CN113432173B - Photovoltaic direct-driven solar energy cross-season heat storage and supply system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic direct-driven solar energy cross-season heat storage and supply system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1045—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump and solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/11—Geothermal energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
- F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/14—Solar energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic direct-driven solar cross-season heat storage and supply system and an operation method thereof. The system comprises a solar heat collector, a heat collecting water tank, a heat pump unit, a buried pipe group, a terminal device, a photovoltaic battery pack, a protection switch, a temperature control switch, a storage battery, a control switch, a temperature sensor, a heat storage direct current circulating pump, a heat collecting direct current circulating pump, a terminal circulating pump, a ground source circulating pump, various control valves and a heat storage flow regulating valve. The matching property of the photovoltaic power generation and the solar heat collection utilizes the photovoltaic output power as a control signal of the heat collection/storage process, and auxiliary control systems such as additional electronic control and data processing are not needed, so that the control process of system operation is simplified, and the control cost and the construction cost are reduced; on the other hand, the direct current circulating pump is directly driven to provide power for heat collection/heat storage circulation, so that the running cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of renewable energy sources, in particular to a photovoltaic direct-driven solar cross-season heat storage and supply system and an operation method thereof.
Background
In China, solar radiation in winter is generally lower than that in summer, and the problem of energy use season difference has a great influence on solar energy utilization. According to different installation angles, the total solar daily radiation amount in winter is 20% -60% lower than that in summer, so that solar heat storage is more and more focused across seasons.
The application No. 201610306157.6 discloses a solar cross-season heat collection and soil heat storage system and method, the system comprising a solar heat collection system, a soil heat storage system and a control system. Solar heat collection and soil heat storage are performed by the control system according to the water temperature and the soil temperature in seasons. The problems are: the complex electronic control and auxiliary system is required to be independently arranged, a plurality of temperature sensors and control valves are required to be installed, heat transfer is realized by adopting the heat exchange coil pipes in the heat exchange water tank, heat storage efficiency is reduced, and the control system is complex. Meanwhile, the influence of the pump consumption of the water pump on the operation efficiency of the system in the heat storage process is not considered, and the power consumption of the heat collection pump and the heat storage pump in actual operation often accounts for more than 20% of the total power consumption of the system all the year round.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a photovoltaic direct-driven solar cross-season heat storage and supply system and an operation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention for solving the technical problems of the system is that a solar energy cross-season heat storage and supply system directly driven by photovoltaic is provided, which is characterized by comprising a solar heat collector, a heat collection water tank, a heat pump unit, an underground pipe group, an end device, a photovoltaic battery pack, a protection switch, a temperature control switch, a storage battery, a control switch, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, a heat storage direct current circulating pump, a heat collection direct current circulating pump, an end circulating pump, a ground source circulating pump, a first heat storage control valve, a second heat storage control valve, a first heat collection control valve, a second heat collection control valve, a first end control valve, a second end control valve, a third end control valve, a first ground source control valve, a second ground source control valve, a first water tank heat storage control valve, a second water tank heat storage control valve and a flow regulating valve;
the outlet of the solar heat collector, the first heat storage control valve, the heat storage inlet of the buried pipe group, the heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group, the second heat storage control valve, the heat storage direct current circulating pump and the inlet of the solar heat collector are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat storage main circuit circulation;
the heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group, the second heat storage control valve, the heat storage direct current circulating pump, the heat storage flow regulating valve and the heat storage inlet of the buried pipe group are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form solar heat storage branch circulation;
the outlet of the solar heat collector, the first heat collection control valve, the high-temperature inlet of the heat collection water tank, the low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, the second heat collection control valve, the heat collection direct current circulating pump and the inlet of the solar heat collector are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form solar heat collection circulation;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, the first tail end control valve, the tail end circulating pump, the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit, the condenser outlet of the heat pump unit, the inlet of the tail end device, the outlet of the tail end device, the second tail end control valve and the low-temperature inlet of the heat collection water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form tail end heat supply circulation;
the condenser outlet of the heat pump unit, the inlet of the terminal device, the outlet of the terminal device, the third terminal control valve, the terminal circulating pump and the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form independent heat supply circulation of the heat pump unit;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, the first water tank heat storage control valve, the ground source circulating pump, the heat taking inlet of the buried pipe group, the heat taking outlet of the buried pipe group and the low-temperature inlet of the second water tank heat storage control valve and the heat collection water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form heat supply Ji Chure circulation;
the evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit, the first ground source control valve, the ground source circulating pump, the heat taking inlet of the buried pipe group, the heat taking outlet of the buried pipe group, the second ground source control valve and the evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a ground source heat taking cycle;
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the solar heat collector; the second temperature sensor is arranged at the low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank; the third temperature sensor is arranged at a high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank; the fourth temperature sensor is arranged at a heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group;
the photovoltaic battery pack is electrically connected with the storage battery; the photovoltaic battery pack is electrically connected with the heat collection direct current circulating pump through the protection switch and the temperature control switch; the photovoltaic battery pack is electrically connected with the heat storage direct current circulating pump through the protection switch; the storage battery is electrically connected with the heat storage direct current circulating pump through the control switch; the storage battery is electrically connected with the heat collection direct current circulating pump through the control switch and the temperature control switch; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both in communication connection with the temperature control switch.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the operation method is that the invention provides an operation method of a photovoltaic direct-driven solar cross-season heat storage and supply system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
non-heating season
When the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack is not less than the running power of the heat storage direct current circulating pump, the protection switch is in a closed state, and a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack and the heat storage direct current circulating pump is in a passage state; when the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack and the output power of the storage battery meets the starting power of the heat storage direct current circulating pump, the heat storage direct current circulating pump is started, the solar heat storage main circuit circulates and starts to operate, and the heat collected by the solar heat collector is stored in the buried pipe group; after the solar heat storage main circuit circulation starts to run, the control switch is turned off, and at the moment, the heat storage direct current circulation pump independently provides electric energy by the photovoltaic battery pack;
when the temperature acquired by the fourth temperature sensor is higher than a set value, opening a heat storage flow regulating valve, and simultaneously operating a solar heat storage main circuit cycle and a solar heat storage branch circuit cycle;
when the solar heat storage main circuit fails and the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor is higher than a set value, the solar heat collection cycle is operated, the heat collected by the solar heat collector is stored in the heat collection water tank, and the outlet temperature of the solar heat collector is reduced;
(II) Heat supply season
When the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack is not less than the running power of the heat collection direct current circulating pump, the protection switch is in a closed state; when the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor is higher than that acquired by the second temperature sensor, the temperature control switch is in a closed state, and at the moment, a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack and the heat collection direct current circulating pump and a circuit between the storage battery and the heat collection direct current circulating pump are in a passage state; when the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack and the output power of the storage battery meets the starting power of the heat collection direct current circulating pump, the heat collection direct current circulating pump is started, and solar heat collection circulation is operated; after that, the control switch is turned off, and the heat collection direct current circulating pump is independently powered by the photovoltaic battery pack;
after the solar heat collection circulation is operated, when the temperature acquired by the third temperature sensor reaches a certain set value, the tail end circulation pump is started, and the tail end heat supply circulation is operated to supply heat to a user; when the temperature acquired by the third temperature sensor is lower than a certain set value, the independent heat supply cycle of the heat pump unit is operated to supply heat to a user; when the temperature acquired by the third temperature sensor exceeds a certain set value, the heat supply Ji Chure is operated for circulation, and the redundant heat in the heat collection water tank is stored into the buried pipe group;
under the working condition that the compressor of the heat pump unit is started, the ground source circulating pump is started simultaneously, and the ground source heating cycle is operated to provide heat for the heat pump unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, according to the characteristic of uniform aging of photo-thermal and photovoltaic power generation, the traditional heat collecting pump and heat storage pump are replaced by the photovoltaic-driven direct current pump, the photovoltaic output power is used as a control signal of the heat collecting/heat storage process, and additional auxiliary control systems such as electronic control and data processing are not needed, so that the control process of system operation is simplified, the control cost is reduced, and the aim of zero electric consumption in the heat collecting and heat storage process is fulfilled.
(2) The application of the temperature control switch and the protection switch reduces unnecessary heat dissipation of the heat collection water tank in winter, and avoids the problem of overheat of the water pump motor caused by the fact that a circuit is connected when the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack is smaller than the running power of the direct current pump. The heat collecting water tank is only used in a heating season, and the volume of the heat collecting water tank is greatly reduced.
(3) The control switch and the storage battery are applied, the fact that the starting power of the direct current water pump is far greater than the running power and the time for which high power is needed is short is considered, so that the control switch is used for controlling the storage battery to be connected, the power requirement of the water pump on the photovoltaic power generation battery pack during starting is reduced, the direct current water pump can be disconnected after starting, the direct current water pump is started to run when the output power of the photovoltaic power generation battery pack meets the running power of the water pump, the requirement on the output power of the photovoltaic power generation battery pack is reduced, the running time of the water pump is prolonged, and the heat collection/heat storage efficiency is improved. In addition, the storage battery is only put into use in the starting stage of the water pump, so that the configuration capacity of the storage battery is greatly reduced.
(4) After the direct current water pump is started, only a small amount of photovoltaic cell panels are needed, enough direct current can be generated to directly drive the direct current circulating pump, power is provided for heat collection/heat storage circulation, the heat collection and heat storage circulation can be operated without mains supply connection, and the operation cost is effectively saved. Meanwhile, the operation of different cycles is realized through the temperature sensor.
(5) Compared with an alternating current circulating pump, the system does not need matching equipment such as an inverter, a frequency converter and the like, and has the advantages of low construction cost, high efficiency, long service life and the like.
(6) The system can flexibly adjust the opening of the heat storage flow regulating valve according to the change of the heat storage performance of the solar heat collector and the buried pipe, and coordinate the problem of difference of flow requirements of the solar heat collector and the buried pipe heat exchanger, thereby realizing the matching of the heat collection capacity of the solar heat collector and the heat storage capacity of the buried pipe.
(7) In the whole, the system reduces the consumption of conventional energy sources in the solar heat collection and storage process, improves the heat storage efficiency and the solar resource utilization rate, and simplifies the system operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
in the figure, a solar heat collector 1, a heat collecting water tank 2, a heat pump unit 5, a buried pipe group 6, an end device 7, a photovoltaic battery pack 8, a protection switch 9, a temperature control switch 10, a storage battery 11, a control switch 12, a first temperature sensor 13, a second temperature sensor 14, a third temperature sensor 15 and a fourth temperature sensor 16;
a heat storage direct current circulating pump 31, a heat collection direct current circulating pump 32, a tail end circulating pump 33 and a ground source circulating pump 34;
first heat storage control valve 411, second heat storage control valve 412, first heat collection control valve 421, second heat collection control valve 422, first end control valve 431, second end control valve 432, third end control valve 433, first ground source control valve 441, second ground source control valve 442, first tank heat storage control valve 451, second tank heat storage control valve 452, heat storage flow rate adjustment valve 46, drain valve 47, and purge valve 48.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are provided only for further elaboration of the invention and do not limit the scope of the claims of the present application.
The invention provides a photovoltaic direct-driven solar energy cross-season heat storage and supply system (system for short), which is characterized by comprising a solar heat collector 1, a heat collection water tank 2, a heat pump unit 5, a ground buried pipe group 6, an end device 7, a photovoltaic battery group 8, a protection switch 9, a temperature control switch 10, a storage battery 11, a control switch 12, a first temperature sensor 13, a second temperature sensor 14, a third temperature sensor 15, a fourth temperature sensor 16, a heat storage direct-current circulating pump 31, a heat collection direct-current circulating pump 32, an end circulating pump 33, a ground source circulating pump 34, a first heat storage control valve 411, a second heat storage control valve 412, a first heat collection control valve 421, a second heat collection control valve 422, a first end control valve 431, a second end control valve 432, a third end control valve 433, a first ground source control valve 441, a second ground source control valve 442, a first water tank heat storage control valve 451, a second water tank heat storage control valve 452 and a flow regulating valve 46;
the outlet of the solar heat collector 1, the first heat storage control valve 411, the heat storage inlet of the ground buried pipe group 6, the heat storage outlet of the ground buried pipe group 6, the second heat storage control valve 412, the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 and the inlet of the solar heat collector 1 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat storage main circuit;
the heat storage outlet of the ground buried pipe group 6, the second heat storage control valve 412, the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31, the heat storage flow regulating valve 46 and the heat storage inlet of the ground buried pipe group 6 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form solar heat storage branch circulation; with the solar irradiation condition, the circulation flow of the heat storage branch is regulated by regulating the opening of the heat storage flow regulating valve 46, so that the distribution of the heat collection flow and the heat storage flow is realized;
the outlet of the solar heat collector 1, the first heat collection control valve 421, the high temperature inlet of the heat collection water tank 2, the low temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2, the second heat collection control valve 422, the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 and the inlet of the solar heat collector 1 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat collection cycle; the circulation only operates in a heating season or when the solar heat storage main circuit circulation fails;
the high temperature outlet of the heat collecting water tank 2, the first tail end control valve 431, the tail end circulating pump 33, the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit 5, the condenser outlet of the heat pump unit 5, the inlet of the tail end device 7, the outlet of the tail end device 7, the second tail end control valve 432 and the low temperature inlet of the heat collecting water tank 2 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form tail end heat supply circulation; the circulation has the advantages that heat of the solar heat collector 1 is transferred through the heat collecting water tank 2 and then is transmitted to the heat pump unit 5, so that the load side inlet temperature of the heat pump unit 5 is increased, the performance of the heat pump unit 5 is further improved, and the purpose that heat is supplied to the tail end device 7 by combining solar energy with a ground source heat pump is achieved.
The condenser outlet of the heat pump unit 5, the inlet of the terminal device 7, the outlet of the terminal device 7, the third terminal control valve 433, the terminal circulating pump 33 and the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit 5 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form independent heat supply circulation of the heat pump unit; when the solar heat collection is not available, the independent heat supply of the heat pump unit 5 is realized, and the pressure drop loss problem caused by adopting an open water tank is reduced.
The high temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2, the first water tank heat storage control valve 451, the ground source circulating pump 34, the heat taking inlet of the ground buried pipe group 6, the heat taking outlet of the ground buried pipe group 6, the second water tank heat storage control valve 452 and the low temperature inlet of the heat collection water tank 2 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form heat supply Ji Chure circulation;
the evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit 5, the first ground source control valve 441, the ground source circulating pump 34, the heat-taking inlet (i.e. the heat-storage outlet) of the ground buried pipe group 6, the heat-taking outlet (i.e. the heat-storage inlet) of the ground buried pipe group 6, the second ground source control valve 442 and the evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit 5 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a ground source heat-taking cycle;
the first temperature sensor 13 is arranged at the outlet of the solar heat collector 1 and is used for collecting the temperature at the outlet of the solar heat collector 1; the second temperature sensor 14 is arranged at the low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2 and is used for collecting the temperature at the low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2; the third temperature sensor 15 is arranged at the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2 and is used for collecting the temperature at the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2; the fourth temperature sensor 16 is arranged at the heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group 6 and is used for collecting the temperature at the heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group 6;
the output end of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 is electrically connected with the input end of the storage battery 11, the storage battery 11 is always in a charging state when the electric quantity is not full, and the storage battery is automatically not charged again after being full; the output end of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 is electrically connected with the power input end of the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 through the protection switch 9 and the temperature control switch 10; the output end of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 is electrically connected with the power input end of the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 through the protection switch 9; the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 determines the on-off state of the protection switch 9; the output end of the storage battery 11 is electrically connected with the power input end of the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 through the control switch 12; the output end of the storage battery 11 is electrically connected with the power input end of the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 through the control switch 12 and the temperature control switch 10; the first temperature sensor 13 and the second temperature sensor 14 are both in communication connection with the temperature control switch 10, and the on-off state of the temperature control switch 10 is determined by the temperature values acquired by the first temperature sensor 13 and the second temperature sensor 14.
Preferably, the system further comprises an evacuation valve 47 and a purge valve 48; one end of a pipeline of the evacuation valve 47 is communicated with a low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2, and the other end of the pipeline is communicated with an inlet of the solar heat collector 1 and is positioned on a bypass pipe of the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32; the purge valve 48 is provided at the outlet of the solar collector 1 at the highest point of the solar collector 1. In order to prevent the pipeline of the solar heat collecting cycle from freezing during the night of the heating season or during the daytime without the illumination condition, the evacuation valve 47 and the air release valve 48 are simultaneously opened to evacuate the water in the solar heat collecting cycle to the heat collecting water tank 2.
Preferably, the heat transfer working medium in the system is liquid working medium, preferably water, and antifreeze can be adopted in severe cold areas.
Preferably, the solar collector 1 is a heat pipe type vacuum tube collector.
Preferably, the photovoltaic cell group 8 is a photovoltaic array formed by a plurality of photovoltaic cell panels, converts solar energy into direct current, and directly adopts the direct current to supply power for the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32.
The invention also provides an operation method (simply referred to as an operation method) of the photovoltaic direct-driven solar energy cross-season heat storage and supply system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
non-heating season
When the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 is not less than the operation power of the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31, the protection switch 9 is in a closed state, and a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack 8 and the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 is in a passage state; when the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 and the output power of the storage battery 11 meets the starting power of the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31, the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 is started, the solar heat storage main circuit circulates and starts to operate, and the heat collected by the solar heat collector 1 is stored in the buried pipe group 6; after the solar heat storage main circuit circulation starts to run, the control switch 12 is turned off, and at the moment, the heat storage direct current circulation pump 31 is independently powered by the photovoltaic cell group 8;
after the solar heat storage main circuit circularly operates, when solar radiation is increased, solar heat energy absorbed by the solar heat collector 1 is increased, at the moment, the generated power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 is correspondingly increased, but the increase of the flow of the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 is smaller than the increase of the generated power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8, the outlet temperature of the solar heat collector 1 is increased, and further the heat storage outlet temperature of the ground buried pipe group 6 is increased, so when the temperature acquired by the fourth temperature sensor 16 is higher than a set value (35 ℃ in the embodiment), the heat storage flow regulating valve 46 is opened, and the solar heat storage main circuit and the solar heat storage branch circuit are simultaneously operated, and the opening of the heat storage flow regulating valve 46 is regulated according to the temperature measured by the fourth temperature sensor 16, so that the flow of the solar heat storage branch circuit is regulated, and the reasonable distribution of the heat collection flow and the heat storage flow is realized; the opening degree of the heat storage flow regulating valve 46 is increased, so that the effect of reducing the temperature of the high-temperature hot water at the outlet of the solar heat collector 1 is achieved, and the stable operation of the solar heat storage cycle is ensured;
when the solar heat storage main circuit fails and the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor 13 is higher than a set value (the temperature exceeds 80 ℃ in the embodiment, the buried pipe group 6 is damaged due to the overhigh temperature), the solar heat collection cycle is operated, the heat collected by the solar heat collector 1 is stored in the heat collection water tank 2, the outlet temperature of the solar heat collector 1 is reduced, and the solar heat storage main circuit is restored after the outlet temperature of the solar heat collector 1 is reduced to meet the requirement;
(II) Heat supply season
When the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 is not less than the operation power of the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32, the protection switch 9 is in a closed state; when the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor 13 is not higher than the temperature acquired by the second temperature sensor 14, the temperature control switch 10 is in an off state, and at the moment, a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack 8 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 and a circuit between the storage battery 11 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 are in an open state; when the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor 13 is higher than the temperature acquired by the second temperature sensor 14, the temperature control switch 10 is in a closed state, and at the moment, a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack 8 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 and a circuit between the storage battery 11 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 are in a passage state; when the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack 8 and the output power of the storage battery 11 meets the starting power of the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32, the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 is started, and the solar heat collection circulation starts to operate; thereafter, the control switch 12 is turned off, and the heat collecting direct current circulating pump 32 is individually supplied with electric energy by the photovoltaic cell group 8;
after the solar heat collection circulation is operated, when the temperature at the high temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2 collected by the third temperature sensor 15 reaches a set value (40-45 ℃ in the embodiment), the first end control valve 431 and the second end control valve 432 are opened, the end circulation pump 33 is started, and the end heat supply circulation is operated to supply heat to a user; when the temperature at the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2 collected by the third temperature sensor 15 is lower (lower than 35 ℃), the third end control valve 433 is opened, the first end control valve 431 and the second end control valve 432 are closed, and the independent heat supply cycle of the heat pump unit is operated to supply heat to a user; when the temperature at the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank 2 exceeds a set value (60 ℃ in the embodiment) due to the fact that heat supply is not needed for a long time or solar heat collection is larger than the heat demand of the tail end of the building, the heat supply Ji Chure is operated for circulation, and redundant heat in the heat collection water tank 2 is stored in the buried pipe group 6 so as to improve heat collection efficiency and reduce heat dissipation of the water tank for use under other working conditions in a heating season;
under the working condition that the compressor of the heat pump unit 5 is started, the ground source circulating pump 34 is started simultaneously, and the ground source heating cycle is operated to provide heat for the heat pump unit 5.
In the invention, the output of heat of the solar heat collector 1 is related to the flow of the heat transfer working medium flowing through the solar heat collector 1, and the flow of the water pump is influenced by the output power of the photovoltaic. When the heat generated by the solar heat collector 1 increases, if the flow rate flowing through the solar heat collector 1 is unchanged, the temperature difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the solar heat collector 1 increases, otherwise, if the temperature difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the solar heat collector 1 is ensured to be unchanged, the flow rate required to flow through the solar heat collector 1 increases. If a direct current water pump driven by photovoltaic is adopted, the flow of the solar heat collector 1 changes along with the power change of the water pump, and the temperature of the solar heat collector 1 is only required to be ensured to change within a certain range. In this way, the change of the power generation power is directly changed into the change of the input power of the water pump, and the matching of the photovoltaic power generation and the heat collection amount can be realized as long as the designed photovoltaic area is matched with the area of the solar heat collector 1.
On the other hand, solar heat collection and soil heat storage also need to be matched to realize solar heat storage across seasons. However, in the design, the soil heat storage flow rate and the solar heat collector flow rate are not the same, so that the flow control problem needs to be considered. The heat transfer coefficient of the soil is often smaller than that of the solar heat collector 1, so that the heat storage flow of the soil is larger than that of the solar heat collector 1 in general. The bypass control method is adopted in the invention, and the problem of flow distribution between the flow of the heat collector and the soil heat storage flow is realized by arranging a solar heat storage branch circulation and arranging a heat storage flow control valve 46 and controlling the size of the bypass flow.
In summary, the invention fully considers the operation matching problem of the photovoltaic battery pack 8, the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32, considers the flow matching problem of the solar heat collector 1 and the buried pipe group 6 by arranging the heat storage flow regulating valve, and also considers the overheat protection problem and the winter heat collection circulating heat dissipation problem before the operation of the heat storage direct current circulating pump 31 and the heat collection direct current circulating pump 32 by arranging the protection switch and the temperature control switch. The problem that the water pump is difficult to put into operation because the starting power of the water pump is far greater than the running power is solved by arranging the storage battery 11 and the control switch 12.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.
Claims (4)
1. The operation method of the solar energy cross-season heat storage and supply system directly driven by the photovoltaic comprises a solar heat collector, a heat collection water tank, a heat pump unit, an underground pipe group, an end device, a photovoltaic battery pack, a protection switch, a temperature control switch, a storage battery, a control switch, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, a heat storage direct current circulating pump, a heat collection direct current circulating pump, an end circulating pump, a ground source circulating pump, a first heat storage control valve, a second heat storage control valve, a first heat collection control valve, a second heat collection control valve, a first end control valve, a second end control valve, a third end control valve, a first ground source control valve, a second ground source control valve, a first water tank heat storage control valve, a second water tank heat storage control valve and a heat storage flow regulating valve;
the outlet of the solar heat collector, the first heat storage control valve, the heat storage inlet of the buried pipe group, the heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group, the second heat storage control valve, the heat storage direct current circulating pump and the inlet of the solar heat collector are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat storage main circuit circulation;
the heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group, the second heat storage control valve, the heat storage direct current circulating pump, the heat storage flow regulating valve and the heat storage inlet of the buried pipe group are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form solar heat storage branch circulation;
the outlet of the solar heat collector, the first heat collection control valve, the high-temperature inlet of the heat collection water tank, the low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, the second heat collection control valve, the heat collection direct current circulating pump and the inlet of the solar heat collector are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form solar heat collection circulation;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, the first tail end control valve, the tail end circulating pump, the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit, the condenser outlet of the heat pump unit, the inlet of the tail end device, the outlet of the tail end device, the second tail end control valve and the low-temperature inlet of the heat collection water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form tail end heat supply circulation;
the condenser outlet of the heat pump unit, the inlet of the terminal device, the outlet of the terminal device, the third terminal control valve, the terminal circulating pump and the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form independent heat supply circulation of the heat pump unit;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, the first water tank heat storage control valve, the ground source circulating pump, the heat taking inlet of the buried pipe group, the heat taking outlet of the buried pipe group and the low-temperature inlet of the second water tank heat storage control valve and the heat collection water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form heat supply Ji Chure circulation;
the evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit, the first ground source control valve, the ground source circulating pump, the heat taking inlet of the buried pipe group, the heat taking outlet of the buried pipe group, the second ground source control valve and the evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a ground source heat taking cycle;
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the solar heat collector; the second temperature sensor is arranged at the low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank; the third temperature sensor is arranged at a high-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank; the fourth temperature sensor is arranged at a heat storage outlet of the buried pipe group;
the photovoltaic battery pack is electrically connected with the storage battery; the photovoltaic battery pack is electrically connected with the heat collection direct current circulating pump through the protection switch and the temperature control switch; the photovoltaic battery pack is electrically connected with the heat storage direct current circulating pump through the protection switch; the storage battery is electrically connected with the heat storage direct current circulating pump through the control switch; the storage battery is electrically connected with the heat collection direct current circulating pump through the control switch and the temperature control switch; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both in communication connection with the temperature control switch;
the operation method comprises the following steps:
non-heating season
When the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack is not less than the running power of the heat storage direct current circulating pump, the protection switch is in a closed state, and a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack and the heat storage direct current circulating pump is in a passage state; when the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack and the output power of the storage battery meets the starting power of the heat storage direct current circulating pump, the heat storage direct current circulating pump is started, the solar heat storage main circuit circulates and starts to operate, and the heat collected by the solar heat collector is stored in the buried pipe group; after the solar heat storage main circuit circulation starts to run, the control switch is turned off, and at the moment, the heat storage direct current circulation pump independently provides electric energy by the photovoltaic battery pack;
when the temperature acquired by the fourth temperature sensor is higher than a set value, opening a heat storage flow regulating valve, and simultaneously operating a solar heat storage main circuit cycle and a solar heat storage branch circuit cycle;
when the solar heat storage main circuit fails and the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor is higher than a set value, the solar heat collection cycle is operated, the heat collected by the solar heat collector is stored in the heat collection water tank, and the outlet temperature of the solar heat collector is reduced;
(II) Heat supply season
When the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack is not less than the running power of the heat collection direct current circulating pump, the protection switch is in a closed state; when the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor is higher than that acquired by the second temperature sensor, the temperature control switch is in a closed state, and at the moment, a circuit between the photovoltaic battery pack and the heat collection direct current circulating pump and a circuit between the storage battery and the heat collection direct current circulating pump are in a passage state; when the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic battery pack and the output power of the storage battery meets the starting power of the heat collection direct current circulating pump, the heat collection direct current circulating pump is started, and solar heat collection circulation is operated; after that, the control switch is turned off, and the heat collection direct current circulating pump is independently powered by the photovoltaic battery pack;
after the solar heat collection circulation is operated, when the temperature acquired by the third temperature sensor reaches a certain set value, the tail end circulation pump is started, and the tail end heat supply circulation is operated to supply heat to a user; when the temperature acquired by the third temperature sensor is lower than a certain set value, the independent heat supply cycle of the heat pump unit is operated to supply heat to a user; when the temperature acquired by the third temperature sensor exceeds a certain set value, the heat supply Ji Chure is operated for circulation, and the redundant heat in the heat collection water tank is stored into the buried pipe group;
under the working condition that the compressor of the heat pump unit is started, the ground source circulating pump is started simultaneously, and the ground source heating cycle is operated to provide heat for the heat pump unit.
2. The method of operating a photovoltaic direct drive solar cross-season heat storage and supply system of claim 1, further comprising an evacuation valve and a purge valve; one end of a pipeline of the evacuation valve is communicated with a low-temperature outlet of the heat collection water tank, and the other end of the pipeline of the evacuation valve is communicated with an inlet of the solar heat collector; the air release valve is arranged on the highest point of the solar heat collector.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar collector is a heat pipe vacuum tube collector.
4. The method for operating a solar energy seasonal heat storage and supply system with direct photovoltaic drive according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic cell group is a photovoltaic array formed by a plurality of photovoltaic cell panels, the solar energy is converted into direct current, and the direct current is supplied to the heat storage direct current circulating pump and the heat collection direct current circulating pump.
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| CN114688764B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 天津市滨海新区环境创新研究院 | Control method of PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system |
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