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CN113500208B - A combined powder laser melting 3D printing method - Google Patents

A combined powder laser melting 3D printing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113500208B
CN113500208B CN202110757162.XA CN202110757162A CN113500208B CN 113500208 B CN113500208 B CN 113500208B CN 202110757162 A CN202110757162 A CN 202110757162A CN 113500208 B CN113500208 B CN 113500208B
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Prior art keywords
printing
powder
auxiliary
lifting
laser melting
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CN113500208A (en
Inventor
李明凯
李俊松
周川
卢伟
李高尚
雷金林
颜昌磊
李传龙
李明旋
李正
陈庚
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Wuhan East Petrochemical Heavy Equipment Co ltd
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Wuhan East Petrochemical Heavy Equipment Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，包括打印机机体，所述打印机机体上方一端设置有打印粉料进料口，所述打印机机体上方另一端设置有辅助粉料进料口，所述打印机机体内部开设有打印仓；本发明中打印时打印粉料铺料杆来回往复移动一遍，经过打印底座时，打印粉料通过打印粉料铺料头在其上平铺一层，打印粉料平铺后辅助粉料铺料杆来回往复移动一遍，经过平铺有打印粉料的打印底座时，辅助粉料通过辅助粉料铺料头在平铺的打印粉料上方按照打印预设的打印形状覆盖打印粉料的多余区域平铺一层，完成后打印激光头进行激光熔铸打印，此时打印粉料融合打印成对应的形状，辅助粉料汽化吸热，防止辅助粉料覆盖区域的打印粉料融化。

The present invention discloses a combined powder laser melting 3D printing method, comprising a printer body, wherein a printing powder feed port is arranged at one end above the printer body, an auxiliary powder feed port is arranged at the other end above the printer body, and a printing chamber is opened inside the printer body; in the present invention, during printing, a printing powder spreading rod moves back and forth once, and when passing through a printing base, the printing powder is spread on it in a layer by a printing powder spreading head, and after the printing powder is spread, the auxiliary powder spreading rod moves back and forth once, and when passing through a printing base spread with printing powder, the auxiliary powder is spread on the spread printing powder in a layer according to a preset printing shape by the auxiliary powder spreading head, covering the excess area of the printing powder, and after completion, the printing laser head performs laser melting printing, at which time the printing powder is fused and printed into a corresponding shape, and the auxiliary powder vaporizes and absorbs heat to prevent the printing powder in the area covered by the auxiliary powder from melting.

Description

Combined powder laser casting 3D printing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a combined powder laser casting 3D printing method.
Background
3D printing is typically implemented using a digital technology material printer. Often in the fields of mould manufacture, industrial design, etc., are used to manufacture models, and later gradually in the direct manufacture of some products, parts have been printed using this technique. The technology has application in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction, automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields.
One of the main technological approaches in additive manufacturing of metallic materials is called selective laser melting in 3D printing. The technology selects laser as an energy source, scans the metal powder bed layer by layer according to a planned path in the three-dimensional CAD slice model, and melts and solidifies the scanned metal powder to achieve the metallurgical bonding effect, so as to finally obtain the metal part designed by the model.
However, in the existing laser casting 3D printing method, excessive melting of printing powder can occur during printing, so that the appearance of a workpiece is changed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined powder laser casting 3D printing method for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a combination powder laser melting and casting 3D printing method, includes the printer organism, printer organism top one end is provided with prints the powder feed inlet, the printer organism top other end is provided with supplementary powder feed inlet, the inside printing storehouse that has seted up of printer organism, the inside one end swing joint of printing storehouse has prints powder spreading bar, it is provided with prints powder spreading head to print powder spreading bar one end, the inside other end swing joint of printing storehouse has supplementary powder spreading bar, supplementary powder spreading bar one end is provided with supplementary powder spreading head.
As a further scheme of the invention: the top of the inside of the printing bin is provided with a printing laser head, and a lifting groove is formed below the printing bin.
As still further aspects of the invention: the printer is characterized in that a lifting motor is arranged inside the printer body, and a lifting rod is arranged at one end of the lifting motor.
As still further aspects of the invention: and one end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with a lifting substrate, and a printing base is arranged above the lifting substrate.
As still further aspects of the invention: the printer comprises a printer body, wherein a printing bin door is movably connected to one end of the printer body, and a control board is embedded into one end of the printer body.
As still further aspects of the invention: the LED display screen is arranged at one end of the control panel, the control keys are arranged at the other end of the control panel, and a plurality of groups of control keys are arranged.
As still further aspects of the invention: the printing powder feeding hole is connected with the printing powder spreading rod in a communicating way, and the auxiliary powder feeding hole is connected with the auxiliary powder spreading rod in a communicating way.
As still further aspects of the invention: the lifting rod and the lifting substrate are located in the lifting groove to lift and move.
As a still further scheme of the invention, the application method comprises the following steps: according to actual use condition, select the printing powder of printing the work piece, select the material powder that sublimation point is lower than the printing powder according to printing powder and be auxiliary powder, load into printing the feeding device with printing powder and insert on the printing powder feed inlet, load into auxiliary powder feeding device with auxiliary powder and insert auxiliary powder feed inlet, adjust printing work piece procedure through LED display screen and control button, print the back and forth reciprocating motion of powder shop boom once, when printing the base, print powder through printing powder shop head tiling one deck above it, auxiliary powder shop boom back and forth reciprocating motion one time, when having the printing base of printing powder of tiling, auxiliary powder covers the unnecessary area tiling one deck of printing powder according to printing preset printing shape through auxiliary powder shop head above the printing powder of tiling, print after accomplishing and print laser head fuses the printing into corresponding shape, auxiliary powder vaporization heat absorption, prevent the printing powder in auxiliary powder coverage area to melt, the back and forth the elevating motor drives elevating base and prints one deck height through the elevating lever, print powder shop head and auxiliary powder shop head repeatedly print work piece again like this and print work piece can be accomplished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. When the printing base is paved with the printing powder, the auxiliary powder is paved on the auxiliary powder paving head according to the printing preset printing shape to cover the redundant area of the printing powder, and the laser casting printing is performed by the printing laser head after the printing is completed, at the moment, the printing powder is fused and printed into a corresponding shape, the auxiliary powder is vaporized and absorbed, and the melting of the printing powder in the auxiliary powder coverage area is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for a combined powder laser casting 3D printing method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the cross section of the device for the combined powder laser casting 3D printing method.
In the figure: the printer comprises a 1-printer body, a 2-printing powder feeding port, a 3-auxiliary powder feeding port, a 4-printing bin, a 5-printing powder spreading rod, a 6-printing powder spreading head, a 7-auxiliary powder spreading rod, an 8-auxiliary powder spreading head, a 9-printing laser head, a 10-lifting groove, a 11-lifting motor, a 12-lifting rod, a 13-lifting substrate, a 14-printing base, a 15-printing bin gate, a 16-control panel, a 17-LED display screen and 18-control keys.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in the embodiment of the invention, a combined powder laser casting 3D printing method includes a printer body 1, a printing powder feeding port 2 is arranged at one end above the printer body 1, an auxiliary powder feeding port 3 is arranged at the other end above the printer body 1, a printing bin 4 is arranged inside the printer body 1, a printing powder spreading rod 5 is movably connected to one end inside the printing bin 4, a printing powder spreading head 6 is arranged at one end of the printing powder spreading rod 5, an auxiliary powder spreading rod 7 is movably connected to the other end inside the printing bin 4, and an auxiliary powder spreading head 8 is arranged at one end of the auxiliary powder spreading rod 7.
Example 1
The printer is characterized in that the printing laser head 9 is arranged at the top end inside the printing bin 4, the lifting groove 10 is formed in the lower portion of the printing bin 4, the lifting motor 11 is arranged inside the printer body 1, the lifting rod 12 is arranged at one end of the lifting motor 11, the lifting base plate 13 is fixedly connected with one end of the lifting rod 12, the printing base 14 is arranged above the lifting base plate 13, and the lifting rod 12 and the lifting base plate 13 are located in the lifting groove 10 to move in a lifting mode.
Example two
The printer comprises a printer body 1, a printing bin gate 15 is movably connected to one end of the printer body 1, a control board 16 is embedded into one end of the printer body 1, an LED display screen 17 is electrically arranged at one end of the control board 16, control keys 18 are electrically arranged at the other end of the control board 17, and a plurality of groups of control keys 18 are arranged.
Example III
The printing powder feeding port 2 is connected with the printing powder spreading rod 5 in a communicating way, and the auxiliary powder feeding port 3 is connected with the auxiliary powder spreading rod 7 in a communicating way.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: during the use, select the printing powder of printing the work piece according to actual usage, select the material powder that sublimation point is lower than the printing powder according to the printing powder and be auxiliary powder, load into printing the feeding device and insert printing powder feed inlet 2 on, load into auxiliary powder feeding device and insert auxiliary powder feed inlet 3, adjust printing the work piece procedure through LED display screen 17 and control button 18, print the back and forth reciprocating movement of powder spreading rod 5 and pass through when printing base 14, print the powder and spread one deck above that through printing powder spreading head 6, auxiliary powder spreading rod 7 back and forth reciprocating movement pass through after the printing powder tiling, when printing base 14 that the tiling has printing powder, auxiliary powder is spread one deck according to printing the unnecessary area tiling of printing powder in the printing powder top of tiling through auxiliary powder spreading head 8, print laser head 9 and carry out the casting printing according to printing the printing of presupposition, the printing powder fuses the corresponding shape this moment, auxiliary powder is absorbed, prevent the printing powder in auxiliary powder coverage area from melting, lift motor 11 drives lift base 13 and base 14 and one deck height through lift rod 12 and the repeated printing head 8 of printing powder, the work piece is spread so on again and the printing head is accomplished.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1.一种组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，包括打印机机体(1)，其特征在于，所述打印机机体(1)上方一端设置有打印粉料进料口(2)，所述打印机机体(1)上方另一端设置有辅助粉料进料口(3)，所述打印机机体(1)内部开设有打印仓(4)，所述打印仓(4)内部一端活动连接有打印粉料铺料杆(5)，所述打印粉料铺料杆(5)一端设置有打印粉料铺料头(6)，所述打印仓(4)内部另一端活动连接有辅助粉料铺料杆(7)，所述辅助粉料铺料杆(7)一端设置有辅助粉料铺料头(8)；1. A combined powder laser melting 3D printing method, comprising a printer body (1), characterized in that a printing powder feed port (2) is provided at one end above the printer body (1), an auxiliary powder feed port (3) is provided at the other end above the printer body (1), a printing chamber (4) is provided inside the printer body (1), a printing powder spreading rod (5) is movably connected to one end inside the printing chamber (4), a printing powder spreading head (6) is provided at one end of the printing powder spreading rod (5), an auxiliary powder spreading rod (7) is movably connected to the other end inside the printing chamber (4), and an auxiliary powder spreading head (8) is provided at one end of the auxiliary powder spreading rod (7); 所述辅助粉料铺料头(8)在平铺的打印粉料上方按照打印预设的打印形状覆盖打印粉料的多余区域平铺一层，激光熔铸打印时打印粉料融合打印成对应的形状，辅助粉料汽化吸热，防止辅助粉料覆盖区域的打印粉料融化。The auxiliary powder spreading head (8) spreads a layer on the flattened printing powder in accordance with the preset printing shape, covering the excess area of the printing powder. During laser melting and printing, the printing powder is fused and printed into a corresponding shape, and the auxiliary powder vaporizes and absorbs heat, thereby preventing the printing powder in the area covered by the auxiliary powder from melting. 2.根据权利要求1所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印仓(4)内部顶端设置有打印激光头(9)，所述打印仓(4)下方开设有升降槽(10)。2. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that a printing laser head (9) is arranged at the top of the printing chamber (4), and a lifting groove (10) is opened below the printing chamber (4). 3.根据权利要求1所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印机机体(1)内部设置有升降电机(11)，所述升降电机(11)一端设置有升降杆(12)。3. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that a lifting motor (11) is arranged inside the printer body (1), and a lifting rod (12) is arranged at one end of the lifting motor (11). 4.根据权利要求3所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述升降杆(12)一端固定连接有升降基板(13)，所述升降基板(13)上方设置有打印底座(14)。4. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that one end of the lifting rod (12) is fixedly connected to a lifting base (13), and a printing base (14) is arranged above the lifting base (13). 5.根据权利要求1所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印机机体(1)一端活动连接有打印仓仓门(15)，所述打印机机体(1)一端嵌设有控制板(16)。5. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that a printing chamber door (15) is movably connected to one end of the printer body (1), and a control board (16) is embedded at one end of the printer body (1). 6.根据权利要求5所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述控制板(16)一端电性设置有LED显示屏(17)，所述控制板(17)另一端电性设置有控制按键(18)，所述控制按键(18)数量设置有多组。6. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 5 is characterized in that an LED display screen (17) is electrically provided at one end of the control panel (16), and a control button (18) is electrically provided at the other end of the control panel (17), and the control buttons (18) are provided in multiple groups. 7.根据权利要求1所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印粉料进料口(2)和打印粉料铺料杆(5)之间联通连接，所述辅助粉料进料口(3)和辅助粉料铺料杆(7)之间联通连接。7. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the printing powder feed port (2) and the printing powder spreading rod (5) are interconnected, and the auxiliary powder feed port (3) and the auxiliary powder spreading rod (7) are interconnected. 8.根据权利要求4所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，所述升降杆(12)和所述升降基板(13)位于所述升降槽(10)内部升降移动。8. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the lifting rod (12) and the lifting base plate (13) are located inside the lifting slot (10) and move up and down. 9.根据权利要求1-8任意一项所述的组合粉料激光熔铸3D打印方法，其特征在于，其使用方法为：根据实际使用情况，选取打印工件的打印粉料，根据打印粉料选取升华点较打印粉料低的材质粉料为辅助粉料，将打印粉料装入打印进料装置内接入打印粉料进料口(2)之上，将辅助粉料装入辅助粉料进料装置接入辅助粉料进料口(3)，通过LED显示屏(17)和控制按键(18)调整打印工件程序，打印时打印粉料铺料杆(5)来回往复移动一遍，经过打印底座(14)时，打印粉料通过打印粉料铺料头(6)在其上平铺一层，打印粉料平铺后辅助粉料铺料杆(7)来回往复移动一遍，经过平铺有打印粉料的打印底座(14)时，辅助粉料通过辅助粉料铺料头(8)在平铺的打印粉料上方按照打印预设的打印形状覆盖打印粉料的多余区域平铺一层，完成后打印激光头(9)进行激光熔铸打印，此时打印粉料融合打印成对应的形状，辅助粉料汽化吸热，防止辅助粉料覆盖区域的打印粉料融化，打印一层完毕后升降电机(11)通过升降杆(12)带动升降基板(13)和打印底座(14)下降打印一层高度，打印粉料铺料头(6)和辅助粉料铺料头(8)再次铺料，如此往返重复即可完成工件的打印。9. The combined powder laser melting 3D printing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that its method of use is as follows: according to actual use, the printing powder of the printing workpiece is selected, and the material powder with a sublimation point lower than that of the printing powder is selected as the auxiliary powder according to the printing powder, the printing powder is loaded into the printing feed device and connected to the printing powder feed port (2), the auxiliary powder is loaded into the auxiliary powder feed device and connected to the auxiliary powder feed port (3), and the printing workpiece program is adjusted through the LED display screen (17) and the control button (18). During printing, the printing powder spreading rod (5) moves back and forth once, and when passing through the printing base (14), the printing powder is spread on it by the printing powder spreading head (6), and after the printing powder is spread, the auxiliary powder is spread on it. The auxiliary powder spreading rod (7) moves back and forth once, and when it passes through the printing base (14) on which the printing powder is spread, the auxiliary powder is spread over the spread printing powder by the auxiliary powder spreading head (8) in accordance with the preset printing shape, covering the excess area of the printing powder. After completion, the printing laser head (9) performs laser melting and printing, at which time the printing powder is fused and printed into a corresponding shape, and the auxiliary powder vaporizes and absorbs heat to prevent the printing powder in the area covered by the auxiliary powder from melting. After printing a layer, the lifting motor (11) drives the lifting base (13) and the printing base (14) to descend to the printing height of a layer through the lifting rod (12), and the printing powder spreading head (6) and the auxiliary powder spreading head (8) spread the material again. This back and forth process is repeated to complete the printing of the workpiece.
CN202110757162.XA 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 A combined powder laser melting 3D printing method Active CN113500208B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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