CN113467076A - Bistable laser beam switching device - Google Patents
Bistable laser beam switching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113467076A CN113467076A CN202010239587.7A CN202010239587A CN113467076A CN 113467076 A CN113467076 A CN 113467076A CN 202010239587 A CN202010239587 A CN 202010239587A CN 113467076 A CN113467076 A CN 113467076A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/06—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
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Abstract
一种新型双稳态激光光束切换装置，适用于航天设备的小型运动部件，为各种激光应用工程光学系统提供长期可靠运行服务，可用于主备份激光切换、激光偏振状态受控改变等应用场景。由于航天设备的特殊使用环境，通用机械光开关等运动部件都需要满足可靠性、耗能性、真空环境、断电重启、不加电工作等特殊环境的适应性和使用寿命等方面的严苛要求，一般的商业产品存在种种限制，无法直接应用。本发明主要由底座、步进电机及其配套装置、波片架组件、波片、弹簧组件、终止位置监测装置组成；本发明产品应用于新一代星载冷原子钟，以确保其长期稳定在轨作业为目的，装置结构简单、稳定性好，工程产品已经通过航天级别力学振动和热环模试验测试验证，证明可适用于空间和地面各类激光光学系统的工程应用。
A new type of bistable laser beam switching device, suitable for small moving parts of aerospace equipment, providing long-term reliable operation services for various laser application engineering optical systems, and can be used for main and backup laser switching, controlled changes in laser polarization state and other application scenarios . Due to the special use environment of aerospace equipment, moving parts such as general-purpose mechanical optical switches need to meet strict requirements in terms of reliability, energy consumption, vacuum environment, power-off restart, and no-power-on work in special environments such as adaptability and service life. Requirements, the general commercial products have various limitations and cannot be directly applied. The invention is mainly composed of a base, a stepping motor and its supporting device, a wave plate frame assembly, a wave plate, a spring assembly, and a termination position monitoring device; the product of the invention is applied to a new generation of spaceborne cold atomic clocks to ensure long-term stability in orbit. For the purpose of operation, the device has a simple structure and good stability. The engineering products have been verified by aerospace-level mechanical vibration and thermal ring mode tests, which prove that they are suitable for engineering applications of various laser optical systems in space and on the ground.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser switching, and particularly relates to a bistable laser beam switching device which is particularly suitable for small moving parts of aerospace equipment and can be used in application scenes such as main and backup laser switching and laser polarization state change.
Background
Laser optical systems and laser cooling atomic techniques have been widely used in practical engineering projects, even in the aerospace field. Because of the special use environment of the aerospace equipment, all moving parts such as a general mechanical optical switch and the like need to meet the strict requirements on the aspects of reliability, energy consumption, adaptability of a vacuum environment, power-off restarting, non-powered working and other special environments, service life and the like, the equipment needs to have extremely high stability and reliability while ensuring miniaturization and integration so as to meet the long-term stable aerospace work, and general commercial products have various limitations and cannot be directly applied.
Taking a satellite-borne cold atomic clock as an example, as one of important components of the cold atomic clock, an optical system outputs multi-path laser, the main function is to provide a laser light source for preparing, pumping and detecting cold atoms for a physical unit, and the long-term stability of the power and the frequency of the laser light source directly influences the performance index of the cold atomic clock. Wherein the laser instrument is optical system's key device, in order to guarantee that this spaceborne integrating sphere cold atomic clock's optical platform can carry out long-term stable space flight work, satisfies ten years life's requirement, will optimize from two aspects in the experiment: firstly, the rated power is properly reduced according to the actual experimental requirements, so that the actual use power is about 80% of the nominal power, and the service life is prolonged; and secondly, a backup laser is adopted, namely a backup laser which is the same as the main optical path in mode is made, and switching is carried out in time when the backup laser fails, so that the optical path and the subsequent physical process are ensured to be uninterrupted.
For the second mentioned solution, the conventional device has many problems:
1) the rotating turntable is not provided with a pre-tightening device, when the stepping motor is not electrified, the self-locking torque of the stepping motor is very small, the stepping motor is easy to randomly rotate due to vibration, namely the motor cannot completely return to zero in the initial working state, so that initial errors exist during electrification working at every time, and the influence on the subsequent wave plate adjustment on introducing wrong polarization degree is caused.
2) The conventional device generally needs long-term power supply to fix the wave plate at a specific working position, so that the energy consumption is large, and the adjustment precision of the device is reduced due to long-term operation.
3) The wave plate rotation center of the traditional device is located at the position of the geometric center in the plane of the wave plate, namely, the wave plate rotates in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis, the rotation axis coincides with the optical axis, the precision requirement on the rotation angle is very high by the scheme, and under the condition that a high-precision polarized light source needs to be introduced, the subsequent light path is easy to lose efficacy due to the fact that the subsequent light path is introduced with large polarization errors caused by the problems of not-in-place rotation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a novel bistable laser beam switching device which is suitable for small moving parts of aerospace equipment, provides service for redundancy design of optical systems of various laser application projects, and can be used in application scenes such as main and backup laser switching, laser polarization state change and the like. The product of the invention is applied to a new generation of satellite-borne cold atomic clock, aims to ensure the long-term stable on-orbit operation of the clock, has simple structure and good stability, and is proved to be applicable to engineering application of various laser optical systems in space and ground by testing and verifying the engineering product through aerospace-level mechanical vibration and a hot-loop model test.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a bistable laser beam switching device is characterized in that: the device comprises a base, a stepping motor, a matching device of the stepping motor, a wave plate frame assembly for placing a wave plate, a spring assembly and an end position monitoring device;
the bottom of the base is provided with four positioning holes for fixing in the optical platform;
the stepping motor and the matching device thereof are fixed on the base, the wave plate frame component, the spring component and the termination position monitoring device are respectively arranged on one side of the stepping motor and the matching device thereof, and one side of the wave plate frame component is connected with the spring component.
The stepping motor and the matching device thereof comprise a shell, a built-in stepping motor and a motor rotating shaft, wherein one end of the motor rotating shaft is connected with the wave plate frame chassis, and the rotating centers of the stepping motor, the wave plate frame assembly and the wave plate are coaxial.
The wave plate frame assembly comprises a wave plate frame chassis, a wave plate rotating platform and a wave plate fixing frame which are sequentially connected, the wave plate frame chassis is concentrically bonded with the wave plate rotating platform, and a groove is formed in the wave plate frame chassis and is used for reserving space for the rotated spring assembly.
The diameter of the wave plate rotating platform is equal to the length of one side connected with the wave plate fixing frame, and the wave plate fixing frame is bonded with the wave plate rotating platform along the diameter.
The termination position monitoring device is used for limiting the terminal of the wave plate frame assembly, and detecting the in-place condition of the terminal and outputting signals in an encoder feedback mode.
All be connected through sticky mode between wave plate frame subassembly and the motor shaft, between wave plate and the fixed frame of wave plate frame, between step motor and the base, the shrinkage is little after the solidification, and the internal stress of production is little, and chemical properties is stable, does not have volatile materials to produce, and can not cause the pollution to optical lens. After the bonding is finished, the special bonding glue is used for fixing. The physical limiting bosses on the mounting base are coated by special treatment, so that the impact caused by the rotation of the wave plate turntable to the position is reduced, and the rebound after the collision in place is prevented.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1) the device has small size, reasonable layout of all components in the device and high integration.
2) The wave plate frame structure design is different from the traditional mode of rotating the wave plate by taking the light path direction as an axis, and the vertical axis rotation adjusting mode is adopted, so that the wave plate only has two modes of a 0-degree power-off state and a 90-degree working state in the using process, the optical switching process is simplified, errors caused in the complex angle adjusting process are reduced, and the using precision of the device is ensured to the maximum extent.
3) The invention considers the problem of small self-locking torque of the motor in the power-off state, adopts the spring for pre-tightening, and calculates that the pre-tightening force is smaller than the rotation torque of the motor, thereby effectively preventing the motor from randomly rotating caused by vibration such as emission and the like, simultaneously meeting the condition of immediate operation after power-on, reducing the possibility of introducing initial error and ensuring the use precision of the device.
4) When the motor of the device is powered on, the wave plate frame component and the spring are driven to rotate together, the spring device rotates along with the rotation and passes through the mass center of the wave plate frame component to introduce a reverse tension to the wave plate, the motor is powered off after the wave plate is in place, and the spring can stably fix the wave plate at a working state.
5) The invention adopts the stepping motor with high strength, high performance and high reliability, the optical machine design passes the test of reliability and service life of aerospace grade, the service life is longer than 10 years, and the rotating frequency of the turntable is longer than 10000 times.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bistable laser beam switching device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepping motor and its associated apparatus in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waveplate frame assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of analyzing the spring force in the present invention, wherein a is a diagram of analyzing the force applied when the stepping motor is not powered on, and b is a diagram of analyzing the force applied by the spring after the stepping motor is powered on to drive the wave plate to rotate to a designated position.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bistable laser beam switching device according to the present invention, and as shown in the diagram, the bistable laser beam switching device includes a base 1, a stepping motor and its matching device 2, a wave plate frame assembly 3, a wave plate 4, a spring assembly 5, and an end position monitoring device 6. The spring assembly 3 is connected to the left side 3 of the wave plate frame assembly, when the motor is not electrified, as the self-locking torque of the motor is very small, in order to prevent the random rotation of the motor caused by vibration during emission, a pretightening force needs to be applied to the motor in an initial state, and the pretightening force is considered to be performed by adopting the spring; when the motor is powered on, the wave plate frame assembly and the spring assembly are driven to rotate together, the spring assembly rotates along with the wave plate and passes through the mass center of the wave plate frame assembly to introduce a reverse pulling force for the wave plate, the motor is powered off after the wave plate is in place, and the spring can stably fix the wave plate at a working state. The special spring arrangement therefore plays a critical role in the novel bistable laser beam switching device.
The stepping motor and the matching device thereof shown in fig. 2 comprise a shell 2-1, a built-in stepping motor 2-2 and a motor rotating shaft 2-3, wherein the motor rotating shaft is used for being connected with a wave plate frame chassis, and the rotating centers of the stepping motor, the wave plate frame component and the wave plate are coaxial. After the novel bistable laser beam switching device is triggered, the stepping motor receives signal driving rotation to drive the rotating shaft to rotate and drive the wave plate frame assembly at the same time, so that the wave plate can rotate to an appointed position.
The wave plate frame assembly shown in fig. 3 comprises a sequential wave plate frame chassis 3-1, a wave plate rotating platform 3-2 and a wave plate fixing frame 3-3, wherein a groove is formed in the wave plate frame chassis, the wave plate frame assembly rotates to drive the end points of a spring to rotate, the spring is gradually stretched, the spring passes through the mass center of the wave plate frame chassis after reaching a specified position, and the groove is arranged to just reserve a space for the rotated spring assembly.
Next, the force of the spring is analyzed, referring to fig. 4.
Fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the present invention when the motor is not powered on. L in the figure1And L2 is the fixed length of the device is 9.95mm and 11.34mm respectively, the angle theta ranges from 113.3 degrees to 203.3 degrees, and C is the wave plate frame componentThe center of the rotating shaft is A, B which are the fixing points of the two ends of the tension spring. The elasticity coefficient K of the tension spring is 0.009N/mm, and the free length is 9.3 mm. The pre-tightening torque to the motor in the initial state is 0.445mNm through calculation, after the motor is rotated by 90 degrees, the pre-tightening torque is-0.222 mNm (anticlockwise is positive), and in order to prevent the situation that the reverse torque of the tension spring is larger than the torque of the motor in the rotating process, so that the stepping motor cannot drive the wave plate to rotate under the action of the spring even if the device is electrified, the maximum torque generated by the tension spring needs to be calculated and analyzed, and the pre-tightening torque does not exceed 2/3 of the motor torque in principle.
When theta is 180 degrees, the generated reverse torque is 0, the torque is increased from small to small between 180 degrees and 203.3 degrees, and the maximum value is the termination position; therefore, when the reverse torque generated by the tension spring is the maximum, theta is between 113.3 degrees and 180 degrees, and the reverse torque generated by the tension spring to the motor is as follows:
T＝(L3-9.3)K×sinα L1
wherein K and L1Is constant, so solving the maximum value of the above equation translates to solving (L)3-9.3) maximum value of sin α.
T was calculated using Matlab when θ was 113.3 °2The maximum value obtained was 4.9737, T was 0.445mNm, and the initial position was estimated as the maximum value of the tightening torque. Angular acceleration a of at least 90 ° if rotation of the motor 5s is required
The load torque required at this time is:
T＝J α
wherein J is the moment of inertia of the load, and has a value of 0.068 kg-mm2Then T is3Is 0.00854 mNm. The maximum required torque is T + T3The torque is 0.454mNm and is less than the maximum torque of the motor by 0.65mNm, therefore, the reverse torque generated by the tension spring is always less than the rotation torque of the motor in the rotation process of the motor, namely the load capacity of the motor is enough, and the wave plate can be driven to rotate to the fingerAnd (6) positioning.
FIG. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the analysis of the stress of the spring after the motor is powered on to drive the wave plate to rotate to the designated position. The analysis shows that the motor has enough torque to drive the wave plate and the spring to reach the designated position, and the spring AB at the position passes through the mass center of the wave plate frame turntable as can be seen from fig. 4(b), after the step motor is powered off, only the spring provides opposite tension for the wave plate, and the spring end point is fixed at the specific position due to the arrangement of the limited buffer cushion, so that the long-term stable work of the wave plate can be ensured.
In the use process, when the main light path normally operates, the laser beam switching device is not triggered, the wave plate is in a horizontal state at the moment, and the light beam polarization state of the backup light path is vertical to the main light path, so that any influence on the subsequent light path is avoided; when the main light path breaks down, an electric signal is sent out to trigger the backup light path, the stepping motor is switched on to start to operate, the external wave plate component is driven to rotate, when the rotating torque is larger than the reverse torque of the pre-tightening spring, the wave plate component starts to rotate and drives the wave plate to rotate from the horizontal 0-degree position to the 90-degree position and then stops, at the moment, after the backup light beam is adjusted by the 1/2 wave plate, the polarization direction is consistent with that of the main light path, and the backup light beam replaces the main light beam to be put into use. And the special tension spring device is arranged to ensure the long-term stable work of the wave plate at the fixed position, and the motor can be powered off after the wave plate is in place.
Claims (5)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010239587.7A CN113467076A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Bistable laser beam switching device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010239587.7A CN113467076A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Bistable laser beam switching device |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050002598A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-06 | Willis Chris L. | Optic switching mechanism |
| US20080137189A1 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-12 | Northrop Grumman Space & Mission Systems Corporation | Conversion of the polarization of light via a composite half-wave plate |
| CN206717295U (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-12-08 | 苏州领创激光科技有限公司 | Front support frame for laser switching device |
| CN210060146U (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-02-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | High-power laser switching device |
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 CN CN202010239587.7A patent/CN113467076A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050002598A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-06 | Willis Chris L. | Optic switching mechanism |
| US20080137189A1 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-12 | Northrop Grumman Space & Mission Systems Corporation | Conversion of the polarization of light via a composite half-wave plate |
| CN206717295U (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-12-08 | 苏州领创激光科技有限公司 | Front support frame for laser switching device |
| CN210060146U (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-02-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | High-power laser switching device |
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