CN113416845A - Device and method for manufacturing aluminum castings through recovery of waste aluminum materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for recycling and manufacturing aluminum castings from waste aluminum materials, and aims to solve the technical problems of excessive impurities in the existing waste aluminum materials affecting the quality of castings and low smelting efficiency. The device includes: a conveying mechanism, an impurity removal and crushing device, a dehydration and oil removal mechanism, a preheating furnace, a melting furnace and a column pressing device. The method for recycling waste aluminum materials to manufacture aluminum castings includes: (1) preliminary impurity removal; (2) secondary impurity removal; (3) dehydration and oil removal; (4) preheating; (5) smelting; (6) pouring. In the process of conveying the waste aluminum material of the present invention, the waste aluminum material is firstly pretreated for preliminary impurity removal, and then crushed and then subjected to secondary deep impurity removal, thereby greatly reducing the entry of iron-containing substances into the melting furnace, thereby effectively improving the aluminum casting. quality. At the same time, before the impurity-removed aluminum material enters the melting furnace, the preheating furnace is used to preheat and heat up, thereby shortening the heating speed of the aluminum material in the melting furnace, thereby improving the melting efficiency.

Description

Device and method for manufacturing aluminum castings through recovery of waste aluminum materials

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum scrap smelting, in particular to a device and a method for manufacturing an aluminum casting by recovering aluminum scrap.

Background

The range of the aluminum used in the industry is very wide, and the aluminum scrap products are more and more along with the increase of the yield and the usage amount of the aluminum. The waste aluminum is commonly known as recovered aluminum, and the excellent performance of the waste aluminum material can be reproduced through the steps of remelting, refining, purifying, adjusting chemical components and the like, so that the waste aluminum material is an important source of metal aluminum. Among them, iron-based impurities are harmful to the smelting of the scrap aluminum during the smelting process of the scrap aluminum, and when the iron content is too high, brittle metal crystals are formed in the aluminum, so that the mechanical properties of the aluminum are reduced, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum is weakened, for example, if the impurities in the scrap aluminum are not removed in advance, the smelting quality in the scrap aluminum is seriously influenced. In the prior art, the waste aluminum is poured into a smelting furnace after being subjected to simple pretreatment and impurity removal, and deep impurity removal is not carried out, so that the quality of aluminum castings is influenced; meanwhile, the aluminum material is directly smelted without being preheated, so that the smelting efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for manufacturing an aluminum casting by recovering waste aluminum materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an apparatus for producing aluminum castings from scrap aluminum recovery, comprising: the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the waste aluminum materials and carrying out primary impurity removal treatment on the waste aluminum materials; edulcoration breaker includes: the device comprises a shell, wherein the upper end of the shell is communicated with an outlet of a conveying mechanism, a filter screen is arranged in the shell, a double-shaft motor is installed at the middle position of the filter screen, a crushing knife is fixed at the upper end of the double-shaft motor, the lower end of the double-shaft motor is fixed at one end of a rotating rod, the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably provided with a first impurity removing frame, a second impurity removing frame is installed on the inner wall of the shell and is positioned below the first impurity removing frame, a plurality of first installation grooves are uniformly formed in the first impurity removing frame, a plurality of second installation grooves are uniformly formed in the second impurity removing frame, and magnetic devices are installed in the first installation grooves and the second installation grooves; the inlet of the dehydration and oil removal mechanism is fixedly connected with the lower end of the shell; the feed inlet of the preheating furnace is communicated with the outlet of the dehydration and oil removal mechanism; the melting furnace comprises a furnace body, a first melting chamber and a second melting chamber, wherein the first melting chamber and the second melting chamber are arranged in the furnace body, the second melting chamber is positioned outside the first melting chamber, the upper part of the left side of the first melting chamber is communicated with a discharge hole of the preheating furnace through a feeding device, the bottom of the first melting chamber is provided with a high-temperature-resistant filter screen, a heater is arranged between the furnace body and the outer wall of the second melting chamber and used for heating the second melting chamber, and a stirring device used for stirring and mixing aluminum liquid is arranged in the furnace body; and the inlet of the die-casting device is communicated with the interior of the second melting chamber through a mechanical pump, and a die-casting die is arranged at the outlet of the die-casting device.

In the process of conveying the waste aluminum materials, the waste aluminum materials are pretreated to primarily remove impurities, and then are crushed and secondarily and deeply removed with impurities, so that iron-containing substances are greatly reduced from entering a melting furnace, and the quality of aluminum castings is effectively improved. Meanwhile, before the aluminum material after impurity removal enters the melting furnace, the preheating furnace is firstly utilized for preheating and temperature rise, so that the heating speed of the aluminum material in the melting furnace is shortened, and the melting efficiency is further improved.

Optionally, transport mechanism includes the conveying chamber, the conveying intracavity rotates and is provided with the transmission shaft, be fixed with the belt pulley on the transmission shaft, be equipped with the conveyer belt on the belt pulley, the conveyer belt top is provided with the edulcoration device that is used for tentatively screening the iron waste product on the conveyer belt. Through setting up the edulcoration device above the conveyer belt for carry out preliminary magnetic separation preliminary treatment to it before the aluminium material melts, reduce iron impurity and get into and melt in the stove, can effectively improve the quality of aluminium foundry goods.

Optionally, the edulcoration device including rotate set up in the pivot of conveying the intracavity, be fixed with the electromagnetic wheel in the pivot, conveying chamber one end is provided with collects the chamber, collect the chamber with the through-hole has been seted up between the conveying chamber, it still is provided with a scraper blade to collect the intracavity, scraper blade one end next-door neighbour the electromagnetic wheel, the other end prolongs to through-hole department, the electromagnetic wheel can with the iron waste product of electromagnetic wheel attraction is scraped down. Conveyer belt during operation, electromagnetism wheel is synchronous to begin work to useless aluminium material is when passing through electromagnetism wheel below, and the iron object is adsorbed on the electromagnetism wheel, and the scraper blade conveys the iron object in the rotation of electromagnetism wheel and collects the intracavity and accumulate and store, the subsequent recovery operation of iron object of being convenient for.

Optionally, the impurity removing device includes an n-shaped frame arranged in the conveying cavity and erected above the conveying belt, and an electromagnetic chuck fixed on the n-shaped frame. The iron object is directly adsorbed on the electromagnetic chuck through the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic chuck, and the structure is simple and practical.

Optionally, filter screen mounting groove and ring channel have been seted up to shells inner wall, the filter screen is installed in the filter screen mounting groove, second edulcoration frame outer wall install in the ring channel, the dwang lower extreme is fixed with the rolling disc, first edulcoration frame inner wall is fixed in on the rolling disc periphery wall, magnetic means adopts powerful magnet piece or electro-magnet. The secondary magnetic separation and impurity removal are carried out on the aluminum material through the magnetic devices, so that iron-containing substances are further reduced to enter the melting furnace, and the quality of the aluminum casting is further effectively improved.

Optionally, the dehydration and oil removal mechanism is communicated with the preheating furnace through a material suction pump, an input end of the material suction pump is fixedly connected with one end of a material suction pipe, the other end of the material suction pipe is connected with an outlet of the dehydration and oil removal mechanism, an output end of the material suction pump is fixedly connected with one end of a material discharge pipe, and the other end of the material discharge pipe is fixedly connected with a feed inlet of the preheating furnace.

Optionally, the stirring device includes: the driving motor is arranged at the top of the furnace body; one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the power output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the rotating rod penetrates through the top of the furnace body and extends to the position above the high-temperature-resistant filter screen; the main stirring blade is fixed below the middle of the rotating rod; the main stirring blade is of a U-shaped structure, and a plurality of auxiliary stirring blades are uniformly fixed on the outer walls of two sides of the main stirring blade. Through the matching of the main stirring blade and the auxiliary stirring blade of the U-shaped structure, the stirring area of the aluminum liquid is increased, so that the stirring efficiency and the mixing uniformity are improved.

Optionally, the stirring device further comprises an electromagnetic stirrer mounted on the bottom wall of the furnace body. The electromagnetic stirrer is matched with the stirring device to achieve the purpose of double stirring, so that the aluminum solution is stirred more uniformly.

Optionally, a suction pump is further arranged between the preheating furnace and the melting furnace, one end of the suction pump is connected with a recovery pipe, the other end of the suction pump is connected with an air inlet pipe, the recovery pipe is communicated with the interior of the furnace body, a dispersion pipe is arranged on the bottom surface of the interior of the preheating furnace, the air inlet pipe is connected with the dispersion pipe, heat insulation pads made of asbestos are arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the interior of the recovery pipe and the air inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe is arranged on the top wall of the preheating furnace. The structure is beneficial to recycling the waste heat energy of the furnace body, and reduces the waste of energy. The dispersion pipe can evenly distribute hot gas into the preheating furnace, so that the preheating furnace can be preheated more evenly. The recovery pipe and the air inlet pipe can effectively preserve heat through the heat preservation pad, and the heat loss of heat recovery is reduced.

A method for manufacturing aluminum castings through recovery of waste aluminum materials is realized by the device for manufacturing the aluminum castings through recovery of the waste aluminum materials, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) primarily removing impurities: carrying out magnetic separation on the cleaned and air-dried waste aluminum material by a conveying mechanism to remove impurities;

(2) secondary impurity removal: crushing the waste aluminum material subjected to primary impurity removal by an impurity removal crushing device, and performing secondary impurity removal on the crushed waste aluminum material by a plurality of magnetic devices;

(3) dewatering and deoiling: dehydrating and deoiling the waste aluminum material subjected to secondary impurity removal in a dehydration and deoiling mechanism;

(4) preheating: preheating and heating the dehydrated and deoiled waste aluminum material in a preheating furnace;

(5) smelting: after preheating is finished, feeding the waste aluminum material into a melting furnace for melting;

(6) pouring: pouring the smelted aluminum liquid into a die-casting die to obtain a target aluminum casting;

the smelting of the scrap aluminum material in the step (5) comprises the following processes:

and the preheated waste aluminum materials are conveyed into a first melting chamber in the furnace body through a feeding device to be dissolved and stirred, and the dissolved aluminum liquid flows into a second melting chamber after being filtered by a high-temperature-resistant filter screen to be continuously melted and then is conveyed into a die casting device through a mechanical pump.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the impurity removing device is arranged above the conveyor belt, and the impurity removing device firstly performs primary magnetic separation pretreatment on the waste aluminum materials in the conveying process of the waste aluminum materials, and then performs secondary magnetic separation impurity removal on the waste aluminum materials through the plurality of magnetic devices after the waste aluminum materials are crushed by the crushing knife, so that iron-containing substances are further reduced from entering the melting furnace, and the quality of aluminum castings is effectively improved. And through the arrangement of a high-temperature-resistant filter screen in the melting furnace, other impurities generated during the melting of the aluminum scrap can be removed, and the filtered solution enters the second melting chamber to be continuously melted. Through the multiple impurity removal device in the preamble, the impurities are greatly reduced, and the proportion of adding chemical components in the melting furnace is further reduced, so that the performance of the aluminum casting is improved.

2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the preheating furnace, the preheating furnace is used for preheating and heating the aluminum material, so that the heating speed of the aluminum material in the melting furnace is shortened, and the melting efficiency is further improved. And the heat in the furnace body is absorbed by the suction pump and is discharged into the preheating furnace through the dispersion pipe, so that the waste heat can be recycled, and the energy waste is reduced. The dispersion pipe can evenly distribute hot gas into the preheating furnace, so that the preheating furnace can be preheated more evenly. The heat preservation pad of asbestos material all is provided with between inside outer tube and the inner tube of recovery pipe and intake pipe, can effectual heat preservation through the heat preservation pad, reduces heat recovery's heat loss.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an impurity removal device in an embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the impurity removing and crushing device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structures of a preheating furnace and a melting furnace in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the method of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a transport mechanism; 11. a transfer chamber; 12. a drive shaft; 13. a belt pulley; 14. a conveyor belt; 150. a rotating shaft; 151. an electromagnetic wheel; 152. a collection chamber; 153. a through hole; 154. a squeegee; 155. a vibrator; 160. a n-shaped frame; 161. an electromagnetic chuck; 2. an impurity removal crushing device; 20. a housing; 201. a filter screen mounting groove; 202. an annular groove; 21. a filter screen; 22. a double-shaft motor; 23. a crushing knife; 24. rotating the rod; 25. rotating the disc; 26. a first impurity removing frame; 27. a second impurity removing frame; 28. a magnetic device; 3. a dewatering and oil removing mechanism; 4. a suction pump; 40. a material suction pipe; 41. a discharge pipe; 5. preheating a furnace; 50. a feed inlet; 51. an exhaust pipe; 6. a melting furnace; 60. a furnace body; 61. a first melting chamber; 610. a high temperature resistant filter screen; 62. a second melting chamber; 63. a heater; 64. a stirring device; 640. a drive motor; 641. a rotating rod; 642. a main stirring blade; 643. an auxiliary stirring blade; 65. an electromagnetic stirrer; 7. a feeding device; 8. a mechanical pump; 9. a getter pump; 90. a recovery pipe; 91. an air inlet pipe; 92. a dispersion pipe; 10. a die casting device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for manufacturing aluminum castings by recycling aluminum scrap, including: the device comprises a conveying mechanism 1, an impurity removal and crushing device 2, a dehydration and oil removal mechanism 3, a material suction pump 4, a preheating furnace 5, a melting furnace 6, a feeding device 7, a mechanical pump 8, an air suction pump 9 and a die casting device 10.

Conveying mechanism 1 is used for carrying the aluminium scrap material, carries out preliminary edulcoration processing to the aluminium scrap material in transportation process. The feed end of edulcoration breaker 2 is installed in 1 exit of transport mechanism, and the import of dehydration deoiling mechanism 3 is installed in the exit end of edulcoration breaker 2, inhales material pump 4 input end fixed connection and inhales material pipe 40 one end, inhale the other end of material pipe 40 with dehydration deoiling mechanism 3 exit end is connected, inhale the output fixed connection discharging pipe 41 one end of material pump 4, the discharging pipe 41 other end with the 50 fixed connection of feed inlet of preheater 5. The discharge hole of the preheating furnace 5 is communicated with the feed inlet of the melting furnace 6 through a feeding device 7, and the feeding device 7 is obliquely arranged. And a heater 63 for heating the aluminum material and a stirring device 64 for stirring and mixing the aluminum liquid are arranged in the melting furnace 6. The mechanical pump 8 is communicated with the interior of the melting furnace 6, the aluminum liquid in the melting furnace 6 is conveyed to the inlet of the die-casting device 10 through the mechanical pump 8, and a die-casting die is installed at the outlet of the die-casting device 10.

When the cleaning and air-drying device works, the cleaned and air-dried waste aluminum materials are conveyed into the impurity removal crushing device 2 through the conveying mechanism 1, and the impurity removal device is used for preliminarily removing iron from the waste aluminum materials in the conveying process; the impurity removal crushing device 2 firstly carries out crushing treatment on the waste aluminum material, secondly carries out secondary removal of iron on the crushed aluminum material through a magnetic device, and the aluminum material after iron removal enters the dehydration and oil removal mechanism 3 for dehydration and oil removal treatment, so that the pretreated waste aluminum is obtained. Then, the material suction pump 4 conveys the aluminum material into the preheating furnace 5 for preheating and temperature rise, the preheated aluminum material enters the melting furnace 6 through the feeding device 7 for stirring and melting, and finally the mechanical pump 8 pumps the aluminum liquid in the melting furnace 6 into the die casting device 10.

In the conveying process of the waste aluminum materials, the waste aluminum materials are pretreated to primarily remove impurities, and then are crushed and secondarily and deeply removed with impurities, so that iron-containing substances are greatly reduced from entering the melting furnace 6, and the quality of aluminum castings is effectively improved. Meanwhile, before the aluminum material after impurity removal enters the melting furnace 6, the preheating furnace 5 is firstly utilized for preheating and temperature rise, so that the heating speed of the aluminum material in the melting furnace 6 is shortened, and the melting efficiency is further improved.

In one embodiment, the inlet 50 of the preheating furnace 5 is arranged above the left side, the outlet is arranged below the right side, and the inlet 50 is connected with one end of the outlet pipe 41. An air suction pump 9 is also arranged between the preheating furnace 5 and the melting furnace 6. Specifically, one end of the getter pump 9 is connected with a recovery pipe 90, the other end of the getter pump is connected with an air inlet pipe 91, the recovery pipe 90 is communicated with the interior of the furnace body 60 of the melting furnace 6, a dispersion pipe 92 is arranged on the bottom surface of the interior of the preheating furnace 5, and the air inlet pipe 91 is connected with the dispersion pipe 92. When the heat recovery device is used, the heat in the furnace body 60 is absorbed by turning on the air suction pump 9 and is discharged into the preheating furnace 5 through the dispersion pipe 92, so that the heat in the furnace body 60 is convenient to recover, and the dispersion pipe 92 can uniformly distribute hot gas into the preheating furnace 5. Can enter into preheating furnace 5 from recovery tube 90 with the produced cigarette hot gas of melting furnace 6 when melting through aspirator pump 9, be favorable to the flue gas heat to preheat the aluminium material for waste heat can be by recycle, has reduced the waste of the energy. The preheating furnace 5 can be provided with a heating device by itself, and can also share a heater with the melting furnace 6. An exhaust pipe 51 is arranged on the top wall of the preheating furnace 5, and the smoke hot gas in the preheating furnace 5 is exhausted through the exhaust pipe 51. The exhaust pipe 51 may be sequentially provided with a cooler and a filter to burn harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is cooled and filtered by the exhaust pipe and then discharged to prevent subsequent pollution. All be provided with asbestos material's heat preservation pad between the inside outer tube of recovery pipe 90 and intake pipe 91 and the inner tube, can effectual heat preservation through the heat preservation pad, reduce heat recovery's heat loss.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the conveying mechanism 1 includes a conveying cavity 11, a transmission shaft 12 is rotatably disposed in the conveying cavity 11, a belt pulley 13 is fixed on the transmission shaft, a conveying belt 14 is disposed on the belt pulley 13, and an impurity removing device for primarily screening out iron waste products on the conveying belt 14 is further disposed above the conveying belt 14.

The edulcoration device includes: be fixed in conveying chamber 11 to be located the pivot 150 that 14 tops of conveyer belt rotated the setting, be fixed with electromagnetic wheel 151 on the pivot 150, conveying chamber 11 right-hand member is provided with collection chamber 152, through-hole 153 has been seted up between collection chamber 152 and the conveying chamber 11, still be provided with a scraper blade 154 in the conveying chamber 11, scraper blade 154 left end next-door neighbour electromagnetic wheel 151, the right-hand member extension extremely through-hole 153 department. The scraping plate 154 is obliquely arranged from one end close to the electromagnetic wheel 151 to one end of the collecting cavity 152, and the inclination angle is 1-2 degrees. In order to increase the speed of the iron scrap moving to the collecting chamber, a vibrator 155 may be further installed on the lower bottom surface of the scraping plate 154. During the use, place the useless aluminium material after the washing air-dries on the conveyer belt 14, then electromagnetism wheel 151 begins work, along with the motion of conveyer belt 14, useless aluminium material is when passing through electromagnetism wheel 151 below, and the iron object is adsorbed on electromagnetism wheel 151, and the rotation of electromagnetism wheel 151 makes the iron object be scraped by scraper blade 154 left end and leave over on scraper blade 154 under the effect of scraper blade 154, and the iron material comes from the scraper blade and collects the interior accumulation of chamber 152.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the impurity removing device includes a pi-shaped frame 160 and an electromagnetic chuck 161 disposed on the pi-shaped frame 160, the pi-shaped frame 160 is disposed in the conveying chamber 11 and is erected above the conveyor belt 14, the electromagnetic chuck 161 is fixed on the top of the pi-shaped frame 160, and when the waste aluminum is conveyed by the conveyor belt 14 and passes below the electromagnetic chuck 161, a magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic chuck 161 can adsorb an iron object on the electromagnetic chuck 161.

Through setting up the edulcoration device above the conveyer belt for carry out preliminary magnetic separation preliminary treatment to it before the aluminium material melts, reduce iron impurity and get into melting furnace 6 in, can effectively improve the quality of aluminium foundry goods.

In an embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 4 and 5, the trash crushing device 2 comprises: the device comprises a shell 20, a filter screen 21, a double-shaft motor 22, a crushing knife 23, a rotating rod 24, a rotating disc 25, a first impurity removing rack 26, a second impurity removing rack 27 and a magnetic device 28.

The upper end and the lower end of the shell 20 are open, the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected with the outlet of the conveying mechanism 1, and the lower end of the shell is fixedly connected with the inlet of the dewatering and oil removing mechanism 3. Filter screen mounting groove 201 has been seted up to upper portion inner wall department in casing 20, filter screen 21 outer wall is installed in this filter screen mounting groove 201. Double-shaft motor 22 installs in filter screen 21 middle part position department, broken sword 23 is installed to the ascending one end output shaft of double-shaft motor 22, the decurrent one end output shaft of double-shaft motor 22 is fixed with dwang 24, and dwang 24 one end is connected with double-shaft motor 22 power take off end, and the other end is fixed with rolling disc 25. The first impurity removing rack 26 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating disc 25. Starting the double-shaft motor 22, the double-shaft motor 22 drives the crushing cutter 23 to rotate so as to crush the aluminum material, and meanwhile, the double-shaft motor 22 drives the rotating rod 24 to rotate, so that the rotating disc 25 is driven to rotate, and then the first impurity removing frame 26 fixed on the outer wall of the rotating disc 25 is driven to rotate.

An annular groove 202 is further formed in the inner wall of the lower portion of the shell 20, the annular groove 202 is located below the rotating disc 25, and the outer wall of the second impurity removing frame 27 is fixed in the annular groove 202, so that the second impurity removing frame 27 is located below the first impurity removing frame 26, that is, the second impurity removing frame 27 is lower than the first impurity removing frame 26. Evenly seted up a plurality of first mounting grooves on first edulcoration frame 26, evenly seted up a plurality of second mounting grooves on the second edulcoration frame 27, all install magnetic means 28 in first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, promptly cloth has magnetic means 28 equally to divide between first edulcoration frame 26 outer wall and the second edulcoration frame 27 inner wall. The outer diameter of the magnetic device 28 arranged on the first impurity removing rack 26 is larger than the inner diameter of the magnetic device 28 arranged on the second impurity removing rack 27. The magnetic device 28 may be a strong magnet or an electromagnet.

During the use, the aluminium material gets into from casing 20 top, and broken sword 23 rotates the in-process and carries out the breakage to the aluminium material, and the aluminium material after the breakage falls into the below through filter screen 21, and under the effect of rolling disc 25, the even dispersion of aluminium material is between first edulcoration frame 26 and second edulcoration frame 27, and at this moment, a plurality of strong magnet pieces or electro-magnet will contain iron material and adsorb on strong magnet piece or electro-magnet, and no iron's aluminium material gets into in the process dehydration deoiling mechanism 3 once from casing 20 lower extreme. The secondary magnetic separation and impurity removal are carried out on the aluminum material through the magnetic devices 28, so that iron-containing substances are further reduced to enter the melting furnace 6, and the quality of the aluminum casting is further effectively improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the melting furnace 6 includes a furnace body 60, and a first melting chamber 61 and a second melting chamber 62 disposed inside the furnace body 60. The second melting chamber 62 is located outside the first melting chamber 61, a heater 63 is arranged between the furnace body 60 and the outer wall of the second melting chamber 62, that is, the heater 63 is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body 60 outside the second melting chamber 62, and the heater 63 is used for heating the second melting chamber 62 to dissolve the aluminum materials in the second melting chamber 62 and the first melting chamber 61. An inlet is formed in the upper left side of the first melting chamber 61 and is positioned above the top side of the second melting chamber 62, and the feeding device 7 is communicated with a discharge hole of the preheating furnace 5 through the inlet. The bottom of the first melting chamber 61 is provided with a high temperature resistant filter screen 610. Specifically, the heater 63 is located between the furnace body 60 and the outer wall of the second melting chamber 62. The first melting chamber 61 may further be provided with a slag discharge port, the slag discharge port may be disposed above the high temperature resistant filter screen 610, and other parts not described in detail such as the slag discharge port and the furnace door are well known in the art. When the aluminum melting device is used, waste aluminum materials enter the first melting chamber 61 through the feeding device 7, the temperature in the first melting chamber 61 is controlled to be 800-1000 ℃ by the heater 63, the temperature in the second melting chamber 62 is controlled to be 1100-1200 ℃, and the stirring device 64 is used for continuously stirring aluminum liquid in the first melting chamber 61 in the heating process. The aluminum liquid in the first melting chamber 61 is filtered by the high temperature resistant filter screen 610 and then enters the second melting chamber 62, the second melting chamber 62 continues to melt the aluminum material, and finally the aluminum material is pumped out to the die casting device 10 through the mechanical pump 8, and the die casting device 10 presses the aluminum liquid into a die casting mold. Through the arrangement of the high-temperature-resistant filter screen 610, other impurities generated during the smelting of the aluminum scrap can be removed, so that the quality of aluminum liquid after the smelting of the aluminum scrap is effectively improved.

In one embodiment, the stirring device 64 includes: the high-temperature-resistant furnace comprises a driving motor 640, a rotating rod 641 and a main stirring blade 642, wherein the driving motor 640 is installed at the top of the furnace body 60, one end of the rotating rod 641 is fixedly connected with the power output end of the driving motor 640, and the other end of the rotating rod 641 penetrates through the top of the furnace body 60 and extends to the position above the high-temperature-resistant filter screen 610; the main stirring vane 642 is fixed below the middle of the rotating rod 641, and the main stirring vane 642 is of a U-shaped structure. A plurality of auxiliary stirring blades 643 are uniformly fixed on the outer walls of the two sides of the main stirring blade 642, and the width of the U-shaped structure is larger than one half of the width of the first melting chamber 61. The driving motor 640 is started, and the rotating rod 641 drives the main stirring blade 642 and the auxiliary stirring blade 643 to rotate, so that the stirring area of the aluminum liquid is increased, and the stirring efficiency and the mixing uniformity are improved.

In one embodiment, the stirring device 64 further comprises an electromagnetic stirrer 65 disposed on the bottom wall of the furnace body 60, wherein the alternating magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic stirrer 65 penetrates into the aluminum melt to induce a current therein, and the induced current interacts with the local magnetic field to generate an electromagnetic force, which is a volume force, acting on the volume element of the aluminum melt in the second melting chamber 62, so as to drive the aluminum melt to move for stirring. The two stirring modes are matched, so that the aluminum solution is stirred more uniformly. Obviously, the two stirring methods can also be used separately, namely, the main stirring blade 642 and the auxiliary stirring blade 643 are arranged in the first melting chamber 61 or the electromagnetic stirrer 65 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 60.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing aluminum castings by recycling aluminum scraps, which is implemented by the above-mentioned apparatus for manufacturing aluminum castings by recycling aluminum scraps, and is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

(1) preliminary removal of impurities

The aluminum scrap after being cleaned and air-dried is placed on a conveying belt of the conveying mechanism to be conveyed, and impurities are removed by preliminary magnetic separation of the impurity removing device in the conveying process.

(2) Secondary impurity removal

The waste aluminum material after preliminary edulcoration is broken through edulcoration breaker's broken sword, and the waste aluminum material after the breakage is carried out secondary magnetic separation edulcoration to it by a plurality of magnetic device.

(3) Dewatering and deoiling

And dehydrating and deoiling the waste aluminum material subjected to secondary impurity removal in a dehydrating and deoiling mechanism. In one embodiment, the oil is removed by dehydration at 200-400 ℃ for 10-30 min.

(4) Preheating

And preheating and heating the dehydrated and deoiled waste aluminum material in a preheating furnace. In one embodiment, the preheating temperature is 500-700 ℃ and the preheating time is 0.5-1.5 h.

(5) Melting

And after preheating of the waste aluminum material, feeding the waste aluminum material into a melting furnace for melting.

(6) Pouring: and pouring the smelted aluminum liquid into a die-casting die to obtain a target aluminum casting.

In one embodiment, the smelting of the scrap aluminum material in the step (5) comprises the following processes:

and the preheated waste aluminum materials are sent into a first melting chamber in the furnace body through a feeding device to be dissolved and are stirred and mixed by a stirring device, the dissolved aluminum liquid flows into a second melting chamber to be continuously melted after being filtered by a high-temperature-resistant filter screen, and then is sent into a die casting device through a mechanical pump to be die-cast to obtain a target aluminum casting. In another embodiment, the temperature of the first melting chamber is controlled to be 800-1000 ℃, and the temperature of the second melting chamber is controlled to be 1100-1200 ℃. And (3) adding chemical components such as covering agent, slag removing agent, refining agent and the like into the melting furnace according to the target aluminum casting to be obtained in the melting process in the step (5).

According to the invention, the waste aluminum materials are pretreated to primarily remove impurities in the conveying process, and then are crushed and secondarily and deeply removed with impurities, so that iron-containing substances are greatly reduced to enter a melting furnace for melting, and the quality of aluminum castings is effectively improved. Meanwhile, in the smelting process of the waste aluminum material, the chemical component proportion of the oxidized impurities is too high, so that the performance of the aluminum casting is influenced. In addition, before the aluminum material after impurity removal enters the melting furnace, the preheating furnace is used for preheating and temperature rise, so that the heating speed of the aluminum material in the melting furnace is shortened, and the melting efficiency is improved. And smoke and heat generated when the melting furnace is melted by the suction pump enters the preheating furnace from the recovery pipe, so that the smoke and heat preheats the aluminum material, the waste heat can be recycled, and the energy waste is reduced.

The examples are not described in detail and are well known in the art.

In the foregoing, only certain exemplary embodiments have been described briefly. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "end", "side", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, or the orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected or detachably connected or integrated; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an aluminium scrap material retrieves device of manufacturing aluminium casting which characterized in that includes:

the conveying mechanism (1) is used for conveying the waste aluminum materials and carrying out primary impurity removal treatment on the waste aluminum materials;

edulcoration breaker (2), includes: a shell (20), wherein the upper end of the shell (20) is communicated with the outlet of the conveying mechanism (1), a filter screen (21) is arranged in the shell (20), a double-shaft motor (22) is arranged in the middle of the filter screen (21), a crushing knife (23) is fixed at the upper end of the double-shaft motor (22), one end of a rotating rod (24) is fixed at the lower end of the double-shaft motor (22), the other end of the rotating rod (24) is rotatably provided with a first impurity removing frame (26), a second impurity removing frame (27) is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (20), the second impurity removing frame (27) is positioned below the first impurity removing frame (26), a plurality of first installation grooves are uniformly formed in the first impurity removing frame (26), a plurality of second installation grooves are uniformly formed in the second impurity removing frame (27), and magnetic devices (28) are respectively installed in the first installation grooves and the second installation grooves;

the inlet of the dehydration and oil removal mechanism (3) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the shell (20);

the feed inlet (50) of the preheating furnace (5) is communicated with the outlet of the dehydration and oil removal mechanism (3);

the melting furnace (6) comprises a furnace body (60), a first melting chamber (61) and a second melting chamber (62) which are arranged inside the furnace body (60), the second melting chamber (62) is positioned outside the first melting chamber (61), the upper part of the left side of the first melting chamber (61) is communicated with a discharge hole of the preheating furnace (5) through a feeding device (7), a high-temperature-resistant filter screen (610) is arranged at the bottom of the first melting chamber (61), a heater (63) is arranged between the furnace body (60) and the outer wall of the second melting chamber (62), the heater (63) is used for heating the second melting chamber (62), and a stirring device (64) for stirring and mixing molten aluminum is arranged in the furnace body (60);

and the inlet of the die-casting device (10) is communicated with the interior of the second melting chamber (62) through a mechanical pump (8), and a die-casting die is arranged at the outlet of the die-casting device (10).

2. The device for recycling the waste aluminum materials to manufacture the aluminum castings according to the claim 1, wherein the conveying mechanism (1) comprises a conveying cavity (11), a transmission shaft (12) is arranged in the conveying cavity (11) in a rotating mode, a belt pulley (13) is fixed on the transmission shaft (12), a conveying belt (14) is arranged on the belt pulley (13), and an impurity removing device used for primarily screening out iron waste products on the conveying belt (14) is arranged above the conveying belt (14).

3. The device for recycling the waste aluminum materials to manufacture the aluminum castings according to claim 2, wherein the impurity removing device comprises a rotating shaft (150) rotatably arranged in the conveying cavity (11), an electromagnetic wheel (151) is fixed on the rotating shaft (150), a collecting cavity (152) is arranged at one end of the conveying cavity (11), a through hole (153) is formed between the collecting cavity (152) and the conveying cavity (11), a scraping plate (154) is further arranged in the collecting cavity (152), one end of the scraping plate (154) is close to the electromagnetic wheel (151), the other end of the scraping plate is extended to the through hole (153), and the electromagnetic wheel (151) can scrape off iron waste products attracted by the electromagnetic wheel (151).

4. An apparatus for producing aluminium castings according to claim 2, wherein the cleaning device comprises a n-shaped frame (160) disposed inside the transfer chamber (11) and mounted above the conveyor belt (14), and an electromagnetic chuck (161) fixed to the n-shaped frame (160).

5. The device for recycling the waste aluminum materials to manufacture the aluminum castings according to claim 1, wherein a filter screen installation groove (201) and an annular groove (202) are formed in the inner wall of the shell (20), the filter screen (21) is installed in the filter screen installation groove (201), the outer wall of the second impurity removing frame (27) is installed in the annular groove (202), a rotating disc (25) is fixed at the lower end of the rotating rod (24), the inner wall of the first impurity removing frame (26) is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating disc (25), and the magnetic device (28) adopts a strong magnet block or an electromagnet.

6. The device for recovering and manufacturing the aluminum castings according to the waste aluminum materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dehydration and oil removal mechanism (3) is communicated with the preheating furnace (5) through a material suction pump (4), the input end of the material suction pump (4) is fixedly connected with one end of a material suction pipe (40), the other end of the material suction pipe (40) is connected with the outlet of the dehydration and oil removal mechanism (3), the output end of the material suction pump (4) is fixedly connected with one end of a material discharge pipe (41), and the other end of the material discharge pipe (41) is fixedly connected with the feed inlet (50) of the preheating furnace (5).

7. An apparatus for producing aluminum castings according to the scrap aluminum recycling of claim 1, wherein the stirring device (64) comprises:

the driving motor (640) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (60);

one end of the rotating rod (641) is fixedly connected with the power output end of the driving motor (640), and the other end of the rotating rod penetrates through the top of the furnace body (60) and extends to the position above the high-temperature-resistant filter screen (610);

the main stirring blade (642) is fixed below the middle of the rotating rod (641);

the main stirring blade (642) is of a U-shaped structure, and a plurality of auxiliary stirring blades (643) are uniformly fixed on the outer walls of two sides of the main stirring blade (642).

8. An apparatus for producing aluminum castings according to claim 7 with the recovery of scrap aluminum, wherein the stirring device (64) further comprises an electromagnetic stirrer (65) mounted on the bottom wall of the furnace body (60).

9. The device for recycling the waste aluminum materials to manufacture aluminum castings according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a suction pump (9) is further arranged between the preheating furnace (5) and the melting furnace (6), one end of the suction pump (9) is connected with a recycling pipe (90), the other end of the suction pump is connected with an air inlet pipe (91), the recycling pipe (90) is communicated with the inside of the furnace body (60), a dispersion pipe (92) is arranged on the bottom surface of the inside of the preheating furnace (5), the air inlet pipe (91) is connected with the dispersion pipe (92), heat insulation pads made of asbestos are arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the inside of the recycling pipe (90) and the air inlet pipe (91), and an exhaust pipe (51) is arranged on the top wall of the preheating furnace (5).

10. A method for producing aluminum castings through the recovery of aluminum scraps, which is implemented by the apparatus for producing aluminum castings through the recovery of aluminum scraps according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:

(1) primarily removing impurities: carrying out magnetic separation on the cleaned and air-dried waste aluminum material by a conveying mechanism to remove impurities;

(2) secondary impurity removal: crushing the waste aluminum material subjected to primary impurity removal by an impurity removal crushing device, and performing secondary impurity removal on the crushed waste aluminum material by a plurality of magnetic devices;

(3) dewatering and deoiling: dehydrating and deoiling the waste aluminum material subjected to secondary impurity removal in a dehydration and deoiling mechanism;

(4) preheating: preheating and heating the dehydrated and deoiled waste aluminum material in a preheating furnace;

(5) smelting: after preheating is finished, feeding the waste aluminum material into a melting furnace for melting;

(6) pouring: pouring the smelted aluminum liquid into a die-casting die to obtain a target aluminum casting;

the smelting of the scrap aluminum material in the step (5) comprises the following processes:

and the preheated waste aluminum materials are conveyed into a first melting chamber in the furnace body through a feeding device to be dissolved and stirred, and the dissolved aluminum liquid flows into a second melting chamber after being filtered by a high-temperature-resistant filter screen to be continuously melted and then is conveyed into a die casting device through a mechanical pump.

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