CN113481863B - Bridge construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bridge construction method, which is characterized in that a bearing platform, a bridge pier and a supporting platform are built on a steep slope, an expanding platform is arranged at the upper part of the bridge pier, a bridge deck plate is supported by a support column and a support seat, the bridge deck plate is of a prefabricated structure and is provided with horizontal steel bars and vertical steel bars, so that limit fixation is realized, structural displacement is avoided, the bridge deck plate and the steep slope structure are integrally connected through building a pouring belt, and bridge construction in a mountain area can be better realized through the construction method, and the safety performance of bridge use is ensured.

Description

A bridge construction method

Technical field: the present invention relates to the field of bridges, in particular to a bridge construction method.

Background technology: Bridges are a common form of traffic structure. They generally have caps, bridge decks, bridge piers, etc. Through bridge piers and caps, the bridge deck load is transmitted to the foundation structure to support vehicles passing on the bridge deck. Mountainous areas are a common environment for bridge construction. Considering the steep slope structure in mountainous areas, it is difficult to apply bridge structures in general plain areas, which are prone to problems such as bridge structure and mountain cracks, which affect the use of bridge structures in mountainous areas.

The construction of bridges in mountainous areas is a relatively complex form of bridge structure, and the foundation conditions in mountainous areas are poor. In order to ensure the overall structural performance of bridges in mountainous areas, it is generally necessary to adopt cast-in-place structures. Complex, if the prefabricated structure is used, it will lead to problems such as cracks between the prefabricated structure and the mountainous structure, which will affect the safe use of the structure. Therefore, for the construction of bridges in mountainous areas, it is necessary to design a feasible bridge construction method. , to ensure the construction progress and construction quality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The present invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a bridge construction method.

The invention provides a bridge construction method. The bridge is built on a steep slope in a mountainous area. The bridge includes a bridge deck, bridge piers, and caps. The bridge deck is a prefabricated structure, and the bridge piers and caps are all cast-in-place structures. The bridge deck, bridge piers and caps are all reinforced concrete structures, and it is characterized in that: the construction method includes the following steps:

S1: The steep slope at the cap position is treated, the gravel is cleaned, and the first anchor reinforcement is installed. The first anchor reinforcement includes the first anchor reinforcement arranged vertically and the first anchor reinforcement arranged obliquely. The bottom ends of the first anchor bars go deep into the steep slope, and the heads of the first anchor bars extend out of the steep slope;

S2: Utilize the first anchor bars protruding from the steep slope to bind the steel bars of the cap, and then bind the steel bars of the bridge pier in sequence. The bridge pier steel bars are fixedly connected, the cap steel bars are fixedly connected with the bridge pier steel bars, thereby forming a cap steel bar cage and a bridge pier steel bar cage, the vertical formwork is used to pour the cap block concrete and the bridge pier concrete, and after the concrete is cured to the design strength, the formwork is removed ;

S3: Set the left support column, the right support column and the support on the enlarged platform, wherein the support includes a support body, an upper backing plate and a lower backing plate, and the lower backing plate is fixed on the enlarged platform, The left support column and the right support column are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the support, the upper surface of the left support column, the upper surface of the right support column and the upper surface of the upper backing plate are flush, so Both the left support column and the right support column are provided with openings in the middle, and the openings do not pass through the left support column and the right support column; the construction method of the left support column and the right support column is: after binding the enlarged During the platform reinforcement, respectively fix the left support column reinforcement cage and the right support column reinforcement cage on the enlarged platform reinforcement, after the expansion platform pouring is completed, the vertical formwork pours the left support column and the right support column concrete;

S4: Set a second anchor bar at a position close to the steep slope of the bridge deck, the second anchor bar includes a vertically arranged second anchor bar and an obliquely arranged second anchor bar, and the bottom of the two anchor bars Both ends go deep into the steep slope, and the heads of the second anchor bars protrude from the steep slope;

S5: Utilize the second anchor bars protruding from the steep slope to bind the steel bars of the support platform, and erect the formwork to pour the support platform concrete. After the concrete is cured to the design strength, the formwork is removed, and the upper surface of the support platform is connected to the upper surface of the left support column. , the upper surface of the upper backing plate and the upper surface of the right support column are flush;

S6: setting several horizontal anchor bars at the position where the steep slope is located on the bridge deck, one end of the horizontal anchor bars goes deep into the steep slope, and one end of the horizontal anchor bars extends out of the steep slope;

S7: During the construction of step S2, the bridge deck is prefabricated, the side of the bridge deck close to the steep slope is provided with an opening matching the horizontal anchor bar, and the lower surface of the bridge deck is provided on the side away from the steep slope. The vertical reinforcing bars matched by the left supporting column and the right supporting column; horizontal reinforcing bars are also arranged on the side of the bridge deck close to the steep slope, and the vertical reinforcing bars and the horizontal reinforcing bars all extend out of the bridge deck;

S8: Hoist the bridge deck so that the bridge deck is respectively located on the support platform, left support column, right support column and the upper backing plate of the support, and make the vertical steel bars of the bridge deck respectively located on the left support column and the right In the opening of the support column, the horizontal anchor bar extends into the opening of the bridge deck, the horizontal steel bar is at a certain distance from the steep slope, and the side of the bridge deck close to the steep slope is at a certain distance from the steep slope, and the penetration level The opening of the bridge deck of the anchor bar is grouted;

S9: Set up an anchor rod in the distance between the side of the bridge deck close to the steep slope and the steep slope, the anchor rod goes deep into the steep slope, the top of the anchor rod is lower than the bridge deck, using the anchor rod, horizontal Anchor bars and horizontal steel bars of the bridge deck are bound and poured with a reinforcement cage, and concrete is poured in the reinforcement cage of the pouring strip, and cured to the design strength to form a pouring strip concrete, and the top surface of the pouring strip concrete and the upper surface of the bridge deck flush.

Preferably, rubber sleeves are provided in the openings in the left support column and the right support column, and the size of the rubber sleeve matches the size of the vertical reinforcement on the bridge deck.

Preferably, the rubber sleeves are respectively fixed on the reinforcement cages of the left support column and the right support column.

Preferably, the upper backing plate is fixedly connected to the bridge deck by fixing bolts, and the lower backing plate is fixedly connected to the enlarged platform by fixing bolts.

Working principle of the present invention:

The construction of the prefabricated bridge deck can speed up the progress of the project. At the same time, for the components that are used as force supports, such as caps, piers, enlarged platforms, and supporting platforms, cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures are adopted, and the construction method of prefabrication and cast-in-place is adopted. , which can improve the construction progress and reduce the construction time while ensuring the construction quality;

For the bridge pier and cap structure, the reinforcement cage of the cap is connected with the first anchor bar, which is integrated with the steep slope structure, and the pier reinforcement is fixedly connected with the cap reinforcement to ensure the overall performance of the structure; The setting method of the second anchor bar combined with the reinforcement cage improves the supporting effect and ensures the integrity of the structure;

For the support of the bridge pier, an enlarged platform is used to change the previous support structure, and the left support column and the right support column are set on both sides of the support. The support can also be limited by the cooperation of the steel bars protruding from the prefabricated bridge deck and the opening to ensure the structural stability of the bridge deck; a number of support diagonal bars can also be set between the enlarged platform and the bridge pier to support the expansion. The platform is reinforced and supported; the opening is a non-penetrating hole, and a rubber sleeve is arranged in the hole. The rubber sleeve matches the reserved steel bar of the bridge deck, and the rubber sleeve and the steel bar are used to realize the fixed position of the bridge deck, which improves the installation As a result, the bridge deck and the support plate are connected by bolts. Embedded bolts can be set in the prefabrication of the bridge deck, and bolt holes are opened on the support plate to realize the connection. Compared with the traditional support support, the support effect It can share the force of the support, and at the same time realize the limit of the support column, and upgrade from single-point support to multi-point support to ensure the stability of the structure under stress;

The prefabricated bridge deck and the steep slope are connected by horizontal anchor bars. One end of the horizontal anchor bar goes deep into the steep slope, and the other end goes deep into the opening on one side of the bridge deck. The vertical reinforcement of the bridge deck cooperates with the openings of the left and right support columns, thus forming a multi-dimensional positioning and fixing of the bridge deck;

Horizontal steel bars are also set between the bridge deck and the steep slope, and the horizontal steel bars are integrated with the bridge deck. Concrete is poured between the reinforcement cage, the steep slope and the bridge deck to form a concrete pouring belt, which connects the anchor rod, horizontal anchor bar, horizontal steel bar, steep slope, and bridge deck as a whole, thereby avoiding the gap between the prefabricated structure of the bridge deck and the steep slope Unstable performance;

From the perspective of stress, the stress points of the bridge deck include the support, the left support column, the right support column, the support platform, the pouring belt, the horizontal anchor bar, the horizontal steel bar, etc., which has changed the stress mode of the traditional structure, and its The fixing method is more reasonable, and its connection performance with the steep slope structure is stronger, and the use of prefabricated structure avoids the construction difficulty caused by the construction of cast-in-place, and can better realize the bridge construction on steep slopes in mountainous areas.

The advantages of the present invention are:

The invention provides a bridge construction method. By building caps, bridge piers and support platforms on steep slopes, an enlarged platform is set on the upper part of the bridge piers, and the support columns and supports are used to support the bridge deck. The bridge deck is a prefabricated structure. It is equipped with horizontal steel bars and vertical steel bars to achieve limit fixation and avoid structural displacement. By building pouring belts, the overall connection between the bridge deck and the steep slope structure can be realized. Through this construction method, the construction of bridges in mountainous areas can be better realized and the bridge can be guaranteed. Safety features used.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pouring belt structure;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the bridge pier and enlarged platform structure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS: The following is a specific explanation of the structure defined by the present invention with reference to the contents of the drawings in the specification.

The invention provides a bridge construction method. The bridge is built on a steep slope in a mountain area. The bridge includes a bridge deck 1, a bridge pier 3, and a cap 2. The bridge deck 1 is a prefabricated structure. The bridge pier 3 and the cap 2 All are cast-in-place structures, and the bridge deck 1, bridge piers 3 and caps 2 are all reinforced concrete structures, and it is characterized in that: the construction method includes the following steps:

S1: Process the steep slope at the position of cap 2, clean up the gravel, and lay the first anchor bar 4, which includes the first anchor bar 4 arranged vertically and the first anchor bar arranged obliquely Rib 4, the bottom ends of the first anchor ribs 4 all go deep into the steep slope, and the heads of the first anchor ribs 4 extend out of the steep slope;

S2: Utilize the first anchor bars 4 protruding from the steep slope to bind the steel bars of the cap cap 2, and then bind the steel bars of the bridge piers 3 in sequence, the upper part of the bridge piers 3 has an enlarged platform 5, and bind the steel bars of the enlarged platform 5 at the expanded platform 5, The steel bar of the enlarged platform 5 is fixedly connected with the steel bar of the bridge pier 3, and the steel bar of the cap 2 is fixedly connected with the steel bar of the bridge pier 3, thereby forming a steel cage of the cap 2 and a steel cage of the bridge pier 3, and pouring the concrete of the cap 2 with the vertical formwork and pier 3 concrete, after the concrete is cured to the design strength, remove the formwork;

S3: Set the left support column 6, the right support column 7 and the support on the enlarged platform 5, wherein the support includes a support body 81, an upper backing plate 82 and a lower backing plate 83, and the lower backing plate 83 is fixed On the enlarged platform 5, the left support column 6 and the right support column 7 are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the support, the upper surface of the left support column 6, the upper surface of the right support column 7 and the The upper surface of the upper backing plate 82 is even, and the middle parts of the left support column 6 and the right support column 7 are provided with openings, and the openings do not pass through the left support column 6 and the right support column 7; The construction method of left support column 6 and right support column 7 is: when binding described enlarged platform 5 steel bars, respectively fix described left support column 6 reinforcement cages and right support column 7 reinforcement cages on the expansion platform 5 reinforcement bars, After the platform 5 is poured, the vertical formwork pours the concrete of the left support column 6 and the right support column 7;

S4: Set a second anchor bar 9 at a position close to the steep slope of the bridge deck 1, the second anchor bar 9 includes a vertically arranged second anchor bar 9 and an obliquely arranged second anchor bar 9, the The bottom ends of the two anchor bars go deep into the steep slope, and the heads of the second anchor bars 9 protrude from the steep slope;

S5: Utilize the second anchor bars 9 protruding from the steep slope to bind the steel bars of the support platform 10, and pour the concrete of the support platform 10 with a formwork, and when the concrete is cured to the design strength, the formwork is removed, and the upper surface of the support platform 10 is aligned with the left The upper surface of the support column 6, the upper surface of the upper backing plate 82 and the upper surface of the right support column 7 are flush;

S6: setting several horizontal anchor bars 11 at the position where the steep slope is located on the bridge deck 1, one end of the horizontal anchor bars 11 goes deep into the steep slope, and one end of the horizontal anchor bars 11 extends out of the steep slope;

S7: During the construction of step S2, the bridge deck 1 is prefabricated. The side of the bridge deck 1 close to the steep slope is provided with openings matching the horizontal anchor bar 11, and the bridge deck 1 is placed under the side of the bridge deck 1 away from the steep slope. The surface is provided with vertical steel bars matching the left support column 6 and the right support column 7; a horizontal steel bar 12 is also provided on the side of the bridge deck 1 close to the steep slope, and the vertical steel bar and the horizontal steel bar 12 all extend out of the said bridge deck 1;

S8: Lift the bridge deck 1 so that the bridge deck 1 is respectively located on the support platform 10, the left support column 6, the right support column 7 and the upper backing plate 82 of the support, and the vertical steel bars of the bridge deck 1 are respectively located on the In the openings of the left support column 6 and the right support column 7, the horizontal anchor bar 11 extends into the opening of the bridge deck 1, the horizontal steel bar 12 is at a certain distance from the steep slope, and the bridge deck 1 is close to One side of the steep slope is at a certain distance from the steep slope, and the opening of the bridge deck 1 penetrating into the horizontal anchor bar 11 is grouted;

S9: Install an anchor rod in the distance between the side of the bridge deck 1 close to the steep slope and the steep slope, the anchor rod goes deep into the steep slope, and the top of the anchor rod is lower than the bridge deck 1, using the anchor Bars, horizontal anchor bars 11, and horizontal steel bars 12 of the bridge deck 1 are bound to the pouring belt 13 reinforcement cages, and concrete is poured in the reinforcement cages of the pouring belt 13, and cured to the design strength to form the concrete pouring belt 13, and the pouring belt 13 The top surface of the concrete is flush with the upper surface of the bridge deck 1 .

As a preference, rubber sleeves are arranged in the openings of the left support column 6 and the right support column 7, and the size of the rubber sleeve matches the size of the vertical steel bar on the bridge deck 1, and the rubber sleeve can be used to achieve alignment. For the fixed limit of the steel bar, the rubber sleeve can be elastically stretched and deformed to improve the limit performance of the steel bar.

As a preference, the rubber sleeves are respectively fixed on the steel cages of the left support column 6 and the right support column 7, and the rubber sleeve is provided with a pre-embedded sleeve outside, and the rubber sleeve is arranged in the pre-embedded sleeve. The casing is pre-embedded in the left support column 6 and the right support column 7, and the embedded casing is welded and fixed with the steel bars on the reinforcement cages of the left support column 6 and the right support column 7, and the embedded casing is preferably steel casing;

As a preference, the upper backing plate 82 is fixedly connected to the bridge deck 1 by fixing bolts, the lower backing plate 83 is fixedly connected to the enlarged platform 5 by fixing bolts, and both the bridge deck 1 and the enlarged platform 5 are Fixing bolts are pre-buried, and bolt holes matching the fixing bolts are arranged between the upper backing plate 82 and the lower backing plate 83. When installing, align the bolts between the upper backing plate 82 and the lower backing plate 83 holes and fixing bolts, and make the fixing bolts respectively pass through the bolt holes between the upper backing plate 82 and the lower backing plate 83, install and screw on the nuts to realize the fixation, this fixing method is convenient for disassembly and connection, and can improve the efficiency of construction work .

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as being limited to the specific forms stated in the examples. equivalent technical means.

Claims (3)

1. The bridge construction method comprises the steps that the bridge is built on a steep slope in a mountain area, the bridge comprises a bridge deck, piers and a bearing platform, the bridge deck is of a prefabricated structure, the piers and the bearing platform are of cast-in-situ structures, and the bridge deck, the piers and the bearing platform are of reinforced concrete structures, and the bridge construction method is characterized in that: the construction method comprises the following steps:

s1: the method comprises the steps of processing a steep slope at a bearing platform position, cleaning broken stone, and setting a first anchor bar, wherein the first anchor bar comprises a first anchor bar which is vertically arranged and a first anchor bar which is obliquely arranged, the bottom ends of the first anchor bars extend into the steep slope, and the heads of the first anchor bars extend out of the steep slope;

s2: binding bearing platform steel bars by using first anchor bars extending out of the abrupt slope, sequentially binding pier steel bars, binding an expansion platform at the upper part of the pier, binding an expansion platform steel bar at the expansion platform, fixedly connecting the expansion platform steel bar with the pier steel bars, fixedly connecting the bearing platform steel bars with the pier steel bars, forming a bearing platform steel bar cage and a pier steel bar cage, casting bearing platform concrete and pier concrete by using a vertical formwork, and removing the formwork after the concrete is cured to the design strength;

s3: the expansion platform is provided with a left support column, a right support column and a support seat respectively, wherein the support seat comprises a support seat body, an upper base plate and a lower base plate, the lower base plate is fixed on the expansion platform, the left support column and the right support column are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the support seat, the upper surface of the left support column, the upper surface of the right support column and the upper surface of the upper base plate are flush, the middle parts of the left support column and the right support column are respectively provided with an opening, and the openings do not penetrate through the left support column and the right support column; the construction method of the left support column and the right support column comprises the following steps: when the reinforcement of the expansion platform is bound, the reinforcement cage of the left support column and the reinforcement cage of the right support column are respectively fixed on the reinforcement of the expansion platform, and after the casting of the expansion platform is completed, the left support column and the right support column are cast by a vertical formwork;

s4: a second anchor bar is arranged at the position, close to the steep slope, of the bridge deck plate, the second anchor bar comprises a second anchor bar which is vertically arranged and a second anchor bar which is obliquely arranged, the bottom ends of the second anchor bars penetrate deep into the steep slope, and the heads of the second anchor bars extend out of the steep slope;

s5: binding reinforcing steel bars of the supporting platform by using second anchor bars extending out of the steep slope, erecting a template, pouring concrete of the supporting platform, and removing the template after the concrete is cured to the design strength, wherein the upper surface of the supporting platform is flush with the upper surface of the left supporting column, the upper surface of the upper backing plate and the upper surface of the right supporting column;

s6: arranging a plurality of horizontal anchor bars at the position of the abrupt slope at the bridge deck, wherein one end of each horizontal anchor bar penetrates into the abrupt slope, and one end of each horizontal anchor bar extends out of the abrupt slope;

s7: the construction method comprises the steps of S2, prefabricating a bridge deck, wherein an opening matched with the horizontal anchor bars is formed in one side, close to a steep slope, of the bridge deck, and vertical reinforcing bars matched with the left support column and the right support column are arranged on the lower surface of one side, far away from the steep slope, of the bridge deck; a horizontal steel bar is further arranged on one side, close to the steep slope, of the bridge deck plate, and the vertical steel bar and the horizontal steel bar extend out of the bridge deck plate;

s8: hoisting the bridge deck plate, enabling the bridge deck plate to be respectively positioned on the upper backing plates of the supporting platform, the left supporting column, the right supporting column and the supporting seat, enabling vertical steel bars of the bridge deck plate to be respectively positioned in the holes of the left supporting column and the right supporting column, enabling horizontal anchor bars to extend into the holes of the bridge deck plate, enabling the horizontal steel bars to be at a certain distance from the steep slope, enabling one side, close to the steep slope, of the bridge deck plate to be at a certain distance from the steep slope, and grouting the holes of the bridge deck plate penetrating into the horizontal anchor bars;

s9: the bridge deck slab is close to one side of abrupt slope and is beaten the stock in the interval of abrupt slope, the stock is in depth the abrupt slope, the top of stock is less than the bridge deck slab utilizes stock, horizontal anchor bar and the horizontal reinforcement ligature of bridge deck slab are pour the area steel reinforcement cage pour the concrete in the area steel reinforcement cage to the maintenance is to design intensity, forms and pours the area concrete, the top surface of pouring the area concrete and the upper surface parallel and level of bridge deck slab, be provided with the rubber sleeve in the trompil in left support column and the right support column, the size of rubber sleeve with perpendicular reinforcing bar size assorted on the bridge deck slab.

2. The bridge construction method according to claim 1, wherein: the rubber sleeves are respectively fixed on the reinforcement cages of the left support column and the right support column.

3. The bridge construction method according to claim 1, wherein: the upper backing plate is fixedly connected with the bridge deck plate through a fixing bolt, and the lower backing plate is fixedly connected with the expansion platform through a fixing bolt.

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