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CN113423491A - 混合装置 - Google Patents

混合装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113423491A
CN113423491A CN202080010545.4A CN202080010545A CN113423491A CN 113423491 A CN113423491 A CN 113423491A CN 202080010545 A CN202080010545 A CN 202080010545A CN 113423491 A CN113423491 A CN 113423491A
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gas
liquid
mixing device
mixing
metering unit
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曼弗雷德·里德林格
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Lanpu Production System Co.,Ltd.
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Lanpu Holding Co ltd
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    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
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    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将第一液体和第二液体与气体进行混合的混合装置(10)，其包括混合室(16)和气体注入装置(36)，其中气体注入装置(36)具有气体源(40)和计量单元(42)，该计量单元被设计为将气体源(40)提供的气体限制在预定的流量下并且其在气体出口侧与混合室(16)接触，其中计量单元(42)的气体出口侧具有细长间隙(32)，气体经由该间隙从计量单元(42)流出进入到混合室(16)中。

Description

混合装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将第一液体和第二液体与气体进行混合的混合装置。
背景技术
迄今为止已知的混合装置使用至少一个搅拌元件(例如，溶解器盘)将气体(例如，空气)与液体或液体混合物进行混合。由于搅拌元件对液体或液体混合物的作用而产生高剪切力，由此尤其是使液体或液体混合物的触变性发生变化。
特别地，在与另一种液体混合之前已经将气体供应至一种液体的情况下，气体混合的液体的可压缩性会对计量精度产生不利影响，因此两种液体彼此进行混合的比例不能准确地调整，或者至少只能针对装载程度通过大量的测量工作来调整。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种混合装置，其能够以简化的方式将气体与至少一种液体混合并且不会不利地影响待混合的组分。
上述目的通过一种用于将第一液体和第二液体与气体进行混合的混合装置来实现，其包括使第一液体与第二液体在其中进行接触的混合室以及被设计为将气体注入到混合室中的气体注入装置，其中该气体注入装置具有：
提供预定压力的气体的气体源；
计量单元，其被设计为将气体源提供的气体限制在预定的流量下并且其在气体出口侧与混合室接触，其中计量单元的气体出口侧具有细长间隙，气体经由该细长间隙从计量单元流出进入到混合室中。
在这一点上应该已经注意到，术语“液体”应理解为表示液体和糊状材料，即总体上适合与气体进行混合的任何材料。
由于在根据本发明的混合装置中不使用气体分散用搅拌元件，因此可以避免高剪切力。此外，这能够使得特定的液体或液-气混合物的温度基本上是均匀的。
由于在根据本发明的混合装置中气体被供应到混合室，因此待混合的液体在它们被引入到混合室中之前可以保持不可压缩。因此，可以高度精确地调节混合室中的两种液体的混合比例。还可以使用高触变性材料。即使在与另一种液体接触之前仅将气体供应至一种液体，也能在混合室内保留这种积极效果。
与计量喷嘴不同，根据本发明的具有细长间隙的计量单元允许气体以精细且平面的方式被引入到液体混合物中。
在根据本发明的混合装置中，经由主要存在于混合室中的压力与主要存在于气体源中的压力之间的压差来控制气体的量。以这种方式，引入到混合室中的气体的量可以直接取决于混合室压力。
计量单元可以有利地由彼此耦合的两个平面元件形成。在这种情况下，从膜功能的意义上说，细长间隙可以通过彼此叠置的两个表面的粗糙度来形成。
平面元件可以基本上在它们的整个表面上彼此抵靠。通过特别是在细长间隙的深度方向上(即沿着平面元件之间的气体流动方向)确定平面元件的尺寸，可以设定诸如气泡的尺寸和/或被引入到混合室中的气体压力的参数。
此外，平面元件的抵靠表面的平均表面粗糙度Ra可至多为0.1、特别是Ra至多为0.05、有利地是Ra为0.03。显然，较低的平均表面粗糙度形成较小的空气通道，而较高的平均表面粗糙度形成较大的空气通道。在这一点上应该注意，粗糙度Ra在此以μm为单位给出。
在本发明的一种改进中，平面元件可以被设计为环形盘，其中计量单元的气体出口侧可以形成在环的内侧。通过将细长间隙设计为环，可以扩大计量单元的用于将气体引入到液体混合物中的释放面积。如果计量单元的气体出口侧设置在环的内侧，则液体混合物例如可以完全被引导通过环并因此在液体混合物流的横截面上被气体均匀地渗透。
平面元件可以由金属、特别是诸如硬化钢的硬质金属和/或诸如硬质阳极氧化铝的铝和/或陶瓷和/或聚四氟乙烯制成。特别地，表面粗糙度可在制造后例如通过研磨进行调节的材料可以适用于制造平面元件。
此外，平面元件可由多孔材料制成。多孔材料在此特别是应被理解为可以使气体从其孔中穿过的开孔多孔材料。在这种情况下，平面元件也可以被设计为整体部件。当然，也可以想到闭孔材料。
在一种有利的改进中，计量单元可在大约20巴的压力下具有至多100cm3/s的流量，特别是在大约4巴的压力下具有至多20cm3/s的流量。已经证明，给出这些值可以实现液体混合物与气体的特别良好的混合。
当然，在根据本发明的混合装置的情况下，完全可以想到混合装置还可以包括将第一液体、第二液体和添加的气体彼此混合的搅拌装置。然而，如开头已经提到的，根据本发明可以省去负责分散、特别是使液体混合物中的气泡破裂的搅拌装置。
搅拌装置可以被设计为在至多10000rpm、特别是至多6000rpm的转速下运行。
在根据本发明的混合装置的一种可行的实施方式中，气体可以是空气。
在本发明的优点特别明显的一种应用中，第一液体的粘度可以为100mPa·s至500000mPa·s，特别是500mPa·s至100000mPa·s。
替代地或附加地，第二液体的粘度可以为20mPa·s至200000mPa·s，特别是150mPa·s至100000mPa·s。
特别地，第一液体可以是多元醇或有机硅A和/或第二液体可以是异氰酸酯或有机硅B。特别地，本发明可以不改变或至少仅略微改变多元醇的触变性，从而在处理多元醇时可以避免现有技术的混合装置中发生的那些改变触变性的不利影响。
一般来说，触变性分为“低触变性”、“中等触变性”和“高触变性”。
由气体源提供的气体的预定压力可以有利地是1巴至30巴，特别是15巴至25巴，有利地是24巴。
附图说明
下面将参考附图更详细地描述本发明，其中：
图1是根据本发明的混合装置的剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中，根据本发明的混合装置总体用附图标记10来表示。混合装置10包括壳体12，其中设置有在流过混合装置10的液体的主流动方向A上延伸的元件14。元件14形成混合室16的外壁。第一液体在进入混合室16的第一入口点18处被引入到混合室16中。第二液体在第二入口点20处被引入到混合室16中。
第一液体和第二液体的各自的源或储存器设置在上级组件(未被示出)中，该上级组件相对于主流动方向A设置在上游并且混合装置10可以经由诸如紧固螺母22的紧固装置22连接至该上级组件。
靠近两种液体的进入点18和20设置有第一平面元件24，其下侧部26通过与第一平面元件24和壳体12配合的密封件28而相对于径向外侧被密封。在这种情况下，第一平面元件24基本上被设计为环形盘。
第一平面元件24的径向内部抵靠由界定混合室16的元件14的环形部分形成的第二平面元件30。
在第一平面元件24与第二平面元件30之间形成间隙32，气体可以通过该间隙以限定的方式进入混合室16。为了在间隙32的径向外侧上提供气体，设置了围绕间隙的环形凹槽34，该环形凹槽形成在第一平面元件24中。在图1中右侧所示的一侧上，环形凹槽34与将环形凹槽34连接至围绕壳体12的外部的孔38液体连通，使得气体源40可以在预定压力下向环形凹槽34提供气体。
以这种方式，由第一平面元件24和第二平面元件30形成的间隙32形成计量单元42，其可以围绕包含有已在入口点18和20处引入到混合室16中的第一液体或第二液体的液体混合物流的整个外圆周将气体源40提供的气体(例如，空气)引入到液体混合物中。计量单元42和气体源40可以一起看作为气体注入装置36。
通过对应地形成或处理彼此接触的第一平面元件24和第二平面元件30的表面的表面粗糙度，可以非常精确地调节穿过间隙32的气体的量和/或从间隙32进入到位于混合室16中的液体混合物的气泡的尺寸。
在混合室16的中央设置有搅拌装置44，其被设计为将第一液体、第二液体和气体彼此混合。在图1中可以看出，计量单元42或间隙32紧邻第一液体的进入点18和第二液体的进入点20设置。以这种方式，可以使从混合装置10的最初使第一液体、第二液体和气体彼此进行混合的部分到混合装置10的分配端部46的输送路径最大化，由此可以改进上述组分混合的结果。
搅拌装置44在其外圆周上具有凹槽48，其可以提高气-液混合物的保持力，从而改善组分的混合。
混合装置10还包括封闭单元50，其包括可以与搅拌装置44相互作用的封闭元件52，从而可以防止气-液混合物从混合装置10的分配端部46泄漏。为了关闭封闭单元50，可以将预定压力下的液体引入到设置在混合装置10的壳体12中的空间54中，从而使封闭单元50的升降装置56在图1中的向上的方向上移动，以使封闭元件52更靠近搅拌装置44，即封闭分配端部46。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于将第一液体和第二液体与气体进行混合的混合装置(10)，其包括：
混合室(16)，所述第一液体与所述第二液体在其中进行接触；以及
气体注入装置(36)，其被设计为将气体注入到所述混合室(16)中，
其中所述气体注入装置(36)具有：
提供预定压力的所述气体的气体源(40)，以及
计量单元(42)，其被设计为将所述气体源(40)提供的所述气体限制在预定的流量下并且其在气体出口侧与所述混合室(16)接触，
其中所述计量单元(42)的所述气体出口侧具有细长间隙(32)，所述气体经由所述细长间隙(32)从所述计量单元(42)流出进入到所述混合室(16)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述计量单元(42)由彼此耦合的两个平面元件(24，30)形成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述平面元件(24，30)基本上在它们的整个表面上彼此抵靠。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述平面元件(24，30)的抵靠的所述表面的平均表面粗糙度Ra至多为0.1，特别是Ra至多为0.05，有利地Ra为0.03。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述平面元件(24，30)被设计为环形盘，其中所述计量单元(42)的所述气体出口侧形成在所述环的内侧。
6.根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述平面元件(24，30)由金属、特别是钢或铝和/或陶瓷和/或聚四氟乙烯制成。
7.根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述平面元件(24，30)由多孔材料制成。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述计量单元(42)在大约20巴的压力下具有至多100cm3/s的流量，特别是在大约4巴的压力下具有至多20cm3/s的流量。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述混合装置(10)还包括将所述第一液体、所述第二液体和添加的所述气体彼此混合的搅拌装置(44)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述搅拌装置(44)被设计为在至多10000rpm、特别是至多6000rpm的转速下运行。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述气体为空气。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述第一液体的粘度为100mPa·s至500000mPa·s，特别是500mPa·s至100000mPa·s。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述第二液体的粘度为20mPa·s至200000mPa·s，特别是150mPa·s至100000mPa·s。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述第一液体为多元醇或有机硅A和/或所述第二液体为异氰酸酯或有机硅B。
15.根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的混合装置(10)，其特征在于，所述气体源提供的所述气体的所述预定压力是1巴至30巴，特别是15巴至25巴，有利地是24巴。
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