CN113373353A - Erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire and production method thereof - Google Patents
Erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
- B21C1/04—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
本发明提供一种含铒铝镁合金线材及其生产方法，属于合金生产技术领域，所述含铒铝镁合金线材包含如下重量百分比的成分：Mg 1.3～2.5％、Er0.4～0.8％、Cr0.01～0.1％、Mn 0.01～0.15％、Fe 0.1～0.3％、Si 0.03～0.15％，余量为Al，其它杂质总含量不超过0.25％，单个杂质成分含量不超过0.1％；本发明提供所述含铒铝镁合金线材的制作方法，是经配料、熔化、精炼、放液、水平牵引铸造、铸杆拉拔、中间退火、粗线拉拔、中间退火、细线拉拔、成品退火制成。不仅提高生产效率、降低生产成本，还能提高产品强度和延伸率等性能。The invention provides an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire and a production method thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy production. Cr 0.01-0.1%, Mn 0.01-0.15%, Fe 0.1-0.3%, Si 0.03-0.15%, the balance is Al, the total content of other impurities does not exceed 0.25%, and the content of individual impurity components does not exceed 0.1%; the present invention Provided is the manufacturing method of the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire, which comprises batching, melting, refining, liquid discharging, horizontal traction casting, casting rod drawing, intermediate annealing, thick wire drawing, intermediate annealing, thin wire drawing, and finished product Made by annealing. It not only improves production efficiency and reduces production costs, but also improves product strength and elongation and other properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum magnesium alloy production, and particularly relates to an erbium-containing aluminum magnesium alloy wire and a production method thereof.
Background
With the reform of rural broadcast television networks, the target of village-to-village digital televisions and networks is created in China, the electronic communication industry in China develops rapidly, terminal products produced in the electronic cable industry for a long time are almost pure copper wires, and the price of the copper materials is high, so that the production cost and the terminal consumption cost are increased. The aluminum-magnesium alloy wire is a novel shielding functional material capable of partially replacing a pure copper round wire, is typically applied to an outer conductor braid layer of a coaxial cable, can also be applied to production of communication materials for signal transmission such as network wires, telephone wires, sound wires, USB signal transmission, IT and the like, can be widely applied to the field of information transmission, is matched with a broadband transmission network and a communication network in the emerging industry, and is applied to the fields of military industry and aerospace.
The aluminum-magnesium alloy wire is usually prepared by mixing main raw materials such as aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, chromium ingots and the like, smelting the mixture in a reflection smelting furnace, horizontally casting a casting rod, and then repeatedly drawing, annealing, drawing and annealing the casting rod to draw wires of various specifications. The currently adopted formula is a production method which generally uses magnesium to increase the strength, uses 2.8-3.8% of magnesium with the content, adds a small amount of chromium or manganese for grain refinement, carries out smelting and single-rod horizontal-guide casting to form an aluminum rod with phi 7.5-9.5 mm, then carries out cold drawing to phi 6.5 and phi 5.2, carries out intermediate annealing, draws to phi 4.1mm, carries out intermediate annealing, draws to phi 3.0, draws to phi 1.16mm, carries out intermediate annealing, can draw to various finished product specifications of phi 0.16, phi 0.12 and phi 0.18mm, and finally carries out finished product annealing. The present production method has low efficiency, high cost and poor product performance.
Chinese patent with publication number CN105132763A discloses an aluminum alloy wire and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.2 to 1.35 percent of magnesium, 0.11 to 0.13 percent of erbium, 0.066 to 0.069 percent of lanthanum, 0.45 to 0.65 percent of zinc, 0.024 to 0.028 percent of holmium, 0.22 to 0.024 percent of thulium and the balance of aluminum, wherein the tensile strength reaches 265Mpa, the conductivity reaches 63.0 percent IACS, and the elongation is 2.91 percent. Although having good conductive effect, the elongation is low.
Therefore, a new erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire and a production method thereof need to be researched to improve the product performance of the wire.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire and a production method thereof, wherein rare earth metal erbium is used in the production of the aluminum-magnesium alloy wire, and the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire is prepared by adopting the steps of material preparation, melting, refining, liquid discharge, horizontal traction casting, cast rod drawing, intermediate annealing, thick wire drawing, intermediate annealing, thin wire drawing and finished product annealing, so that the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the performances of the product such as strength, elongation and the like can be improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.3-2.5% of Mg, 0.4-0.8% of Er0.4, 0.01-0.1% of Cr, 0.01-0.15% of Mn, 0.1-0.3% of Fe, 0.03-0.15% of Si, and the balance of Al. The total content of other impurities is not more than 0.25%, and the content of single impurity component is not more than 0.1%.
Further, the Er raw material is an Al-Er intermediate alloy with the content of 3-10%. The Er raw material is purchased from chemical raw material companies and can be directly used.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire is 265-270MPa, the elongation is 10-11%, and the resistivity is less than 0.046 omega mm2/m。
The invention provides a production method of an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) melting metal raw materials except erbium to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(2) adding erbium raw materials into the aluminum alloy melt, mixing, and refining to obtain erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid;
(3) and then carrying out liquid discharge, horizontal traction casting, cast rod drawing, intermediate annealing, thick line drawing, intermediate annealing, fine line drawing and finished product annealing on the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid to obtain the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire.
Further, when the erbium raw material is added, the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt is 760-780 ℃, and the aluminum alloy melt is immediately stirred for 10-15 minutes after the erbium raw material is added, so that the aluminum alloy melt is melted and uniformly mixed.
Further, the horizontal drag casting is: and each casting opening is provided with a crystallization plate, each crystallization plate is provided with two crystallization holes with the diameter of phi 7.0-7.2 mm, after the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid overflows the crystallization holes, the double-rod casting is carried out at the speed of 48-54 cm/min, and the diameter of the cast rod is phi 7.8-9 mm.
Further, the intermediate annealing in the step (3) is carried out at the annealing temperature of 410 +/-5 ℃ for 1.2-1.5 hours; the annealing of the finished product is to keep the temperature at 250 +/-5 ℃ for 4.0-4.5 hours.
Further, the cast rod drawing is: drawing at a speed of 60-80 m/min to a diameter of 5.0-5.5 mm.
Further, the thick line drawing is: drawing the steel plate to a diameter of 0.8-1.6 mm at a drawing speed of 350-450 m/min by continuously drawing 14-16 passes.
Further, the fine wire drawing is: drawing the steel plate by 28-32 continuous drawing passes at a drawing speed of 1600-2000 m/min to a diameter of 0.1-0.18 mm.
The rare earth element erbium added in the invention can play a role in microalloying, and in addition, AI can be generated in the alloy manufacturing process3The Er strengthening phase is preferentially precipitated on the grain boundary, thereby achieving the dispersion strengthening effect around the crystal grains. Meanwhile, certain hydrogen can be consumed, and the purification effect is achieved. The rare earth element erbium can increase the recrystallization temperature of the material, hinder the growth of crystal grains, lead the crystal grains to be refined, improve the alloy strength and ensure that the alloy can maintain stable crystalline structure in a hot processing or annealing treatment state, thereby ensuringMaintains the excellent toughness.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by optimizing the material formula, adding the rare earth element erbium, refining crystal grains and improving the toughness of the material, the magnesium content can be properly reduced, the adverse effect of plasticity reduction caused by the increase of the magnesium content is reduced, and meanwhile, the casting and drawing processes are optimized, the production efficiency is improved and the production cost is reduced.
2. According to the invention, 0.4-0.8% of rare earth Er and 1.3-2.5% of Mg are added into the formula, so that the prepared aluminum-magnesium alloy wire has good mechanical property, the tensile strength is 265-270MPa, the elongation is 10-11%, and the resistivity is less than 0.046 omega mm2Compared with the product with the same specification prepared by a formula only adding 2.8-3.8% of Mg in the conventional process, the tensile strength is improved by 10-15 MPa, the elongation is improved by 2-4%, and the resistivity is reduced by 0.006 omega mm2/m。
3. The wire rod is prepared by adopting a double-rod horizontal traction casting mode, the horizontal traction casting efficiency is improved in a limited space, the molten aluminum casting speed is improved, the secondary air suction is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
4. According to the method, a 14-16 die continuous drawing process is adopted for thick wire drawing, the thick wire is directly drawn from phi 5.0-5.5 mm to phi 0.8-1.6 mm, the material is fully deformed, so that grains are fully crushed into fine grains, a good tissue foundation is laid for subsequent annealing, the overall performance of the material is improved, the production efficiency is improved, intermediate annealing and drawing passes are reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following examples may assist those skilled in the art in a more complete understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Formulation example 1:
an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.3% of Mg, 0.4% of Er0.4%, 0.01% of Cr, 0.01% of Mn, 0.1% of Fe, 0.03% of Si, the balance of Al, the total content of other impurities is not more than 0.25%, the content of a single impurity component is not more than 0.1%, and the Er raw material is an Al-Er intermediate alloy with the content of 3%.
Formulation example 2:
an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg 2.5%, Er0.8%, Cr 0.1%, Mn 0.15%, Fe0.3%, Si 0.15%, and the balance Al, wherein the total content of other impurities is not more than 0.25%, and the content of single impurity component is not more than 0.1%. The Er and Er raw material is an aluminum-Er intermediate alloy with the content of 10%.
Formulation example 3:
an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of Mg, 0.5 percent of Er0.5 percent, 0.02 percent of Cr, 0.03 percent of Mn, 0.2 percent of Fe, 0.05 percent of Si, the balance of Al, the total content of other impurities is not more than 0.25 percent, and the content of single impurity component is not more than 0.1 percent. The Er and Er raw material is an aluminum-Er intermediate alloy with the content of 5%.
Formulation example 4:
an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg 1.8%, Er0.6%, Cr 0.04%, Mn 0.05%, Fe 0.15%, Si 0.07%, and the balance Al, wherein the total content of other impurities is not more than 0.25%, and the content of single impurity component is not more than 0.1%. The Er and Er raw material is an aluminum-Er intermediate alloy with the content of 7%.
Formulation example 5:
an erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg 2.2%, Er0.7%, Cr 0.08%, Mn 0.12%, Fe 0.25%, Si 0.13%, and the balance Al, wherein the total content of other impurities is not more than 0.25%, and the content of single impurity component is not more than 0.1%. The Er and Er raw material is an aluminum-Er intermediate alloy with the content of 9%.
Preparation of example 6
The erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rod is produced according to the formula of example 1, and the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
melting the metal raw materials except erbium, and obtaining an aluminum alloy melt at 770 ℃; adding aluminum erbium intermediate alloy into the aluminum alloy melt, immediately stirring for 12 minutes after mixing to enable the aluminum alloy melt to be melted and uniformly mixed, and refining to obtain erbium-containing aluminum magnesium alloy liquid;
discharging the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid, horizontally drawing, casting, horizontally drawing from a crystal hole with the diameter of 7.1mm, performing cooling-water spraying cooling method of a copper pipe at the temperature of 25 ℃, casting double rods into aluminum alloy rods with the diameter of 8mm at the speed of 50cm/min, drawing the cast rods to the diameter of 5.2mm at the speed of 70m/min, performing intermediate annealing, drawing to the diameter of 1.2mm at the drawing speed of 400m/min through 15 continuous drawing passes, performing intermediate annealing, drawing to the diameter of 0.15mm at the drawing speed of 1800m/min through 30 continuous drawing passes, and annealing the finished product to obtain the erbium-aluminum-magnesium-containing alloy wire; the intermediate annealing is to preserve heat for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 410 ℃; the annealing of the finished product is to keep the temperature at 250 ℃ for 4.5 hours.
Preparation of example 7
The erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rod is produced according to the formula of example 1, and the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
melting metal raw materials except erbium, and obtaining an aluminum alloy melt at 780 ℃; adding aluminum erbium intermediate alloy into the aluminum alloy melt, immediately stirring for 15 minutes after mixing to enable the aluminum alloy melt to be melted and uniformly mixed, and refining to obtain erbium-containing aluminum magnesium alloy liquid;
discharging the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid, horizontally drawing, casting, horizontally drawing from a crystal hole with the diameter of 7mm, cooling a copper pipe at the temperature of 25 ℃, performing underwater spraying cooling, casting a cast rod with the diameter of 8.5mm by using a double-rod casting method at the speed of 54cm/min, drawing the cast rod to the diameter of 5.5mm at the speed of 80m/min, performing intermediate annealing, drawing to the diameter of 1.6mm at the drawing speed of 450m/min by using 16 continuous drawing passes, performing intermediate annealing, drawing to the diameter of 0.18mm at the drawing speed of 2000m/min by using 32 continuous drawing passes, and annealing a finished product to obtain the erbium-aluminum-magnesium-containing alloy wire; the intermediate annealing is to preserve heat for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 410 ℃; the annealing of the finished product is to keep the temperature at 250 ℃ for 4.5 hours.
Preparation of example 8
The erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rod is produced according to the formula of example 1, and the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
melting the metal raw materials except erbium, and obtaining an aluminum alloy melt at 760 ℃; adding aluminum erbium intermediate alloy into the aluminum alloy melt, immediately stirring for 10 minutes after mixing to enable the aluminum alloy melt to be melted and uniformly mixed, and refining to obtain erbium-containing aluminum magnesium alloy liquid;
discharging the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid, horizontally drawing, casting, horizontally drawing from a crystal hole with the diameter of 7.2mm, performing cooling-water spraying cooling method of a copper pipe at the temperature of 25 ℃, casting a double-rod with the speed of 48cm/min to form an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 7.8mm, drawing the cast rod to the diameter of 5.0mm at the speed of 60m/min, performing intermediate annealing, drawing to the diameter of 0.8mm at the drawing speed of 350m/min through 14 continuous drawing passes, performing intermediate annealing, drawing to the diameter of 0.1mm at the drawing speed of 1600m/min through 28 continuous drawing passes, and annealing a finished product to obtain the erbium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy wire; the intermediate annealing is to preserve heat for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 410 ℃; the annealing of the finished product is to keep the temperature at 250 ℃ for 4.5 hours.
Blank group
The aluminum-magnesium alloy wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.8 to 3.8 percent of Mg2.8 percent, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Cr, 0.01 to 0.15 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.03 to 0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.25 percent of the total content of other impurities, less than 0.1 percent of single impurity component and the balance of Al. The preparation process was in accordance with example 8.
The tensile strength, elongation (GB/T4903.3) and resistivity (GB/T3048.2-2007) of the materials obtained in examples 7 and 8 and the blank group were measured, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Resistivity (omega mm)2/m) | |
| Example 7 | 270 | 11 | 0.045 |
| Example 8 | 268 | 10.5 | 0.044 |
| Blank group | 255 | 8 | 0.051 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the tensile strength, elongation and resistivity of the finished wire prepared by the method are better than those of the blank group with the same diameter, and the method can improve the tensile strength, elongation and conductivity of the product.
The formulations of formulation examples 2 to 5 were subjected to the manufacturing methods of examples 7 to 8, respectively, to obtain alloy wires having tensile strengths and elongations similar to those of examples 7 and 8, indicating that the manufacturing method of the present invention has good reproducibility.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
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