one handle, and the structure is simple and reliable. Of course, two double-throw switches may be adopted as the two switches in this scheme, that is, a single-pole double-throw switch having a handle respectively, and in comparison, the P-type semiconductor element and the N-type semiconductor element in this scheme need to perform circuit switching simultaneously, so the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is adopted as the preferred scheme.
On the basis of a primary heat management loop with a thermostat, the temperature of a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet far away from the cooling liquid inlet are adjusted by the aid of a secondary heat management loop, so that the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is balanced integrally, and the durability of the fuel cell stack can be prolonged relatively.
Further, the two temperature sensors are respectively used for acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet, the first temperature sensor 41 is used for acquiring the temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet, and the second temperature sensor 42 is used for acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet. In this way, the control unit 50 can be used for precise control, and specifically, the control unit 50 can output a switching control command to the switching operation end of the switch 30 according to the adopted temperature, so as to switch the communication relationship between the P-type semiconductor element and the dc electrode and the communication relationship between the N-type semiconductor element and the dc electrode in real time. Referring also to fig. 2, a control block diagram of the fuel cell thermal management system according to the present embodiment is shown.
As shown in fig. 2, further comprises a storage unit 60 for storing a preset temperature difference threshold, and accordingly, the control unit 50 is configured to: and outputting a switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the double-pole double-throw switch 30 under the condition that the temperature difference between the first temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the second temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet is greater than the temperature difference threshold value. The characteristic that the node end can be fully utilized to generate heat absorption or heat release is utilized, and the temperature field in the fuel cell stack is better balanced, so that the balance of the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is ensured, and the fuel cell stack is basically in the same uniform external temperature environment for electrochemical reaction.
For example, but not limiting of, the temperature difference threshold is 5 ℃. When the temperature difference between a first temperature representing the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and a second temperature representing the temperature far away from the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is more than 5 ℃, corresponding switching control instructions can be respectively sent out: a first switching control instruction and a second switching control instruction, and accordingly, the control unit 50 is configured to: outputting a first switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the double-pole double-throw switch 30 under the condition that the first temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is greater than the second temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet to absorb the heat far away from the cooling liquid inlet and heat the cooling liquid inlet; and outputting a second switching control instruction to the switching operation end of the double-pole double-throw switch 30 to absorb the heat at the inlet of the cooling liquid and heat the inlet of the cooling liquid under the condition that the second temperature far away from the inlet of the cooling liquid is higher than the first temperature at the inlet of the cooling liquid.
In addition, a third temperature sensor 43 may be further employed to collect the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack, and store a preset cooling threshold range in the storage unit 60; accordingly, the control unit 50 is further configured to: and outputting a starting instruction for starting a water pump 71 of the primary heat management loop under the condition that the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack acquired by the third temperature sensor 43 is within the cooling threshold range, wherein the coolant of the primary heat management loop flows through a small circulation loop of the thermostat at the moment, and the fuel cell stack is cooled by the coolant in the primary heat management loop.
For example, but not limiting of, the cooling threshold range is 55 ℃ to 75 ℃. Specifically, the control unit 50 outputs a large circulation start instruction for controlling the thermostat 72 of the primary thermal management loop on the condition that the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the cooling threshold range, that is, greater than the maximum value 75 ℃ of the cooling threshold range, and cools the fuel cell stack by means of the radiator and the radiator fan in the primary thermal management loop. Here, the thermostat 72 is preferably a wax thermostat, in which when the cooling temperature is lower than a predetermined value, the fine paraffin in the thermostat temperature sensing body is in a solid state, the thermostat valve closes a passage between the engine and the radiator by the action of a spring, and the coolant returns to the engine through a water pump to perform a small circulation in the engine. When the temperature of the cooling liquid reaches a specified value, the paraffin begins to melt and gradually becomes liquid, the volume is increased along with the melting of the paraffin, and the rubber tube is pressed to shrink. When the rubber tube contracts, the rubber tube acts on the push rod with upward thrust, and the push rod pushes the valve downwards to open the valve. At this time, the cooling liquid flows back to the engine through the radiator and the thermostat valve and then through the water pump to perform large circulation.
Of course, the control unit 50 may also output a shutdown command for shutting down the primary thermal management loop if the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is less than the cooling threshold range, i.e., less than the minimum 55 ℃ of the cooling threshold range.
The specific control principle will be briefly described with reference to the operation flowchart of the fuel cell thermal management system shown in fig. 3.
(1) When the temperature inside the fuel cell stack reaches 55 ℃ but less than 75 ℃, the water pump 71 is started, and the cooling liquid flows through the small circulation loop of the thermostat, so that the fuel cell stack is cooled by the cooling liquid in the primary heat management loop. As the electrochemical reaction proceeds and the primary thermal management loop cools the stack, non-uniformities in the internal temperature of the stack may manifest themselves.
At this time, the uniformity of the temperature field inside the fuel cell stack is monitored by the first temperature sensor 41 and the second temperature sensor 42. When the temperature difference between the two is more than 5 ℃, the internal part of the fuel cell stack needs to be subjected to temperature equalizing operation through a secondary heat management loop. If the temperature of the first temperature sensor 41 is higher than that of the second temperature sensor 42, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is thrown to the side A to absorb the heat in the galvanic pile far away from the inlet of the cooling liquid and heat the air at the inlet of the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile; if the temperature of the first temperature sensor 41 is lower than that of the second temperature sensor 42, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is thrown to the side B, absorbs the heat at the cooling liquid inlet of the stack, and heats the air in the stack far away from the cooling liquid inlet. When the temperature difference between the two is less than 5 ℃, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is switched off.
(2) When the temperature inside the fuel cell stack reaches 75 ℃, the thermostat 72 opens a large cycle to cool the fuel cell stack by means of a radiator and a radiator fan in the primary thermal management loop. As the electrochemical reaction proceeds and the primary thermal management loop cools the stack, non-uniformities in the internal temperature of the stack may manifest themselves.
At this time, the uniformity of the temperature field inside the fuel cell stack is monitored by the first temperature sensor 41 and the second temperature sensor 42. When the temperature difference between the two is more than 5 ℃, the internal part of the fuel cell stack needs to be subjected to temperature equalizing operation through a secondary heat management loop. If the temperature of the first temperature sensor 41 is higher than that of the second temperature sensor 42, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is thrown to the side A to absorb the heat in the galvanic pile far away from the inlet of the cooling liquid and heat the air at the inlet of the galvanic pile cooling liquid; if the temperature of the first temperature sensor 41 is lower than that of the second temperature sensor 42, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is thrown to the side B to absorb the heat at the inlet of the cooling liquid of the stack and heat the air in the stack far away from the inlet of the cooling liquid. When the temperature difference between the two is less than 5 ℃, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is switched off.
(3) When the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is less than 55 ℃, the primary thermal management loop is closed.
At this time, the uniformity of the temperature field inside the fuel cell stack is monitored by the first temperature sensor 41 and the second temperature sensor 42. When the temperature difference between the two is more than 5 ℃, the temperature equalization operation needs to be carried out inside the fuel cell stack through a secondary thermal management loop. If the temperature of the first temperature sensor 41 is higher than that of the second temperature sensor 42, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is thrown to the side A to absorb the heat in the galvanic pile far away from the inlet of the cooling liquid and heat the air at the inlet of the cooling liquid of the galvanic pile; if the temperature of the first temperature sensor 41 is lower than that of the second temperature sensor 42, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is thrown to the side B, absorbs the heat at the cooling liquid inlet of the stack, and heats the air in the stack far away from the cooling liquid inlet. When the temperature difference between the two is less than 5 ℃, the double-pole double-throw switch 30 is switched off.
In addition to the foregoing fuel cell thermal management system, the present embodiment also provides a fuel cell vehicle, in which the fuel cell employs the fuel cell thermal management system as described above. Preferably, the fuel cell is a hydrogen fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1. Most of the fuel needed by the fuel cell can be derived from industrial by-product hydrogen, and the hydrogen is collected and used for generating power by the fuel cell. In the scheme, the direct current generated by the fuel cell is used for thermoelectric refrigeration of the fuel cell heat management system, and the relative uniformity of the internal temperature of the fuel cell is maintained on the basis. It should be noted that the specific functional implementation of the hydrogen fuel cell is not the core point of the present application, and those skilled in the art can implement the function based on the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted here.
It should be understood that the primary thermal management loop in the present embodiment is also not the core invention of the present application, and the specific implementation manner of the loop components such as the water pump 71, the thermostat 72 and the water-air radiator (not shown in the figure) does not substantially limit the technical solution claimed in the present application.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, which may include ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disk, etc.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and embellishments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and embellishments should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell thermal management system comprising a primary thermal management loop having a thermostat; the system is characterized by further comprising a secondary thermal management loop, wherein the secondary thermal management loop comprises:
two node ends of the thermocouple formed by the P-type semiconductor element and the N-type semiconductor element are respectively connected with a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and a cooling liquid inlet far away from the cooling liquid inlet in a heat exchange manner;
two switches respectively provided between two electrodes of the fuel cell and the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements of the thermocouple to switch electrical connections between the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements and the two electrodes of the fuel cell;
the temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet; the control unit is configured to output a switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch according to the temperature;
the temperature difference detection device also comprises a storage unit, a temperature detection unit and a control unit, wherein the storage unit is used for storing a preset temperature difference threshold value; the control unit is configured to: and outputting the switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch by taking the condition that the temperature difference between the first temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the second temperature far away from the cooling liquid inlet is greater than the temperature difference threshold value.
2. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, wherein two of the switches are two double throw switches or two of the switches are double pole double throw switches.
3. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the switching control instructions comprise a first switching control instruction and a second switching control instruction, the control unit configured to: outputting a first switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch under the condition that the first temperature is higher than the second temperature to absorb heat far away from a cooling liquid inlet and heat the cooling liquid inlet; and outputting a second switching control instruction to a switching operation end of the switch by taking the second temperature as a judgment condition, so as to absorb heat at the inlet of the cooling liquid and heat the inlet far away from the cooling liquid.
4. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 3, wherein at least two of the temperature sensors are further configured to collect an internal temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the memory unit is further configured to store a preset cooling threshold range; the control unit is further configured to: and outputting a starting instruction for starting a water pump of the primary thermal management loop under the condition that the internal temperature is within the cooling threshold range.
5. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the control unit is further configured to: and outputting a large-cycle opening instruction for controlling a thermostat of the primary thermal management loop under the condition that the internal temperature is greater than the cooling threshold range.
6. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the control unit is further configured to: and outputting a shutdown instruction for closing the primary thermal management loop under the condition that the internal temperature is smaller than the cooling threshold range.
7. A fuel cell vehicle comprising a fuel cell, characterized in that the fuel cell employs the fuel cell thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the fuel cell is a hydrogen fuel cell.
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| CN202010294555.7A CN113540498B (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Fuel cell vehicle and fuel cell thermal management system thereof |
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| CN202010294555.7A CN113540498B (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Fuel cell vehicle and fuel cell thermal management system thereof |
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