CN113507176B - A rotor multi-slot induction excitation hybrid excitation motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotor multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation motor. The stator armature winding is placed in the stator slot, and the rotor DC excitation winding is placed in the rotor slot. The rotor yoke windings are placed in the slots, and additional rotor slots are provided on each rotor pole. One end of the additional rotor slots is connected to the corresponding rotor yoke slot, and the other end extends to the edge of the rotor pole shoe. A permanent magnet is set on the rotor core. The rotor yoke The winding is connected to the rotor DC field winding through a rotating rectifier. The brushless slip ring of the present invention can realize the brushless excitation of the hybrid excitation motor without adding an additional exciter, and can realize wide-range adjustment of the output voltage.

Description

A rotor multi-slot induction excitation hybrid excitation motor

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of brushless excitation motors, in particular to a hybrid excitation motor.

Background technique

For the rotor magnetic pole motor, how to realize the power supply of the rotor DC excitation winding is a difficult point in the design of this kind of motor. Brushless excitation is very important for special occasions such as aerospace, oil refining and mining. If the brush slip ring is still used to supply power to the DC excitation winding of the rotor, its safety cannot be guaranteed. For this reason, it is necessary to study the brushless of this kind of motor.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems mentioned above in the background technology, the present invention proposes a rotor multi-slot induction excitation hybrid excitation motor.

In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A rotor multi-slot induction excitation hybrid excitation motor, the stator armature winding is placed in the stator slot, the rotor DC excitation winding is placed in the rotor slot, a number of rotor yoke slots are evenly opened in the yoke of the rotor core, and the rotor is placed in the rotor yoke slot Yoke winding, each rotor pole body is provided with additional rotor slots, one end of the rotor additional slots is connected to the corresponding rotor yoke slot, and the other end extends to the edge of the rotor pole shoe, a permanent magnet is set on the rotor core, and the rotor yoke winding passes through the rotary rectifier Connected to the rotor DC field winding.

Further, slots are formed on the rotor pole body between the adjacent rotor slots and the additional rotor slots, and the rotor pole body windings are placed in the slots.

Further, rotor pole shoe slots are provided at the rotor pole shoes, and the rotor pole shoe windings are placed in the rotor pole shoe slots; the rotor pole shoe windings and the rotor yoke windings are connected in the following three ways:

Mode 1: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are connected in series with the rotating rectifier;

Mode 2: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected to the rotating rectifier;

Method 3: After the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected to the rotating rectifier, they are connected in parallel at both ends of the rotor DC excitation winding.

Further, a tangential flux permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor core, and the tangential flux permanent magnet is arranged at a position between each rotor slot and the edge of the rotor pole shoe, and the faces of the adjacent tangential flux permanent magnets are opposite to each other. same polarity.

Further, radial flux permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor core, and the radial flux permanent magnets are arranged on the surface of the rotor pole shoe.

Further, at least one radial flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe. When only one radial flux permanent magnet is arranged on each rotor pole shoe surface, the polarity of adjacent radial flux permanent magnets Different; when the number of radial flux permanent magnets on the surface of each rotor pole piece is greater than 1, the polarity of the radial flux permanent magnets on the same rotor pole piece surface is the same, and the radial flux permanent magnets on the adjacent rotor pole piece Flux permanent magnets differ in polarity.

Further, the radial flux permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the surface of the rotor pole shoes, that is, only one of the two adjacent rotor pole shoes is provided with a radial flux permanent magnet, and all the radial flux permanent magnets The polarity is the same, when the polarity of the rotor DC excitation winding is S pole, then the polarity of the radial flux permanent magnet is N pole, or when the polarity of the rotor DC excitation winding is N pole, then the radial flux permanent magnet The polarity is S pole.

Further, the radial flux permanent magnets and the rotor DC field winding are all arranged on the same rotor pole, or the radial flux permanent magnets and the rotor DC field winding are all arranged on different rotor poles.

Further, the stator field winding is also arranged in the stator slot.

Further, an isolation slot is provided on each rotor pole body, a magnetic bridge is provided at one end of the isolation slot near the air gap, and the other end communicates with the additional slot of the rotor.

The beneficial effect brought by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme:

The invention saves the necessary slip ring and electric brush for the excitation of the brushed motor, and realizes the brushless excitation of the rotor excitation electric excitation motor; it saves the auxiliary exciter and the exciter that need to be added in the three-stage brushless synchronous motor Two motors reduce the volume of the motor. The invention not only ensures that the placement of the permanent magnets cannot hinder the magnetic circuit of the stator excitation magnetic field or the harmonic magnetic field, but also ensures that the stator excitation magnetic field can be connected with the winding turns of the rotor yoke through a suitable magnetic path to realize brushless excitation. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet of the present invention can be superimposed on the rotor excitation magnetic field in the air gap to realize the controllability of the air gap magnetic field. Compared with the scheme that the excitation winding is arranged on the stator, the present invention arranges the excitation winding on the rotor, so that the excitation efficiency is higher.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the motor stator structure;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tangential permanent magnet flux structure;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tangential radial hybrid permanent magnet flux structure;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of radial permanent magnetic flux structure;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the multi-block radial permanent magnetic flux structure;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of unipolar multi-block radial permanent magnet flux;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-block radial permanent magnet flux structure 1 with unipolar electric excitation;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a multi-block radial permanent magnet flux structure 2 with unipolar electric excitation;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a multi-block radial permanent magnet flux structure 3 with unipolar electric excitation;

Fig. 10 is a topological diagram of rotor yoke winding current rectification;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the additional pole shoe winding structure;

Figure 12 is a topological diagram of the additional pole shoe winding connected in series with the rotor yoke winding;

Figure 13 is a topological diagram of the common rectification form of the additional pole piece winding and the rotor yoke winding;

Figure 14 is a topological diagram of the parallel connection of the additional pole piece winding and the rotor yoke winding;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of tangential permanent magnet flux structure for auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of radial permanent magnet flux structure for auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the joint action structure of the additional pole piece winding, the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole body winding;

Description of symbols: 1. Stator core; 2. Stator armature winding; 3. Stator field winding; 4. Stator slot; 5. Rotor core; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Rotor yoke winding; 8. Rotor DC field winding; 9 , isolation slot; 10, rotor additional slot; 11, permanent magnet; 12, rotor pole shoe winding; 13, rotor pole shoe slot; 14, rotor pole body winding; 15, rotor pole body; 16, rotor pole shoe; 17. Rotor core yoke; 18. Rotary rectifier.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The invention designs a rotor multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation motor. The stator armature winding is placed in the stator slot, and the rotor DC excitation winding is placed in the rotor slot. The rotor yoke windings are placed in the slots, and additional rotor slots are provided on each rotor pole. One end of the additional rotor slots is connected to the corresponding rotor yoke slot, and the other end extends to the edge of the rotor pole shoe. A permanent magnet is set on the rotor core. The rotor yoke The winding is connected to the rotor DC field winding through a rotating rectifier.

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural example of the stator part of the present invention, can feed direct current in the stator exciting winding 3, establish static additional magnetic field in air gap; Rotate the additional magnetic field. The additional magnetic field cuts the rotor yoke windings. The rotor yoke winding, the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole winding generate an induced potential, which is rectified by the rotating rectifier to provide the rotor DC excitation current for the rotor DC excitation winding, and the magnetic field generated by the rotor DC excitation current induces the stator armature winding. Additional rotor slots ensure that the additional magnetic field cannot be short-circuited via the rotor pole shoes. It is also possible not to install the stator excitation winding, and directly use the harmonic magnetic field as the additional magnetic field induction rotor AC winding. In addition, the induced potential of the additional magnetic field on the rotor DC excitation winding is 0V, and the induced potential of the magnetic field generated by the rotor excitation current of the rotor DC excitation winding on the stator excitation winding is 0V.

Due to the large reluctance of the permanent magnet, it is necessary to ensure that the structure of the permanent magnet not only enhances the magnetic field of the main air gap, but also does not affect the magnetic flux generated by the harmonics of the air gap or the stator excitation winding current in the design of the rotor scheme. Enter the air gap with the chain of turns of each winding of the rotor.

Fig. 2 is a tangential permanent magnet flux structure designed by the present invention, and the polar pairs of the opposite surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets are the same. Open the rotor slot on the rotor core and place the rotor DC field winding. The DC field winding is placed under the permanent magnet. The rotor yoke winding slots are opened to the rotor core yoke, and the rotor additional slots are opened between the slots of the rotor yoke in the middle of the adjacent rotor DC field winding slots and the air gap. When there is no excitation current, the permanent magnetic field is magnetically shorted along the rotor core. When the stator excitation current is passed through, the magnetic field generated by the stator excitation current is linked with the rotor AC winding turns, and the rotor yoke winding is rectified by the rotating rectifier to supply power to the rotor DC excitation winding. The additional slots of the rotor ensure that the stator excitation magnetic field will not be magnetically short-circuited through the rotor pole shoes, and at the same time, it does not affect the paths of the permanent magnetic field and the rotor electric excitation field. This scheme can also be designed as a permanent magnet tangential radial hybrid type, as shown in Figure 3. The tangential and radial permanent magnet fluxes are superimposed in the air gap. The radial flux permanent magnets are embedded and arranged on the surface of the pole piece, which not only prevents the magnetic short circuit of the excitation flux of the stator, but also enhances the air gap magnetic field.

Figure 4 is a radial permanent magnet flux structure designed by the present invention. In this permanent magnet design, the direction of the permanent magnetic field is the same as the direction of the magnetic field generated by the rotor DC excitation winding current, and each pole forms NS interlaced magnetic poles. The pole arc design of the permanent magnet should not be too large, leaving a path for the stator excitation field and the rotor DC excitation field.

As shown in Figure 5, a multi-piece permanent magnet design is used to leave a core path for the stator excitation field and the rotor DC excitation field. It is also possible to configure the permanent magnets to be unipolar. As shown in Figure 6, taking the permanent magnet on the N pole as an example, the permanent magnetic flux starts from the N pole, passes through the air gap and the stator armature winding, returns to the air gap, and reaches the adjacent rotor without permanent magnet only The rotor pole of the DC field winding. The magnetic field generated by the current in the rotor DC excitation winding still magnetizes the rotor core poles according to the law of NS alternation. This scheme can also only leave the permanent magnet on the S pole. In addition to designing the permanent magnet to be unipolar, the electric excitation part can also be designed to be unipolar.

Permanent magnets and rotor DC field winding coils can be installed on the same rotor pole body, as shown in Figure 7, permanent magnets and rotor DC field winding coils are placed on every other rotor pole body, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets and the rotor DC field current The resulting magnetic flux is in the same direction. The magnetic flux starts from the permanent magnet and the N pole of the rotor DC excitation winding coil, enters the air gap, and after connecting with the stator armature winding turns, enters the air gap, and then enters the core pole without the permanent magnet and rotor DC excitation winding coil, and passes through the rotor The iron core yoke returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet and the rotor DC field winding coil.

It is also possible to install the permanent magnet and the rotor DC excitation winding coil on the same rotor pole body, as shown in Figure 8, for the permanent magnetic flux, the N pole is the permanent magnet pole, and the other parts without permanent magnets are core poles. The permanent magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet, enters the air gap, and after connecting with the stator armature winding, enters the air gap and enters the rotor core pole body without permanent magnets, and returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet through the rotor yoke. The electric excitation flux starts from the N pole of the electric excitation coil, passes through the rotor core yoke, enters the rotor pole body installed with permanent magnets, enters the air gap, links with the stator armature winding turns, enters the air gap and returns to the rotor DC excitation The S pole of the winding coil. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9 , only the permanent magnet on the S pole and the rotor DC field winding coil on the N pole are left.

The winding connection scheme is shown in Figure 10. Taking the rotor yoke winding as three-phase as an example, it is connected to the rotating rectifier to provide electric energy for the rotor DC excitation winding.

Figure 11 is an example diagram of the slotting of the pole shoe of the auxiliary rotor. On the basis of installing the rotor yoke winding, the rotor pole shoe winding is added to jointly induce the stator excitation magnetic field or the air gap harmonic magnetic field. Taking the design of the rotor DC excitation winding as unipolar as an example, the rotor pole shoe slot is added at the rotor pole shoe, and the rotor pole shoe winding is placed inside. The rotor pole shoe winding is the same as the rotor yoke winding, both of which are used to induce the harmonic magnetic field in the air gap or the magnetic field generated by the stator excitation current. The number of rotor pole shoe windings and rotor yoke windings can be determined according to requirements. The rotor pole shoe windings can be designed as single-layer windings or double-layer windings, and can be set as single-phase, two-phase, three-phase or multi-phase. If the phase number and phase of the induced potential generated by it are the same as the phase number and phase of the induced potential of the rotor yoke winding, the two can be connected in series, so that the phase numbers of the rotor pole piece winding and the rotor yoke winding are the same When it is 3 as an example, the series connection mode is shown in Figure 12. Rotary rectifiers can be half-wave rectifiers or full-wave rectifiers. The rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding can be rectified at the same time, and the rectification method can be half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification. Taking the case where the number of phases of the rotor pole shoe winding and the rotor yoke winding is 3 as an example, the connection method is shown in Fig. 13 . The rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding can also be rectified separately, the rectification method can be half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification, and then connected in parallel at both ends of the rotor DC excitation winding, the rotor pole shoe winding and the rotor yoke When the number of phases of the external windings is 3 as an example, the parallel connection method is shown in Figure 14.

For the tangential permanent magnet flux structure, the auxiliary rotor pole shoe slotting scheme is shown in Figure 15. The slotting scheme of the auxiliary rotor pole piece for the radial permanent magnet flux structure is shown in Fig. 16 . When there are permanent magnets on each pole piece, the scheme is as long as the position of the rotor pole piece slot and the permanent magnet does not affect the path of the air gap harmonic magnetic field and the magnetic flux generated by the stator excitation winding current, so as to ensure the magnetic flux of the two The path can be a link between the rotor pole piece winding and the rotor yoke winding.

Slots can be placed on the rotor pole body to place the rotor pole body winding, as shown in Figure 17, to induce the harmonic magnetic field in the air gap or the stator excitation field, and supply power to the rotor DC excitation winding through the rotating rectifier. The rotor yoke winding, the rotor pole shoe winding and the rotor pole body winding work individually or are installed in combination to provide DC power for the rotor DC field winding. It is also possible to obtain the induced potential only by relying on the rotor pole shoe winding to induce the air gap harmonic magnetic field or the magnetic field generated by the stator excitation current, and then supply power to the rotor DC excitation winding through the rotating rectifier. The motor can still work when there are only permanent magnets or rotor DC excitation windings, but the power is reduced.

The embodiment is only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and can not limit the scope of protection of the present invention with this. All technical ideas proposed in the present invention, any changes made on the basis of technical solutions, all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention .

Claims (10)

1. A rotor multi-slot type induction excitation type hybrid excitation motor is characterized in that: a stator armature winding is arranged in the stator slot, a rotor direct-current excitation winding is arranged in the rotor slot, a plurality of rotor yoke slots are uniformly formed in a rotor core yoke, a rotor yoke winding is arranged in the rotor yoke slot, and the rotor yoke slot at the lower part of the rotor slot is directly connected with the rotor slot; for rotor yoke slots between adjacent rotor slots, slender rotor additional slots are machined on each rotor pole body, one end of each rotor additional slot is communicated with the corresponding rotor yoke slot, the other end of each rotor additional slot extends to the edge of a rotor pole shoe, a permanent magnet is arranged on a rotor core, and a rotor yoke winding is connected with a rotor direct-current excitation winding through a rotating rectifier.

2. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a rotor pole body between the adjacent rotor slots and the additional rotor slot is provided with a slot, and a rotor pole body winding is arranged in the slot.

3. The rotor multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a rotor pole shoe portion groove is formed in the rotor pole shoe portion, and a rotor pole shoe portion winding is placed in the rotor pole shoe portion groove; the rotor pole shoe portion winding and the rotor yoke portion winding are connected in the following three connection modes:

the first method is as follows: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the rotary rectifier;

the second method comprises the following steps: the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected with a rotary rectifier;

the third method comprises the following steps: and the rotor yoke winding and the rotor pole shoe winding are respectively connected with a rotating rectifier and then connected in parallel at two ends of the rotor direct-current excitation winding.

4. The rotor multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tangential magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor iron core and are arranged between each rotor groove and the edge of the rotor pole shoe, and the polarities of the opposite surfaces of the adjacent tangential magnetic flux permanent magnets are the same.

5. The rotor multiple-slot induction excited hybrid excitation motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor iron core and arranged on the surface of the rotor pole shoe.

6. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 5, wherein: at least 1 radial flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe, and when only 1 radial flux permanent magnet is arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe, the polarities of the adjacent radial flux permanent magnets are different; when the number of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets arranged on the surface of each rotor pole shoe is more than 1, the polarities of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets on the surface of the same rotor pole shoe are the same, and the polarities of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets on the adjacent rotor pole shoes are different.

7. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are arranged on the surfaces of the rotor pole shoes at intervals, namely, only one of the two adjacent rotor pole shoes is provided with the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet, the polarities of all the radial magnetic flux permanent magnets are the same, when the polarity of the rotor direct current excitation winding is S pole, the polarity of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is N pole, or when the polarity of the rotor direct current excitation winding is N pole, the polarity of the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet is S pole.

8. The multi-slot induction excited hybrid excitation rotor machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet and the rotor direct current excitation winding are all arranged on the same rotor pole, or the radial magnetic flux permanent magnet and the rotor direct current excitation winding are all arranged on different rotor poles.

9. The rotor multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: stator exciting windings are also arranged in the stator slots.

10. The multi-slot type induction excitation hybrid excitation rotor motor as set forth in claim 1, wherein: each rotor pole body is provided with an isolation groove, one end of each isolation groove, which is close to the air gap, is provided with a magnetic bridge, and the other end of each isolation groove is communicated with the rotor additional groove.

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