CN113488677B - A kind of energy-saving decompression device and control method for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving pressure reducing device for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile and a control method, wherein a sleeve is connected in series on a hydrogen pipeline, and the sleeve is connected with the hydrogen pipeline in a sealing way; a conductor coil is embedded in the sleeve; the rotor is rotatably arranged in the sleeve, the rotor is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the rotor is not less than that of the hydrogen pipeline; permanent magnets are embedded on the rotor; the helical blade is arranged in the inner hole of the rotor and fixedly connected with the rotor; the pressure reducing valve is connected in series with the hydrogen pipeline and is positioned at the downstream of the sleeve; one end of the communicating hole is communicated with a hydrogen pipeline which flows upwards from the sleeve, and the other end of the communicating hole is communicated with a hydrogen pipeline at the downstream of the pressure reducing valve; the communicating hole passes through the sleeve; the control valve is installed on the communication hole for controlling the connection and disconnection of the communication hole. The invention can further improve the energy recovery rate of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.

Description

A kind of energy-saving decompression device and control method for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, in particular to an energy-saving decompression device and a control method for the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

Background technique

With the development of technology, new energy vehicle technology has developed rapidly. Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles have begun to be widely used. However, due to the limitations of battery technology, the battery life of pure electric vehicles still needs to be improved. In the prior art, energy recovery and utilization are usually achieved by braking energy, so as to improve the cruising ability of the vehicle. The braking energy recovery device can also be applied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell vehicles.

On a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell vehicle, a high-pressure hydrogen tank needs to be placed. When in use, high-pressure hydrogen needs to be decompressed through a pressure reducing valve and then used again. In the prior art, the compressed energy of high-pressure hydrogen is released in vain at the pressure reducing valve, and is not recovered.

How to further improve the energy recovery rate of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells is one of the important problems to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving decompression device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, which can further improve the energy recovery rate of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells.

The present invention provides an energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which includes:

a sleeve, the sleeve is connected to the hydrogen pipeline in series, and the sleeve is sealed with the hydrogen pipeline; the sleeve is embedded with a conductor coil;

a rotor, which is rotatably installed in the sleeve, the rotor is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the rotor is not less than the inner diameter of the hydrogen pipeline; a permanent magnet is embedded on the rotor;

a helical blade, the helical blade is installed in the inner hole of the rotor, and the helical blade is fixedly connected with the rotor;

a pressure reducing valve, which is connected in series on the hydrogen pipeline and is located downstream of the sleeve;

A communication hole, one end of the communication hole is communicated with the hydrogen pipeline upstream of the sleeve, and the other end of the communication hole is communicated with the hydrogen pipeline downstream of the pressure reducing valve; the communication hole passes through the sleeve Tube;

and a control valve, which is installed on the communication hole and used to control the connection and disconnection of the communication hole.

The energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as described above, wherein, optionally, a support rod is also included;

The number of turns of the helical blade is 1 to 3 turns;

The outer edge of the helical blade is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rotor;

The inner edge of the bolt blade is fixedly connected with the outer periphery of the support rod.

The energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as described above, wherein, optionally, the decompression valve includes a housing;

The inside of the shell is cylindrical;

The inner wall of the casing is provided with an annular groove to form a decompression chamber whose two ends are respectively connected with the upstream and downstream hydrogen pipelines; and a first limit portion and a second position are formed on both sides of the decompression chamber. Limiting portion, the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are both annular; the first limiting portion is located upstream of the decompression chamber, and the second limiting portion is located at the downstream of the pressure chamber;

A decompression piston is slidably arranged in the decompression chamber, and the outer periphery of the decompression piston is sealedly connected with the inner wall of the decompression chamber;

The shell is provided with a decompression hole, one end of the decompression hole is located on the inner wall of the decompression cavity, and the other end of the decompression hole is located on the side of the inner hole of the second limiting part on the wall;

The decompression chamber is further provided with a decompression spring, one end of the decompression spring is fixedly connected to the decompression piston, and the other end of the decompression spring is fixedly connected to the second limiting portion.

The above-mentioned energy-saving decompression device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, wherein, optionally, the natural length of the decompression spring is smaller than the axial dimension of the decompression chamber and the axis of the decompression piston. difference in size.

The energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as described above, wherein, optionally, one end of the decompression hole located on the inner wall of the decompression cavity has a bar-shaped opening, and the bar-shaped opening The length direction of the sleeve is consistent with the length direction of the sleeve.

The energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as described above, wherein, optionally, the decompression piston is provided with a throttle hole, and the sectional area of the throttle hole is smaller than that of the decompression hole cross-sectional area.

In the energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as described above, optionally, the cross-sectional area of the decompression hole is not greater than a quarter of the cross-sectional area of the communication hole.

The energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as described above, wherein, optionally, it also includes an adjustment component;

the adjustment assembly includes a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring;

The first magnetic ring is fixedly installed on the decompression spring, and the first magnetic ring is located in the middle of the decompression spring;

the second magnetic ring is mounted on the outer circumference of the casing, and the second magnetic ring is screwed to the outer circumference of the casing;

The magnetic pole of the first magnetic ring is along the radial direction of the first magnetic ring, and the magnetic pole of the second magnetic ring is along the radial direction of the second magnetic ring;

Moreover, the magnetic poles on the outer wall side of the first magnetic ring are different from the magnetic poles on the inner wall side of the second magnetic ring.

The present invention also provides a control method for an energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which is used in the device according to any one of claims 1-8;

It includes the following steps:

Obtain the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank;

Obtain the hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell under the current working conditions, the pressure drop generated by the hydrogen passing through the rotor when the rotor is stationary, the hydrogen mass flow rate, the hydrogen density in the throttle hole, and the difference between the rotor and the pressure reducing valve. hydrogen pressure at

Judging whether the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank satisfies the energy-saving conditions;

If yes, close the control valve, if no, open the control valve.

More specifically, the energy saving conditions are:

and,

Among them, P _tank is the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank, P _{needs to} be the hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell under the current working conditions; ΔP is the pressure drop generated by the hydrogen passing through the rotor when the rotor is stationary; C is a constant ; λ is the friction coefficient when hydrogen passes through the orifice, L is the length of the orifice, W _G is the hydrogen mass flow rate, d is the diameter of the orifice; ρ is the hydrogen density in the orifice;

L _s is the distance between the decompression piston and the first limit part; P _is the hydrogen pressure between the rotor and the decompression valve; K is the elastic modulus of the decompression spring, and S is the cross-sectional area of the decompression piston.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

1. By connecting a casing in series on the hydrogen pipeline, and sealingly connecting the casing and the hydrogen pipeline; rotating and installing the rotor in the casing, since the rotor is cylindrical and the rotor is fixedly connected with a spiral blade, the use of hydrogen The airflow drives the helical blades to rotate, thereby driving the rotor to rotate. Since the rotating shaft is embedded with a permanent magnet, when the rotating shaft rotates, the coil fixed on the sleeve cuts the magnetic field lines to generate electric energy. Thereby, energy recovery is performed on the compression potential energy of high-pressure hydrogen;

2. By setting a pressure reducing valve downstream of the casing, when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is too large, the pressure reducing valve is used for secondary pressure reduction to ensure that the pressure drop is satisfied. A communication hole is arranged, and a control valve is arranged on the communication hole, and the communication between the upstream of the casing and the downstream of the pressure reducing valve is controlled by the control valve, so that when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is low, more hydrogen can still be discharged;

3. By setting the adjustment component, the decompression spring can be adjusted to change the force required to push the decompression piston, so as to ensure that the decompressed hydrogen can be kept within the set range.

4. The control method proposed by the present invention controls the control valve according to whether the hydrogen pressure meets the energy-saving conditions, so that when the energy-saving conditions are met, the control valve is opened to perform energy recovery, and when the energy-saving conditions are not met, the control valve is closed. The above-mentioned control valve ensures the normal supply of hydrogen.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axonometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is A-A in Fig. 2 sectional view;

Fig. 4 is the left side view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is B-B in Fig. 4 sectional view;

Fig. 6 is the structural principle diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the step flow chart of the control method of the energy-saving decompression device proposed by the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of steps in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-sleeve, 2-hydrogen pipeline, 3-rotor, 4-permanent magnet, 5-spiral blade, 6-pressure reducing valve, 7-communication hole, 8-control valve, 9-support rod , 10-adjustment components;

101-first magnetic ring, 102-second magnetic ring,

61-shell, 62-decompression chamber, 63-first limit part, 64-second limit part, 65-decompression piston,

611 - Pressure relief hole, 612 - Bar opening,

621 - Decompression Spring,

651 - Orifice.

Detailed ways

The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, but not to be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7 , this embodiment proposes an energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which includes a sleeve 1 , a rotor 3 , a spiral blade 5 , a decompression valve 6 , and a communication hole 7 and control valve 8. Wherein, the sleeve 1 and the rotor 3 form a relatively rotating structure. The helical blade 5 is fixedly installed in the rotor 3, and the helical blade 5 is used to drive the rotor 3 to rotate under the driving of the airflow; The pressure is reduced to the set range. By setting the control valve 8, the control valve 8 is opened when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is low, or when the hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is high. In order to preferentially meet the hydrogen pressure required by the fuel cell.

The sleeve 1 is connected to the hydrogen pipeline 2 in series, and the sleeve 1 and the hydrogen pipeline 2 are sealedly connected; the wall of the sleeve 1 is embedded with a conductor coil. During implementation, the conductor coils are copper coils, and there are multiple conductor coils, each conductor coil is wound by multiple turns of copper wire, and the multiple conductor coils are arrayed along the circumference of the center line of the sleeve 1 . In a specific implementation, the distance between the conductor coil and the center line of the sleeve 1 is greater than the inner diameter of the sleeve 1 by at least 3 mm. And the sleeve 1 is made of insulating material.

The arrangement of the copper coils is based on the fact that each of the copper coils can cut the magnetic field line when the rotor 3 rotates. The copper coils are connected in series, in parallel or mixed, and the steel coils lead out wires to be charged into the battery through an inverter or other components, or directly supplied to vehicle electrical components.

Further, the rotor 3 is rotatably installed in the sleeve 1, the rotor 3 is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the rotor 3 is not less than the inner diameter of the hydrogen pipeline 2; Permanent magnets 4 are provided. Specifically, the number of the permanent magnets 4 is multiple, and the multiple permanent magnets 4 are distributed in a circular array along the center line of the rotor 3. For example, in the circumferential direction, 3 to 6 rows of permanent magnets may be provided, and each row The permanent magnets may be provided in multiples, such as 4 or 5; during implementation, the direction of the magnetic pole connection line of the permanent magnets 4 is consistent with the radial direction of the rotor. During implementation, the rotor 3 may be rotatably connected with the sleeve 2 through a bearing.

Specifically, the helical blade 5 is installed in the inner hole of the rotor 3 , and the helical blade 5 is fixedly connected with the rotor 3 ; that is, the outer edge of the helical blade 5 is connected to the rotor 3 The inner hole wall is fixedly connected.

Further, the pressure reducing valve 6 is connected in series on the hydrogen pipeline 2 and is located downstream of the sleeve 1 . By setting the decompression valve 6, the hydrogen gas can be further decompressed, so as to ensure that the pressure can be lowered to a generally required range.

Further, one end of the communication hole 7 is communicated with the hydrogen pipeline 2 upstream of the sleeve 1, and the other end of the communication hole 7 is communicated with the hydrogen pipeline 2 downstream of the pressure reducing valve 6; the The communication hole 7 passes through the sleeve 1 ; the control valve 8 is installed on the communication hole 7 to control the connection and disconnection of the communication hole 7 .

In specific use, when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is high, the control valve is closed, and when the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen tank passes through the inner hole of the rotor 3, the helical blade 5 is driven to rotate, and the helical blade 5 drives the The rotor 3 rotates, so that the copper coil cuts the magnetic wire to generate electric energy, thereby realizing energy recovery. When the pressure in the hydrogen tank is low, the control valve is opened, and the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen tank enters the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell mainly through the communication hole 7, so as to ensure the normal supply of hydrogen as a priority. In this way, when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is high, the energy recovery of the compression potential energy of the hydrogen can be performed, and when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is low, energy recovery is not performed, so as to ensure the normal supply of the hydrogen tank.

In actual use, in order to ensure that the helical blade 5 can generate a large rotational moment when it is impacted by hydrogen, a support rod 9 is also included; the number of turns of the helical blade 5 is 1 to 3 turns; The outer edge is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rotor 3 ; the inner edge of the bolt blade is fixedly connected with the outer periphery of the support rod 9 . During implementation, the number of turns of the helical blade 5 is preferably 2, and the pitch is equal to the diameter of the inner hole of the rotor 3, so as to ensure that the helical blade 5 can convert more energy into a spiral when it is impacted by hydrogen. Rotation moment of blade 5. The support rod 9 is arranged coaxially with the inner hole of the rotor 3 . And in a specific implementation, the upstream end of the support rod 9 is tapered. In order to reduce the resistance of the support rod 9 to the hydrogen gas, on the other hand, in order to further reduce the resistance during the decompression process, the thickness of the helical blade 5 is gradually reduced along the upstream direction.

During the specific implementation, in order to ensure that the decompression requirements are absolutely met and the decompressed hydrogen gas can meet the intake requirements of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the decompression valve 6 is redesigned in this embodiment, and the decompression valve 6 Including a casing 61; the casing 61 is cylindrical;

An annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the housing 61 to form a decompression chamber 62 whose two ends are respectively communicated with the upstream and downstream hydrogen pipelines 2 ; and a first limit is formed on both sides of the decompression chamber 62 The first limiting portion 63 and the second limiting portion 64 are both annular; the first limiting portion 63 is located upstream of the decompression chamber 62, so The second limiting portion 64 is located downstream of the decompression chamber 62 ; the decompression chamber 62 is slidably provided with a decompression piston 65 , and the outer periphery of the decompression piston 65 is sealed with the inner wall of the decompression chamber 62 connection; the housing 61 is provided with a decompression hole 611, one end of the decompression hole 611 is located on the inner wall of the decompression cavity 62, and the other end of the decompression hole 611 is located at the second limit On the side wall of the inner hole of the position part 64; the decompression chamber 62 is also provided with a decompression spring 621, one end of the decompression spring 621 is fixedly connected with the decompression piston 65, and the decompression spring 621 The other end is fixedly connected with the second limiting portion 64 .

Referring to FIG. 7 , the decompression principle is: when the pressure on the upstream side of the decompression piston is large, the decompression piston 65 is pushed to move toward the position close to the second limiting portion 64 until the decompression hole is 611 is communicated with the upstream side of the decompression piston 65. At this time, the high-pressure hydrogen gas on the upstream side enters the downstream side through the decompression hole 611. At this time, the pressure on the downstream side increases. When the pressure on the downstream side and the decompression spring 621 When the sum of the pressures on the upstream side is greater than the pressure on the upstream side, the pressure reducing piston 65 moves to the upstream side to block the pressure reducing hole 611. At this time, the elastic force of the pressure reducing spring 621 is also reduced. When the sum of the pressure on the downstream side and the pressure on the decompression spring 621 is lower than the pressure on the upstream side, the pressure on the upstream side pushes the decompression piston 65 to move to the downstream side. This is repeated so as to achieve a secondary pressure reduction.

During design, the natural length of the decompression spring 621 is smaller than the difference between the axial dimension of the decompression chamber 62 and the axial dimension of the decompression piston 65 . At the same time, in order to ensure that the decompression piston 65 can block the decompression piston 65, in a natural state, that is, when the upstream and downstream hydrogen pressures are both 0, the decompression piston 65 is located at the first end of the decompression hole 611. upstream. Of course, in practical application, it should also be considered that when the decompression piston 65 reaches the first end of the decompression hole 611 , the compressed amount of the decompression spring 621 should meet the design expectation.

During implementation, in order to realize that the decompression spring 621 can have a relatively precise adjustment capability, and at the same time, to prevent the pressure fluctuation after adjustment from being small, the end of the decompression hole 611 located on the inner wall of the decompression cavity 62 has a strip shape. The opening 612, the length direction of the strip opening 612 is consistent with the length direction of the sleeve 1. In a specific implementation, the area of each section of the decompression hole 611 is substantially equal or the section of the decompression hole 611 at the strip-shaped opening 612 is the smallest. In a specific implementation, a pipe fitting having the decompression hole 611 may be manufactured first, and then the pipe fitting and the casing 61 are integrally formed.

More specifically, the decompression piston 65 is provided with an orifice 651 , and the cross-sectional area of the orifice 651 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the decompression hole 611 . The design of the orifice 651, the design of the orifice 651, should strictly control the aperture, and the aperture should not be larger than 2mm during implementation; The number should not be greater than 5. The design of the orifice 651 aims to further reduce the fluctuation of the pressure drop and ensure the stability of the hydrogen supply.

During implementation, the cross-sectional area of the decompression hole 611 is not greater than a quarter of the cross-sectional area of the communication hole 7 . In this way, by restricting the cross section of the decompression hole 611 , it is advantageous to further improve the decompression capability of the decompression valve 6 . During implementation, the area of the minimum cross-sectional area of the decompression hole 611 is not greater than a quarter of the minimum cross-sectional area of the communication hole 7 . For the same structure, further, the communication hole 7 can also be made by integral molding of a pipe with a hole and other components. Separate piping is also possible.

It should be noted that, during implementation, the thickness of the decompression piston 65 is greater than the length of the strip opening 612 .

Example 2

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 , this embodiment is an improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1, including all the content in Embodiment 1, the difference is that this embodiment adds the following content.

Specifically, compared with Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes an adjustment assembly 10; the adjustment assembly 10 is used to adjust the prestress of the decompression spring 621, thereby increasing or decreasing the pressure difference required to move the decompression piston 65 . Specifically, the adjustment assembly 10 includes a first magnetic ring 101 and a second magnetic ring 102; the first magnetic ring 101 is fixedly mounted on the decompression spring 621, and the first magnetic ring 101 is located in the The middle of the decompression spring 621; the second magnetic ring 102 is mounted on the outer circumference of the housing 61, and the second magnetic ring 102 is screwed to the outer circumference of the housing 61; the first magnetic ring The magnetic pole of 101 is along the radial direction of the first magnetic ring 101, and the magnetic pole of the second magnetic ring 102 is along the radial direction of the second magnetic ring 102; The magnetic poles on the inner wall side of the second magnetic ring 102 are different. That is, by changing the position of the second magnetic ring 102, the magnitude and direction of the magnetic force received by the first magnetic ring 101 can be changed, and the pressure difference required to move the decompression piston 65 can be adjusted to a certain extent. Of course, this is not an accurate adjustment. When the pressure in the hydrogen tank is too small, the second magnetic ring can be adjusted in the downstream direction, and when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is high, the second magnetic ring can be adjusted in the upstream direction. Two magnetic rings.

The adjustment of the second magnetic ring 102 can be driven by other components. Of course, the second magnetic ring 102 can also be slidably connected with the outer circumference of the housing 61, so that the second magnetic ring 102 can be driven by other driving components. The two magnetic rings 102 remain in the adjusted position.

During the specific implementation, both ends of the energy-saving decompression device are provided with connecting heads for connecting with the hydrogen pipeline.

It should be pointed out that in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle, wherein the structure is not completely corresponding to Fig. 1-6, and is mainly used to explain and illustrate the working principle of the device, so different The structure of the angle is drawn in the same figure, but its working principle and inventive idea are the same as the devices disclosed in Figures 1-6. Regarding the control valve, which is not shown in FIGS. 1-6 , its position can refer to the position in FIG.

Example 3

Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , this embodiment proposes a control method for an energy-saving decompression device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which is used for the device described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2;

It includes the following steps:

S1, obtain the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank; specifically, it can be obtained through a pressure sensor installed in the hydrogen tank.

S2, obtain the hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell under the current working condition, the pressure drop generated by the hydrogen passing through the rotor when the rotor is stationary, the hydrogen mass flow rate, the hydrogen density in the throttle hole, and the pressure drop for the rotor and the pressure reducing valve The hydrogen pressure in between; in specific implementation, the hydrogen pressure required under the current working conditions can be obtained through the vehicle controller. The hydrogen mass flow rate can be obtained from the flow sensor, and the hydrogen density in the orifice can be obtained from the preset relationship table of hydrogen density, pressure, and flow hydrogen mass flow rate, of course. The hydrogen pressure between the rotor and the pressure reducing valve can be obtained by the pressure sensor.

S3, judging whether the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank satisfies the energy saving condition; if yes, close the control valve, if not, open the control valve. When the control valve is closed, the rotor can be rotated under the driving of the hydrogen gas flow, thereby generating electric energy, and realizing the conversion of the compression potential energy of the high-pressure hydrogen into electric energy for recycling. When the control valve is opened, only a small amount of hydrogen flows through the rotor, and more hydrogen flows through the communication hole 7, that is, when the pressure in the hydrogen tank 3 is low, the communication hole 7 can ensure that the hydrogen is provided It can be successfully supplied to the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.

In specific implementation, the energy saving conditions are:

and,

Among them, P _tank is the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank, P _{needs to} be the hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell under the current working conditions; ΔP is the pressure drop generated by the hydrogen passing through the rotor when the rotor is stationary; C is a constant ; λ is the friction coefficient when hydrogen passes through the orifice, L is the length of the orifice, W _G is the hydrogen mass flow rate, d is the diameter of the orifice; ρ is the hydrogen density in the orifice;

L _s is the distance between the decompression piston and the first limit part; P _is the hydrogen pressure between the rotor and the decompression valve; K is the elastic modulus of the decompression spring, and S is the cross-sectional area of the decompression piston.

During implementation, it also includes the following steps: judging whether the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank is greater than the first preset pressure value, and if so, driving the second magnetic ring to move in the upstream direction and move to the first set position;

Determine whether the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank is less than the second preset pressure value, and if so, drive the second magnetic ring to move in the downstream direction and move to the second set position; the first preset pressure value greater than the second preset pressure value.

Through the above-mentioned embodiments 1, 2, and 3, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

1. By connecting a casing in series on the hydrogen pipeline, and sealingly connecting the casing and the hydrogen pipeline; rotating and installing the rotor in the casing, since the rotor is cylindrical and the rotor is fixedly connected with a spiral blade, the use of hydrogen The airflow drives the helical blades to rotate, thereby driving the rotor to rotate. Since the rotating shaft is embedded with a permanent magnet, when the rotating shaft rotates, the coil fixed on the sleeve cuts the magnetic field lines to generate electric energy. Thereby, energy recovery is performed on the compression potential energy of high-pressure hydrogen;

2. By setting a pressure reducing valve downstream of the casing, when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is too large, the pressure reducing valve is used for secondary pressure reduction to ensure that the pressure drop is satisfied. A communication hole is set, and a control valve is set on the communication hole, and the communication between the upstream of the casing and the downstream of the pressure reducing valve is controlled by the control valve, so that when the pressure in the hydrogen tank is low, more hydrogen can still be discharged;

3. By setting the adjustment component, the decompression spring can be adjusted to change the force required to push the decompression piston, so as to ensure that the decompressed hydrogen can be kept within the set range.

4. The control method proposed by the present invention controls the control valve according to whether the hydrogen pressure meets the energy-saving conditions, so that when the energy-saving conditions are met, the control valve is opened to perform energy recovery, and when the energy-saving conditions are not met, the control valve is closed. The above-mentioned control valve ensures the normal supply of hydrogen.

The structure, features and effects of the present invention have been described in detail above according to the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the drawings. Changes made to the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as they do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings.

Claims (4)

1. An energy-saving pressure reducing device for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile is characterized by comprising,

the sleeve (1) is connected to the hydrogen pipeline (2) in series, and the sleeve (1) is connected with the hydrogen pipeline (2) in a sealing mode; a conductor coil is embedded in the sleeve (1);

the rotor (3) is rotatably arranged in the sleeve (1), the rotor (3) is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the rotor (3) is not smaller than that of the hydrogen pipeline (2); the rotor (3) is embedded with a permanent magnet (4);

the spiral blade (5), the spiral blade (5) is installed in the inner hole of the rotor (3), and the spiral blade (5) is fixedly connected with the rotor (3);

the pressure reducing valve (6), the said pressure reducing valve (6) connects in series on the said hydrogen pipeline (2), and locate at the downstream of the said bush (1);

a communication hole (7), one end of the communication hole (7) is communicated with the hydrogen pipeline (2) at the upstream of the sleeve (1), and the other end of the communication hole (7) is communicated with the hydrogen pipeline (2) at the downstream of the pressure reducing valve (6); the communication hole (7) passes through the sleeve (1);

a control valve (8), wherein the control valve (8) is arranged on the communication hole (7) and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the communication hole (7);

also comprises a support rod (9);

the number of turns of the helical blade (5) is 1 to 3;

the outer edge of the helical blade (5) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rotor (3);

the inner edge of the helical blade (5) is fixedly connected with the periphery of the support rod (9);

the pressure reducing valve (6) comprises a housing (61);

the inside of the shell (61) is cylindrical;

an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the shell (61) to form a decompression cavity (62) with two ends respectively communicated with the upstream hydrogen pipeline and the downstream hydrogen pipeline (2); a first limiting part (63) and a second limiting part (64) are formed on two sides of the decompression cavity (62), and the first limiting part (63) and the second limiting part (64) are both annular; the first stopper portion (63) is located upstream of the decompression chamber (62), and the second stopper portion (64) is located downstream of the decompression chamber (62);

a decompression piston (65) is arranged in the decompression cavity (62) in a sliding mode, and the periphery of the decompression piston (65) is connected with the inner wall of the decompression cavity (62) in a sealing mode;

a pressure reducing hole (611) is formed in the shell (61), one end of the pressure reducing hole (611) is located on the inner wall of the pressure reducing cavity (62), and the other end of the pressure reducing hole (611) is located on the side wall of the inner hole of the second limiting part (64);

a pressure reducing spring (621) is further arranged in the pressure reducing cavity (62), one end of the pressure reducing spring (621) is fixedly connected with the pressure reducing piston (65), and the other end of the pressure reducing spring (621) is fixedly connected with the second limiting part (64);

an orifice (651) is arranged on the decompression piston (65), and the cross section of the orifice (651) is smaller than that of the decompression hole (611);

one end of the decompression hole (611) positioned on the inner wall of the decompression cavity (62) is provided with a strip-shaped opening (612), and the length direction of the strip-shaped opening (612) is consistent with the length direction of the sleeve (1); the areas of the respective cross-sections of the pressure relief holes (611) are substantially equal or the cross-section of the pressure relief holes (611) at the strip-shaped opening (612) is smallest;

the device control method comprises the following steps:

acquiring the pressure of hydrogen in the hydrogen tank;

acquiring hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell under the current working condition, pressure drop generated by hydrogen passing through the rotor when the rotor is static, hydrogen mass flow rate, hydrogen density in a throttling hole and hydrogen pressure between the rotor and a pressure reducing valve;

judging whether the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank meets the energy-saving condition or not;

if yes, closing the control valve, and if not, opening the control valve;

wherein the energy-saving condition is as follows:

and the number of the first and second electrodes,

wherein, P _{Pot for storing food} Is the pressure of hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank, P _{Need to} The hydrogen pressure required by the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell under the current working condition; delta P _{Rotating device} A pressure drop created by hydrogen gas passing through the rotor when the rotor is stationary; c is a constant; λ is the coefficient of friction of hydrogen gas passing through the orifice, L is the length of the orifice, W _G D is the diameter of the orifice, for hydrogen mass flow rate; rho is the density of hydrogen in the throttling hole;

ls is the distance between the decompression piston and the first limiting part; p is _{In (1)} Is the hydrogen pressure between the rotor and the pressure reducing valve; k is the elastic modulus of the decompression spring, and S is the sectional area of the decompression piston.

2. The energy-saving pressure reducing device for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile according to claim 1, wherein a natural length of the pressure reducing spring (621) is smaller than a difference between an axial dimension of the pressure reducing chamber (62) and an axial dimension of the pressure reducing piston (65), and the pressure reducing piston (65) is located upstream of the first end of the pressure reducing hole (611) in a natural state.

3. The energy-saving type pressure reducing device for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile according to claim 1, wherein a sectional area of the pressure reducing hole (611) is not more than a quarter of a sectional area of the communication hole (7).

4. The energy-saving pressure reducing device for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a regulating assembly (10);

the adjusting assembly (10) comprises a first magnetic ring (101) and a second magnetic ring (102);

the first magnetic ring (101) is fixedly arranged on the pressure reducing spring (621), and the first magnetic ring (101) is positioned in the middle of the pressure reducing spring (621);

the second magnetic ring (102) is arranged on the periphery of the shell (61), and the second magnetic ring (102) is in threaded connection with the periphery of the shell (61);

the magnetic pole of the first magnetic ring (101) is along the radial direction of the first magnetic ring (101), and the magnetic pole of the second magnetic ring (102) is along the radial direction of the second magnetic ring (102);

and the magnetic pole at the outer wall side of the first magnetic ring (101) is different from the magnetic pole at the inner wall side of the second magnetic ring (102).

Images