CN113403630B - Hydrogen producing device by catalytic electrolysis - Google Patents
Hydrogen producing device by catalytic electrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN113403630B CN113403630B CN202110690252.1A CN202110690252A CN113403630B CN 113403630 B CN113403630 B CN 113403630B CN 202110690252 A CN202110690252 A CN 202110690252A CN 113403630 B CN113403630 B CN 113403630B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 platinum and iridium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/036—Bipolar electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/077—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/089—Alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
- C25B9/21—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms two or more diaphragms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis, which comprises a shell, an AC-DC converter, an oxygen collecting system, a hydrogen collecting system and an electrolyte supplying system, wherein the electrolyte supplying system is arranged in the shell and is internally provided with a plurality of independent electrolysis generating chambers, a diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent electrolysis generating chambers, an electrolyzed water unit is arranged in each electrolysis generating chamber and comprises a bipolar catalytic electrode and a sealing piece, the bipolar catalytic electrode comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by an electrode clapboard, the cathode electrode is coated with cathode material particles for catalytic electrolysis, the electrode clapboard divides each electrolysis generating chamber into an oxygen generating area and a hydrogen generating area, the bottom of the oxygen generating area and the top of the hydrogen generating area are both provided with the sealing pieces, the oxygen collecting system is communicated with the oxygen generating area through a first pipeline, the hydrogen collecting system is communicated with the hydrogen generating area through a second pipeline, so that the technical cost is low and the electrolysis efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of hydrogen preparation, in particular to a device for preparing hydrogen through catalytic electrolysis.
Background
With the increasing energy crisis and environmental crisis worldwide, new energy becomes a development direction which is more and more emphasized, and hydrogen energy becomes an important means for realizing carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization. With the invention, development and industrialization of hydrogen fuel cells, the hydrogen preparation needs to be realized in a cleaner way, so that the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved. The current preparation mode of hydrogen gas limits the popularization and application of hydrogen energy to a great extent. The hydrogen production by water electrolysis is considered as a main way for producing hydrogen, and particularly, the hydrogen is produced by electrolyzing water by utilizing abandoned energy in a new energy power generation system which utilizes solar energy and wind energy with large fluctuation amplitude to impact a power grid and produce abandoned wind and abandoned light, so that the energy is utilized most fully. With the increasing of the hydrogen consumption, the water electrolysis technology has been developed and applied, mainly including alkaline water electrolysis, PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) water electrolysis and other technologies, but there are situations that precious metals are needed to be used as catalysts, especially the PEM water electrolysis technology, a large amount of rare precious metals such as platinum and iridium are needed to be used as catalysts, and the precious metals are also main catalysts of fuel cells, so that the catalysts are inevitably contended with the fuel cells, and the cost is difficult to control. Moreover, the water electrolysis technologies have the problem of large electrode polarization, which results in low electrolysis efficiency. In addition, designers of conventional water electrolysis apparatuses are constantly improving their original designs in an attempt to improve their original drawbacks, and the effects are relatively insignificant because they are not changed from the material side.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a device for producing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis, which can solve the technical defects of the prior art, such as high cost and low electrolysis efficiency.
The invention relates to a device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis, which comprises a shell, an AC-DC converter, an oxygen collecting system, a hydrogen collecting system and an electrolyte supplying system, wherein the electrolyte supplying system is arranged in the shell, a plurality of independent electrolysis generating chambers are arranged in the electrolyte supplying system, a diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent electrolysis generating chambers, an electrolyzed water unit is arranged in each electrolysis generating chamber, the electrolyzed water units are connected in series, each electrolyzed water unit comprises a bipolar catalytic electrode and a sealing element, the bipolar catalytic electrode comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by an electrode clapboard, the cathode electrode is coated with cathode material particles for catalytic electrolysis, the electrode clapboard divides each electrolysis generating chamber into an oxygen generating area and a hydrogen generating area, and the bottom of the oxygen generating area and the top of the hydrogen generating area are both provided with the sealing elements, the oxygen collection system is communicated with the oxygen generation area through a first pipeline, the hydrogen collection system is communicated with the hydrogen generation area through a second pipeline, and the AC-DC converter is used for converting external alternating current into direct current to provide electrolytic electric energy.
Further, an anode electrode of the bipolar catalytic electrode is formed by coating anode material particles on one surface of a first metal plate substrate, a cathode electrode of the bipolar catalytic electrode is formed by coating cathode material particles on one surface of a second metal plate substrate, the first metal plate substrate coated with the anode material particles, an electrode separator and the second metal plate substrate coated with the cathode material particles are sequentially overlapped and combined to form the bipolar catalytic electrode, and one surface of the first metal plate substrate coated with the anode material particles and one surface of the second metal plate substrate coated with the cathode material particles are arranged in a mode of deviating from each other.
Furthermore, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the bipolar catalytic electrode are respectively completed by coating anode material particles on one surface of the third metal plate substrate and coating cathode material particles on the other surface of the third metal plate substrate.
Further, the anode material particles are one or a mixture of two or more of nickel, nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide, and the cathode material particles are rare earth alloy.
Furthermore, an electrolysis liquid outlet is formed in the bipolar catalytic electrode, an oxygen outlet, a hydrogen outlet and an electrolysis liquid inlet are formed in the top of the bipolar catalytic electrode, the electrolysis liquid inlet and the electrolysis liquid outlet are communicated with each electrolysis generation chamber, the oxygen outlet is communicated with the first pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the second pipeline.
Furthermore, an electrolysis liquid outlet, an electrolysis liquid inlet, an oxygen outlet and a hydrogen outlet are formed in the first metal plate base body, the second metal plate base body and the electrode partition plate.
Further, the device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis also comprises a current monitor and a voltage monitor, wherein the current monitor and the voltage monitor are respectively used for detecting and controlling the current and the voltage of the electrolytic reaction.
Further, a gas concentration detection device, an explosion venting and quick discharging port are installed in the hydrogen collecting system, the gas concentration detection device is used for determining whether the hydrogen concentration is in a safe range, and the explosion venting and quick discharging port is used for gas discharging.
Further, the device for preparing hydrogen through catalytic electrolysis also comprises a composite frame, and the composite frame is coated on the periphery of the diaphragm.
Further, the electrolyte supply system takes an alkaline solution as an electrolyte.
The invention relates to a device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis, which comprises a shell, an AC-DC converter, an oxygen collecting system, a hydrogen collecting system and an electrolyte supplying system, wherein the electrolyte supplying system is arranged in the shell, a plurality of independent electrolysis generating chambers are arranged in the electrolyte supplying system, a diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent electrolysis generating chambers, an electrolyzed water unit is arranged in each electrolysis generating chamber, the electrolyzed water units are connected in series, each electrolyzed water unit comprises a bipolar catalytic electrode and a sealing element, the bipolar catalytic electrode comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by an electrode clapboard, the cathode electrode is coated with cathode material particles for catalytic electrolysis, the electrode clapboard divides each electrolysis generating chamber into an oxygen generating area and a hydrogen generating area, and the bottom of the oxygen generating area and the top of the hydrogen generating area are both provided with the sealing elements, the oxygen collection system is communicated with the oxygen generation area through a first pipeline, the hydrogen collection system is communicated with the hydrogen generation area through a second pipeline, the AC-DC converter is used for converting external alternating current into direct current to provide electrolytic electric energy, and gas separation and high-purity gas preparation are effectively achieved through the arrangement.
In addition, the device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis uses one or a mixture of two or more of nickel, nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide as an anode and rare earth alloy as a cathode, and the anode and the cathode are separated by a diaphragm, so that the problem of large polarization of the traditional water electrolysis hydrogen preparation electrode is effectively solved.
Furthermore, the hydrogen preparation device through catalytic electrolysis is provided with the special diaphragm with the composite frame in the design process, so that hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis can be mixed or isolated according to needs, and the hydrogen preparation purity is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a catalytic electrolysis hydrogen production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bipolar catalytic electrode of FIG. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a housing; 2. an electrolyte supply system; 3. a diaphragm; 4. a bipolar catalytic electrode; 5. a seal member; 6. an anode electrode; 7. a cathode electrode; 8. an electrode separator; 9. a first conduit; 10. a second conduit; 11. anode material particles; 12. particles of a cathode material; 13. a first metal plate substrate; 14. a second metal plate substrate; 15. an electrolysis liquid outlet; 16. an oxygen outlet; 17. a hydrogen outlet; 18. and (4) electrolyzing the liquid inlet.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In the present invention, the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The terms "first", "second" and "third" are used mainly to distinguish different components, but do not specifically limit the components.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a catalytic electrolysis hydrogen production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis comprises a shell 1, an AC-DC (Alternating current-Direct current) converter, an oxygen collecting system, a hydrogen collecting system and an electrolyte supplying system 2, wherein the electrolyte supplying system 2 is arranged in the shell 1, a plurality of independent electrolysis generating chambers are arranged in the shell, a diaphragm 3 is arranged between every two adjacent electrolysis generating chambers, an electrolytic water unit is arranged in each electrolysis generating chamber and comprises a bipolar catalytic electrode 4 and a sealing piece 5, the diaphragm 3 is used for isolating the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 to avoid contact short circuit of the bipolar catalytic electrode, an ion channel is formed by the diaphragm 3 and electrolyte in the electrolyte supplying system 2 together, the electrolytic hydrogen production reaction is convenient to carry out, the electrolytic water units are connected in series, the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 comprises an anode electrode 6 and a cathode electrode 7, wherein, the anode electrode 6 and the cathode electrode 7 are separated by an electrode separator 8, the cathode electrode 7 is coated with cathode material particles 12 for catalytic electrolysis, each electrolysis generation chamber is divided into an oxygen generation area and a hydrogen generation area by the electrode separator 8, the bottom of the oxygen generation area and the top of the hydrogen generation area are both provided with a sealing member 5, an oxygen collection system is communicated with the oxygen generation area through a first pipeline 9 and can collect and store oxygen generated by the anode electrode 6, a hydrogen collection system is communicated with the hydrogen generation area through a second pipeline 10 and can collect and store hydrogen generated by the cathode electrode 7, and an AC-DC converter is used for converting external alternating current into direct current to provide electrolytic electric energy. It should be noted that, in order to determine that the concentration of the collected hydrogen is within the safe range and avoid the occurrence of explosion, the hydrogen collection system is provided with a gas concentration detection device and an explosion venting and rapid discharging port, and once the gas concentration detection device detects that the concentration of the collected hydrogen exceeds the preset safe range, the explosion venting and rapid discharging port is started to discharge the hydrogen.
Referring to fig. 2, the anode electrode 6 of the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 is formed by coating the anode material particles 11 on one surface of the first metal plate substrate 13, the cathode electrode 7 thereof is formed by coating the cathode material particles 12 on one surface of the second metal plate substrate 14, the first metal plate substrate 13 coated with the anode material particles 11, the electrode separator 8 and the second metal plate substrate 14 coated with the cathode material particles 12 are sequentially stacked and combined to form the bipolar catalytic electrode 4, and the surface of the first metal plate substrate 13 coated with the anode material particles 11 is separated from the surface of the second metal plate substrate 14 coated with the cathode material particles 12.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to first making the anode electrode 6 and the cathode electrode 7 separately, and then combining them into the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 through the electrode separator 8, in other embodiments, the anode electrode 6 and the cathode electrode 7 of the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 are respectively completed by coating one surface of the third metal plate substrate with the anode material particles 11, and coating the other surface with the cathode material particles 12, in which case only one metal plate substrate is needed. Preferably, the first metal plate substrate 13, the second metal plate substrate 14 and the third metal plate substrate are made of nickel plates, the anode material particles 11 are made of one or a mixture of two or more of nickel, nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide, and the cathode material particles 12 are made of rare earth alloy, but other materials can be used for the anode material particles 11 and the cathode material particles 12. Therefore, in the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 of the present invention, the cathode and anode coated materials do not contain precious and rare metals such as platinum and iridium, and instead, rare earth alloys are used as the main components, which not only greatly reduces the cost of the hydrogen preparation device, but also helps to put precious metals such as platinum and iridium into the hydrogen fuel cell product, and does not compete with the hydrogen fuel cell product for resources under the condition of providing the hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell product, thereby effectively promoting the industrial development.
In a further technical scheme, an electrolysis liquid outlet 15 is arranged at the bottom of the bipolar catalytic electrode 4, an oxygen outlet 16, a hydrogen outlet 17 and an electrolysis liquid inlet 18 are respectively arranged at the top of the bipolar catalytic electrode, the electrolysis liquid inlet 18 and the electrolysis liquid outlet 15 are communicated with each electrolysis generation chamber, the oxygen outlet 16 is communicated with a first pipeline 9, and the hydrogen outlet 17 is communicated with a second pipeline 10, specifically, referring to fig. 2, the electrolysis liquid outlet 15, the electrolysis liquid inlet 18, the oxygen outlet and the hydrogen outlet 17 are respectively arranged on the first metal plate substrate 13, the second metal plate substrate 14 and the electrode separator 8.
The device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis takes alkaline solution as electrolyte, and OH in electrolyte at anode end after the device is electrified-Will oxidize to O2At the cathode terminal H2H in O+Will be reduced to generate H2Since the rare earth alloy is an effective catalyst for the cathode reaction, the reaction efficiency can be improved, so that an oxygen generation region and a hydrogen generation region are respectively formed between the diaphragm 3 and the first metal plate substrate 13 and the second metal plate substrate 14 of the bipolar catalytic electrode 4, a gas channel for separating hydrogen and oxygen can be formed through the sealing member 5, and gas collection is respectively performed by combining the external first pipeline 9 and the external second pipeline 10. It should be noted that, when the anode electrode 6 and the cathode electrode 7 of the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 are respectively completed by coating one surface of the third metal plate substrate with the anode material particles 11 and the other surface of the third metal plate substrate with the cathode material particles 12, the third metal plate is manufactured into a multilayer structure, and hydrogen and oxygen runners are respectively formed on the third metal plate substrate for gas collection. Meanwhile, an electrolyte liquid level controller is arranged in the electrolyte supply system 2 and used for controlling the supply amount of the electrolyte and ensuring the reaction.
In a further technical scheme, the device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis further comprises a current monitor and a voltage monitor, wherein the current monitor and the voltage monitor are respectively used for detecting and controlling the current and the voltage of the electrolytic reaction, so that the electrolytic reaction is ensured to be carried out in a preset interval, and an alarm can be given and power supply can be stopped when abnormality occurs.
Meanwhile, in the device, the diaphragm 3 needs to be subjected to edge sealing treatment, so that gas cannot flow through the diaphragm, and the periphery of the diaphragm 3 is coated with the composite frame, so that the insulating and airtight diaphragm 3 with the composite frame is formed.
To sum up, the device for preparing hydrogen by catalyzing and electrolyzing water effectively realizes the progress of the water electrolysis hydrogen preparation technology on one hand, introduces the novel bipolar catalytic electrode 4 with the gas separation structure into the hydrogen preparation device, is convenient for realizing gas separation and preparation of high-purity gas, does not use rare noble metals such as platinum, iridium and the like, and uses rare earth alloy instead, thereby not only effectively controlling the cost, but also providing guarantee for rationalization of resources in the whole industry; on the other hand, the bipolar catalytic electrode 4 structure and the rare earth alloy are used, so that the reaction resistance impedance and the electrochemical impedance are effectively reduced, and the reaction efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A device for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis is characterized by comprising a shell, an AC-DC converter, an oxygen collecting system, a hydrogen collecting system and an electrolyte supplying system, wherein the electrolyte supplying system is arranged in the shell, a plurality of independent electrolysis generating chambers are arranged in the electrolyte supplying system, a diaphragm is arranged between every two adjacent electrolysis generating chambers, the periphery of the diaphragm is coated with a composite frame, the edge of the diaphragm is sealed so as to be insulated and airtight, an electrolyzed water unit is arranged in each electrolysis generating chamber and connected in series, each electrolyzed water unit comprises a bipolar catalytic electrode and a sealing element, the bipolar catalytic electrode comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by an electrode separator, the anode electrode is coated with anode material particles, the cathode electrode is coated with cathode material particles for catalytic electrolysis, each electrolysis generation chamber is divided into an oxygen generation region and a hydrogen generation region by the electrode partition plate, sealing elements are arranged at the bottom of the oxygen generation region and the top of the hydrogen generation region, the oxygen collection system is communicated with the oxygen generation region through a first pipeline, the hydrogen collection system is communicated with the hydrogen generation region through a second pipeline, the AC-DC converter is used for converting external alternating current into direct current to provide electrolytic electric energy, wherein the anode material particles are one or a mixture of two or more of nickel, nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide, and the cathode material particles are rare earth alloy.
2. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen through catalytic electrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the anode electrode of the bipolar catalytic electrode is formed by coating one surface of a first metal plate substrate with anode material particles, the cathode electrode thereof is formed by coating one surface of a second metal plate substrate with cathode material particles, the first metal plate substrate coated with anode material particles, the electrode separator and the second metal plate substrate coated with cathode material particles are sequentially stacked and combined to form the bipolar catalytic electrode, and the surface of the first metal plate substrate coated with anode material particles is away from the surface of the second metal plate substrate coated with cathode material particles.
3. The apparatus for producing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the anode and cathode of the bipolar catalytic electrode are respectively coated with anode material particles on one side and cathode material particles on the other side of the third metal plate substrate.
4. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis according to claim 2, wherein the bipolar catalytic electrode is provided with an electrolysis liquid outlet, and the top of the bipolar catalytic electrode is respectively provided with an oxygen outlet, a hydrogen outlet and an electrolysis liquid inlet, the electrolysis liquid inlet and the electrolysis liquid outlet are communicated with each electrolysis generation chamber, the oxygen outlet is communicated with the first pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the second pipeline.
5. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis according to claim 4, wherein the first metal plate substrate, the second metal plate substrate and the electrode separator are all provided with an electrolysis liquid outlet, an electrolysis liquid inlet, an oxygen outlet and a hydrogen outlet.
6. The apparatus for producing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis according to claim 1, further comprising a current monitor and a voltage monitor for detecting and controlling the current and voltage of the electrolysis reaction, respectively.
7. The apparatus for producing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen collection system is provided with a gas concentration detection device for determining whether the hydrogen concentration is within a safe range, an explosion relief and a quick discharge port for gas discharge.
8. The apparatus for producing hydrogen by catalytic electrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte supply system uses an alkaline solution as the electrolyte.
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| CN114108015B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-08-04 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | A filter press type membraneless water electrolyzer |
| CN114318402A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-12 | 湖南博忆源机电设备有限公司 | A kind of electrolyzed water hydrogen production electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836775A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-08-02 | 上海电力大学 | Integrated portable photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production device and hydrogen production system |
| CN115323399B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-10-29 | 四川大学 | Non-pure water solution desalination-free in-situ direct electrolysis hydrogen production device and use method |
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| US8940151B1 (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2015-01-27 | Advanced Hydrogen Products, LLC | Water electrolysis systems and methods |
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| US4208451A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1980-06-17 | Compagnie Generale D'electricite | Bipolar electrode for an electrolyzer |
| JPS5845388A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1983-03-16 | Chlorine Eng Corp Ltd | Electrolytic cell |
| CN1198952C (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2005-04-27 | 华东师范大学 | Rare-earth alloy material, its preparing process and its application as cathode in electrolysis industry |
| CN201530867U (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-07-21 | 上海化工研究院 | An electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water |
| BR112013010763B1 (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2022-01-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental & Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd | SEA WATER ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEMS AND METHODS |
| CN207512264U (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-06-19 | 山西大同大学 | A kind of device for preparing hydrogen |
| CN108486596A (en) * | 2018-06-02 | 2018-09-04 | 南通安思卓新能源有限公司 | A kind of wind-powered electricity generation water electrolysis hydrogen production system |
| CN110791774B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-04-13 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method of electrolyzing water vapor to produce hydrogen |
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