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CN113499485A - Lubricating coating for surface of medical instrument and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Lubricating coating for surface of medical instrument and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113499485A
CN113499485A CN202110773680.0A CN202110773680A CN113499485A CN 113499485 A CN113499485 A CN 113499485A CN 202110773680 A CN202110773680 A CN 202110773680A CN 113499485 A CN113499485 A CN 113499485A
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base layer
lubricating
medical device
coating
acid
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CN202110773680.0A
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Inventor
杜学敏
刘美金
王芳
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Priority to CN202110773680.0A priority Critical patent/CN113499485A/en
Publication of CN113499485A publication Critical patent/CN113499485A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/138086 priority patent/WO2023279664A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
    • A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
    • A61L31/082—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/086—Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
    • A61L31/082—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/088—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L31/084 or A61L31/086
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
    • A61L31/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
    • A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
    • A61L2300/404—Biocides, antimicrobial agents, antiseptic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
    • A61L2420/02—Methods for coating medical devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
    • A61L2420/06—Coatings containing a mixture of two or more compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
    • A61L2420/08—Coatings comprising two or more layers

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种医疗器械表面用的润滑涂层及其制备方法，其包括直接在医疗器械表面设置的润滑层、医疗器械表面设置的基层及在基层表面设置的润滑层；所述基层选自铁电材料基层、油凝胶基层、水凝胶基层、硅胶基层或太阳能电池基层；所述润滑层为在医疗器械表面或基层表面进行润滑液灌注所形成的润滑层。所述润滑涂层在医疗器械表面的应用。本发明利用润滑液或润滑液灌注铁电材料、油凝胶、水凝胶、硅胶和太阳能电池的润滑层降低医疗器械表面和血管壁之间的摩擦，提高其生物相容性并降低细菌在医疗器械表面的黏附。本发明的可用于表面超滑、抗菌医疗器械的涂层材料具有制备工艺简单、润滑效果持久以及抗菌效果稳定等优点。The invention discloses a lubricating coating for the surface of a medical device and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a lubricating layer directly arranged on the surface of the medical device, a base layer arranged on the surface of the medical device and a lubricating layer arranged on the surface of the base layer; From the ferroelectric material base layer, the oil gel base layer, the hydrogel base layer, the silica gel base layer or the solar cell base layer; the lubricating layer is a lubricating layer formed by pouring lubricating liquid on the surface of the medical device or the surface of the base layer. Application of the lubricating coating on the surface of a medical device. The present invention utilizes lubricating fluid or lubricating fluid to perfuse ferroelectric materials, oil gels, hydrogels, silica gels and lubricating layers of solar cells to reduce friction between the surface of medical devices and blood vessel walls, improve their biocompatibility and reduce bacteria in Adhesion of medical device surfaces. The coating material which can be used for super-smooth surface and antibacterial medical equipment of the present invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, long-lasting lubricating effect, stable antibacterial effect and the like.

Description

Lubricating coating for surface of medical instrument and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field related to medical and slipping materials, and particularly relates to a coating material for medical instruments with ultra-smooth surfaces and antibacterial properties.
Background
With the development of medical technology, medical instruments have been widely used in the fields of medical care and health to achieve the purposes of disease diagnosis, prevention, monitoring and treatment. However, in the actual implantation process, the medical device not only rubs against the surrounding tissues and organs, but also is easily contaminated by bacteria, tissue fluid and the like, which will undoubtedly increase the difficulty of the treatment of the doctor, increase the pain of the patient and increase the risk of the damaged vessel wall. Therefore, it becomes more urgent to improve the compatibility and lubricity of medical devices with surrounding tissues and organs, to alleviate patient discomfort, and to achieve high efficiency of treatment. At present, researchers usually solve the problems of lubricity and antibacterial property of medical devices by coating a lubricating coating (CN107412883A) on the surface of the medical device and coating a nano antibacterial material (CN210813271U) on the surface of the medical device, but the methods are complicated to operate, the biocompatibility of the obtained medical device is poor, and the long-term lubricity and antibacterial property are difficult to maintain. Therefore, in order to realize the durable lubricity and stable antibacterial property of the medical appliance in the using process and improve the reliability of the medical appliance, the demand of developing a novel coating material which has a durable lubricating effect and a stable antibacterial effect and can be used for the medical appliance with the ultra-smooth surface and the antibacterial property is particularly urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a coating material for medical instruments with ultra-smooth surfaces and antibacterial properties. The invention utilizes the lubricating liquid or the lubricating liquid to fill the lubricating layer of the ferroelectric material, the oleogel, the hydrogel, the silica gel and the solar cell to reduce the friction between the surface of the medical appliance and the vessel wall, improve the biocompatibility of the medical appliance and reduce the adhesion of bacteria on the surface of the medical appliance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides a lubricious coating for a surface of a medical device, comprising a lubricious coating disposed directly on the surface of the medical device, a base layer disposed on the surface of the medical device, and a lubricious coating disposed on the surface of the base layer;
the base layer is selected from a ferroelectric material base layer, an oil gel base layer, a hydrogel base layer, a silica gel base layer or a solar cell base layer;
the lubricating layer is formed by directly filling lubricating liquid on the surface of the medical instrument or the surface of the base layer.
Further, the ferroelectric material base layer is selected from a coating formed by at least one base layer material of a ferroelectric polymer and an inorganic ferroelectric material.
Further, the ferroelectric polymer is selected from one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon with odd number of carbon atoms, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinylidene cyanide, polyurea, polyphenyl cyano ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate or polypropylene. More preferably, the polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer.
Further, the inorganic ferroelectric material is selected from one or more of a bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectric, a tungsten bronze type ferroelectric, and a perovskite type organic metal halide ferroelectric. Preferably, the inorganic ferroelectric material includes one or more of lead titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, bismuth ferrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium triglycinate sulfate, and a rosette salt.
Further, the particle size of the inorganic ferroelectric material is 1nm to 100 μm, for example, 1nm, 10nm, 50nm, 100nm, 500nm, 1 μm, 10 μm or 100 μm.
Further, the ferroelectric material base layer is a base layer material formed by mixing a ferroelectric polymer and an inorganic ferroelectric material.
Further, the oil gel base layer is a coating formed by at least one base material selected from poly (n-butyl methacrylate), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, poly (lauryl methacrylate), poly (octadecyl methacrylate), sodium polystyrene sulfonate and polyethylene dioxythiophene.
Further, the hydrogel base layer is selected from one or more of fibrin, cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, polyether urethane, polyurethane, elastin, gelatin, agar, starch, cellulose, carrageenan, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl chitin, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic anhydrified gelatin, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyisopropylacrylamide, polylysine, poly-L-glutamic acid, polyaspartic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polylactic acid, polyacrylamide, polymaleic anhydride and derivatives thereof
Further, the silica gel base layer is a coating layer formed by at least one base material selected from polydimethylsiloxane, silicon rubber, silicon resin, silicon oil, a silane coupling agent, vulcanized silicon rubber, methyl vulcanized silicon rubber, vulcanized nitrile silicon rubber and vulcanized fluorosilicone rubber.
Further, the solar cell base layer is selected from a coating layer formed by using a material for preparing a solar cell light absorption layer as a base material. Preferably, the material for preparing the light absorption layer of the solar cell is selected from monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, copper indium selenide, gallium arsenide and nano TiO2Crystal, poly (methoxy ethyl hexyloxy) phenylethene, poly (methoxy dimethyl octyloxy) p-phenylethene, poly (hexyl thiophene fullerene), TiO2A base dye-sensitized material.
Further, the base layer is a mixed solution of a base material prepared from a base material and a solvent, the mixed solution is coated on the surface of the medical instrument through spraying, dip coating, drop coating, spin coating or printing, and the solvent is removed to form the base layer.
Further, the method also comprises the step of carrying out high-voltage corona polarization on the ferroelectric material base layer and the solar cell base layer material after the solvent is removed.
Further, the voltage for corona polarization at high voltage is 10kV or more, preferably 20kV or more.
Further, the solvent is water and an organic solvent, and the organic solvent is preferably selected from one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide acetone, trimethyl phosphate, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, ethanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphoric acid amide, and hexafluoroisopropanol.
Further, the mass concentration of the base material in the base material mixed solution is 1-50%. Preferably 1% to 20%. E.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%.
Further, the medical devices are instruments, devices, instruments and materials that are directly used for the subject. Preferably, some or all of the components of the medical device are disposed within or enter the subject upon application. The medical apparatus is a medical apparatus for detection and a medical apparatus for treatment, such as an implantation medical apparatus. Such as contact lenses, catheters for implants, stents, artificial joints, staples for orthopedics, catheters, intravaginal or digestive tract instruments (stomach tubes, sigmoidoscopes, colonoscopes, gastroscopes), endotracheal tubes, bronchoscopes, dentures, orthodontic appliances, intrauterine devices, burn tissue dressings, oral dressings, therapeutic instruments, laparoscopes, arthroscopes, dental filling materials, artificial muscle keys, artificial throats, and sub-periosteal implants.
Further, the medical device is made of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, copper, steel, tantalum, magnesium, nickel, chromium, iron, nickel-titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, high nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, gallium arsenide, titanium, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, polylactic acid, carbon fiber, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, poly epsilon- (caprolactone), polyanhydride, polyorthoester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), poly (ethylene oxide) -poly (propylene oxide) -poly (ethylene oxide), polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyurethane, nitrocellulose, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyetheretherketone, silicon oxide, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyetheretherketone, silicon oxide, or mixtures thereof, At least one material of titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, organic silicon, silicon rubber and glass.
Further, the static contact angle of water of the surface with the lubricious coating for the surface of the medical device is 50 ° -110 °, for example 80 ° -110 °, 70 °, 75 °, 80 °, 85 °, 90 °, 95 °, 100 °, 105 °; the dynamic contact angle to water is 0 to 10, for example 1 to 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Further, the lubricating fluid infusion comprises soaking with at least one of vegetable oil, glycol, perfluoropolyether, mineral oil, glycerol, paraffin, polyurethane, acrylic polyurethane, silicone oil, fluorine oil, vegetable seed oil, n-decanol, motor oil, kerosene, oleic acid, methyl oleate, ethyl oleate, ferrofluid, thermotropic liquid crystal, ionic liquid, iodoacetic acid, mannitol, eicosapentaenoic acid, algin, alginic acid, mucopolysaccharide, hyaluronic acid, collagen, elastin, allantoin, glucuronic acid, glycolic acid, collagen, mushroom fluid, and emodin.
Further, the lubricating layer has a thickness of 1nm to 1000. mu.m, for example, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm.
Further, the base layer has a thickness of 100nm to 1mm, preferably 100nm to 100 μm, for example, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the lubricating coating for the surface of the medical device, the method comprising the steps of:
the first scheme is as follows:
a lubricating layer directly provided on the surface of the medical device: and (4) pouring a lubricating liquid on the surface of the medical instrument to form a lubricating layer.
Scheme II:
1) arranging a base layer on the surface of the medical appliance: preparing a base material into a base material mixed solution, coating the base material mixed solution on the surface of a medical instrument by spraying, dip coating, drop coating, spin coating or printing, and removing a solvent to form a base layer;
2) the lubricating layer arranged on the surface of the base layer: and (4) pouring a lubricating liquid on the surface of the base layer to form a lubricating layer.
Further, in the step 1) of the second scheme, after the solvent is removed, the method further comprises the step of performing high-voltage corona polarization on the ferroelectric material base layer and the solar cell base layer material.
In still another aspect, a medical device having lubricating and antibacterial properties is provided, wherein the surface of the medical device is provided with the lubricating coating for the surface of the medical device, or the medical device is provided with the lubricating coating for the surface of the medical device by the preparation method.
Further, the static contact angle of water of the surface of the medical device having a lubricious coating is 50 ° -110 °, for example 80 ° -110 °, 70 °, 75 °, 80 °, 85 °, 90 °, 95 °, 100 °, 105 °; the dynamic contact angle to water is 0 to 10, for example 1 to 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Further, the potential of the surface of the medical device having the lubricating coating is 1 to 50V.
Further, in the medical device, a part which enters the body of the subject in use has the above lubricating coating for the surface of the medical device, or the surface of the part which enters the body of the subject in use of the medical device is provided with the lubricating coating for the surface of the medical device by the above manufacturing method.
In a further aspect, there is provided the use of a lubricious coating for a surface of a medical device as described above, or a lubricious coating obtained by a process as described above, to inhibit bacterial adhesion.
In a further aspect, there is provided the use of a lubricious coating for a surface of a medical device as described above, or a lubricious coating obtained by a process as described above, in the preparation of a medical device for inhibiting bacterial adhesion.
In still another aspect, there is provided a method for improving the lubricity of the surface of a medical instrument while improving the antibacterial ability of the surface of the medical instrument, which comprises providing the above lubricating coating for the surface of the medical instrument on the portion of the medical instrument which enters the body of a subject when the medical instrument is in use, or providing the lubricating coating for the surface of the medical instrument on the surface of the portion of the medical instrument which enters the body of the subject when the medical instrument is in use by the above preparation method.
In yet another aspect, a coating composition for a medical device surface is provided, the composition comprising a separately disposed base material, and a lubricating oil.
Further, the coating composition also comprises a solvent.
In a further aspect, there is provided the use of the above coating composition for the surface of a medical device for the manufacture of a medical device for inhibiting bacterial adhesion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention utilizes the lubricating liquid to fill the medical appliance or the lubricating liquid to fill the lubricating layer of the ferroelectric material, the oleogel, the hydrogel, the silica gel and the solar cell, reduces the friction between the surface of the medical appliance and the vessel wall, improves the biocompatibility of the medical appliance and reduces the adhesion of bacteria on the surface of the medical appliance.
(2) The coating material for the medical instruments with the ultra-smooth surfaces and the antibacterial effects has the advantages of simple preparation process, lasting lubricating effect and stable antibacterial effect.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The catheter made of silica gel is sample 1, and then silicone oil is poured on the surface of the catheter made of silica gel to obtain sample 2.
The static contact angle of the sample 2 on the surface of the silica gel catheter after the treatment to water is 87 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 3 degrees, so that the adhesion of bacteria on the surface of the silica gel catheter can be prevented.
Bacteriostatic experiments were performed on the catheter of example 1 (sample 1) whose surface was not coated with silicone oil and the catheter of example 2 whose surface was coated with silicone oil.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 2 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 83 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 2
Dissolving 10% of polyvinylidene fluoride in dimethyl sulfoxide, coating 5mL of polyvinylidene fluoride solution on the surface of a clean gastroscope made of polyether-ether-ketone by a dripping coating method, drying at 80 ℃ for 12h, and then performing corona polarization at 26kV to obtain a sample 1. And then silicone oil is infused on the polarized surface of the gastroscope coated with the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain a sample 2.
The treated surface sample 2 of the gastroscope has a static contact angle of 87 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 3 degrees to water, so that bacteria can be prevented from being adhered to the surface of the laparoscope, and the treated surface of the laparoscope has a surface potential, so that the adhesion of the bacteria can be further inhibited.
The bacteriostatic experiment was performed on the gastroscope (sample 1) in which the surface of example 2 was not coated with the silicone oil-infused polyvinylidene fluoride coating and the gastroscope (sample 2) in which the surface was coated with the silicone oil-infused polyvinylidene fluoride coating, respectively.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 1 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 85 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 3
10% of polylauryl methacrylate by mass is dissolved in ethylene glycol, 5mL of polylauryl methacrylate solution is coated on the surface of a clean colonoscope made of nickel-titanium alloy by a spin coating method, and the colonoscope is dried for 12h at 70 ℃ to obtain a sample 1. And then paraffin perfusion is carried out on the surface of the colonoscope coated with the polylauryl methacrylate coating to obtain a sample 2.
The treated colonoscope surface sample 2 has a static contact angle of 106 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 5 degrees to water, and can prevent bacteria from adhering to the surface of the colonoscope.
The bacteriostatic experiments were performed on the colonoscope of example 3 (sample 1) whose surface was not coated with paraffin-infused polylauryl methacrylate coating and the colonoscope (sample 2) whose surface was coated with paraffin-infused polylauryl methacrylate coating, respectively.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 3 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 80 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 4
Dissolving 4% of sodium alginate by mass in water, coating 5mL of sodium alginate solution on the surface of a clean colonoscope made of zirconia by a spraying method, and drying at 70 ℃ for 12h to obtain a sample 1. And then mannitol infusion is performed on the surface of the colonoscope coated with the sodium alginate coating to obtain a sample 2.
The treated colonoscope surface sample 2 has a static contact angle of 106 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 5 degrees to water, and can prevent bacteria from adhering to the surface of the colonoscope.
The bacteriostatic experiments were performed on the colonoscope of example 4 (sample 1) whose surface was not coated with the mannitol perfusion sodium alginate coating and the colonoscope (sample 2) whose surface was coated with the mannitol perfusion sodium alginate coating, respectively.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 3 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 80 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 5
Dissolving 10% by mass of polyimide in N, N-dimethylformamide, coating 5ml of polyimide solution on the surface of a clean laparoscope made of tricalcium phosphate by a dip coating method, drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours, and then performing corona polarization at 26kV high voltage to obtain a sample 1. Alginic acid perfusion is performed on the surface of the polarized laparoscope coated with the polyimide coating to obtain a sample 2.
The treated surface sample 2 of the laparoscope has a static contact angle of 103 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 2 degrees to water, so that bacteria can be prevented from being adhered to the surface of the laparoscope, and the treated surface of the laparoscope also has a surface potential, so that the adhesion of the bacteria can be further inhibited.
The bacteriostatic experiment was performed on the laparoscope (sample 1) of example 5, which was not coated with the alginic acid impregnated polyimide coating, and the laparoscope, which was coated with the alginic acid impregnated polyimide coating.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 3 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 86 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 6
Dissolving 10% of polydimethylsiloxane by mass in tetrahydrofuran, coating 5mL of polydimethylsiloxane solution on the surface of a clean gastroscope made of polylactic acid by a printing method, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain a sample 1. Allantoin perfusion was then performed on the gastroscope surface coated with the polydimethylsiloxane coating to obtain sample 2.
The treated gastroscope surface sample 2 has a static contact angle of 93 degrees and a dynamic contact angle of 3 degrees on water, and can prevent bacteria from adhering to the surface of the gastroscope.
The bacteriostatic test was performed on the gastroscope (sample 1) of example 6, which was not coated with the allantoin-infused polydimethylsiloxane coating, and the gastroscope (sample 2), which was coated with the allantoin-infused polydimethylsiloxane coating.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 2 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 88 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 7
Dissolving 3% polyhexylthiophene fullerene in dimethyl sulfoxide, coating 5mL of polyhexylthiophene fullerene solution on the surface of a clean artificial muscle bond made of titanium by a spraying method, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain a sample 1. And then mineral oil perfusion is carried out on the surface of the artificial tendon coated with the polyhexamethylene thiophene fullerene coating to obtain a sample 2.
The treated sample 2 on the surface of the artificial muscle bond has a static contact angle of 95 degrees and a dynamic contact angle of 4 degrees for water, and can prevent bacteria from adhering to the surface of the artificial muscle bond.
The bacteriostatic experiment was performed on the artificial muscle bond (sample 1) of example 7, the surface of which was not coated with the mineral oil-infused polyhexylthiophene fullerene coating, and the artificial muscle bond (sample 2) of which the surface was coated with the mineral oil-infused polyhexylthiophene fullerene coating, respectively.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 2 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 83 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 8
Ultrasonically dispersing 1% by mass of 100nm lithium tantalite particles in dimethyl sulfoxide, dissolving 10% by mass of polyacrylonitrile in the dispersion liquid, coating 5mL of the mixed liquid on the surface of a clean colonoscope made of polyether-ether-ketone by a dripping method, drying for 12h at 80 ℃, and then performing corona polarization at 26kV to obtain a sample 1. And then performing emodin perfusion on the surface of the polarized colonoscope coated with the polyacrylonitrile composite coating to obtain a sample 2.
The treated colonoscope surface sample 1 has a static contact angle of 101 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 2 degrees to water, so that bacteria can be prevented from adhering to the gastroscope surface, and the treated colonoscope surface has a surface potential to further inhibit the adhesion of the bacteria.
The bacteriostatic experiments were performed on the colonoscope (sample 1) of example 8, which was not coated with the emodin-infused polyacrylonitrile composite coating, and the colonoscope (sample 2) which was coated with the emodin-infused polyacrylonitrile composite coating.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 2 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 90 percent. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Example 9
Ultrasonically dispersing 150nm monopotassium phosphate particles with the mass percent of 1% in dimethyl sulfoxide, dissolving polyurea with the mass percent of 10% in the dispersion liquid, coating 5ml of mixed liquid on the surface of a clean artificial muscle bond made of polylactic acid by a spraying method, drying for 12 hours at 80 ℃, and then performing corona polarization at 26kV to obtain a sample 1. And then carrying out hyaluronic acid perfusion on the surface of the artificial muscle bond coated with the polarized polyurea composite coating to obtain a sample 2.
The static contact angle of the treated artificial muscle bond surface sample 2 to water is 103 degrees, the dynamic contact angle to water is 3 degrees, bacteria can be prevented from being adhered to the artificial muscle bond surface, and the treated artificial muscle bond surface also has surface potential, so that the adhesion of the bacteria can be further inhibited.
The bacteriostatic test was performed on the artificial muscle bond (sample 1) of example 9, the surface of which was not coated with the hyaluronic acid perfusion polyurea composite coating, and the artificial muscle bond (sample 2) of which the surface was coated with the hyaluronic acid perfusion polyurea composite coating, respectively.
The antibacterial experiment method comprises the following steps: coli (E.coli) was inoculated into 10mL Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) in a Erlenmeyer flask, cultured in a constant temperature shaker for 12h (37 ℃ C. with a shaking rate of 200r/min), and then diluted to 1X 10 by Mach turbidimetry6CFU/mL of bacterial suspension. Samples 1 and 2, which were 10X 10mm in size, were placed in 12-well plates, and 1mL of the bacterial TSB suspension obtained above was added thereto, respectively, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. After incubation, the samples were gently washed with 0.9% NaCl solution to the surface of the coating, transferred to a new 12-well plate, and then cultured for 15min with 1mL of TSB medium and an appropriate amount of SYTO 9/PI stain.
The sample is placed in 10mL of 0.9% NaCl solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min (200W, 40kHz), bacteria adhered to the surface of the sample are promoted to be dispersed in the NaCl solution, then 100 mu L of the sample is used for observing the growth condition of the bacteria by a plating method, and the experimental results are repeated at least 3 times.
The bacteriostasis rate of the sample 1 is 3 percent, and the bacteriostasis rate of the sample 2 is 88 percent. Wherein the bacteriostasis rate is (diameter of control colony-diameter of treated colony)/(diameter of control colony-diameter of bacterial cake) multiplied by 100%. Wherein the control group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the gastroscope without any coating on the surface. The treatment group is the result of bacteriostatic experiment carried out on the sample 1 or 2.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1.医疗器械表面用的润滑涂层，其特征在于，其包括直接在医疗器械表面设置的润滑层，或者医疗器械表面设置的基层及在基层表面设置的润滑层；1. The lubricating coating used on the surface of the medical device is characterized in that, it comprises the lubricating layer that is directly arranged on the surface of the medical device, or the base layer that is arranged on the surface of the medical device and the lubricating layer that is arranged on the surface of the base layer; 所述基层选自铁电材料基层、油凝胶基层、水凝胶基层、硅胶基层或太阳能电池基层中的至少一种；The base layer is selected from at least one of ferroelectric material base layer, oil gel base layer, hydrogel base layer, silica gel base layer or solar cell base layer; 所述润滑层为直接在医疗器械表面或基层表面进行润滑液灌注所形成的润滑层。The lubricating layer is a lubricating layer formed by directly pouring lubricating liquid on the surface of the medical device or the surface of the base layer. 2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层，其特征在于，所述铁电材料基层选自由铁电聚合物、无机铁电材料中的至少一种基层材料所形成的涂层；2. The lubricating coating according to claim 1, wherein the ferroelectric material base layer is selected from the coating formed by at least one base layer material in ferroelectric polymer and inorganic ferroelectric material; 所述油凝胶基层选自由聚甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、聚甲基丙烯酸十八酯、聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、聚乙烯二氧噻吩中至少一种基层材料所形成的涂层；The oil-gel base layer is selected from the group consisting of poly-n-butyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polylauryl methacrylate, polystearyl methacrylate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyethylene A coating formed by at least one base material in dioxythiophene; 所述水凝胶基层选自纤维蛋白、纤维素、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠、透明质酸、聚醚氨酯、聚氨酯、弹性蛋白、明胶、琼脂、淀粉、纤维素、角叉菜胶、羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基甲壳素、聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶、聚甲基丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸、聚异丙基丙烯酰胺、聚赖氨酸、聚L-谷氨酸、聚天冬氨酸、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙二醇双丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乳酸、聚丙烯酰胺、聚马来酸酐及其衍生物中的一种或多种The hydrogel base layer is selected from fibrin, cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, polyether urethane, polyurethane, elastin, gelatin, agar, starch, cellulose, carrageenan, Carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl chitin, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic anhydride gelatin, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyisopropylacrylamide, polylysine, polyL- One of glutamic acid, polyaspartic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polylactic acid, polyacrylamide, polymaleic anhydride and its derivatives or more 所述硅胶基层选自由聚二甲基硅氧烷、硅橡胶、硅树脂、硅油、硅烷偶联剂、硫化硅橡胶、甲基硫化硅橡胶、硫化腈硅橡胶和硫化氟硅橡胶中至少一种基层材料所形成的涂层；The silica gel base layer is selected from at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, silicone rubber, silicone resin, silicone oil, silane coupling agent, vulcanized silicone rubber, methyl vulcanized silicone rubber, vulcanized nitrile silicone rubber and vulcanized fluorosilicone rubber The coating formed by the base material; 所述太阳能电池基层选自由制备太阳能电池光吸收层的材料作为基层材料所形成的涂层；The solar cell base layer is selected from the material used for preparing the solar cell light absorption layer as the coating formed by the base layer material; 优选地，所述铁电聚合物选自聚偏氟乙烯及其共聚物、聚四氟乙烯、碳原子数为奇数的尼龙、聚丙烯腈、聚酰亚胺、聚亚乙烯基二氰、聚脲、聚苯基氰基醚、聚氯乙烯、聚醋酸乙烯或聚丙烯中的一种或多种；更优选的，所述聚偏氟乙烯共聚物包括聚偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯共聚物、聚偏氟乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、聚偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物和聚偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯-氯氟乙烯共聚物；Preferably, the ferroelectric polymer is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon with an odd number of carbon atoms, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinylidene cyanide, poly One or more of urea, polyphenylcyanoether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate or polypropylene; more preferably, the polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer includes polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer , polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer; 优选地，所述无机铁电材料选自铋层状钙钛矿结构铁电体、钨青铜型铁电体和钙钛矿型有机金属卤化物铁电体中的一种或多种；更优选的，所述无机铁电材料选自钛酸铅、钛酸钡、铌酸钾、铌酸锂、钽酸锂、钛酸铋、铁酸铋、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸三甘酸氨和罗息盐中的一种或多种；Preferably, the inorganic ferroelectric material is selected from one or more of bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectrics, tungsten bronze ferroelectrics and perovskite organic metal halide ferroelectrics; more preferably The inorganic ferroelectric material is selected from the group consisting of lead titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, bismuth ferrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, triglycine ammonium sulfate and rhoic acid one or more of the salts; 优选地，制备太阳能电池光吸收层的材料选自单晶硅、多晶硅、非晶硅、铜铟硒、砷化镓、纳米TiO2晶体、聚甲氧基乙基己氧基苯撑乙烯撑、聚甲氧基二甲基辛氧基对苯撑乙撑、聚己基噻吩富勒烯、TiO2基染料敏化材料。Preferably, the material for preparing the light absorption layer of the solar cell is selected from the group consisting of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, copper indium selenide, gallium arsenide, nano-TiO 2 crystal, polymethoxyethylhexyloxyphenylene vinylene, Polymethoxydimethyloctyloxy-p-phenyleneethylene, polyhexylthiophenefullerene, TiO2 -based dye-sensitizing materials. 3.根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层，其特征在于，所述油凝胶选自聚甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、聚甲基丙烯酸十八酯、聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、聚乙烯二氧噻吩。3. The lubricating coating according to claim 1, wherein the oil gel is selected from the group consisting of poly-n-butyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polylauryl methacrylate, poly Octadecyl methacrylate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyethylene dioxythiophene. 4.根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层，其特征在于，所述基层为将基层材料与溶剂配成基层材料混合液，通过喷涂、浸涂、滴涂、旋涂或打印涂覆在医疗器械表面，并且去除溶剂后形成基层；4. The lubricating coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the base layer is a base layer material mixed solution prepared by a base layer material and a solvent, and is coated on the medical treatment by spraying, dipping, drip coating, spin coating or printing. The surface of the device, and the base layer is formed after the solvent is removed; 优选地，在去除溶剂后还包括对铁电材料基层、太阳能电池基层材料进行高压电晕极化的步骤；Preferably, after removing the solvent, it also includes the step of performing high-voltage corona polarization on the ferroelectric material base layer and the solar cell base layer material; 优选地，所述溶剂为水和有机溶剂；Preferably, the solvent is water and an organic solvent; 优选地，基层材料混合液中基层材料的质量浓度为1％-50％。Preferably, the mass concentration of the base material in the base material mixed solution is 1%-50%. 5.根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层，其特征在于，所述润滑液灌注包括通过植物油、乙二醇、全氟聚醚、矿物油、丙三醇、石蜡、聚氨酯、丙烯酸聚氨酯、碘乙酸、甘露醇、二十碳五烯酸、褐藻胶、海藻酸、粘多糖、透明质酸、胶原蛋白、弹力蛋白、尿囊素、葡萄糖醛酸、甘醇酸、骨胶原、蘑菇液、大黄素硅油中的至少一种进行浸泡；5. The lubricating coating according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating liquid infusion comprises vegetable oil, ethylene glycol, perfluoropolyether, mineral oil, glycerol, paraffin, polyurethane, acrylic polyurethane, iodine Acetic acid, mannitol, eicosapentaenoic acid, alginate, alginic acid, mucopolysaccharide, hyaluronic acid, collagen, elastin, allantoin, glucuronic acid, glycolic acid, collagen, mushroom liquid, rhubarb Soak at least one of the plain silicone oils; 优选地，所述润滑层的厚度为1nm-1000μm、例如为10nm、20nm、30nm、50nm、100nm、200nm、300nm、400nm、500nm、600nm、700nm、800nm、900nm、1μm、5μm、10μm、20μm、30μm、50μm、100μm、20μm、30μm、50μm、100μm、200μm、300μm、400μm、500μm、600μm、700μm、800μm、900μm。Preferably, the thickness of the lubricating layer is 1 nm-1000 μm, such as 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30μm, 50μm, 100μm, 20μm, 30μm, 50μm, 100μm, 200μm, 300μm, 400μm, 500μm, 600μm, 700μm, 800μm, 900μm. 6.根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层，其特征在于，所述医疗器械为直接用于受试者的仪器、设备、器具及材料；6. The lubricating coating according to claim 1, wherein the medical device is an instrument, equipment, appliance and material directly used in a subject; 优选地，所述医疗器械中的一部分或全部部件设置在受试者体内或者应用时进入受试者体内；Preferably, a part or all of the components of the medical device are disposed in the body of the subject or enter the body of the subject during application; 优选地，所述医疗器械为检测用医疗器械、治疗用医疗器械，更优选为接触镜、植入用导管、支架、人造关节、骨科用固定钉、导尿管、阴道内、消化道器械、胃管、乙状结肠镜、结肠镜、胃镜、气管内管、支气管镜、义齿、畸齿矫正器、宫内避孕器、烧伤组织敷料、口腔敷料、治疗器械、腹腔镜、关节内窥镜、齿科充填材料、人工肌键、人工喉以及骨膜下植入物；Preferably, the medical device is a medical device for detection, a medical device for treatment, more preferably a contact lens, an implantable catheter, a stent, an artificial joint, an orthopedic nail, a urinary catheter, an intravaginal device, a digestive tract device, Gastric tube, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, gastroscope, endotracheal tube, bronchoscopy, dentures, orthodontic devices, intrauterine devices, burn tissue dressings, oral dressings, therapeutic devices, laparoscopy, arthroscopy, dentistry Filling materials, artificial muscle bonds, artificial larynx and subperiosteal implants; 优选地，所述医疗器械由金、银、铂、钯、铝、铜、钢、钽、镁、镍、铬、铁、镍钛合金、钴铬合金、高氮无镍不锈钢、钴铬钼合金、砷化镓、钛、羟基磷灰石、磷酸三钙、聚乳酸、碳纤维、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚ε-(己内酯)、聚酸酐、聚原酸酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸、聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、聚(环氧乙烷)-聚(环氧丙烷)-聚(环氧乙烷)、聚四氟乙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、硝化纤维、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯、聚醚醚酮、氧化硅、氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化铌、有机硅、硅橡胶以及玻璃中的至少一种材料制备而成。Preferably, the medical device is made of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, copper, steel, tantalum, magnesium, nickel, chromium, iron, nickel-titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, high nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy , gallium arsenide, titanium, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, polylactic acid, carbon fiber, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyε-(caprolactone), polyanhydride, polyorthoester, Polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid, polyN-isopropylacrylamide, poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide), polytetrafluoroethylene , polycarbonate, polyurethane, nitrocellulose, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyetheretherketone , silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, organosilicon, silicone rubber and glass are prepared from at least one material. 7.根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层，其特征在于，所述基层的厚度为100nm-1mm，优选为100nm-100μm。7 . The lubricating coating according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the base layer is 100 nm-1 mm, preferably 100 nm-100 μm. 8 . 8.权利要求1-7任一项所述医疗器械表面用的润滑涂层的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：8. the preparation method of the lubricating coating for medical device surface described in any one of claim 1-7, described preparation method comprises the following steps: 方案一：Option One: 直接在医疗器械表面设置的润滑层：在医疗器械表面进行润滑液灌注形成润滑层；或者Lubricating layer directly arranged on the surface of the medical device: the lubricating layer is formed by infusion of the lubricating liquid on the surface of the medical device; or 方案二：Option II: 1)在医疗器械表面设置基层：将基层材料配成基层材料混合液，通过喷涂、浸涂、滴涂、旋涂或打印涂覆在医疗器械表面，并且去除溶剂后形成基层；1) Setting the base layer on the surface of the medical device: the base layer material is formulated into a base layer material mixture, which is coated on the surface of the medical device by spraying, dip coating, drop coating, spin coating or printing, and the base layer is formed after removing the solvent; 2)在基层表面设置的润滑层：在基层表面进行润滑液灌注形成润滑层；2) The lubricating layer set on the surface of the base layer: the lubricating liquid is poured on the surface of the base layer to form a lubricating layer; 进一步地，方案二步骤1)中，在去除溶剂后还包括对铁电材料基层、太阳能电池基层材料进行高压电晕极化的步骤。Further, in step 1) of the second scheme, after removing the solvent, the step of performing high voltage corona polarization on the ferroelectric material base layer and the solar cell base layer material is also included. 9.一种具有润滑和抗菌性能的医疗器械，所述医疗器械表面具有权利要求1-7任一项所述医疗器械表面用的润滑涂层，或者通过权利要求8所述制备方法在医疗器械设置了医疗器械表面用的润滑涂层。9. A medical device with lubricating and antibacterial properties, the surface of the medical device has a lubricating coating for the surface of the medical device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the medical device is coated on the medical device by the preparation method according to claim 8. A lubricating coating for medical device surfaces is provided. 10.权利要求1-7任一项所述医疗器械表面用的润滑涂层，或者通过权利要求8所述制备方法获得的润滑涂层在制备抑制细菌黏附的医疗器械中的应用。10. The lubricating coating for the surface of a medical device according to any one of claims 1-7, or the application of the lubricating coating obtained by the preparation method according to claim 8 in the preparation of a medical device for inhibiting bacterial adhesion. 11.一种医疗器械表面用涂层组合物，所述组合物包含独立设置的基层材料，以及润滑油；优选地，所述涂层组合物中还包含溶剂。11. A coating composition for the surface of a medical device, the composition comprising an independently arranged base material and a lubricating oil; preferably, the coating composition further comprises a solvent.
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