CN113504111A - Chemical stress corrosion stretching system for preventing sample from bubbling and strain measurement method - Google Patents
Chemical stress corrosion stretching system for preventing sample from bubbling and strain measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
一种防试样起气泡的化学应力腐蚀拉伸系统及应变测量方法，系统包括水平原位拉伸装置、PC拉伸控制器、水浴箱、DIC系统、去泡装置；水平原位拉伸装置包括底座、左、右两半夹具、使两半夹具实相向移动的拉伸驱动机构；设在底座上的拉伸装置控制接口与PC拉伸控制器电连接；水浴箱置于底座上方，两半夹具的内侧立边部伸入到水浴箱内，使试件浸入腐蚀液中；在水浴箱前侧壁上设有玻璃窗口；水浴箱侧壁上还设有进液孔和回液孔；DIC系统设置于水浴箱前侧壁外且其摄像头对准玻璃窗口；去泡装置包通过管路连接的溶液泵、溶液罐、喷洒头组件和单向阀；喷洒头组件固定于进液孔位置，喷洒头出液方向朝向试件前侧成像面。本发明扩展了拉伸试验的应用。
A chemical stress corrosion stretching system and strain measurement method for preventing sample bubbles, the system includes a horizontal in-situ stretching device, a PC stretching controller, a water bath, a DIC system, and a debubbling device; and a horizontal in-situ stretching device It includes a base, left and right half clamps, and a stretching drive mechanism that makes the two half clamps move toward each other; the control interface of the stretching device on the base is electrically connected with the PC stretching controller; the water bath box is placed above the base, and the two The inner vertical edge of the half-clamp extends into the water bath, so that the test piece is immersed in the corrosive solution; a glass window is arranged on the front side wall of the water bath; the side wall of the water bath is also provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid return hole; The DIC system is set outside the front wall of the water bath and its camera is aimed at the glass window; the defoaming device includes a solution pump, a solution tank, a spray head assembly and a one-way valve connected by a pipeline; the spray head assembly is fixed at the liquid inlet position , the direction of the spray head is toward the imaging surface of the front side of the specimen. The present invention extends the application of tensile testing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tensile test of material mechanics and optical measurement experiment mechanics, and particularly relates to a chemical stress corrosion tensile system for preventing a sample from bubbling and a strain measurement method.
Background
In the field of material testing and mechanical experiments, a tensile testing experiment is an experiment which is most basic and widely applied to research on the mechanical properties of materials, and is widely applied to representing the mechanical response of metals and nonmetals, evaluating the functional difference of different test pieces, drawing a tensile curve of the materials and exploring the constitutive relation of the materials.
Stress corrosion is a form of failure of metallic materials under the combined action of corrosive media and tensile stress. When metal is subjected to stress corrosion, two factors, i.e., corrosion and stress, are mutually promoted. Therefore, compared with in-situ stretching, stress corrosion has larger influence on mechanical representation and practical application of a sample, has very large influence on properties such as strength, rigidity, service life and the like of a material, and even influences the reliability of the material. This results in higher requirements for strain measurement of the sample, which requires mechanical characterization of the sample in a chemical solution water bath.
However, in the conventional mechanical tensile test, due to the limitations of the structure of the device and the data acquisition angle, the material can only be subjected to a tensile test without water bath, the mechanical property of the material after stress corrosion cannot be measured, and the real-time mechanical response of the material after stress corrosion cannot be obtained. Therefore, the conventional tensile test needs to be improved to have the function of tensile test under stress corrosion so as to measure the mechanical property parameters of the material under the chemical solution water bath condition.
The stress corrosion tensile test has two outstanding problems to be solved, and the first problem is the measurement problem of the stress strain field. The traditional stretching device generally collects data above the surface of a test piece, but the lens surface of an independent DIC (digital image correlation) test system is longitudinal, so that the measurement cannot be carried out under the condition that the surface of the test piece faces upwards. Thus in experiments it was necessary to perform measurements with the sample surface parallel to the lens surface of the DIC system, i.e. the sample turned sideways from its original surface facing upwards. In addition, after the traditional stretching device stretches the sample, the sample needs to be stretched under the stress corrosion condition and the stress strain of the sample needs to be measured in real time.
The second problem to be solved in the chemical corrosion test is the bubbling on the surface of the sample. When carrying out in the water bath case and corroding tensile experiment to sample chemical stress, the bubble can appear because chemical corrosion in the test piece surface, and the bubble of appearance can cause the influence to DIC formation of image. Therefore, it is necessary to wash the sample with the solution in time when bubbles appear on the surface of the sample to reduce the influence of the bubbles on the imaging.
Therefore, a non-contact stretching device and a full-field measurement system for preventing the sample from bubbling under the chemical stress corrosion condition are needed to quickly, conveniently and accurately evaluate the mechanical property of the material
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a stretching system and a strain measurement method for preventing a sample from bubbling under a stress corrosion condition, so that the stretching loading of the material under a chemical environment can be realized, the full-field strain real-time measurement of bubbles generated on the surface of the sample can be prevented, and the application of a stretching test can be expanded.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a prevent tensile system of sample gassing under stress corrosion condition which characterized in that: comprises a horizontal in-situ stretching device, a PC stretching controller, a water bath tank for containing corrosive liquid, a DIC system and a defoaming device;
the horizontal in-situ stretching device comprises a base, a left half clamp and a right half clamp which are oppositely arranged left and right, and a stretching driving mechanism which enables the two half clamps to realize opposite movement along the left and right directions; a stretching device control interface is arranged on the base and is used for being electrically connected with a PC stretching controller; the left and right clamp halves are composed of an outer vertical edge part, an inner vertical edge part and an upper horizontal edge part connecting the inner vertical edge part and the outer vertical edge part, the outer vertical edge parts of the left and right clamp halves are in guide fit with the upper end of the base, and a sample clamping space is formed between the inner vertical edge parts of the left and right clamp halves;
the water bath tank is arranged above the base and between the left and right clamp halves, and the inner vertical edge parts of the left and right clamp halves extend into the water bath tank so that the clamped test piece is immersed into the corrosive liquid; a glass window is arranged on the front side wall of the water bath tank; the side wall of the water bath tank is also provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid return hole;
the DIC system is arranged outside the front side wall of the water bath box, and a camera of the DIC system is aligned to the glass window;
the defoaming device comprises a solution pump, a solution tank, a spray head assembly and a one-way valve; the one-way valve, the solution tank and the solution pump are arranged outside the water bath tank and are sequentially connected in series through a pipeline; the spraying head assembly is arranged in the water bath box and consists of a spraying head and a guide pipe, one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the spraying head, the other end of the guide pipe is fixed at the position of the liquid inlet, and the liquid outlet direction of the spraying head faces to an imaging surface on the front side of the test piece; the solution pump is connected with the other end of the guide pipe through a solution input pipeline, and the one-way valve is connected with a liquid return hole in the water bath tank through a solution return pipeline.
Further: an overflow hole is arranged on the front side wall of the water bath box near the upper end.
Further: the stretching driving mechanism comprises a motor and a transmission screw rod; the motor is arranged in a motor mounting groove arranged on the base; the two ends of the transmission screw rod are respectively in driving connection with the outer vertical edge parts of the left clamp half and the right clamp half through thread matching; and one end of the transmission screw rod is in driving connection with the motor through a transmission mechanism.
Further: the base is provided with a clamp mounting groove along the left-right direction, and the lower end parts of the outer side vertical edge parts of the left and right two halves of clamps are embedded into the clamp mounting groove.
Further: the water bath box, the left clamp and the right clamp are made of high-nickel austenitic steel, high-purity austenitic steel or ultra-pure high-chromium ferritic steel.
Further: the left side clamping fixed block and the right side clamping fixed block are relatively fixed on the inner side vertical edge parts of the left half clamp and the right half clamp, and the two side clamping fixed blocks are respectively connected with the left side clamping movable block and the right side clamping movable block through bolts.
A strain measurement method for preventing a sample from bubbling under a stress corrosion condition is based on the stretching system and comprises the following steps:
(1) checking whether the defoaming device is connected perfectly or not, and ensuring that pipelines and lines among the solution tank, the solution pump and the one-way valve are connected perfectly;
(2) checking whether the PC stretching controller is well connected with the horizontal in-situ stretching device;
(3) starting and checking whether the DIC system is good or not, and whether the sample mounting position between the left clamp and the right clamp is in the imaging range of the DIC or not;
starting to formally enter the experiment after all the examinations are complete;
step 6, starting a PC (personal computer) stretching controller, adjusting the stretching speed to perform a stretching test, and simultaneously performing imaging scanning on the test piece through a glass window after a predetermined period of time is set by a DIC (digital computer) system until the test is finished; in the test process, the test piece generates bubbles in the solution, and the spraying head is utilized to spray the solution to the test piece in time so as to remove the bubbles; when the solution is excessive, the solution is discharged from the overflow hole in time to keep the liquid level height;
7, turning off the PC stretching controller, the solution pump and the solution tank in sequence after the test is finished;
step 8, taking down the test piece clamped on the left clamp and the right clamp, and finishing the test;
and 9, finally, performing full-field strain analysis in a DIC system to obtain an experimental result.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the clamp part is designed into a water bath type clamp, the clamp can extend into a water bath tank to be immersed in chemical solution to realize stress corrosion, and the direction of the clamp for clamping a test piece is changed on the original basis. The observation surface of the test piece is changed from being parallel to the bottom surface of the box body to being parallel to the side surface of the box body, so that the imaging of the DIC system is conveniently carried.
2. The central area of the front surface of the water bath box is designed into transparent glass, the stress corrosion state of the material can be observed through a window, and the DIC system can acquire images of a sample through the glass. The DIC system is used as an imaging analysis device, and can perform real-time imaging and full-field strain analysis on the tensile test piece through transparent glass on the side surface of the water bath.
The invention can realize multiple functions of integrating dynamic loading of samples, stress corrosion, image acquisition and strain analysis; the original form of a tensile clamp is changed, and the sample is immersed in a chemical solution and can be used for analyzing the mechanical property change of the sample under stress corrosion; meanwhile, a bubble removing device is carried, bubbles generated by chemical factors in the imaging process of the sample are removed in time, and the imaging precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of the stretching system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the horizontal in-situ stretching assembly of the present invention in cooperation with a water bath;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the horizontal in-situ stretching assembly of the present invention in cooperation with a water bath;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the clamp of the present invention engaged with a test specimen;
fig. 5a is a plan view of the sprinkler assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 5b is a perspective view of the sprinkler assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 5c is a front view of the sprinkler assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 5d is a side view of the sprinkler assembly according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The structure of the present invention will be further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that this embodiment is illustrative and not restrictive.
A stretching system for preventing bubbles from forming on a sample under stress corrosion conditions, as shown in fig. 1-5d, the invention points are: comprises a horizontal in-situ stretching device 2, a PC stretching controller 1, a water bath tank 4 for containing corrosive liquid, a DIC system 3 and a defoaming device 5.
The horizontal in-situ stretching device realizes horizontal stretching of the sample piece, and mainly comprises a base 2.6, a left half clamp 2.2 and a right half clamp 2.4 which are oppositely arranged left and right, and a stretching driving mechanism which enables the two half clamps to oppositely move along the left and right directions. Wherein, the left and right clamp halves and the water bath box are made of corrosion-resistant materials such as high-nickel austenitic steel, high-purity austenitic steel or ultra-pure high-chromium ferritic steel. The stretching driving mechanism adopts a screw rod transmission mechanism driven by a motor, and specifically comprises the following steps: the stretching driving mechanism comprises a motor 2.1 and a transmission screw rod 2.5. The motor is arranged in a motor mounting groove formed in the base. The transmission screw rod is of a screw rod structure with opposite-turning-direction threads arranged at two ends, and the two ends of the transmission screw rod are respectively in driving connection with the outer side vertical edge parts of the left clamp and the right clamp through thread matching. The transmission screw rod is in driving connection with the motor at one end through a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism can adopt common gear transmission, belt wheel transmission and the like, and the transmission mechanism is not schematically shown in the attached drawing. And a stretching device control interface 2.3 is arranged on the base and is used for being electrically connected with a PC stretching controller. The left and right clamp halves are composed of an outer side vertical edge part, an inner side vertical edge part and an upper transverse edge part connecting the inner side vertical edge part and the outer side vertical edge part. The outer side vertical edge parts of the left and right two half fixtures are matched with the upper end of the base in a guiding manner, specifically, fixture mounting grooves can be arranged on the base along the left-right direction, and the lower end parts of the outer side vertical edge parts of the left and right two half fixtures are embedded into the fixture mounting grooves. A sample clamping space is formed between the inner vertical edge parts of the left and right half clamps. Specifically, a left clamping fixed block 2.7 and a right clamping fixed block 2.9 can be relatively fixed on the inner vertical edge parts of the left and right two halves of the clamp, the two clamping fixed blocks are respectively connected with a left clamping movable block 2.8 and a right clamping movable block 2.10 through bolts, so that the left end of the test piece is clamped and fixed between the left clamping fixed block and the left clamping movable block, and the right end of the test piece is clamped and fixed between the right clamping fixed block and the right clamping movable block. The water bath box is arranged above the base and is positioned between the left and right two half clamps, the inner side vertical edge parts of the left and right two half clamps stretch into the water bath box, so that a clamped test piece is immersed into the corrosive liquid, concretely, grooves can be respectively arranged in the middle of the upper end of the left side wall and the middle of the upper end of the left side wall of the water bath box, and the upper horizontal edge parts of the clamps on the two sides stretch into the water bath box through the grooves. A glass window 4.2 is arranged on the front side wall of the water bath box. The side wall of the water bath box is also provided with a liquid inlet hole 4.3 and a liquid return hole. In addition, an overflow hole 4.1 is further arranged on the front side wall of the water bath box near the upper end, when the solution in the water bath box is excessive, the solution is discharged from the overflow hole in time so as to keep the liquid level height.
The DIC system is arranged outside the front side wall of the water bath box, and a camera of the DIC system is aligned to the glass window;
the defoaming device comprises a solution pump, a solution tank, a spray head assembly and a one-way valve; the one-way valve, the solution tank and the solution pump are arranged outside the water bath tank and are sequentially connected in series through a pipeline; the sprinkler assembly is arranged in the water bath box and comprises a sprinkler head and a guide pipe, one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the sprinkler head, the other end of the guide pipe is fixed at the liquid inlet position, the liquid outlet direction of the sprinkler head faces to an imaging surface on the front side of a test piece, the solution pump is connected with the other end of the guide pipe through a solution input pipeline, and the check valve is connected with a liquid return hole on the water bath box through a solution return pipeline. Adopt this defoaming device can in time pass through the pipe and spray when the bubble appears on the test piece surface and throw the suction solution (corrosive liquid) and spray and clear away the bubble in the test piece surface, eliminate the influence of bubble to the formation of image. According to the fluid mechanics principle, the flow rate of the fluid in the same pipe is constant, according to the condition that v is q/A, v represents the flow rate, q represents the flow rate, A represents the cross-sectional area, the flow rate of the solution in the pipe and the sprinkler head can be controlled by adjusting the cross-sectional areas of the pipe and the sprinkler head, and the optimal effect of removing bubbles can be achieved.
A strain measurement method for preventing a sample from bubbling under a stress corrosion condition is based on the stretching system and comprises the following steps:
(1) checking whether the defoaming device is connected perfectly or not, and ensuring that pipelines and lines among the solution tank, the solution pump and the one-way valve are connected perfectly;
(2) checking whether the PC stretching controller is well connected with the horizontal in-situ stretching device;
(3) starting and checking whether the DIC system is good or not, and whether the sample mounting position between the left clamp and the right clamp is in the imaging range of the DIC or not;
starting to formally enter the experiment after all the examinations are complete;
and 6, starting a PC (personal computer) stretching controller, adjusting the stretching speed to perform a stretching test, and simultaneously performing imaging scanning on the test piece through a glass window after a predetermined period of time is set by a DIC (digital computer) system until the test is finished. In the test process, the test piece generates bubbles in the solution, and the spraying head is utilized to spray the solution to the test piece in time so as to remove the bubbles; when the solution is excessive, the solution is discharged from the overflow hole in time to keep the liquid level height;
7, turning off the PC stretching controller, the solution pump and the solution tank in sequence after the test is finished;
step 8, taking down the test piece clamped on the left clamp and the right clamp, and finishing the test;
and 9, finally, performing full-field strain analysis in a DIC system to obtain an experimental result.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a prevent tensile system of sample gassing under stress corrosion condition which characterized in that: comprises a horizontal in-situ stretching device, a PC stretching controller, a water bath tank for containing corrosive liquid, a DIC system and a defoaming device;
the horizontal in-situ stretching device comprises a base, a left half clamp and a right half clamp which are oppositely arranged left and right, and a stretching driving mechanism which enables the two half clamps to realize opposite movement along the left and right directions; a stretching device control interface is arranged on the base and is used for being electrically connected with a PC stretching controller; the left and right clamp halves are composed of an outer vertical edge part, an inner vertical edge part and an upper horizontal edge part connecting the inner vertical edge part and the outer vertical edge part, the outer vertical edge parts of the left and right clamp halves are in guide fit with the upper end of the base, and a sample clamping space is formed between the inner vertical edge parts of the left and right clamp halves;
the water bath tank is arranged above the base and between the left and right clamp halves, and the inner vertical edge parts of the left and right clamp halves extend into the water bath tank so that the clamped test piece is immersed into the corrosive liquid; a glass window is arranged on the front side wall of the water bath tank; the side wall of the water bath tank is also provided with a liquid inlet hole and a liquid return hole;
the DIC system is arranged outside the front side wall of the water bath box, and a camera of the DIC system is aligned to the glass window;
the defoaming device comprises a solution pump, a solution tank, a spray head assembly and a one-way valve; the one-way valve, the solution tank and the solution pump are arranged outside the water bath tank and are sequentially connected in series through a pipeline; the spraying head assembly is arranged in the water bath box and consists of a spraying head and a guide pipe, one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the spraying head, the other end of the guide pipe is fixed at the position of the liquid inlet, and the liquid outlet direction of the spraying head faces to an imaging surface on the front side of the test piece; the solution pump is connected with the other end of the guide pipe through a solution input pipeline, and the one-way valve is connected with a liquid return hole in the water bath tank through a solution return pipeline.
2. The system of claim 1 for preventing blistering of a sample under stress corrosion conditions, wherein: an overflow hole is arranged on the front side wall of the water bath box near the upper end.
3. The system of claim 1 for preventing blistering of a sample under stress corrosion conditions, wherein: the stretching driving mechanism comprises a motor and a transmission screw rod; the motor is arranged in a motor mounting groove arranged on the base; the two ends of the transmission screw rod are respectively in driving connection with the outer vertical edge parts of the left clamp half and the right clamp half through thread matching; and one end of the transmission screw rod is in driving connection with the motor through a transmission mechanism.
4. The system of claim 1 for preventing blistering of a sample under stress corrosion conditions, wherein: the base is provided with a clamp mounting groove along the left-right direction, and the lower end parts of the outer side vertical edge parts of the left and right two halves of clamps are embedded into the clamp mounting groove.
5. The system of claim 1 for preventing blistering of a sample under stress corrosion conditions, wherein: the water bath box, the left clamp and the right clamp are made of high-nickel austenitic steel, high-purity austenitic steel or ultra-pure high-chromium ferritic steel.
6. The system of claim 1 for preventing blistering of a sample under stress corrosion conditions, wherein: the left side clamping fixed block and the right side clamping fixed block are relatively fixed on the inner side vertical edge parts of the left half clamp and the right half clamp, and the two side clamping fixed blocks are respectively connected with the left side clamping movable block and the right side clamping movable block through bolts.
7. A strain measurement method for preventing a sample from bubbling under a stress corrosion condition, which is based on the stretching system for preventing the sample from bubbling under the stress corrosion condition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, the whole experiment system is inspected, and the following aspects are mainly inspected:
(1) checking whether the defoaming device is connected perfectly or not, and ensuring that pipelines and lines among the solution tank, the solution pump and the one-way valve are connected perfectly;
(2) checking whether the PC stretching controller is well connected with the horizontal in-situ stretching device;
(3) starting and checking whether the DIC system is good or not, and whether the sample mounting position between the left clamp and the right clamp is in the imaging range of the DIC or not;
starting to formally enter the experiment after all the examinations are complete;
step 2, clamping a test piece between a left clamp and a right clamp of the in-situ stretching device, connecting and fixing the test piece, a test piece clamping movable block and a test piece clamping fixed block through bolts, wherein the test piece is positioned between the clamping movable block and the clamping fixed block;
step 3, connecting a solution input pipeline on the horizontal in-situ stretching device with a solution pump according to experimental requirements, and connecting a solution return pipeline with a one-way valve to be ready;
step 4, formally entering a measuring link, and adjusting a camera of the DIC system to be in a proper angle and position, so that the imaging visual field of the DIC system can be filled in the surface of the test piece;
step 5, opening the solution tank and the solution pump in sequence, performing stress corrosion, and then performing real-time image acquisition on the surface of the test piece in the process of performing stress corrosion by using a DIC system;
step 6, starting a PC (personal computer) stretching controller, adjusting the stretching speed to perform a stretching test, and simultaneously performing imaging scanning on the test piece through a glass window after a predetermined period of time is set by a DIC (digital computer) system until the test is finished; in the test process, the test piece generates bubbles in the solution, and the spraying head is utilized to spray the solution to the test piece in time so as to remove the bubbles; when the solution is excessive, the solution is discharged from the overflow hole in time to keep the liquid level height;
7, turning off the PC stretching controller, the solution pump and the solution tank in sequence after the test is finished;
step 8, taking down the test piece clamped on the left clamp and the right clamp, and finishing the test;
and 9, finally, performing full-field strain analysis in a DIC system to obtain an experimental result.
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