CN113455183A - Pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process - Google Patents
Pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113455183A CN113455183A CN202110884504.4A CN202110884504A CN113455183A CN 113455183 A CN113455183 A CN 113455183A CN 202110884504 A CN202110884504 A CN 202110884504A CN 113455183 A CN113455183 A CN 113455183A
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- pineapple
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- stem
- leaf
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- 241000234671 Ananas Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010004032 Bromelains Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019835 bromelain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/002—Harvesting of standing crops of pineapples
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process, which comprises the following steps: (a) cutting the pineapple plant by using a rotary cutter type cutting device to divide the pineapple plant into an upper section and a lower section, and harvesting the upper section of the pineapple plant; (b) and (4) removing the lower section of the pineapple plant from the soil by using equipment, and harvesting the lower section of the pineapple plant. The pineapple plant is cut by the rotary cutter type cutting device, resistance brought to a cutter by a pineapple stem can be reduced by rotary cutter type cutting, the whole pineapple plant is prevented from being taken up, and therefore a large amount of soil is prevented from being mixed on the stem and the leaf of the pineapple; in addition, the upper section of the pineapple plant is primarily harvested and contains most pineapple leaves, the upper section of the pineapple plant is free of mixed soil, and excessive treatment is not needed after harvesting; and harvesting the lower segment of the pineapple plant, which mainly comprises pineapple stems and a small part of pineapple leaves, so that the soil can be easily separated even if the soil is mixed in the lower segment, and the subsequent treatment cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pineapple stems and leaves, in particular to a mechanical two-step harvesting process for pineapple stems and leaves.
Background
After the fruits are picked in the pineapple planting process, a large amount of pineapple stems and leaves are left in the field. The yield of stem leaves produced in the pineapple planting field per hectare can reach about 40 tons. It is common practice to use a crusher to mash on site to make fertilizer. This process has two potential risks: firstly, a large amount of organic acid is generated when soil organic matter is fermented, which influences the root pricking of the pineapple seedlings, and secondly, a large amount of diseases are infected when pineapple stem leaves are rotten, which can cause the death of the pineapple seedlings to be more than 50%. In addition, the pineapple stems and leaves contain rich nutrient components, and mainly comprise: protein, carbohydrate, fiber, starch, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur and other nutrients and trace elements. Meanwhile, bromelain can be extracted from pineapple stems, and textile fibers can be extracted from pineapple leaves, so that the potential utilization value is huge. Therefore, the method has important economic value and ecological benefit for recycling pineapple stems and leaves.
However, the pineapple stem and leaf are fleshy, the leaf tips and the leaf margins are burred, the cutting, felling and manual recovery difficulties are high, and the cost is high, so that the pineapple stem and leaf become the limiting factor of the resource utilization of the pineapple stem and leaf. The industry has tried to recover pineapple stems and leaves by using a turntable type whole corn cutting table or a scissor cutting table, but the harvesting method has some disadvantages: (1) cutting off pineapple plants above the pineapple root system by using a rotary disc type whole-plant corn cutting table or a scissor cutting table so as to harvest pineapple stems and leaves at one time; however, the pineapple stem is fleshy, the diameter can reach 4-5 cm, and the pineapple stem is not easy to cut; the pineapple root system is shallow and is easy to pull up; thereby causing great mechanical advance obstruction and low efficiency when cutting pineapple plants; in addition, the cutter is easy to clamp on the pineapple stem, the whole pineapple plant is taken up, a large amount of soil is taken up, the stem and the leaf are polluted, the stem and the leaf need to be cleaned and deslimed, and a large amount of cost is increased; (2) because the cutter is close to ground, the height of reaping is low, and pineapple planting farmland ground is uneven, leads to the cutter to be used for taking place to interfere with ground, or is hit absolutely by the stone in the farmland. Therefore, the existing pineapple stem and leaf harvesting method is difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a two-step mechanized pineapple stem and leaf harvesting process, which can solve the problem that the pineapple stems and leaves are difficult to harvest at least to a certain extent.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process comprises the following steps:
(a) cutting the pineapple plant by using a rotary cutter type cutting device to divide the pineapple plant into an upper section and a lower section, and harvesting the upper section of the pineapple plant;
(b) and (4) removing the lower section of the pineapple plant from the soil by using equipment, and harvesting the lower section of the pineapple plant.
As a further alternative of the mechanical two-step harvesting process of the pineapple stems and leaves, the rotary knife type cutting device cuts the pineapple plants at the position 15cm-20cm away from the ground so as to divide the pineapple plants into an upper section and a lower section.
As a further alternative of the mechanical two-step harvesting process of the stems and leaves of the pineapples, the rotary cutter type cutting device comprises a travelling mechanism and one or more rotary cutter arranged on the travelling mechanism; the height of the rotary cutter from the ground is 15cm-20cm, the travelling mechanism drives the rotary cutter to move, and the rotary cutter rotates to cut pineapple plants.
As a further alternative of the pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process, the rotary knife type cutting device is a rotary knife type mower.
As a further alternative to the said two-step mechanized harvesting process of pineapple stems and leaves, in the said step (b), the lower segment of pineapple plant is removed from the soil by using a stone picker.
As a further alternative of the mechanical two-step pineapple stem and leaf harvesting process, the stone picker comprises a traveling device, a soil collector driven by the traveling device to move, a rotary screen connected with the soil collector, and a material collecting box arranged at an outlet of the rotary screen.
As a further alternative of the pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process, the soil collector is an inclined soil scraping plate capable of being inserted into soil, and rake teeth are arranged on the edge of the soil scraping plate for being inserted into the soil.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the pineapple plant is cut by the rotary cutter type cutting device, resistance brought to a cutter by a pineapple stem can be reduced by rotary cutter type cutting, the whole pineapple plant is prevented from being taken up, and therefore a large amount of soil is prevented from being mixed on the stem and the leaf of the pineapple; in addition, the upper section of the pineapple plant is primarily harvested and contains most pineapple leaves, the upper section of the pineapple plant is free of mixed soil, and excessive treatment is not needed after harvesting; and harvesting the lower segment of the pineapple plant, which mainly comprises pineapple stems and a small part of pineapple leaves, so that the soil can be easily separated even if the soil is mixed in the lower segment, and the subsequent treatment cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pineapple plant.
In the figure: 1. pineapple plant; 11. an upper section; 12. a lower section; 13. pineapple stems; 14. pineapple leaves.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention shows a pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process, which comprises the following steps:
cutting off the pineapple plant 1 by using a rotary cutter type cutting device to divide the pineapple plant 1 into an upper section 11 and a lower section 12, harvesting the upper section 11 of the pineapple plant 1, and finishing primary harvesting of stems and leaves of the pineapple;
specifically, the pineapple plant 1 is divided into two sections and separately harvested; thereby improving the cutting height of the cutter and avoiding the cutter from being easily interfered with the ground or being broken by stones on the farmland; moreover, the pineapple stem 13 generally has a thick and thin structure, i.e., the pineapple stem 13 close to the root system is thick, and the pineapple stem 13 far away from the root system is thin; therefore, the cutting height of the cutter is improved, and the possibility that the cutter is stuck on the pineapple stem 13 is reduced. In addition, this embodiment adopts rotary knife formula cutting device to cut pineapple plant 1, and the resistance of rotary knife formula cutting is less, can further effectively avoid the cutter card to take place at the condition of cutting pineapple plant 1 on pineapple stem 13 to stop when cutting pineapple plant 1, can take the whole pineapple plant 1. The upper section 11 of the pineapple plant 1 is primarily harvested and contains most of the pineapple leaves 14, and the upper section 11 of the pineapple plant 1 is free from mixed soil and does not need to be subjected to excessive treatment after harvesting.
Preferably, the rotary knife type cutting device cuts the pineapple plant 1 from the position 15cm-20cm away from the ground, so that the pineapple plant is divided into an upper section 11 and a lower section 12. Therefore, the cutter can be further prevented from being clamped on the pineapple stem 13, and the cutter is prevented from interfering with the ground or being broken by stones on the farmland. Specifically, the rotary cutter type cutting device comprises a travelling mechanism and one or more rotary cutters arranged on the travelling mechanism; the height of the rotary cutter from the ground is 15cm-20cm, the travelling mechanism drives the rotary cutter to move, and the rotary cutter rotates to cut the pineapple plant 1. Among them, there are many agricultural machinery cutting devices that can meet the requirements of the rotary cutter type cutting device, such as a cassava stalk cutting test stand with publication number CN203563340U, or a rotary cutter type mower with publication number CN201440813U, and the like. In order to reduce the cost, the existing agricultural mechanical cutting equipment can be directly adopted, and brand new cutting equipment for harvesting pineapple stems and leaves does not need to be developed.
And (b) removing the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 from the soil by using equipment, and harvesting the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1.
Specifically, after the primary harvesting of the pineapple stems and leaves in step (a) is completed, step (b) is started to harvest the lower segment 12 of the pineapple plant 1; the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 is removed from the soil, so that the soil is carried out, and the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 is mixed with the soil, but the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 is mainly the pineapple stem 13 or is accompanied by a small part of pineapple leaves 14, so that the pineapple stem 13 and the soil are easily separated, and the cost of subsequent treatment is not high.
Preferably, to reduce the development investment in new equipment, the removal of the lower segment 12 of the pineapple plant 1 from the soil can be done using existing agricultural equipment, such as a stone picker. Specifically, the stone picker comprises a traveling device, a soil collector driven by the traveling device to move, a rotary screen connected with the soil collector, and a material collecting box arranged at an outlet of the rotary screen. Specifically, the soil collector is an inclined scraper which can be inserted into soil, and is inserted into the soil, and the soil collector shovels the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 out of the soil along with the driving of the traveling device, the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 and the soil are fed into the drum screen, most of the soil is screened out by the drum screen, and then the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 and a small part of the soil are fed into the collecting box. Wherein, because the root system of the pineapple is shallow, the resistance of the soil collector when the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1 is shoveled out is not large, and the working efficiency is high; in addition, the pineapple roots are aggregated into blocks of soil, and the drum screen can shake and crush the soil, so that most of the soil is screened out, and the treatment cost for cleaning the pineapple stems 13 subsequently is reduced. In addition, the edge of the scraper blade for inserting into soil is preferably provided with rake teeth. Therefore, when the soil collector shovels the lower section 12 of the pineapple plant 1, the soil is ploughed, and the ploughing cost of subsequent planting is saved.
It should be noted that the stone picker can be a farmland stone picker with the publication number of CN2490798 or a farmland stone picker under the flag of the agriculture science and technology ltd of the hawyong, tezhou.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) cutting the pineapple plant by using a rotary cutter type cutting device to divide the pineapple plant into an upper section and a lower section, and harvesting the upper section of the pineapple plant;
(b) and (4) removing the lower section of the pineapple plant from the soil by using equipment, and harvesting the lower section of the pineapple plant.
2. The two-step mechanical pineapple stem and leaf harvesting process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary knife type cutting device cuts the pineapple plant at a position 15cm-20cm from the ground to divide the pineapple plant into an upper section and a lower section.
3. The two-step mechanical pineapple stem and leaf harvesting process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotary cutter type cutting device comprises a travelling mechanism and one or more rotary cutters arranged on the travelling mechanism; the height of the rotary cutter from the ground is 15cm-20cm, the travelling mechanism drives the rotary cutter to move, and the rotary cutter rotates to cut pineapple plants.
4. The two-step mechanical pineapple stem and leaf harvesting process as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotary cutter type cutting device is a rotary cutter type mower.
5. The two-stage mechanized stem and leaf harvesting process according to claim 1, wherein in step (b), the lower segment of the pineapple plant is removed from the soil by a stone picker.
6. The two-step mechanized harvesting process of pineapple stems and leaves according to claim 5, wherein the stone picker comprises a traveling device, a soil collector driven by the traveling device to move, a rotary screen connected with the soil collector, and a material collecting box arranged at an outlet of the rotary screen.
7. The two-step pineapple stem and leaf mechanized harvesting process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil collector is an inclined scraper capable of being inserted into soil, and rake teeth are arranged on the edge of the scraper for being inserted into soil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110884504.4A CN113455183A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | Pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110884504.4A CN113455183A (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | Pineapple stem and leaf mechanized two-step harvesting process |
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| CN113455183A true CN113455183A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI861816B (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2024-11-11 | 晉億實業股份有限公司 | Leave separator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1215545A (en) * | 1997-10-26 | 1999-05-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业机械研究所 | Semi-feed sugar-cane combine harvester |
| JP2001186807A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2001-07-10 | Seirei Ind Co Ltd | Harvester |
| CN2490798Y (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-05-15 | 新疆生产建设兵团农业建设第十师农机局 | Field srones picking machine |
| CN204272686U (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-22 | 石家庄市中州机械制造有限公司 | A kind ofly utilize corn combine with the stalk segmentation of tractor |
| CN107094424A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of stalk crop harvester |
| CN107232403A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-10-10 | 山东省阳信广富畜产品有限公司 | A kind of whole corn silage preparation method for feeding beef cattle |
| CN208445969U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-02-01 | 曹凤豹 | Stone collector, root crop harvest all-in-one machine |
| CN109392473A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-01 | 盐城工业职业技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods for the harvesting method and peanut that peanut stem end point is received |
| CN208754717U (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-04-19 | 南华大学 | pineapple harvester |
| CN208783262U (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-04-26 | 广西科技大学 | A pineapple picking device |
-
2021
- 2021-08-03 CN CN202110884504.4A patent/CN113455183A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1215545A (en) * | 1997-10-26 | 1999-05-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业机械研究所 | Semi-feed sugar-cane combine harvester |
| JP2001186807A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2001-07-10 | Seirei Ind Co Ltd | Harvester |
| CN2490798Y (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-05-15 | 新疆生产建设兵团农业建设第十师农机局 | Field srones picking machine |
| CN204272686U (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-22 | 石家庄市中州机械制造有限公司 | A kind ofly utilize corn combine with the stalk segmentation of tractor |
| CN107232403A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-10-10 | 山东省阳信广富畜产品有限公司 | A kind of whole corn silage preparation method for feeding beef cattle |
| CN107094424A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of stalk crop harvester |
| CN208445969U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-02-01 | 曹凤豹 | Stone collector, root crop harvest all-in-one machine |
| CN208754717U (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-04-19 | 南华大学 | pineapple harvester |
| CN208783262U (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-04-26 | 广西科技大学 | A pineapple picking device |
| CN109392473A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-01 | 盐城工业职业技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods for the harvesting method and peanut that peanut stem end point is received |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI861816B (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2024-11-11 | 晉億實業股份有限公司 | Leave separator |
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