CN113513279A - A hydraulic elevator - Google Patents
A hydraulic elevator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113513279A CN113513279A CN202111013761.7A CN202111013761A CN113513279A CN 113513279 A CN113513279 A CN 113513279A CN 202111013761 A CN202111013761 A CN 202111013761A CN 113513279 A CN113513279 A CN 113513279A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
- E21B19/06—Elevators, i.e. rod- or tube-gripping devices
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Elevator Door Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种液压吊卡，包括本体、门体组件、连杆机构以及闭锁组件。门体组件与本体活动连接，闭锁组件与门体组件连接，将门体组件锁死。连杆机构包括第一连杆组件和第二连杆组件，第一连杆组件驱动门体组件抱合或者松开，第二连杆组件驱动闭锁组件闭合或者松开。第一连杆组件与第二连杆组件上下平行设置，且设置在本体和门体组件靠近液压吊卡外部的一侧。本发明显增加了液压吊卡抱合管柱时的力矩，以顺利地挤掉管柱表面的腐蚀层及结垢层，实现门体的顺利抱合。本发明还最大程度地将连杆机构设置在液压吊卡的外侧，能够尽可能地减少连杆机构承受的弯矩，减小变形的可能性，受钻具提升与下放载荷影响较小，结构更加稳定可靠。
The invention relates to a hydraulic elevator, comprising a main body, a door body assembly, a link mechanism and a locking assembly. The door body assembly is movably connected with the body, and the locking assembly is connected with the door body assembly to lock the door body assembly. The linkage mechanism includes a first linkage assembly and a second linkage assembly, the first linkage assembly drives the door body assembly to engage or release, and the second linkage assembly drives the locking assembly to close or release. The first connecting rod assembly and the second connecting rod assembly are arranged in parallel up and down, and are arranged on the side of the main body and the door assembly close to the outside of the hydraulic elevator. The present invention obviously increases the torque when the hydraulic elevators hug the pipe string, so as to smoothly squeeze out the corrosion layer and the scale layer on the surface of the pipe string, so as to realize the smooth hugging of the door body. The invention also arranges the connecting rod mechanism on the outer side of the hydraulic elevator to the greatest extent, which can reduce the bending moment of the connecting rod mechanism as much as possible, reduce the possibility of deformation, and is less affected by the lifting and lowering loads of the drilling tool. More stable and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling instruments, and particularly relates to a hydraulic elevator.
Background
The automation of petroleum drilling operation is a development trend of petroleum drilling machinery, and various hydraulic petroleum tools with high automation degree, such as hydraulic elevators, power drill pipe tongs, power casing tongs, iron roughneck, and the like, are increasingly widely applied.
Taking a hydraulic elevator as an example, in a drilling project, the hydraulic elevator is a necessary tool for hoisting pipes such as drill pipes, oil pipes and casings, and is suspended on a hoisting system so as to perform operations of hoisting or lowering drilling tools, oil pipes, casings and the like to a borehole. In the lifting and lowering processes of a wellhead drilling tool, the hydraulic elevator needs to bear all loads of the drilling tool, a joint of the drilling tool directly contacts with chemical slurry, corrosion, scaling and other phenomena are formed, the hydraulic elevator is blocked, and the phenomenon that the drilling tool is clasped and loosened is unsmooth. The chemical slurry not only pollutes pipes such as drilling tool joints and the like, so that the surface of the pipes is scaled, but also pollutes the hydraulic elevator, particularly, the surface of a core supplement of the hydraulic elevator is scaled, and the hydraulic elevator is further blocked.
The hydraulic elevator in the prior art generally comprises a body, a door opening and closing connecting rod mechanism, a mechanical lock mechanism and the like. The body of the hydraulic elevator is connected with the hoisting ring and used for lifting and lowering the drilling tool. The door opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is used for opening and closing the door of the hydraulic elevator, and the embracing and loosening of the drilling tool are realized. The mechanical lock mechanism adopts a contact lever principle, and can prevent the safety door from being loosened accidentally when the drilling tool is lifted and lowered, so that construction accidents are avoided.
The hydraulic elevator in the prior art has the following defects:
firstly, the size of the drill tool joint becomes large after long-time use, and scales are formed on the supplement core of the hydraulic elevator, so that the problem that the hydraulic elevator is difficult to open and close the door often occurs.
Secondly, in the lifting and descending processes of the existing hydraulic elevator after the pipes are clasped, the door opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is often deformed and fails, and the door opening and closing difficulty of the hydraulic elevator is also caused.
Therefore, a new hydraulic elevator which is more durable, more reliable in opening and closing the door, simple and convenient in field maintenance and simple in structure is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Through long-term research, the inventor finds that the size of the drill joint is increased because the drill joint is directly contacted with chemical slurry, and is corroded by the slurry, so that scale is formed on the surface. The deformation failure of the connecting rod mechanism is caused by the fact that the connecting rod mechanism can bear larger bending moment under the action of the self gravity of the pipe in the lifting and lowering processes after the pipe is clasped by the hydraulic elevator. On the basis, the invention provides a hydraulic elevator, aiming at solving the problems that in the prior art, after a drill tool joint and a bushing are corroded and scaled, a hydraulic elevator is difficult to open and close a door, and a connecting rod mechanism bears overlarge bending moment in the ascending and descending processes of the hydraulic elevator, is deformed and fails.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a hydraulic elevator comprises a body, a door body assembly, a connecting rod mechanism and a locking assembly;
the door body assembly is movably connected with the body; the locking assembly is connected with the door body assembly and locks the door body assembly;
the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first connecting rod assembly and a second connecting rod assembly, the first connecting rod assembly is connected with the door body assembly and drives the door body assembly to be clasped or loosened, and the second connecting rod assembly is connected with the locking assembly and drives the locking assembly to be closed or loosened;
the first connecting rod assembly and the second connecting rod assembly are arranged in parallel up and down;
the first connecting rod assembly and the second connecting rod assembly are arranged on one sides, close to the outside of the hydraulic elevator, of the body and the door body assembly.
The hydraulic elevator as described above, preferably, the first link assembly is disposed above the second link assembly.
The hydraulic elevator as described above, preferably, the first link assembly includes a first link, a first crank arm, a first hydraulic driving part, a second crank arm, and a second link;
one end of the first connecting rod is connected with the door body assembly, one end of the first crank arm is connected with one end of the first hydraulic driving part, the other end of the first crank arm is connected with the first connecting rod, one end of the second crank arm is connected with one end of the hydraulic driving part, and the other end of the second crank arm is connected with the door body assembly;
the second connecting rod mechanism comprises a second hydraulic driving part, a third crank arm, a third connecting rod, a rotating seat and a fourth connecting rod;
one end of the third crank arm is connected with one end of the second hydraulic driving part, the other end of the third crank arm is connected with one end of the third connecting rod, the other end of the third connecting rod is connected with the rotating seat, the other end of the rotating seat is connected with one end of the fourth connecting rod, and the other end of the fourth connecting rod is connected with the locking component.
The hydraulic elevator as described above, preferably, the first crank arm, the second crank arm, and the third crank arm are connected to the body;
the first hydraulic driving part and the second hydraulic driving part are double hydraulic oil cylinder assemblies;
the first hydraulic driving component is vertically parallel to the second hydraulic driving component, the second crank arm is vertically parallel to the third crank arm, and the second connecting rod is vertically parallel to the third connecting rod.
In the hydraulic elevator, the rotary seat and the fourth link are preferably located outside the door assembly.
According to the hydraulic elevator, preferably, the door body assembly comprises a left door and a right door, and the left door and the right door are respectively movably connected with the body;
the locking assembly comprises a safety door and a mechanical lock assembly, the safety door is movably connected with the left door, the mechanical lock assembly is connected with the right door, and the safety door is locked by the mechanical lock assembly.
The hydraulic elevator as described above preferably further comprises a complementary core, and the complementary core is connected to the body, the left door and the right door by fixing pins, respectively.
The hydraulic elevator as described above, preferably, the left door and the right door are movably connected to the body through a rotating pin respectively;
the safety door is movably connected with the left door through a rotating pin.
The hydraulic elevator as described above, preferably the mechanical lock mechanism comprises a floating ring and a drive pin;
the inner side of the floating ring is of a convex surface structure, and the outer side of the floating ring is clamped with the step hole of the right door;
the drive pin passes through the floating ring and makes line contact with the inner side of the floating ring.
The hydraulic elevator as described above, preferably, the mechanical lock mechanism further comprises a lever, a mechanical latch, and a spring;
the driving pin is rotatably connected with the lever, the mechanical spring is sleeved on the mechanical lock pin, and the bottom of the mechanical lock pin is in contact with the lever surface;
the driving pin is located below the complementary core, and when the complementary core bearing descends, the driving pin is driven to descend and drives the lever to rotate, the mechanical lock pin is popped out, and the mechanical lock pin limits and clamps the safety door.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the prior art, the connecting rod assembly for controlling the rotation of the door body assembly is arranged on the inner side of the connecting rod assembly for controlling the locking assembly, and the two groups of connecting rod assemblies are arranged on the inner side of the hydraulic elevator.
According to the invention, the connecting rod assemblies for controlling the door body assembly and the locking assembly are arranged to be vertically parallel, so that the force arm for opening and closing the door body assembly of the first connecting rod assembly is increased, namely, the moment when the hydraulic elevator embraces pipe columns such as drilling tool joints is increased. In addition, the connecting rod mechanism is arranged on one side close to the outside of the hydraulic elevator, so that the force arm of the connecting rod mechanism and the moment for opening and closing the door are further increased.
According to the invention, the torque when the hydraulic elevator embraces the tubular column is increased through the two aspects, so that the corrosion layer and the scale deposit layer on the tubular column surfaces such as a drilling tool joint and the like and the surface of the core supplement of the hydraulic elevator are squeezed smoothly, the smooth embracing of the door body assembly is realized, the hydraulic elevator is ensured to carry out the door opening and closing operation smoothly, and the problem of jamming of the hydraulic elevator is avoided.
In addition, the link mechanism is arranged on the outer side, the first link assembly of the control door body assembly and the second link assembly of the control locking assembly are arranged in a vertical parallel position relationship, the link mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic elevator to the greatest extent, the bending moment borne by the link mechanism can be reduced as much as possible, the link mechanism is prevented from deforming and failing due to overlarge pressure bearing, and the service life of the link mechanism can be prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic elevator of the present invention in an open state;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the hydraulic elevator of the present invention in an open position;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic elevator of the present invention in a closed state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the linkage assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a link mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the installation of the mechanical lock mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the mechanical lock mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a floating ring in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structural relationship diagram of the floating ring, drive pin and right door of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the construction of the hydraulic elevator in comparative example 1.
[ description of reference ]
1: a body; 2: a link mechanism; 3: a left door; 4: a safety door; 5: a mechanical lock mechanism; 6: a right door; 7: core supplementing; 8: rotating the pin;
9: a first set of links; 91: a first link; 92: a second link; 93: a third link; 10: a rotating base; 11: a fourth link; 12: a dual hydraulic cylinder assembly; 121: a first hydraulic cylinder; 122: a second hydraulic cylinder; 13: a first crank arm; 14: a second crank arm; 15: a third crank arm; 16: a connecting pin;
17: a drive pin; 18: a connecting pin; 19: a lever; 20: a lever pin; 21: a mechanical lock pin; 22: a spring; 23: a floating ring; 24: and (7) lifting lugs.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment provides a hydraulic elevator, which includes a body 1, a door assembly, a link mechanism 2, and a locking assembly. The door body assembly is movably connected with the body 1, and the locking assembly is connected with the door body assembly to lock the door body assembly.
The door body subassembly includes left door 3 and right door 6, and left door 3 and right door 6 respectively with body 1 swing joint. The locking assembly comprises a safety door 4 and a mechanical lock assembly 5, the safety door 4 is movably connected with the left door 3, the mechanical lock assembly 5 is connected with the right door 6, and the safety door 4 locks the left door 3 and the right door 6 through the mechanical lock assembly 5.
Specifically, left door 3 and right door 6 are respectively through changeing round pin 8 and body 1 swing joint, set up mechanical spacing on the body 1 for left door 3, right door 6 can be at the angle internal rotation of settlement, with the cohesion and the release that realize the drilling tool. Emergency exit 4 and 3 swing joint of left-hand door, it is spacing to set up machinery on the left-hand door 3 for emergency exit 4 can be at the angle internal rotation of setting for, and when emergency exit 4 was opened, tubular columns such as drilling tool can get into hydraulic pressure elevator space. The mechanical lock mechanism 5 is connected with the right door 6, and the safety door 4 locks the safety door 4 and the right door 6 through the mechanical lock mechanism 5. The link mechanism 2 is connected with the body 1, the left door 3, the right door 6 and the safety door 4, and is used for providing driving force for the left door 3, the right door 6 and the safety door 4 so as to enable the left door 3, the right door 6 and the safety door 4 to be clasped or loosened.
Referring to fig. 4 to 5, the link mechanism 2 includes a first link assembly and a second link assembly, and the first link assembly is connected to the left door 3 and the right door 6 to drive the left door 3 and the right door 6 to be locked or unlocked. The second connecting rod assembly is connected with the left door 3 and the safety door 4 and drives the safety door 4 to close or release.
In this embodiment, the first link assembly and the second link assembly are arranged in parallel. The first connecting rod assembly and the second connecting rod assembly are arranged on one sides of the body 1, the left door 3 and the right door 6, which are close to the outer part of the hydraulic elevator.
Further, the hydraulic elevator further comprises a complementary core 7, as shown in fig. 1-3, the complementary core 7 comprises 4 blocks, wherein 2 blocks are fixedly connected with the body 1 through fixing pins, 1 block is fixedly connected with the left door 3 through fixing pins, and the other block is fixedly connected with the right door 6 through fixing pins. The height of the lowermost end of the patch core 7 is higher than the height of the body 1, the left door 3 and the right door 6. In this embodiment, the bushing 7 can be provided with various diameter sizes so as to be selectively replaced according to different pipe column diameters.
The hydraulic elevator further comprises lifting lugs 24, the lifting lugs 24 being mounted on both sides of the body 1, and a control system passing through the lifting lugs to control the lifting, lowering and rotational movement of the hydraulic elevator.
In the prior art, the connecting rod assemblies for controlling the rotation of the left door and the right door are arranged on the inner sides of the connecting rod assemblies for controlling the safety door, and the two groups of connecting rod assemblies are arranged on the inner sides of the hydraulic elevators.
The connecting rod assembly for controlling the left door and the right door is arranged to be of a structure which is parallel up and down, the force arms for opening and closing the left door and the right door of the first connecting rod assembly are increased, and the moment when the hydraulic elevator embraces pipe columns such as a drilling tool joint is increased. In addition, this embodiment sets up link mechanism in the outside one side that is close to the hydraulic elevator, has further increased link mechanism's the arm of force and the moment of opening and shutting the door.
The embodiment increases the torque when the hydraulic elevator embraces the tubular column through the two aspects, so as to smoothly extrude the corrosion layer and the scale formation layer on the surfaces of the tubular columns such as a drilling tool joint and the like and the surface of the complementary core, realize the smooth embracing of the left door, the right door and the safety door, ensure that the hydraulic elevator smoothly carries out the door opening and closing operation, and avoid the problem of jamming of the hydraulic elevator.
In addition, in the embodiment, the link mechanism is arranged on the outer side, and the first link assembly for controlling the left door and the right door and the second link assembly for controlling the safety door are arranged in a vertically parallel position relationship, so that the link mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic elevator to the greatest extent, the bending moment borne by the link mechanism can be reduced as much as possible, the link mechanism is prevented from deforming and failing due to too heavy pressure bearing, and the service life of the link mechanism can be prolonged. Therefore, the potential deformation possibility of the link mechanism in the embodiment is reduced, the influence of the lifting and lowering loads of the drilling tool is less, and the structure is more stable and reliable.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 to 5, the first link assembly includes a first link 91, a first crank arm 13, a first hydraulic driving part, a second crank arm 14, and a second link 92. One end of the first connecting rod 91 is connected with the right door 6, one end of the first connecting lever 13 is connected with one end of the first hydraulic driving part, the other end is connected with the first connecting rod 91, one end of the second connecting lever 14 is connected with one end of the hydraulic driving part, and the other end is connected with the left door 3.
The second link assembly includes a second hydraulic driving part, a third crank arm 15, a third link 93, a swivel, and a fourth link 11. One end of the third crank arm 15 is connected with one end of the second hydraulic driving part, the other end is connected with one end of a third connecting rod 93, the other end of the third connecting rod 93 is connected with the rotating seat, the other end of the rotating seat is connected with one end of a fourth connecting rod 11, and the other end of the fourth connecting rod 11 is connected with the safety door 4.
The first crank arm 13, the second crank arm 14 and the third crank arm 15 are connected to the body 1, the first hydraulic driving component and the second hydraulic driving component are a dual hydraulic cylinder assembly 12, and specifically include a first hydraulic cylinder 121 and a second hydraulic cylinder 122. The first hydraulic driving part and the second hydraulic driving part are vertically parallel, the second crank arm 14 and the third crank arm 15 are vertically parallel, and the second connecting rod 92 and the third connecting rod 93 are vertically parallel. In this embodiment, the first link 91, the second link 92, and the third link 93 are identical in structure and size.
Preferably, the first crank arm 13 and the first link 91, the first hydraulic driving part and the second crank arm 14, the second hydraulic driving part and the third crank arm 15, the second crank arm 14 and the second link 92, the third crank arm 15 and the third link 93, the first link 91 and the right door 6 of the hydraulic elevator, and the second link 92 and the left door 3 of the hydraulic elevator are all connected through the connecting pin 16.
The first link 91, the second link 92 and the third link 93 pass through square holes cast on the left and right sides of the body 1, and hydraulic power is transmitted to the left door 3 and the right door 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the first crank arm 13, the second crank arm 14, and the third crank arm 15 are fixed to the main body 1 by the pivot pin 8 so as to be rotatable, and the swivel base 10 is connected to the inside of the groove of the left door 3 by the pivot pin 8.
Preferably, the rotary seat 10 and the fourth link 11 are located outside the left door 3. In the link mechanism 2 in this embodiment, except that the first link 91, the second link 92, and the third link 93 pass through the square holes cast on the left and right sides of the body 1, all the other transmission components are disposed outside the body 1, the left door 3, and the right door 6, and are easy to detach and maintain. When disassembly and maintenance are needed, disassembly of the various components in the linkage mechanism 2 can be achieved by removing the pivot pin 8 and the connecting pin 16.
Preferably, referring to fig. 6-7, the mechanical lock mechanism 5 includes a floating ring 23 and a drive pin 17. Referring to fig. 8, the inner side of the floating ring 23 is a convex structure, and the outer side of the floating ring 23 is clamped with the step hole of the right door 6, specifically, is in interference fit with the step hole. The drive pin 17 passes through the floating ring 23, making line contact with the inner side of the floating ring 23.
This embodiment sets up the floating ring between the step hole of seting up on drive pin and right door, the step hole joint of seting up on the outside of this floating ring and the right door, the drive pin passes the floating ring, be non-contact relation with the step hole of right door, even if chemical mud and mechanical lock mechanism contact on the drilling tool like this, also can flow out from the gap between step hole and the drive pin, can not lead to the drive pin to block up in the step hole, consequently, can effectively avoid mechanical lock structure card to die, make mechanical lock mechanism have comparatively permanent safety protection. In addition, this embodiment still sets up the inboard of floating ring into convex surface structure for the drive pin is the line contact relation with the inboard of floating ring, and the drive pin can carry out certain angle's rotation relatively to the floating ring inboard that has convex surface structure, has further avoided chemical mud to block up the drive pin in the step hole, makes mechanical lock mechanism's life longer.
Preferably, the mechanical lock mechanism 5 further comprises a lever 19, a mechanical lock pin 21 and a spring 22. The driving pin 17 is rotatably connected with the lever 19, the mechanical spring 22 is sleeved on the mechanical lock pin 21, the bottom of the mechanical lock pin 21 is in surface contact with the lever 19, and the two slide relatively to each other. The line contact structure of the drive pin 17 and the floating ring 23 is effective to overcome the horizontal displacement caused by the rotation of the lever 19 when the lever 19 is rotated. The driving pin 17 is positioned below the complementary core 7, when the complementary core 7 bears the weight and descends, the driving pin 17 is driven to descend and drives the lever 19 to rotate, the mechanical lock pin 21 is ejected, and the mechanical lock pin 21 limits and clamps the safety door 4.
Preferably, the gap between the driving pin 17 and the stepped hole is 2-4mm so that the chemical grout having fluidity smoothly flows out. The drive pin 17 has an upper end diameter smaller than a lower end diameter and a lower end diameter larger than a diameter of the floating ring 23 to limit a stroke of the drive pin 17.
Preferably, the lever 19 is rotatably connected to the right door 6 by a lever pin 20, the lever pin 20 being perpendicular to the lever 19. The drive pin 17 is rotatably connected to a lever 19 via a connecting pin 18. The upper end surface of the driving pin 17 is arc-shaped, and the upper end surface of the driving pin 17 is in point contact with the bushing 7, so that the possibility of chemical slurry blockage is reduced.
Preferably, the mechanical locking pin 21 passes through a mechanical locking pin hole on the right door 6, perpendicular to the right door 6. The bottom diameter of the mechanical lock pin 21 is larger than the diameter of the mechanical lock pin hole, so that the mechanical lock pin 21 is prevented from being ejected out of the right door. The diameter of the spring 22 is larger than the diameter of the mechanical lock pin 21.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a method of using the hydraulic elevator of embodiment 1. Referring to fig. 1-2, in the standby state of the hydraulic elevator, the left door 3, the right door 6 and the safety door 4 are all in an open state, waiting for a drilling tool to enter the hydraulic elevator.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, once the drilling tool enters the hydraulic elevator, i.e. the hydraulic system of the hydraulic elevator is triggered, the dual hydraulic cylinder assemblies 12 in the link mechanism 2 push the first and second crank arms 13 and 14 to rotate, the first and second crank arms 13 and 14 push the first and second links 91 and 92 to extend, respectively, and the first and second links 91 and 92 push the left and right doors 3 and 6 to start to close due to the connection between the first and second links 91 and 92 and the left and right doors 3 and 6, respectively.
After the left door 3 and the right door 6 are closed in place, the double-hydraulic-cylinder assembly 12 pushes the third crank arm 15 to rotate, the third crank arm 15 pushes the third connecting rod 93 to extend out, the third connecting rod 93 pushes the rotating seat 10 to rotate, the rotating seat 10 pushes the fourth connecting rod 11 to extend out, and the fourth connecting rod 11 pushes the safety door 4 to begin to close. After the hydraulic elevator closed the door and accomplished, when promoting and transferring the drilling tool, emergency exit 4 and right door 6 carried out the lock through mechanical lock mechanism 5 to prevent that the maloperation from opening the hydraulic elevator, take place danger.
Referring to fig. 3, 6 and 7, when the drilling tool is lifted and lowered, the drilling tool drives the bushing 7 to move downwards by self weight, the bushing 7 pushes the driving pin 17 to move downwards, the driving pin 17 pushes the lever 19 to rotate, and the lever 19 pushes the mechanical lock pin 21 to move upwards against the spring force of the spring 22 to lock the safety door. The action principle of opening the door and unlocking the door is opposite to that of the door, and the detailed description is omitted.
In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 91, the second connecting rod 92, the left door 3 and the right door 6 are connected to the outer sides of the main structure of the left door 3 and the right door 6, the third connecting rod 23 is connected to the rotary seat 10 and is also connected to the outer side of the main structure of the hydraulic elevator, the first connecting rod 91, the second connecting rod 92 and the third connecting rod 93 pass through square holes cast on the left and right sides of the body 1 to provide hydraulic power for the left door 3 and the right door 6, and the second connecting rod 92 for closing the left door 3 and the third connecting rod for closing the safety door 4 are arranged up and down, so that the force arm for closing the door is large, and under the condition of the same hydraulic power, the door-closing torque is large and is several times of that of the existing hydraulic elevator, and under the conditions of corrosion and scaling caused by chemical slurry, the door-closing torque of the elevator can squeeze the corrosion layer and the scaling layer, thereby realizing smooth cohesion between the left door and the right door.
In the link mechanism 2 of the present embodiment, except that the first link 91, the second link 92, and the third link 93 pass through the square holes cast on the left and right sides of the body 1, the other transmission components are all outside the body 1, the left door 3, and the right door 6, and are easy to detach and maintain.
When rising and transferring the drilling tool, the atress of hydraulic elevator belongs to the simply supported beam, and in this simply supported beam, the potential deformation of the middle part of hydraulic elevator is great, and link mechanism 2 of this embodiment is because arranging near the hydraulic elevator main structure outside, and the potential deformation is little, and it is less with transferring the load influence by the drilling tool promotion, more reliable and more stable.
The driving pin 17 and the lever 19 of the embodiment are connected through the connecting pin 18, the section of the inner ring of the floating ring 23 is an arc curve, so that the driving pin 17 and the floating ring 23 are in line contact, and when the lever 19 rotates, the horizontal displacement caused by the rotation of the lever 19 is effectively overcome by the line contact structure. Meanwhile, the driving pin 17 and the right door 6 adopt a non-contact large-gap structure, so that the door still can effectively work even if being corroded and scaled by chemical slurry, the spring 22 cannot reset, and the running safety of equipment can be ensured.
Comparative example 1
Referring to fig. 10, the present comparative example provides a hydraulic elevator including a body, a left door, a right door, a safety door, and a link mechanism.
According to fig. 10, the link assemblies controlling the rotation of the left and right doors in the present comparative example are disposed inside the link assembly controlling the safety door, and both the link assemblies are disposed at positions inside the hydraulic elevator. Specifically, the links controlling the left and right doors and the safety door are located in the same plane and parallel to each other. The connecting rod assemblies for controlling the left door and the right door are arranged at positions close to the inner part of the hydraulic elevator, particularly close to the bushing, and although the connecting rod assemblies for controlling the safety door are arranged at the outer sides of the connecting rod assemblies for controlling the left door and the right door, the positions of the connecting rod assemblies are still relatively close to the inner side of the hydraulic elevator.
The link mechanism in the comparison example has the defects that the moment for opening and closing the door, particularly for closing the door, of the hydraulic elevator is small, and if corrosion and scaling occur to a drill tool joint, equipment is blocked and difficult to embrace. In addition, the hydraulic elevator can bear hundreds of tons of column pressure in the lifting and descending processes, and the connecting rod mechanism in the comparative example is relatively close to the inner side of the hydraulic elevator, so that more bending moments can be easily borne, and the problem of deformation failure can be caused.
Regarding the above-described problems of the link mechanism in the present comparative example, the following two ways are generally considered to be solved: one is to increase the drive force of the hydraulic drive assembly, but existing hydraulic drive assemblies are mature and the torque that can be increased is limited. Another is to increase the size of the hydraulic elevator so that the moment arm of the linkage mechanism is increased. However, the size of the hydraulic elevator is generally fixed, and thus the size of the hydraulic elevator cannot be directly enlarged.
The hydraulic elevator in embodiment 1 sets the connecting rod assemblies for controlling the left door and the right door to be vertically parallel, so that the force arms for opening and closing the left door and the right door of the first connecting rod assembly are increased, and the moment when the hydraulic elevator embraces pipe columns such as a drilling tool joint is increased. In addition, the embodiment 1 also arranges the link mechanism at one side close to the outside of the hydraulic elevator, thereby further increasing the moment arm of the link mechanism and the moment of opening and closing the door. In the embodiment 1, the torque generated when the hydraulic elevator embraces the tubular column is increased through the two aspects, so that the corrosion layer and the scale formation layer on the surfaces of the tubular column such as a drill tool joint and the like and the surface of the bushing are squeezed smoothly, smooth embracing of the left door, the right door and the safety door is realized, the hydraulic elevator can be ensured to carry out door opening and closing operation smoothly, and the problem of blockage of the hydraulic elevator is avoided.
In addition, researches show that the stress type of the hydraulic elevator belongs to a simply supported beam in the process of lifting and lowering the drilling tool. The stress characteristic of the simply supported beam is that the closer to the middle part of the hydraulic elevator, the larger the bending moment born, and the larger the potential deformation. And the bending moment experienced by the components relatively far from the centre of the hydraulic elevator is relatively small. Therefore, in embodiment 1, the link mechanism is disposed at the outer side of the hydraulic elevator, and the first link assembly for controlling the left and right doors and the second link assembly for controlling the safety door are further disposed in a vertically parallel positional relationship, so that the link mechanism is disposed at the outer side of the hydraulic elevator to the maximum extent, and the bending moment borne by the link mechanism can be reduced as much as possible, and therefore, the potential deformation possibility of the link mechanism of the hydraulic elevator in embodiment 1 is reduced, the influence of the lifting and lowering load of the drilling tool is small, and the structure is more stable and reliable.
The hydraulic elevator solves the problems that the existing hydraulic elevator is difficult to embrace under the conditions of slurry corrosion and scaling, a door opening and closing connecting rod mechanism is easy to deform when the hydraulic elevator bears the weight, the door opening and closing mechanism is difficult to maintain, and a mechanical lock mechanism is easy to lose efficacy under the conditions of slurry corrosion and scaling. The device is reliable, durable and easy to maintain, and the maintenance time of the device can be greatly reduced. The corrosion layer and the scaling layer can be squeezed off by means of the self door opening and closing torque under the condition that the equipment is corroded and scaled by chemical slurry, and reliable door opening and closing operation is achieved. The mechanical lock driving structure with floating line contact can still work effectively even under the condition of being corroded and scaled by chemical slurry. Thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the drilling operation. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design principle, high equipment reliability, capability of effectively solving the influence of the use environment of the equipment on the equipment, reduction of equipment maintenance time and cost, improvement of petroleum operation safety and the like.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various changes and modifications within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116044325A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-02 | 北京捷杰西石油设备有限公司 | Hydraulic elevator load signal processing method |
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