CN113417078B - A kind of preparation method of high shrinkage orange petal type two-component spunbond spunbond microfiber leather base fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-shrinkage orange-petal-shaped two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric, which comprises the steps of firstly adding a hot air device and a fiber crimping device into a two-component spun-bonded/spunlace production line, and then spinning two-component composite fibers into a web; conveying the fiber web into a hot air device for thermal shrinkage treatment, and utilizing thermal shrinkage of high-shrinkage components in the two-component composite fiber to enable the two-component composite fiber to generate a cracking tendency; then the bicomponent composite fiber is separated from the fiber by a spunlace process and is mutually entangled; and conveying the spun-bonded spun-laced microfiber leather base cloth into a fiber crimping device, and performing shrinkage crimping treatment on the nonwoven cloth by using the fiber crimping device to enable the high-shrinkage component to be completely shrunk and crimped to obtain the two-component spun-bonded spun-laced microfiber leather base cloth. The method has the advantages of simple process flow, low production cost and low energy consumption, and can realize green and clean preparation of the microfiber leather base cloth by one-step method, and the prepared hollow orange petal type double-component spun-bonded spunlace leather base cloth has the characteristics of compactness, softness, stiffness and full hand feeling.

Description

A preparation method of a high-shrinkage segmental orange-shaped two-component spunbonded spunlaced microfiber leather base cloth

technical field

The invention relates to the field of non-woven fabrics, in particular to a preparation method of a high-shrinkage segmental orange-shaped two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base cloth.

Background technique

The pie-shaped ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric prepared by the two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven technology solves the environmental pollution problem caused by the sea-island fiber dissolving and opening the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric. The process is simple and can be used The preparation of light, high-strength microfiber nonwoven fabric can be widely used in the fields of microfiber leather, filtration, wiping, etc., especially in the field of microfiber leather, which can realize the green and clean preparation of microfiber leather base cloth. Application No. 201710026839.6 uses hollow segmented orange-shaped two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven fabric as the base fabric, and prepares spunbond filament segmental segmented microfiber leather through microfiber leather veneer technology. Application No. 201710026836.2 Spunbond method is used to prepare segmental-shaped composite filament fiber spunlace, and then prepare microfiber nonwoven fabric with gradient change in fiber fineness, and impregnate with polyurethane to obtain segmental-shaped ultra-fine fiber imitation leather base fabric.

However, the shortcomings of the hollow orange-shaped superfine fiber nonwovens prepared by two-component spunbond spunlace nonwovens in the field of microfiber leather are: The woven fabric has a flat and thin feel, insufficient fullness and softness, so its application range is greatly limited. Based on the above deficiencies, there are the following difficulties in the segmented segmental two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven technology: (1) The segmental segmented segmental hollow hollow composite fiber prepared from PET, PA6 or PP as the main raw material cannot produce crimps, parallel After the web is laid, the fibers are mostly parallel to each other, and the cross-section of the fibers after splitting is wedge-shaped, which is easy to pack tightly, and the prepared nonwoven fabric has insufficient elasticity and ductility; , there is the problem of sandwich fiber opening (high fiber opening rate on the surface of the nonwoven fabric, low fiber opening rate in the middle); (3) using high-pressure spunlace technology to open fibers, there is a problem of high energy consumption, how to reduce the energy consumption of spunlace, and at the same time Ensuring product quality has become difficult.

Therefore, in order to solve the problems of flat hand feeling, fullness and insufficient softness of nonwoven fabrics, the document of application number 201510422893.3 uses high-shrinkage polyester slices and nylon 6 slices, HSPET is the split part, PA6 is the rice word (bracket) part, and the weight The percentage is 55～65:45～35, and the polyester nylon composite fiber with boiling water shrinkage rate of about 10% is obtained, but the contact surface between the support and the lobes is large, and the friction force of the support is smaller than the shrinkage force of the fiber, so it is difficult to produce shrinkage. Effect. The document with the application number 201610355479.X uses modified nylon (COPA) and polyester (PET) as raw materials, and through the method of composite spinning, the orange segment ultrafine composite fiber with COPA as the support and PET as the lobes is obtained. During the dyeing process, the modified nylon and polyester parts peel off, and in the subsequent high-temperature dyeing process, the modified nylon shrinks further, and the fine-denier polyester is wrapped around the modified nylon fiber, so that the final fabric has a dense, crisp and plump texture. Effect. The above-mentioned processes are applied to traditional yarn fabrics, all of which require solvents to open the fiber and then shrink, the process is complicated, and it is not conducive to environmental protection.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-shrinkage segmental-shaped two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base cloth.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a method for preparing a high-shrinkage segmental orange-shaped two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base cloth, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

(1) A hot air device and a fiber crimping device are added to the two-component spunbond/spunlace production line; according to the spinning direction, the hot air device is set behind the web curtain; the fiber crimping device is set behind the press roller;

(2) The two-component composite fiber is spun into a web: first, the two polymers are conjugated to form a two-component raw silk melt; Stretching, the two-component composite fiber is evenly laid on the web curtain under the action of the negative pressure suction device to form a fiber web;

At least one of the two polymers is a high-shrinkage polymer, and the other is a conventional polymer capable of co-spinning with the high-shrinkage polymer;

(3) The fiber web prepared in step (2) is transported into the hot air device for thermal shrinkage treatment, and the thermal shrinkage of the high-shrinkage component in the two-component composite fiber is used to make the two-component composite fiber produce a splitting tendency; The puncture process splits the two-component composite fibers and entangles each other to obtain a two-component spunbond spunlaced nonwoven fabric;

(4) Transport the two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in step (3) to the fiber crimping device, and use the fiber crimping device to shrink and curl the nonwoven fabric, so that the two-component spunlace nonwoven fabric in the nonwoven fabric The high-shrinkage component of the composite fiber is completely shrunk and crimped to obtain a two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects of:

(1) One of the components in the two-component composite fiber of the present invention is a high-shrinkage component, which can realize the subsequent thermal shrinkage of the two-component composite fiber to promote splitting, and make the split high-shrinkage component shrink and crimp, Improve the fullness, softness and elasticity of nonwovens.

(2) The present invention adds a hot air device after forming a net curtain, and the high shrinkage component in the two-component composite fiber is shrunk by heat through the hot air device, and the two-component composite fiber is split by utilizing the different shrinkage rates of the two components trend, and even some fibers have been split, which reduces the spunlace pressure in the subsequent spunlace fiber opening process, which can greatly reduce the energy consumption of spunlace; at the same time, because the two components in the bicomponent composite fiber The interaction force between the interfaces restrains the shrinkage of the high-shrinkage component in the bicomponent composite fiber, so the high-shrinkage component in the bicomponent composite fiber does not fully shrink.

(3) The reduction of spunlace pressure can greatly reduce the energy consumption of spunlace. At the same time, the reduction of spunlace pressure makes the wedge-shaped microfiber arrangement in the nonwoven fabric relatively loose, which facilitates the complete shrinkage of subsequent high-shrinkage components.

(4) In the present invention, a fiber crimping device is added after the spunlace process, and the high-shrinkage component in the bicomponent composite fiber is fully shrunk and crimped through the fiber crimping device, so as to avoid tight accumulation of wedge-shaped ultrafine fibers after splitting , the surface of the non-woven fabric has the effect of velvet, and at the same time, the uncracked fibers are fully split, so that the non-woven fabric has the characteristics of softness, crispness and full hand feeling, which overcomes the two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric as a leather Defects in the performance of the base cloth.

(5) The process of the method is simple, the production cost and energy consumption are low, and the green and clean preparation of the microfiber leather base cloth can be realized in one step. Soft, crisp, and full-feeling features.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process route of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the topographic view of the fibers of the fiber web of Example 1 of the present invention after being treated by a hot air device;

Fig. 3 is the surface microscopic appearance figure of the superfiber leather base cloth that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares;

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional micro-morphological figure of the microfiber leather base cloth prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the topography figure of the long fiber of comparative example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the surface microscopic topography figure of the superfiber leather base cloth that comparative example 1 of the present invention prepares;

7 is a cross-sectional microscopic view of the microfiber leather base cloth prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Hopper; 2. Screw extruder; 3. Metering pump; 4. Two-component spinning assembly; 5. Side blowing cooling device; 6. Air drafting device; 7. Web curtain; 8. Negative pressure suction device; 9. Filament fiber web; 10. Hot air device; 11. Low-pressure spunlace head; 12. Water suction device; 13. Suction roller; 14. High-pressure spunlace head; 15. Pressure roller 16. Fiber crimping device; 17. Guide roller; 18. Drying box; 19. Winding device.

Detailed ways

Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific embodiments are only used to further describe the present invention in detail, and do not limit the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

The present invention provides a kind of preparation method (abbreviation method) of high-shrinkage segmental orange type two-component spunbonded spunlace superfiber leather base cloth, it is characterized in that, this method comprises the following steps:

(1) Add a hot air device 10 and a fiber crimping device 16 in the two-component spunbond/spunlace production line; according to the spinning direction, the hot air device 10 is installed between the web forming curtain 7 and the spunlace process, that is, the web forming curtain 7 (that is, the position after the fibers form the fiber web 9), and the front of the spunlace process; the fiber crimping device 16 is arranged between the pressing roller 15 and the drying box 18, that is, behind the pressing roller 15 and in front of the drying box 18 ;

(2) Two-component composite fiber is spun into a net: first, two kinds of polymers are formed into a two-component raw silk melt by conjugate spinning; Drafting by high-speed airflow, the two-component composite fiber is evenly laid on the web forming curtain 7 under the action of the negative pressure suction device 8 to form a fiber web 9;

At least one of the two polymers is a high-shrinkage polymer, and the other is a conventional polymer capable of co-spinning with the high-shrinkage polymer;

Preferably, in step (2), the conjugate spinning is to introduce the two kinds of polymer slices into the drying tower for pre-crystallization and drying treatment, and then send them into the respective screw extruders 2 through the respective hoppers 1 The two polymer melts are melted into a polymer melt, and then the two polymer melts are filtered through their respective melt filtration systems, and then fed into the two-component spinning assembly 4 through their respective metering pumps 3 at a certain pressure. In the spinneret of the two-component spinning assembly 4, it is extruded from the spinneret hole in a regular alternate arrangement to form a two-component raw silk melt;

Preferably, in step (2), the solubility parameter difference of the two polymers is greater than 0.5; the high-shrinkage polymer is high-shrinkage polyester (HSPET), high-shrinkage nylon (HSPA6), high-shrinkage polypropylene (HSPP), high Shrink polyacrylonitrile (HSPAN) and its modified polymers; conventional polymers are polyester, polyamide, polylactic acid, polypropylene, polyethylene and their blends, copolymers or modified polymers;

Preferably, in step (2), in the two-component raw silk melt, the volume ratio of the two polymer melts is 5-7:3-5; the shrinkage rate of the high-shrinkage component in the two-component composite fiber is 15 ~50%, the difference in shrinkage between the two components is greater than 30%;

Preferably, in step (2), the side blowing air temperature of the side blowing cooling device 5 is 15-28°C, the wind speed is 0.2-1m/s, and the relative humidity is 30-90%;

Preferably, in step (2), the airflow drafting device 7 is a tubular drafter, a wide slit drafter or a narrow slit drafter, and the drafting wind pressure is 0.1-1 MPa (preferably 0.3-0.6 MPa), the drawing speed is 2000-6000m/s, the temperature is 10-30°C, and the relative humidity is 40-90%;

Preferably, in step (2), the surface density of the fiber web 9 is 50-250 g/m ² ;

(3) The fiber web 9 that step (2) is made is transported in the hot-air device 10 and carries out heat-shrinkage treatment, adjusts temperature, humidity and wind speed in the hot-air device 10, makes the high-shrinkage component in the two-component composite fiber produce Heat shrinkage, using the heat shrinkage of the high-shrinkage component in the two-component composite fiber to make the two-component composite fiber have a tendency to split; and then through the hydroentanglement process, the two-component composite fiber is split and entangled with each other to obtain a two-component Spunbonded spunlace nonwovens;

Preferably, in step (3), the humidity in the hot air device 10 is 0 to 60%, the temperature is 80 to 180° C., and the wind speed is 0.01 to 0.1 m/s, ensuring that the wind speed does not affect the laying of the fiber web 9, and the fiber web 9 The residence time in the hot air device 10 is ≥ 2s;

Preferably, in step (3), the conveying speed of fibrous web 9 in the hot-blast device 10 is kept consistent with the conveying speed of web curtain 7; Wind speed and temperature, while ensuring that the residence time of the fiber web 9 in the hot air device 10 is ≥ 2s.

Increasing the humidity in the hot air device 10 can reduce the force between the two-component interfaces in the two-component composite fiber and promote the splitting of the fiber.

Preferably, in step (3), the hydroentanglement splitting process is as follows: the low-pressure hydroentanglement head 11 prepunctures, and the high-pressure hydroentanglement head 14 utilizes high-pressure water jets to split and defiber the two-component composite fibers and entangle each other.

Preferably, in step (3), the total pressure of spunlace is 20-100 Mpa. The lower spunlace pressure can make the two-component composite fiber split and separate from the fiber. This is because the high-shrinkage component of the two-component composite fiber is heated and shrinks after the fiber web passes through the hot air device, so that the fiber has an obvious tendency to split , even part of the fibers have been split, so when the fiber web 9 is hydroentangled, the lower hydroentanglement pressure can cause the fibers to split and separate.

(4) After the two-component spunbonded spunlaced nonwoven fabric obtained in step (3) is squeezed out of excess water through the pressing roller 15, it is transported to the fiber crimping device 16, and the nonwoven fabric is adjusted to be in the fiber crimping device 16. The input speed and output speed in the middle make the output speed of the nonwoven fabric less than the input speed, ensure that the nonwoven fabric is in a relaxed state, and adjust the temperature, humidity and pressure in the fiber crimping device 16, and use the fiber crimping device 16 to control the nonwoven fabric. The woven fabric is subjected to shrinkage and curling treatment, so that the high-shrinkage component of the two-component composite fiber in the nonwoven fabric is completely shrunk and curled; and then dried in a drying oven 18 to obtain a dense, soft, crisp, and full-feeling two-component spunbond spunlace Microfiber leather backing.

Preferably, in step (4), the pressure of the pressure roller 15 is 0.1-0.5 MPa.

Preferably, in step (4), the shrinkage and crimping treatment of the nonwoven fabric by the fiber crimping device 16 is dry heat shrinkage, wet heat shrinkage, water bath shrinkage or high-pressure water vapor shrinkage; the dry heat shrinkage temperature is 80-180°C, and the humidity is 0%; damp heat shrinkage humidity is 30-100%, temperature is 60-150°C; water bath temperature in water-bath shrinkage is 80-100°C; pressure of high-pressure water vapor shrinkage is 2-10MPa.

Preferably, in step (4), the areal density of the nonwoven fabric is 50 to 80 g/m ² , the residence time of the nonwoven fabric in the fiber crimping device 16 is 2 to 3 s; the areal density of the nonwoven fabric is 80 to 80 g/m 2 . 140g/m ² , the residence time of the nonwoven fabric in the fiber crimping device 16 is 3 to 5s; the surface density of the nonwoven fabric is ≥140g/m ² , and the residence time of the nonwoven fabric in the fiber crimping device 16 is ≥5s .

Preferably, in step (4), several groups of guide rollers 17 are arranged in the fiber crimping device 16; the number of guide rollers 17 is ≥ 3, and the guide rollers 17 are alternately arranged up and down along the conveying direction of the nonwoven fabric. Travel in an S-shaped path in the guide roller 17; adjust the speed of the guide roller 17 to adjust the input speed and output speed of the nonwoven fabric in the fiber crimping device 16 and the residence time of the nonwoven fabric in the fiber crimping device 16 .

The fiber opening rate of the two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven fabric is 30-60%, and the fiber opening rate of the two-component spunbond spunlace microfiber leather base cloth reaches 80-100%.

Compared with the prior art, as long as it does not impair the effect of the present invention, functional particles can be added to the polymer used in the present invention as required, such as commonly used antistatic agents, light stabilizers, antioxidants, Additives such as weather-resistant stabilizers, anti-fogging agents, anti-blocking agents, lubricants, nucleating agents and pigments, or other polymers.

Example 1

In this example, the HSPET-PA6 hollow orange segment two-component spunbonded spunlace superfiber leather base fabric is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Add the hot air device 10 and the fiber crimping device 16 into the two-component spunbond/spunlace production line, the hot air device 10 is installed behind the web curtain 7, and the fiber crimping device 16 is installed behind the pressure roller 15;

(2) Import HSPET and PA6 polymer slices into the drying tower for pre-crystallization and drying treatment respectively. After extruded and melted by a screw extruder and filtered by a melt filtration system, the compounding is completed in the two-component spinning assembly 4 Spinning, then cooled by side blowing, air drafting, and evenly laid on the netting curtain 7; the temperature of side blowing is 20°C, the relative humidity is 70%, the wind speed is 1m/s, and the drawing pressure is 0.55Mpa. The elongation speed is 5000m/min, and the surface density of the fiber web is 160g/m ² ;

The volume ratio of HSPET to PA6 melt is 7:3, and the third monomer isophthalic acid and the fourth monomer neopentyl glycol are added to the HSPET chips. The intrinsic viscosity of HSPET chips is 0.63dL/g, and the relative viscosity of PA6 chips is 2.46dL/g;

(3) Convey the fiber web into the hot air device, so that the high shrinkage component of the two-component composite fiber is heated and shrunk. The hot air device is set at a temperature of 90°C, a humidity of 30%, and a wind speed of 0.05m/s, as shown in Figure 2, orange The petal-shaped two-component composite fiber tends to split, and some fibers are split; then the two-component composite fiber is split and entangled with each other through the spunlace process to obtain a two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric. The total pressure of stabbing is 60Mpa;

(4) The two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven fabric is fully squeezed out by the pressure roller 15, and then transported into the fiber crimping device 16 for shrinkage treatment, and then dried in the drying oven 18 to obtain a two-component spunbonded water Pricked microfiber leather base fabric; the setting condition of the fiber crimping device is water bath shrinkage, the temperature of the water bath is 90°C, the number of guide rollers in the fiber crimping device is 3, and the nonwoven fabric travels along an S-shaped path on the guide rollers ;

The surface density of the prepared two-component spunbonded spunlaced microfiber leather base cloth is 210g/m ² , the density is 0.315g/cm ³ , the fiber opening rate is 93%, and the softness is 5.3mm; it can be seen from Figure 3 , The surface of the leather base fabric has a pile, and the fibers are completely separated. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the two-component composite fibers have been basically split completely, and the wedge-shaped fibers have not been closely packed after fiber shrinkage, and the fibers have a certain sliding space, and the softness and plumpness of the leather base fabric have been greatly improved.

Comparative example 1

In this comparative example, a PET-PA6 hollow orange petal type two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Add the hot air device 10 and the fiber crimping device 16 into the two-component spunbond/spunlace production line, the hot air device is installed behind the web curtain 7, and the fiber crimping device 16 is installed behind the pressure roller 15;

(2) Import PET and PA6 polymer slices into the drying tower for pre-crystallization and drying treatment respectively. After extruding and melting by a screw extruder and filtering by a melt filtration system, the compounding is completed in the two-component spinning assembly 4 Spinning, then cooled by side blowing, air drafting, and laying the net evenly on the web-forming curtain; the temperature of side blowing is 20°C, the relative humidity is 70%, the wind speed is 1m/s, and the drawing pressure is 0.55Mpa. The speed is 5000m/min, and the surface density of the fiber web is 160g/m ² ;

The volume ratio of PET to PA6 melt is 7:3, the intrinsic viscosity of PET chips is 0.64dL/g, and the relative viscosity of PA6 chips is 2.66dL/g;

(3) Convey the fiber web into the hot air device, so that the high shrinkage component of the two-component composite fiber is heated and shrunk. The hot air device is set at a temperature of 90°C, a humidity of 30%, and a wind speed of 0.05m/s, as shown in Figure 5, orange The petal-shaped two-component composite fiber does not show a splitting tendency; the two-component composite fiber is split and entangled with each other through the spunlace process to obtain a two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric, and the total pressure of the spunlace is 60Mpa ;

(4) The two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric is fully squeezed out by the pressure roller 15, and then transported to the fiber crimping device for treatment, and then dried in the drying oven 18 to obtain a two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric. Fiber leather base fabric; the setting condition of the fiber crimping device is water bath shrinkage, the temperature of the water bath is 90°C, the number of guide rollers in the fiber crimping device is 3, and the nonwoven fabric travels along an S-shaped path on the guide rollers;

The surface density of the prepared two-component spunbonded spunlaced microfiber leather base cloth is 160g/m ² , the density is 0.37g/cm ³ , the fiber opening rate is 34%, and the softness is 3.4mm; it can be seen from Figure 6 , The surface fibers of the microfiber leather base cloth are arranged in parallel, and the surface fibers have basically been split. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the bicomponent composite fibers of the segmented orange shape are separated from the fibers by high-pressure water jets, and there is a phenomenon of sandwich fiber splitting.

Example 2

In this example, the HSPET-PA6 hollow orange segment two-component spunbonded spunlace superfiber leather base fabric is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Add the hot air device and fiber crimping device to the two-component spunbond/spunlace production line, the hot air device is installed behind the web curtain, and the fiber crimping device is installed behind the pressure roller;

(2) Import HSPET and PA6 polymer slices into the drying tower for pre-crystallization and drying treatment respectively. After extruded and melted by a screw extruder and filtered by a melt filtration system, the compounding is completed in the two-component spinning assembly 4 Spinning, then cooled by side air blowing, air drafting, and evenly laid on the web forming curtain 7; The elongation speed is 4000m/min, and the surface density of the fiber web is 120g/m ² ;

The volume ratio of HSPET to PA6 melt is 5:5, the third monomer isophthalic acid and the fourth monomer neopentyl glycol are added to HSPET chips, the intrinsic viscosity of HSPET chips is 0.65dL/g, and the relative viscosity of PA6 chips is The viscosity is 2.52dL/g;

(3) Convey the fiber web into the hot air device, so that the high-shrinkage component of the two-component composite fiber is heated and shrunk. The hot air device is set at a temperature of 100°C, a humidity of 20%, and a wind speed of 0.01m/s. Part of the composite fiber tends to split, and some fibers have already split; then the two-component composite fiber is split and entangled with each other through the spunlace process to obtain a two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric. The total pressure of the spunlace 80Mpa;

(4) The two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric is fully squeezed out by the pressure roller 15, and then transported into the fiber crimping device for shrinkage treatment, and then dried in the drying oven 18 to obtain a two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric. Microfiber leather base fabric; the setting condition of the fiber crimping device is dry heat shrinkage, the temperature is 120°C, the number of guide rollers in the fiber crimping device is 4, and the guide rollers are conveyed along the two-component spunbonded spunlaced nonwoven fabric The directions are arranged alternately up and down;

The surface density of the prepared two-component spunbonded spunlaced microfiber leather base cloth is 180g/m ² , the density is 0.33g/cm ³ , the fiber opening rate is 96%, and the softness is 5.8mm; the fibers are basically completely detached, After fiber shrinkage, the wedge-shaped fibers do not accumulate tightly, and the fibers have a certain space for slipping, and the softness and plumpness of the leather base fabric are greatly improved.

Comparative example 2

In this comparative example, HSPET-PA6 hollow orange segment type two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) The HSPET and PA6 polymer slices are respectively introduced into the drying tower for pre-crystallization and drying treatment, extruded and melted by the screw extruder, filtered by the melt filtration system, and then compounded in the two-component spinning assembly 4 Spinning, then cooled by side air blowing, air drafting, and evenly laid on the web forming curtain 7; The elongation speed is 4000m/min, and the surface density of the fiber web is 120g/m ² ;

The volume ratio of HSPET to PA6 melt is 5:5, the third monomer isophthalic acid and the fourth monomer neopentyl glycol are added to HSPET chips, the intrinsic viscosity of HSPET chips is 0.65dL/g, and the relative viscosity of PA6 chips is The viscosity is 2.52dL/g;

(2) Spunlace the fiber web through the spunlace process to split the segmental-shaped two-component composite fibers into fibers and entangle with each other to obtain a two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven fabric, and the total pressure of the spunlace is 80Mpa;

(3) The two-component spunbonded spunlaced nonwoven fabric is fully squeezed out by the pressure roller 15, and then dried in the drying oven 18 to obtain the two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base cloth.

The surface density of the prepared microfiber leather base cloth is 120 g/m ² , the density is 0.38 g/cm ³ , the opening rate is 36%, and the softness is 3.2 mm.

The product performance testing result of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2 is as table 1 and table 2:

Table 1 Fiber properties

Test items Example 1 Example 2 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Fiber fineness/(dtex) 2.56 2.63 2.59 2.63 Breaking strength/(cN/dtex) 2.83 2.68 2.75 2.68 Elongation at break/(%) 90.02 89.45 60.54 89.45 Shrinkage/(%) 12.57 12.63 1.1 12.63

Table 2 Nonwoven properties

It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that when high-shrinkage polymer chips are used as one of the components of the pie-shaped two-component composite fiber, the shrinkage rate of the fiber is greatly improved after thermal shrinkage, and at the same time, the two-component spunbond spunlace On the basis of the equipment, first add a hot air device after forming the web curtain, and the high-shrinkage component is heated and shrunk, so that the fibers tend to split, and even some fibers split, and the spunlace pressure in the subsequent spunlace process decreases accordingly. , which can greatly reduce the energy consumption of spunlace; secondly, a fiber crimping device is added, and the superfine fiber nonwoven fabric after spunlace passes through the fiber crimping device, and the heat shrinkage of the high-shrinkage component is used to shrink and curl the fiber to avoid causing wedging The orange segment type two-component composite fibers are closely packed, and the nonwoven fabric produces the effect of pile pile, and at the same time, the uncracked fibers are fully split, which overcomes the two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric as a leather base fabric. Deficiencies in performance. The prepared hollow orange segment two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric has the characteristics of compactness, softness, full hand feeling and crispness.

Example 1 Compared with Comparative Example 1, the high-shrinkage polymer chip is used as one of the components of the pie-shaped two-component composite fiber, and the two-component spunbonded spunlace nonwoven fabric shrinks when heated, the surface density increases, and the density decreases 14.8%, the opening rate increased by 173.5%, and the softness increased by 55.9%. The crimp of the fiber significantly improved the aspect ratio of the nonwoven fabric, and the elongation at break increased, which significantly improved the performance of the two-component spunbond spunlace microfiber leather base fabric. Fluffiness, softness and extensibility.

Example 2 Compared with Comparative Example 2, by adding a hot air device and a fiber crimping device, the high-shrinkage component in the pie-shaped two-component composite fiber is fully shrunk, the surface density is increased, the density is reduced by 15.1%, and the fiber opening rate is increased by 166.6%. , the softness is increased by 81.25%, the curl of the fiber makes the aspect ratio of the nonwoven fabric significantly improved, the elongation at break increases, and the bulkiness, softness and ductility of the two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric are significantly improved .

What is not mentioned in the present invention is applicable to the prior art.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a high-shrinkage orange-peel-type two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) A hot air device and a fiber crimping device are added in a double-component spun-bonded/spunlace production line; according to the spinning direction, the hot air device is arranged behind the net forming curtain; the fiber crimping device is arranged behind the compression roller;

(2) Spinning the two-component composite fiber into a net: firstly, forming a two-component primary silk melt by conjugate spinning of two polymers; then, cooling and solidifying by a side-blowing cooling device and air drafting by an air drafting device, and uniformly lapping the two-component composite fibers on a lapping curtain under the action of a negative pressure suction device to form a fiber web;

one of the two polymers is a high-shrinkage polymer, and the other polymer is a conventional polymer capable of being compositely spun with the high-shrinkage polymer;

(3) Conveying the fiber web prepared in the step (2) into a hot air device for thermal shrinkage treatment, and utilizing thermal shrinkage of high-shrinkage components in the two-component composite fibers to enable the two-component composite fibers to generate a cracking tendency; then, splitting the two-component composite fibers by a spunlace process, and mutually entwisting to obtain two-component spun-bonded spunlace non-woven fabric;

(4) Conveying the two-component spun-bonded spunlace non-woven fabric prepared in the step (3) into a fiber crimping device, adjusting the input speed and the output speed of the non-woven fabric in the fiber crimping device to enable the output speed of the non-woven fabric to be smaller than the input speed, ensuring that the non-woven fabric is in a loose state, and performing shrinkage crimping treatment on the non-woven fabric by using the fiber crimping device to enable high-shrinkage components of two-component composite fibers in the non-woven fabric to be completely shrunk and crimped to obtain a two-component spun-bonded spunlace leather base fabric;

the shrinkage and curling treatment of the non-woven fabric by the fiber curling device is dry heat shrinkage, damp heat shrinkage, water bath shrinkage or high-pressure steam shrinkage.

2. The method for preparing the high-shrinkage orange-peel type bicomponent spunbond spunlace microfiber leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the difference of solubility parameters of the two polymers is greater than 0.5; the conjugate spinning is that two polymer slices are respectively led into a drying tower for pre-crystallization and drying treatment, then the polymer slices are respectively sent into respective screw extruders through respective hoppers to be melted into polymer melts, then the polymer melts are filtered by respective melt filtering systems to remove impurities and then are jointly fed into a multi-component spinning assembly through respective metering pumps, and the polymer melts are extruded from spinneret holes in a spinneret plate of the multi-component spinning assembly in a regular and alternate arrangement mode to form a two-component primary yarn melt; in the two-component primary silk melt, the volume ratio of two polymer melts is 5-7.

3. The preparation method of the high-shrinkage orange-petal type two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base cloth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the high-shrinkage polymer is high-shrinkage polyester, high-shrinkage nylon, high-shrinkage polypropylene, high-shrinkage polyacrylonitrile or a modified substance thereof.

4. The preparation method of the high-shrinkage orange petal type two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of side air blown by a side air blowing cooling device is 15-28 ℃, the air speed is 0.2-1 m/s, and the relative humidity is 30-90%; the air flow drafting device is a tubular drafting device, a wide slit type drafting device or a narrow slit type drafting device, the pressure of drafting air is 0.1-1 MPa, the temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the relative humidity is 40-90%.

5. The preparation method of the high-shrinkage orange-peel type two-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the heat shrinkage treatment process comprises the following steps: the humidity in the hot air device is 0-60%, the temperature is 80-180 ℃, the wind speed is 0.01-0.1 m/s, and the residence time of the fiber web in the hot air device is more than or equal to 2s.

6. The method for preparing a high-shrinkage orange-peel type bicomponent spunbond spunlace microfiber leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the conveying speed of the fiber web in the hot air device is the same as that of the web forming curtain;

the water jet fiber-splitting process comprises the following steps: pre-needling by a low-pressure water needling head, and splitting the two-component composite fibers by the high-pressure water needling head by using high-pressure water jet to separate the fibers and mutually entangle the fibers; the total pressure of the spunlace is 20-100 Mpa.

7. The preparation method of the high-shrinkage orange-petal type two-component spunbond spunlace microfiber leather base cloth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), before the two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven cloth prepared in the step (3) is conveyed to a fiber crimping device, the two-component spunbond spunlace nonwoven cloth prepared in the step (3) is subjected to water extrusion through a compression roller; the pressure of the compression roller is 0.1-0.5 MPa.

8. The preparation method of the high-shrinkage orange-peel type two-component spunbonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the dry heat shrinkage temperature is 80-180 ℃, and the humidity is 0%; the humidity of the damp-heat shrinkage is 30-100%, and the temperature is 60-150 ℃; the water bath temperature in the water bath shrinkage is 80-100 ℃; the contraction pressure of the high-pressure steam is 2-10 MPa;

when the areal density of the non-woven fabric is 50-80 g/m, the residence time of the non-woven fabric in the fiber crimping device is 2-3 s; when the surface density of the non-woven fabric is 80-140 g/m, the residence time of the non-woven fabric in the fiber crimping device is 3-5 s; when the areal density of the non-woven fabric is more than or equal to 140g/m, the residence time of the non-woven fabric in the fiber crimping device is more than or equal to 5s.

9. The method for preparing the high-shrinkage orange-peel type double-component spun-bonded spunlace microfiber leather base fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), a plurality of groups of guide rollers are arranged in the fiber crimping device; the number of the guide rollers is more than or equal to 3, the guide rollers are alternately arranged up and down along the conveying direction of the non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric advances in the guide rollers in an S-shaped path; the speed of the guide rollers can be adjusted, and the input speed and the output speed of the non-woven fabric in the fiber crimping device and the residence time of the non-woven fabric in the fiber crimping device can be adjusted.

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