Axial-radial five-rotor five-air-gap permanent magnet motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of axial flux motors, in particular to a five-rotor five-air-gap permanent magnet motor combined in an axial and radial direction.
Background
The axial permanent magnet motor is also called a disc permanent magnet motor, and due to the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, high power density and the like, the axial permanent magnet motor gets more and more attention, and the axial permanent magnet motor is particularly suitable for occasions requiring high torque density and compact space, such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, industrial equipment and the like. Traditional axial flux permanent-magnet machine has multiple forms, for example single stator single rotor structure, birotor internal stator structure, double stator inner rotor structure and multilayer structure etc. but these structures do not utilize end winding in the motor for axial machine's space utilization can't more abundant utilization, leads to the unable further promotion of torque density of motor. In order to further improve the space utilization rate of the motor and the torque density of the motor, the five-rotor five-air-gap permanent magnet motor combined in the axial and radial directions is designed on the basis of comprehensively considering engineering processing and theoretical design.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide an axial-radial five-rotor five-air-gap permanent magnet motor, and aims to further improve the space utilization rate of the axial motor and improve the torque density.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a shaft radial five-rotor five-air-gap permanent magnet motor, which comprises: the rotor comprises a lower axial rotor, an outer radial rotor, an upper axial rotor, a stator, an inner radial rotor I and an inner radial rotor II; wherein the stator is positioned in the middle of the permanent magnet motor,
the upper axial rotor and the lower axial rotor have the same structure, are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the stator, and are arranged in a vertically symmetrical manner in spatial position;
the first inner radial rotor and the second inner radial rotor are positioned between the upper axial rotor and the lower axial rotor, are completely identical in structure, are arranged in a vertically symmetrical mode in the spatial position, are positioned on the inner periphery of the stator and are coaxial with the stator;
the outer radial rotor is positioned between the upper axial rotor and the lower axial rotor and positioned on the periphery of the stator, the inner radial rotor I and the inner radial rotor II;
the five rotors are connected together through a non-magnetic material and are jointly fixed to the rotating shaft, and five air gaps are formed between the five rotors and the stator.
The "axial direction" or "radial direction" refers to the magnetic line direction of the permanent magnet.
The upper axial rotor and the lower axial rotor have the same structure and are in a wafer shape, and the upper axial rotor and the lower axial rotor respectively comprise axial rotor teeth, axial permanent magnets and axial rotor yokes; the axial rotor teeth are arranged on the axial rotor yoke part along the circumference, and the axial permanent magnet is arranged between two adjacent axial rotor teeth.
And the axial permanent magnets in the upper axial rotor and the lower axial rotor are magnetized along the axial direction and point to the stator.
The outer radial rotor is annular and comprises outer radial rotor teeth, outer radial rotor permanent magnets and an outer radial rotor yoke part respectively; the outer radial rotor teeth are located on the inner circle side of the outer radial rotor yoke portion and are arranged along the circumference, and the outer radial rotor permanent magnet is located between every two adjacent outer radial rotor teeth.
The magnetizing direction of the external radial rotor permanent magnet points to the stator along the radial direction.
The structure of the inner radial rotor I and the structure of the inner radial rotor II are completely the same and are circular, and the inner radial rotor I and the inner radial rotor II respectively comprise inner radial rotor teeth, inner radial rotor permanent magnets and inner radial rotor yoke parts; the inner radial rotor teeth are arranged on the outer circle side of the inner radial rotor yoke portion along the circumference, and the inner radial rotor permanent magnet is arranged between every two adjacent inner radial rotor teeth.
The magnetizing direction of the inner radial rotor permanent magnet points to the stator along the radial direction.
And a gap is reserved between the first inner radial rotor and the second inner radial rotor, and a reserved space is used for installing the stator support.
The axial permanent magnet, the outer radial rotor permanent magnet and the inner radial rotor permanent magnet face to one surface of the stator, and the polarities of the permanent magnets are the same.
The stator comprises stator teeth, an armature winding, stator slots and a stator connecting ring; in order to facilitate the winding to surround and realize the full utilization of the winding, the stator slot is surrounded on four sides, namely the periphery of the stator connecting ring, and the armature winding is surrounded on the stator connecting ring and is positioned in the stator slot.
In order to realize the normal operation of the motor, the stator must be made of isotropic materials, and therefore the stator is made of powder metallurgy materials.
Has the advantages that:
1. the whole motor is provided with five rotors which are made of silicon steel sheet materials, and no special processing technology exists; the motor inner stator adopts powder metallurgy, guarantees isotropy, and adopts the modular processing mode, has simplified the processing mode of whole motor, is convenient for make and volume production.
2. The motor is provided with five rotors, wherein two inner radial rotors, an outer radial rotor and axial rotors on the upper side and the lower side are connected together through a non-magnetic-conductive material, so that the five rotors form a whole and are jointly fixed on a rotating shaft, and the problem of fixing the inner radial rotor and the outer radial rotor is solved. The fixing mode relieves the axial polarization of the axial rotors on the left side and the right side to a certain extent, so that the motor can run more stably.
3. The periphery of the inner stator of the motor surrounds five rotors, and belongs to a five-surface air gap structure.
4. The motor stator in the invention is of a four-side slot structure, and the invention utilizes the end winding which can not be used by the traditional motor, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the permanent magnet and the winding of the motor. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement mode, the heat dissipation effect is increased, so that the motor can bear more current, and the torque increase density of the motor can be further increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the present invention. The figure shows that: the rotor comprises a lower axial rotor 1, an outer radial rotor 2, an upper axial rotor 3, a stator 4, an inner radial rotor I5 and an inner radial rotor II 6.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the lower axial rotor 1 and the upper axial rotor 3, wherein a is a front view and b is a three-dimensional view. The figure shows that: axial rotor teeth 1.1, axial permanent magnets 1.2 and axial rotor yoke parts 1.3; the lower axial rotor 1 and the upper axial rotor 3 have the same structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the outer radial rotor 2, wherein a is a front view and b is a three-dimensional view. The figure shows that: outer radial rotor teeth 2.1, outer radial rotor permanent magnets 2.2, outer radial rotor yoke 2.3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stator 4, in which a is a cross-sectional view and b is a three-dimensional view. The figure shows that: stator teeth 4.1, armature windings 4.2, and stator connecting ring 4.3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first inner radial rotor 5 and the second inner radial rotor 6, wherein a is a front view and b is a three-dimensional view. The figure shows that: inner radial rotor teeth 5.1, inner radial rotor permanent magnets 5.2, and inner radial rotor yoke 5.3; the inner radial rotor I5 and the inner radial rotor II 6 are identical in structure.
In fig. 6, a is an integrated external view showing: a non-magnetic conductive material 7; b is a sectional view of a.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The "axial direction" or "radial direction" of the present invention refers to the direction of the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet.
The invention relates to an axial-radial five-rotor five-air-gap permanent magnet motor, which comprises a lower axial rotor 1, an outer radial rotor 2, an upper axial rotor 3, a stator 4, an inner radial rotor I5 and an inner radial rotor II 6; wherein the stator 4 is located in the middle of the permanent magnet motor.
The upper axial rotor 3 and the lower axial rotor 1 have the same structure, are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the stator 4, and are arranged in a vertically symmetrical manner in spatial position;
the upper or lower axial rotor comprises axial rotor teeth 1.1, axial permanent magnets 1.2 and axial rotor yokes 1.3, respectively. The permanent magnets of the left axial rotor and the right axial rotor are magnetized along the axial direction, and the directions of the permanent magnets point to the stator.
The outer radial rotor 2 comprises outer radial rotor teeth 2.1, outer radial rotor permanent magnets 2.2 and outer radial rotor yokes 2.3, wherein the permanent magnets are magnetized in a direction pointing to the stator along the radial direction. In order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the inner stator, the inner radial rotor is divided into a first inner radial rotor 5 and a second inner radial rotor 6 which are positioned between the upper axial rotor 3 and the lower axial rotor 1, the first inner radial rotor 5 and the second inner radial rotor 6 are completely identical in structure, are arranged in a vertically symmetrical mode in the space, are positioned on the inner periphery of the stator 4 and are coaxial with the stator 4, and a gap is reserved between the first inner radial rotor 5 and the second inner radial rotor 6 and used for installing the stator support. The two inner radial rotors are completely the same in size and are composed of inner radial rotor teeth 5.1, inner radial rotor permanent magnets 5.2 and inner radial rotor yoke parts 5.3, wherein the magnetizing direction of the inner radial rotor permanent magnets 5.2 points to the stator along the radial direction.
And the axial permanent magnets 1.2 in the lower axial rotor 1 and the upper axial rotor 3 are magnetized along the axial direction, and the magnetizing direction points to the stator. The outer radial rotor permanent magnets 2.2 in the outer radial rotor 2 are magnetized in the radial direction, and the magnetizing direction points to the stator. The outer radial rotor 2 is positioned between the upper axial rotor 3 and the lower axial rotor 1 and is positioned at the periphery of the stator 4, the inner radial rotor I5 and the inner radial rotor II 6; and the inner radial rotor permanent magnets 5.2 in the inner radial rotor I5 and the inner radial rotor II 6 are magnetized along the radial direction, and the magnetizing direction points to the stator. All the permanent magnets face to one side of the inner stator, the polarities of the permanent magnets are the same, and all the rotors are made of traditional silicon steel sheets.
The stator 4 comprises stator teeth 4.1, armature windings 4.2, stator connecting rings 4.3 and inner stator slots. In order to facilitate the winding to be surrounded and the full utilization of the winding to be realized, the stator slot is four-sided. The armature windings are wound around the stator connection ring and are located in the stator slots. In order to realize the normal operation of the motor, the stator must be made of isotropic materials, and therefore the stator is made of powder metallurgy materials.
The motor provided by the invention is provided with five rotors which are made of silicon steel sheet materials, so that no special processing technology exists; the five rotors are connected together by a non-magnetic material 7 and are jointly fixed to the shaft, with five air gaps formed between the five rotors and the stator. The motor inner stator adopts powder metallurgy, guarantees isotropy, and adopts the modular processing mode, has simplified the processing mode of whole motor, is convenient for make and volume production. The five rotors are connected into a whole through the non-magnetic conducting material and are fixed on the rotating shaft together, and the fixing problem of the outer radial rotor, the inner radial rotor I and the inner radial rotor II is solved. The fixing mode relieves the axial polarization of the rotors on the upper side and the lower side to a certain extent, so that the motor can run more stably.
The stator of the invention belongs to modularization, only a die of one stator block is needed to be opened, and a plurality of stator blocks are connected to one stator block through the non-magnetic material, so that the processing cost can be reduced, and the processing efficiency can be improved. The stator is of a four-side slot structure, and the invention utilizes the end winding which can not be used by the traditional motor, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the permanent magnet and the winding of the motor. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement mode, the heat dissipation effect is increased, so that the motor can bear more current, and the torque increase density of the motor can be further increased.
The periphery of the inner stator of the motor provided by the invention surrounds five rotors, and belongs to a five-air-gap structure, the structure improves the space utilization rate in the motor, and the end winding is also utilized, so that the torque density of the motor is increased.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.