CN113397469B

CN113397469B - Sheath and nephroscope

Info

Publication number: CN113397469B
Application number: CN202110856196.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 费兴伟
Original assignee: Qingdao Jianxin Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Jianxin Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-28
Filing date: 2021-07-28
Publication date: 2025-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-28
Also published as: CN113397469A

Abstract

The present invention provides a sheath tube and a nephroscope, which relate to the technical field of medical instruments, and include a sheath tube main body, on which a lens channel suitable for lens insertion and an instrument channel suitable for surgical instrument insertion are provided; a light providing structure is arranged on the sheath tube main body, and provides light for imaging of the lens inserted into the lens channel; at least a portion of the sheath tube main body located on the distal side of the light providing structure is made of a light-guiding material, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the cross-section of the tube body of the sheath tube is large, thereby increasing the wound area of the human body, and achieves the technical effect of reducing the cross-sectional size of the tube body of the sheath tube while keeping the instrument channel and the lens channel unchanged, thereby reducing the wound area that needs to be opened in the human body.

Description

Sheath tube and nephroscope

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a sheath tube and a nephroscope.

Background

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy refers to the creation of a skin-to-kidney passage in the waist, through which a nephroscope is inserted into the kidney, and the lithotripsy tools such as laser and ultrasound are used to break up and remove kidney stones. So-called "hole-punching stone removal". English shorthand is PCNL. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a modern minimally invasive technique for the treatment of kidney stones.

The prior art nephroscope comprises a sheath tube and a lens, wherein the sheath tube is provided with a working channel and a lens channel, in order to provide light for imaging of the lens in the lens channel, the prior art nephroscope basically adopts an optical fiber light guide mode, namely, a light guide channel extending in the same direction as the lens channel is designed in the sheath tube, and a light guide structure such as an optical fiber is inserted in the light guide channel, and illumination is provided for imaging of the lens through optical fiber luminescence in the light guide channel, so that the sheath tube in the prior art needs to be provided with additional light guide channels or the cross section size of the lens channel is increased so as to be additionally inserted in the light guide structure, on one hand, the processing cost is increased, and on the other hand, the space arranged by the working channel in the sheath tube can be compressed by the arrangement of the light guide channel on the premise that the cross section size of the sheath tube is unchanged. Is not beneficial to the operation of operators, and can lead the overall section size of the sheath tube to be larger and increase the wound area of the human body on the premise of ensuring that the section size of the working channel is unchanged.

In addition, the prior nephroscope is of a structure integrating a sheath tube and a lens, the cost is high, the cost is up to tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands, the lens is often required to be reused, the lens stretches out from a lens channel to be close to a focus and is easy to be polluted, when the lens is reused, the problem that cross infection of a patient is easily caused because the lens cannot be killed in place is easy to exist, meanwhile, the lens is influenced by an ultrasonic instrument in the use process, particularly an optical lens group is easily caused in the ultrasonic use process, the lens group is easily damaged, the whole nephroscope cannot be used, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a sheath tube and a nephroscope which have simple structures and can increase the cross section proportion of the cross section of a sheath tube to the cross section of the tube body of the sheath tube on the premise that the cross section of a lens channel and the cross section of an instrument channel are unchanged, so as to solve the technical problems of larger overall dimension of the tube body of the sheath tube or smaller cross section proportion of the cross section of the tube body of the sheath tube to the cross section of the instrument channel in the prior art.

The invention provides a sheath tube, comprising:

a sheath body having a lens channel extending distally from a proximal end of the sheath body, adapted for insertion of a lens, and an instrument channel adapted for insertion of a surgical instrument;

the light ray providing structure is arranged on the sheath tube main body and is used for providing light rays for imaging a lens inserted into the lens channel;

At least a portion of the sheath body is made of a light guiding material and extends from a position of the sheath body where the light providing structure is provided to a distal end of the sheath body.

Further, the distal end of the lens channel is sealed, and the sealing part is made of a light guide material.

Further, a light shielding layer is provided on the outer surface of the portion of the sheath main body made of the light guiding material.

Further, the light providing structure comprises a self-luminous structure capable of emitting light after being electrified and/or a light guiding structure capable of conducting the light of the external luminous structure to the sheath tube main body.

Further, a light source interface is arranged on the sheath tube main body, an optical fiber cavity for accommodating the light guide structure is formed in the light source interface, and the light guide structure comprises an optical fiber bundle extending in the optical fiber cavity.

Further, the self-luminous structure includes a light source disposed at a proximal end of the sheath body, the light source being powered by an internal or external power source, the light source having a channel in communication with a proximal end of the instrument channel adapted for passage of the surgical instrument therethrough.

Further, the instrument channel extends axially of the sheath body;

And/or

A self-sealing structure is arranged at the proximal end port of the instrument channel and is used for sealing a surgical instrument passing through the self-sealing structure.

Further, the end face of the distal end of the sheath tube main body is an arc face, and one end of the arc face, which is far away from one side where the lens channel is located, is higher than one end of the arc face, which is close to one side where the lens channel is located.

The sheath body comprises a holding part and a tube body part which is connected with the distal end of the holding part and is suitable for being inserted into a human body or an animal, the cross section of the tube body part is smaller than that of the holding part, and the lens channel and the instrument channel extend from the holding part to the tube body part, wherein:

The holding part is provided with a waterway channel communicated with the instrument channel, the waterway channel is used for being communicated with a cleaning liquid supply source, and cleaning liquid is led into the instrument channel through the waterway channel to clean the focus;

And/or

The holding part is provided with a lens connecting pipe communicated with the lens channel, and an obtuse angle is formed between the axis of the lens connecting pipe and the axis of the pipe body.

A nephroscope of the present invention has the sheath as described above.

The sheath tube provided by the invention has the advantages that at least one part of the sheath tube body is made of the light guide material, and the part extends to the far end of the sheath tube body from the position of the sheath tube body where the light providing structure is arranged, so that the part made of the light guide material on the sheath tube body can transmit the light provided by the light providing structure to the far end (one end in a biological cavity) of the sheath tube body and is emitted from the far end of the sheath tube body to provide illumination for an electronic lens, and the tube body part of the sheath tube body does not need to be additionally provided with the light guide channel which extends in the same direction as the lens channel for providing illumination by inserting an optical fiber.

In addition, the far end of the lens channel is sealed, the sealing part is made of a light guide material, the lens can be prevented from being polluted in the operation process when being positioned in the lens channel, meanwhile, the lens is separated from the sheath tube, and when the lens is reused, only the sheath tube is needed to be replaced, so that cross infection of patients caused by incomplete disinfection can be prevented, and the lens can be prevented from being damaged due to repeated use for many times.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sheath according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a sheath according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an end of a cambered surface of a sheath according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 7.

The icons comprise a 1-lens channel, a 2-instrument channel, a 3-lens connecting pipe, a 4-holding part, a 5-pipe body part, a 6-self-sealing structure, a 7-light source interface, an 8-optical fiber bundle, a 9-lamp holder, a 10-channel, a 11-light source connecting wire, a 12-cambered surface, a 13-annular LED and a 14-waterway channel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As used herein, "distal" refers to the end of the sheath that is proximal to the lesion during use, and "proximal" refers to the end of the sheath that is proximal to the operator during use.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a sheath tube according to embodiment 1 includes:

a sheath body provided with a lens channel 1 extending from a proximal end to a distal end of the sheath body and adapted for lens insertion, and an instrument channel 2 adapted for surgical instrument insertion;

The light providing structure is arranged on the sheath tube main body and is used for providing light for imaging of the lens inserted into the lens channel 1;

At least a portion of the sheath body is made of a light guiding material, and the portion extends from a position of the sheath body where the light providing structure is provided to a distal end of the sheath body.

Preferably, the sheath body comprises a holding part 4 and a tube body part 5 connected with the distal end of the holding part 4 and suitable for being inserted into a human body or an animal, the cross section of the tube body part 5 is smaller than that of the holding part 4, the lens channel 1 and the instrument channel 2 extend from the holding part 4 to the tube body part 5, the holding part 4 has a larger cross section and can be conveniently held by an operator, the cross section of the tube body part 5 is arranged to be smaller, and a wound or a channel area required to be opened on the human body or the animal body is smaller, so that the pain of the human body or the animal body caused by an operation can be relieved.

Because the sheath body is at least partially made of light guide material, and this part extends to the distal end of sheath body by the position department that sets up light and provides the structure of sheath body, therefore, the sheath body by the part that light provided the structure and provide the distal end of sheath body can be conducted to the light that the structure provided by light guide material to the distal end of sheath body, and be given out from the distal end of sheath body, be used for providing illumination for the electron camera lens, the body portion 5 of sheath body need not in addition to set up the light guide channel that extends with the camera lens passageway syntropy, supply optic fibre to insert to provide illumination like this, the structure is simplified, more importantly, under the unchangeable prerequisite of body portion 5 cross section size, can increase the proportion in the body portion 5 cross section of instrument passageway 2, the operation of being convenient for, also can realize the miniaturization of body portion 5 overall dimension under the unchangeable prerequisite of instrument passageway 2 and camera lens passageway 1 cross section size as required. Therefore, the tube diameter of the tube body part of the sheath tube provided by the invention can be made small, and even can be inserted into a urinary catheter. As shown in fig. 3, the portion of the sheath body located below the light source interface may be made of a light guiding material. It is of course also possible that the entire sheath body is made of a light guiding material or that the entire sheath is made of a light guiding material. The light guide material may preferably be PMMA (organic glass) material.

The lens can be an electronic lens (cmos, ccd and other lenses which are known to be used for endoscopes) and is used for collecting images of focus in a human body or an animal body, the far end of the lens channel 1 is sealed, the sealing part is made of light-guiding materials, the lens is positioned in the lens channel 1, the lens can be prevented from being polluted in the operation process, meanwhile, the lens is separated from a sheath tube, and when the lens is reused, only the sheath tube is needed to be replaced, so that cross infection of a patient caused by incomplete killing can be prevented, and the lens can be prevented from being damaged due to repeated use for many times. The distal end of the lens channel 1 is sealed, and of course the material of the distal end seal is also a light guiding material, preferably the distal end of the lens channel 1 is shaped as a blind end.

Preferably, the holding part 4 is provided with a waterway channel 14 communicated with the instrument channel 2, the waterway channel 14 is used for communicating with a cleaning liquid supply source, and cleaning liquid is introduced into the instrument channel 2 through the waterway channel 14 to clean the focus;

Preferably, the holding part 4 is provided with a lens connecting pipe 3 communicated with the lens channel 1, and an obtuse angle is formed between the axis of the lens connecting pipe 3 and the axis of the pipe body 5. The lens channel 1 and the instrument channel 2 are arranged in parallel, and the lens channel 1 only has arc transition at the joint with the lens connecting pipe 3, so that the lens can be protected, and the lens is prevented from being broken.

Further, the outer surface of the portion of the sheath main body made of the light guide material is provided with a light shielding layer. The light loss can be avoided in the setting of shading layer, and the shading layer can be reflection of light coating.

The light providing structure is a light guiding structure capable of transmitting light of the external light emitting structure to the sheath tube main body.

When the light source connector is specifically arranged, the holding part 4 is provided with the light source connector 7, the light source connector 7 is provided with an optical fiber cavity for accommodating the light guide structure, and the light guide structure comprises an optical fiber bundle 8 extending in the optical fiber cavity. The light of the light source provided outside the sheath is conducted to the portion of the sheath body made of the light guide material by the optical fiber bundle 8, and finally emitted from the distal end of the tube body 5 to provide illumination for the electronic lens.

Preferably, the light guide structure and the light source interface 7 are disposed at one end of the grip portion 4 near the tube body portion 5, so that light transmission loss is small. Of course, as an alternative embodiment, it may be arranged at other positions, such as the light source interface 7 being arranged at the proximal end of the grip portion 4 (i.e. the upper end as shown in fig. 3). The light guiding structure may of course be any other light guiding material than the optical fiber bundles 8.

The instrument channel 2 extends in the axial direction of the sheath body, which facilitates the passage of a surgical instrument through the instrument channel 2.

A self-sealing structure 6 is arranged at the proximal end port of the instrument channel 2, and the self-sealing structure 6 is used for sealing the surgical instrument passing through the self-sealing structure 6. The self-sealing structure 6 can automatically form a seal after the surgical instrument passes through, so that the instrument channel 2 can be prevented from being communicated with the outside air and pollution is prevented. The self-sealing structure 6 is preferably a self-sealing rubber ring.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the present embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that the light providing structure is a self-luminous structure provided on the grip portion 4 in the present embodiment 2, and the self-luminous structure can emit light to the sheath main body after being energized. At this time, the whole material of the sheath tube body is made of light guiding material, so that the light of the self-luminous structure is transmitted to the distal end of the tube body 5.

Specifically, the self-luminous structure includes a light source disposed at the proximal end of the grip portion 4, and a light source connection line 11 connected to the light source, the light source can be powered by an internal power source or an external power source, the light source has a channel 10, and the channel 10 communicates with the proximal end of the instrument channel 2, and is suitable for the surgical instrument to pass through. Is electrically connected with a power supply through a light source connecting wire 11 to supply electric energy for the light source.

Preferably, the light source is removably mounted at the proximal end of the sheath body, such as by means of threads. Therefore, after the sheath tube is used once and abandoned, the light source can be detached and reinstalled on the unused sheath tube for use, so that the cost can be saved and the waste can be avoided.

As shown in fig. 5, the light source includes a lamp holder 9 connected to the proximal end of the grip portion 4, and an annular LED13 provided on the lamp holder 9 between the lamp holder 9 and the proximal end of the grip portion 4, the lamp holder 9 having a through hole therein, the through hole communicating with the central hole of the annular LED13 to form a channel 10. The through-hole is preferably formed in a structure having a wide distal end and a narrow proximal end (i.e., an upper wide lower narrow structure as shown in fig. 5), which facilitates the insertion of the surgical machine. The light source connection line 11 is connected to the lamp socket 9. Preferably, the lamp holder 9 can be detachably mounted at the proximal end of the holding portion 4, and when in implementation, an external thread may be provided at the end of the proximal end of the holding portion 4, an internal thread may be provided on the inner wall of the lamp holder 9, and the detachable connection of the two may be realized through threaded connection. Of course, as an alternative embodiment, the annular LED13 may be provided in a structure in which a plurality of LED beads are circumferentially arranged. Of course, OLEDs may also be used instead of LEDs.

In other embodiments, the self-luminous structure and the light guiding structure may be disposed on the holding portion 4 at the same time.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 7 to 8, this embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 in that the end face of the distal end of the tube body 5 is an arc face, and the end of the arc face 12 on the side away from the lens passage 1 is higher than the end of the arc face 12 on the side close to the lens passage 1, and the arc face is provided so as to prevent abrasion of the human or animal body when the tube body 5 is inserted into the human or animal body.

Preferably, the cambered surface 12 is provided with a coating for uniformly scattering light. The arrangement of the coating of the cambered surface 12 enables light to be scattered more uniformly, so that the irradiation area of the far end of the pipe body 5 is increased, and the lens is ensured to have good imaging effect and better observation field of view.

The nephroscope of the invention comprises the sheath tube.

The operation process is that a channel extending to a focus is arranged on the human body or the animal body, the tube body 5 of the sheath tube extends into the focus from the channel, the lens is inserted into the lens channel 1 of the tube body 5 from the lens connecting tube 3, the light source is started, the light is transmitted to the distal end of the sheath tube from the light providing structure through the part of the sheath tube made of the light guiding material, the surgical instrument passes through the self-sealing structure 6 and enters the instrument channel 2, and the operation is carried out on the focus from the distal end of the instrument channel 2, for example, the ultrasonic probe passes through the self-sealing structure 6 and the instrument channel 2 and then carries out the lithotriptic operation. After the broken stone, the cleaning liquid is provided into the instrument channel 2 through the waterway channel 14, and flows out from the distal end of the instrument channel 2, so that the focus is cleaned. The cleaning liquid and broken stone at the focus can be sucked out through the negative pressure adsorption pipeline.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheath tube, which is used for a sheath tube, characterized by comprising the following steps:

A sheath body provided with a lens channel (1) extending from a proximal end to a distal end of the sheath body and adapted for lens insertion, and an instrument channel (2) adapted for surgical instrument insertion;

The light providing structure is arranged on the sheath tube main body and is used for providing light for imaging of the lens inserted into the lens channel (1);

The light providing structure includes a self-luminous structure capable of emitting light after being energized, the self-luminous structure including a light source disposed at a proximal end of the sheath body;

The sheath body comprises a holding part (4), the light source comprises a lamp holder (9) connected to the end part of the proximal end of the holding part (4), and an annular LED (13) arranged on the lamp holder (9) and positioned between the lamp holder (9) and the end part of the proximal end of the holding part (4), the lamp holder (9) is provided with a through hole, the through hole is communicated with the central hole of the annular LED (13) to form a channel (10), the channel (10) is communicated with the proximal end of the instrument channel (2), the through hole is formed into a structure with a wide distal end and a narrow proximal end, and the lamp holder (9) is detachably arranged at the proximal end of the holding part (4);

the whole material of the sheath tube main body is made of a light guide material.

2. Sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that the distal end of the lens channel (1) is sealed and the seal is of light guiding material.

3. The sheath of claim 1, wherein an outer surface of the portion of the sheath body made of the light guiding material is provided with a light shielding layer.

4. The sheath of claim 1, wherein the light source is powered by an internal power source or an external power source.

5. The sheath according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the instrument channel (2) extends in the axial direction of the sheath body;

And/or

A self-sealing structure (6) is arranged at the proximal end port of the instrument channel (2), and the self-sealing structure (6) is used for sealing a surgical instrument passing through the self-sealing structure (6).

6. The sheath according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the end face of the distal end of the sheath body is a cambered surface, and the end of the cambered surface (12) on the side away from the lens channel (1) is higher than the end of the cambered surface (12) on the side close to the lens channel (1).

7. Sheath according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the sheath body comprises a tube body (5) connected to the distal end of the grip (4) and adapted to be inserted into a human or animal, the cross section of the tube body (5) being smaller than the cross section of the grip (4), and that the lens channel (1), the instrument channel (2) each extend from the grip (4) to the tube body (5), wherein:

The holding part (4) is provided with a waterway channel (14) communicated with the instrument channel (2), the waterway channel (14) is used for being communicated with a cleaning liquid supply source, and cleaning liquid is introduced into the instrument channel (2) through the waterway channel (14) to clean a focus;

And/or

The lens connecting pipe (3) communicated with the lens channel (1) is arranged on the holding part (4), and an obtuse angle is formed between the axis of the lens connecting pipe (3) and the axis of the pipe body part (5).

8. A nephroscope having a sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 7.