Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a ratchet locking device of the type that realizes locking and unlocking of an external object by a pull pawl by pushing a push rod, which can reduce participation of electrical components and reduce costs while ensuring high reliability.
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a ratchet-like locking device, comprising a lock housing, a slider, a push rod, a tail plate, a pull claw, a guide pin, a cantilever rod, a latch and a positioning block, wherein:
the sliding block is mounted on the lock shell through a sliding rail, the sliding rail longitudinally extends in the left-right direction, the push rod and the tail plate are mounted on the sliding block, and one end of the push rod is exposed out of the lock shell from a first notch in the lock shell;
the pull claw is hinged on the lock shell through a first hinge shaft extending along the front-back direction of a central line, a second notch facilitating the locking part of the pull claw to be exposed out of the lock shell is arranged on the lock shell, and a guide sliding groove is arranged on the tail plate and provided with a chute inclined relative to the horizontal plane;
the guide pin is arranged on the pull claw and extends into the guide sliding groove to drive the pull claw to rotate around the central line of the first hinge shaft when the tail plate moves left and right, so that the locking part of the pull claw is exposed out of the lock shell to lock an external object or retracts into the lock shell to release the locking of the external object;
the locating block is arranged on the lock shell and is provided with a guide groove, one end of the cantilever rod is hinged on the sliding block through a second hinge shaft, the other end of the cantilever rod is movably penetrated with the bayonet lock, one end of the bayonet lock extends into the guide groove and abuts against the groove bottom of the guide groove, the guide groove is provided with an advancing section, a locking section, an unlocking section and a retreating section which are sequentially connected end to end, and the connecting parts of the advancing section, the locking section, the unlocking section and the retreating section are respectively provided with steps which enable the bayonet lock to move only along a set path but not against the set path, wherein the movement along the set path means that the bayonet lock enters the locking section from the advancing section, enters the unlocking section from the locking section, enters the retreating section from the unlocking section and enters the advancing section from the retreating section, the locking section and the unlocking section jointly form a first V-shaped groove, and the advancing section and the retreating section jointly form a second V-shaped groove, the tip parts of the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove point to the sliding block.
Preferably, the lock case comprises an outer shell and a base installed in the outer shell, and the sliding block and the positioning block are installed on the base.
Preferably, the lock further comprises a return spring for returning the sliding block, wherein one end of the return spring is mounted on the lock shell, and the other end of the return spring is mounted on the sliding block.
Preferably, a compression spring is threaded on the bayonet, one end of the compression spring abuts against the cantilever rod, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against a boss of the bayonet, so that the bayonet presses the groove bottom of the guide groove.
Preferably, the guide groove further comprises an initial section, and the groove bottom of the initial section is smoothly connected with the groove bottom of the advancing section, so that the clamping pin enters the advancing section from the initial section and enters the initial section from the receding section.
Preferably, the direction spout still has first horizontal groove and second horizontal groove and they all extend along left right direction, first horizontal groove, chute and second horizontal groove connect gradually, and first horizontal groove with the contained angle between the chute is the obtuse angle, second horizontal groove with the contained angle between the chute is the obtuse angle.
Preferably, when the guide pin is in the first horizontal groove, the whole pulling claw is positioned in the lock shell, and when the guide pin is in the second horizontal groove, the locking part of the pulling claw is exposed out of the lock shell.
Preferably, the tail plate is mounted on the slider through a connecting plate.
Preferably, the lock case has a housing and a hinge base on which the first hinge shaft is mounted.
Preferably, the slide rail is a T-shaped slide rail.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: in one period of the bayonet lock moving along the positioning block rail, the slider drives the tail plate to reciprocate once along the sliding rail of the base, and the guide sliding groove drives the guide pin to move so as to realize the rotation of the pull claw, further realize the opening (releasing the locking of an external object and retracting the external object into the lock shell) and closing (exposing the lock shell to lock the external object) of the pull claw. The invention adopts a mechanical structure to realize the opening and closing of the pulling claw, provides necessary locking protection, reduces the participation of electrical elements, particularly sensing elements, has simple processing technology of parts, and reduces the cost while ensuring high reliability.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a ratchet locking device of the same kind includes a lock housing, a slider 7, a push rod 8, a tail plate 9, a pull claw 13, a guide pin 14, a cantilever rod 6, a latch 4 and a positioning block 3, wherein:
the lock shell is provided with the sliding block 7 through a sliding rail, the sliding rail longitudinally extends in the left-right direction, the sliding block 7 can slide left and right along the longitudinal direction of the sliding rail, the sliding block 7 is provided with the push rod 8 and the tail plate 9, the push rod 8 and the tail plate 9 can move left and right along with the sliding block 7, one end of the push rod 8 is exposed out of the lock shell from a first notch on the lock shell, the push rod 8 can be moved in a manual or electric mode, and the push rod 8 can drive the sliding block 7 to move longitudinally along the sliding rail.
The pull claw 13 is hinged on the lock shell through a first hinge shaft of which the center line extends along the front-back direction, so that the pull claw 13 can rotate along the center line of the first hinge shaft, a second notch which is convenient for exposing the locking part of the pull claw 13 out of the lock shell is arranged on the lock shell, after the pull claw 13 rotates and exposes out of the lock shell, the locking of an external object can be realized, and after the pull claw 13 rotates and retracts towards the direction inside the lock shell, the locking of the external object can be released. The tailgate 9 is provided with a guide runner 15, and the guide runner 15 has a chute inclined with respect to a horizontal plane.
The pull claw 13 is provided with the guide pin 14, and the guide pin 14 extends into the guide sliding groove 15 to drive the pull claw 13 to rotate around the central line of the first hinge shaft when the tail plate 9 moves leftwards and rightwards, so that the locking part of the pull claw 13 is exposed out of the lock shell to lock an external object or retracted into the lock shell to release the locking of the external object. The moving direction of the sliding block 7 can be controlled through the push rod 8, the sliding block 7 can move to drive the tail plate 9 and the chute on the tail plate 9 to move left and right, the chute can move left and right to drive the guide pin 14 to rotate around the central line of the first hinge shaft, and the guide pin 14 further drives the pull claw 13 to rotate so as to lock and unlock an external object.
The positioning block 3 is mounted on the lock shell, the positioning block 3 is provided with a guide groove, one end of the cantilever rod 6 is hinged to the sliding block 7 through a second hinge shaft, and the other end of the cantilever rod 6 is in clearance fit with the bayonet 4 through a shaft hole, so that the bayonet 4 can freely move up and down between the shaft hole, namely the bayonet 4 is movably penetrated and mounted at the other end of the cantilever rod 6; one end of the bayonet 4 extends into the guide groove and abuts against the groove bottom of the guide groove, and the cantilever rod 6 can freely rotate around the central line of the second hinge shaft, so that the movement of the sliding block 7 along the sliding rail and the movement of the bayonet 4 in the guide groove can not be influenced by the cantilever rod 6; the guide groove is provided with an advancing section 301, a locking section 302, an unlocking section 303 and a retreating section 304 which are sequentially connected end to end, and the connecting parts of the advancing section 301, the locking section 302, the unlocking section 303 and the retreating section 304 are respectively provided with steps, so that the guide groove is in a step shape, the steps enable the bayonet 4 to move only along a set path but not against the set path, wherein the movement along the set path means that the bayonet 4 enters the locking section 302 from the advancing section 301, enters the unlocking section 303 from the locking section 302, enters the retreating section 304 from the unlocking section 303 and enters the advancing section 301 from the retreating section 304, and the guide groove is in the step shape, so that the bayonet 4 can only circularly move in one direction on the guide groove; the locking section 302 and the unlocking section 303 form a first V-shaped groove together, the advancing section 301 and the retreating section 304 form a second V-shaped groove together, and the tips of the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove point to the slider 7. In order to facilitate the formation of the step, the groove bottoms of the advancing section 301, the locking section 302, the unlocking section 303 and the retreating section 304 may have a certain slope, and in order to facilitate the movement of the bayonet 4 in the guide groove, the advancing section 301, the locking section 302, the unlocking section 303 and the retreating section 304 may have a certain curvature, and the four sections together form a closed annular groove section in a heart-like shape.
The first breach and the second breach at the top of shell 1 are the slot hole, and the size of slot hole is established according to push rod 8 and the motion space that draws claw 13, and the top of push rod 8 is higher than the top certain distance of shell 1 all the time, is convenient for bear the effort that the external world was applyed. When the pull claw 13 is in an open state, the top of the pull claw is lower than the top of the shell 1, so that interference with the outside is avoided; when the pull claw 13 is in a closed state, the top of the pull claw is higher than the top of the shell 1, so that locking action is realized.
Further, the lock shell comprises a shell 1 and a base 2 installed in the shell 1, and the sliding block 7 and the positioning block 3 are installed on the base 2. The base 2 is connected with the shell 1 through a screw, a sliding rail is arranged on the upper end face of the base 2, the sliding rail is a T-shaped sliding rail, the sliding block 7 is arranged on the sliding rail, and due to the action of the T-shaped sliding rail, the sliding block 7 only has 1 degree of freedom, namely can only move linearly along the T-shaped sliding rail; the positioning block 3 is fastened with the base 2 through screws. In addition, the lock case further includes a hinge base 12, and the first hinge shaft is mounted on the hinge base 12.
Further, the lock further comprises a return spring 11 for returning the sliding block 7, wherein one end of the return spring 11 is installed on the lock shell, and the other end of the return spring is installed on the sliding block 7. The return spring 11 is preferably an extension spring, two the extension springs are respectively installed on two sides of the base 2, one end of the extension spring is connected with the base 2 through an extension spring fixing screw 10, the other end of the extension spring is connected with the sliding block 7 through a screw, in the process that the sliding block 7 moves towards the direction of the positioning block 3, the extension spring always applies a pulling force in the opposite direction to the sliding block 7, the bayonet lock 4 is convenient to stop at the V-shaped opening of the first V-shaped groove, and the bayonet lock 4 is convenient to move towards the advancing section 301 from the retreating section 304.
Furthermore, a compression spring 5 is mounted on the bayonet 4 in a penetrating manner, one end of the compression spring 5 abuts against the cantilever rod 6, and the other end abuts against a boss of the bayonet 4, so that the bayonet 4 presses the bottom of the guide groove. The compression spring 5 always provides acting force pointing to the bottom of the guide groove for the bayonet 4, and the bayonet 4 is always attached to the bottom of the guide groove in the movement process of the bayonet 4 along the guide groove.
Further, the guide groove further includes an initial section 305, and a groove bottom of the initial section 305 is smoothly connected with a groove bottom of the advancing section 301, so that the bayonet 4 enters the advancing section 301 from the initial section 305 and the bayonet 4 enters the initial section 305 from the receding section 304. The initial section 305 and the advancing section 301 together form a pushing section.
Further, the guide chute 15 further has a first horizontal groove and a second horizontal groove and they all extend in the left-right direction, the first horizontal groove, the inclined grooves and the second horizontal groove are connected in sequence, and the first horizontal groove and the included angle between the inclined grooves are obtuse angles, and the second horizontal groove and the included angle between the inclined grooves are obtuse angles. The first horizontal groove, the chute and the second horizontal groove enable the guide chute 15 to be Z-shaped, and in the moving process of the tail plate 9 along with the sliding block 7, the guide chute 15 drives the guide pin 14 to move, so that the pull claw 13 is driven to rotate around the central line of the first hinge shaft on the hinge base 12.
Further, when the guide pin 14 is in the first horizontal groove, the whole pulling claw 13 is located in the lock case, and when the guide pin 14 is in the second horizontal groove, the locking part of the pulling claw 13 is exposed out of the lock case to lock an external object.
Further, the tail plate 9 is mounted on the slider 7 through a connecting plate. The head of the pulling claw 13 is provided with a groove with a corresponding shape according to the shape of the locked external object, the pulling claw 13 is in an upright state at the upper limit position after the lock shell is exposed, and completely enters the shell 1 at the lower limit position after the lock shell is retracted.
The latch 4 is initially positioned when the pull pawl 13 is opened (the locking portion of the pull pawl 13 is in the lock housing), the guide pin 14 is initially positioned in the first horizontal slot, and the latch 4 is positioned in the initial section 305. When the push rod 8 is operated to move the sliding block 7 towards the direction of the positioning block 3, the bayonet 4 moves towards the advancing section 301 along the initial section 305 of the guide groove, the guide sliding groove 15 enters the second horizontal groove from the first horizontal groove through the inclined groove in the moving process of the bayonet 4, the locking part of the pulling claw 13 is exposed from the inside of the lock shell to the outside of the lock shell and locks an external object in the process, and when the bayonet 4 runs to the tail end limit position of the advancing section 301, the bayonet 4 falls into the locking section 302 through the step at the tail end of the advancing section 301; when the push rod 8 is released, the slider 7 returns a distance in the direction away from the positioning block 3 under the action of the return spring 11, and the tail plate 9 also returns a distance, which is equivalent to that the guide pin 14 also returns a distance in the second horizontal groove toward the inclined groove, but because the second horizontal groove is horizontal, the guide pin 14 and the pull claw 13 cannot be driven to rotate in the process that the tail plate 9 returns a distance. When the bayonet 4 moves to the extreme position of the tail end of the locking section 302 along the locking section 302 and falls into the unlocking section 303 through the step at the tail end of the locking section 302, the bayonet 4 can be positioned at the V-shaped opening of the first V-shaped groove and does not move any more, the position of the locking part of the pull claw 13 is limited at the moment, and the pull claw 13 cannot rotate; when the push rod 8 is operated again to move the sliding block 7 towards the direction of the positioning block 3, the bayonet 4 moves along the unlocking section 303 of the guide groove, and when the sliding block moves to the limit position at the tail end of the unlocking section 303, the bayonet 4 falls into the retreating section 304 from the step at the tail end of the unlocking section 303; when the push rod 8 is released again, the slider 7 moves away from the positioning block 3 under the action of the return spring 11, and the bayonet 4 runs along the retreat section 304 of the guide groove and falls into the pushing section through the step at the end of the retreat section 304. If the push segment has a set initial segment 305, it falls into the initial segment 305 until it moves to the beginning position in the initial segment 305. If the initial section 305 is not provided, the bayonet 4 falls into the advancement section 301 and can be positioned at the mouth of the second V-groove and no longer move. The "end" of each segment is referred to as "end" in the moving direction of the bayonet 4, and the end of the bayonet 4 away from the moving direction of the bayonet 4.
In addition, during the movement of the tail plate 9 along with the sliding block 7, the groove wall of the guide sliding groove 15 acts on the guide pin 14, and then the pulling claw 13 is driven to open and close. When the bayonet 4 falls into the unlocking section 303 through the step at the tail end of the locking section 302 of the guide groove, the pull claw 13 is in an upright closed state to lock an external object, and when the pull claw 13 bears external force, the interaction force between the guide pin 14 and the second horizontal groove of the guide chute 15 of the tail plate 9 is in a vertical direction and is in a friction self-locking state; when the bayonet 4 is located at the initial section 305 of the guide groove, the pulling claw 13 is in an open state, and the guide pin 14 is located at the end of the first horizontal groove of the guide sliding groove 15 of the tail plate 9, so that the locking part of the pulling claw 13 does not exceed the top of the housing 1 due to the rotation of the pulling claw 13 caused by the small displacement of the tail plate 9, and the locking device does not interfere with an external object.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.