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CN113372085A - 一种新型保温节能建筑材料 - Google Patents

一种新型保温节能建筑材料 Download PDF

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CN113372085A
CN113372085A CN202110479145.4A CN202110479145A CN113372085A CN 113372085 A CN113372085 A CN 113372085A CN 202110479145 A CN202110479145 A CN 202110479145A CN 113372085 A CN113372085 A CN 113372085A
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parts
fiber
building material
saving building
novel heat
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刘丰
刘萌
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Suzhou Bizunion Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Bizunion Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/22—Glass ; Devitrified glass
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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    • C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
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    • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
    • C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B16/0625—Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
    • C04B16/0633—Polypropylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
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    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
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    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
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    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种新型保温节能建筑材料，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥125‑145份、炉渣15‑25份、粉煤灰30‑40份、纤维材料6‑8份、岩棉15‑20份、煤矸石20‑28份、水玻璃22‑35份、玻璃微珠4‑6份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β‑环糊精2‑4份、氢氧化铝3‑5份、热塑性树脂5‑7份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子1‑3份、偶联剂1‑3份、分散剂1‑2份、阻燃剂1‑3份、稳定剂2‑4份。本发明的保温节能建筑材料有效的提高了阻燃、防水、保温、耐火性能，且与基材的附着力好，不易脱落。

Description

一种新型保温节能建筑材料
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域，特别涉及一种新型保温节能建筑材料。
背景技术
建筑保温材料是通过对建筑外围护结构采取措施，减少建筑物室内热量向室外散发，从而保持建筑室内温度，建筑保温材料在建筑保温上就起着创造适宜的室内热环境和节约能源有重要作用，满足节能环保的要求。
目前，在外墙外保温工程中使用的轻质保温材料主要是以聚苯泡沫为代表的有机可燃性材料，存在严重的火灾隐患。近年来，由于这类有机可燃性保温材料的使用引起的大型建筑物火灾屡见不鲜，已经造成数以亿计的重大经济损失和多数人身伤亡，且常规的节能保温材料的保温性能较差，难以满足目前的市场需求。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种新型保温节能建筑材料，具有集阻燃保温于一体的优点。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种新型保温节能建筑材料，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥125-145份、炉渣15-25份、粉煤灰30-40份、纤维材料6-8份、岩棉15-20份、煤矸石20-28份、水玻璃22-35份、玻璃微珠4-6份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精2-4份、氢氧化铝3-5份、热塑性树脂5-7份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子1-3份、偶联剂1-3份、分散剂1-2份、阻燃剂1-3份、稳定剂2-4份。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维中的一种或者多种混合。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维按照1∶0.8∶0.6∶0.8∶1.2混合而成。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述水玻璃为高活性纳水玻璃、钾水玻璃和锂水玻璃按质量比1∶1.2∶1.5混合而成。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂和聚丙烯树脂按质量比1.5∶1∶1.2混合而成。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、硅烷偶联剂KH-570中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述阻燃剂为十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的混合物，十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的重量比为2：5。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述稳定剂选自三盐基硫酸铅、二盐基硬脂酸铅、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或多种。
综上所述，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明通过提供一种新型保温节能建筑材料，通过添加炉渣、粉煤灰和煤矸石对废弃物料进行回收利用，有利于减少炉渣、粉煤灰和煤矸石对环境的污染，且能够有效提高建筑材料的阻燃、防水和保温性能，并与纤维材料相结合，提高建筑材料的强度；通过添加纤维材料，玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维相互交联，加强了建筑材料的强度和韧性，提高建筑材料的防水性和耐候性；通过加入岩棉与纤维材料相配合可以减低建筑材料的热传导能力，提高建筑材料的保温性能；水玻璃是硅酸盐水溶液受热后发泡能形成白色多孔材料，是一种不可燃的优良保温无机材料，能够有效的提高建筑材料的保温阻燃性能；空心玻璃微珠的空心球体结构能够反射太阳光，减少基层对太阳光的吸收，且在空心玻璃微珠内可以填充惰性气体，导热系数低，阻隔了热传导，空心玻璃微珠的热反射及空心隔热起到了优良的隔热保温作用；通过添加三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精，起到保水、粘结作用，使得建筑材料不易干裂，与基材的粘附力大，不易脱落，进而改善建筑材料耐久性；并通过添加氢氧化铝，能够对提高建筑材料的耐火阻燃性能。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
一种新型保温节能建筑材料，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥125-145份、炉渣15-25份、粉煤灰30-40份、纤维材料6-8份、岩棉15-20份、煤矸石20-28份、水玻璃22-35份、玻璃微珠4-6份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精2-4份、氢氧化铝3-5份、热塑性树脂5-7份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子1-3份、偶联剂1-3份、分散剂1-2份、阻燃剂1-3份、稳定剂2-4份。
具体的，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维中的一种或者多种混合，本实施例中，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维按照1∶0.8∶0.6∶0.8∶1.2混合而成。
水玻璃为高活性纳水玻璃、钾水玻璃和锂水玻璃按质量比1∶1.2∶1.5混合而成，热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂和聚丙烯树脂按质量比1.5∶1∶1.2混合而成。
偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、硅烷偶联剂KH-570中的一种或多种，分散剂为三聚磷酸钠，阻燃剂为十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的混合物，十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的重量比为2：5，稳定剂选自三盐基硫酸铅、二盐基硬脂酸铅、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或多种。
本发明通过添加炉渣、粉煤灰和煤矸石对废弃物料进行回收利用，有利于减少炉渣、粉煤灰和煤矸石对环境的污染，且能够有效提高建筑材料的阻燃、防水和保温性能，并与纤维材料相结合，提高建筑材料的强度；通过添加纤维材料，玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维相互交联，加强了建筑材料的强度和韧性，提高建筑材料的防水性和耐候性；通过加入岩棉与纤维材料相配合可以减低建筑材料的热传导能力，提高建筑材料的保温性能；水玻璃是硅酸盐水溶液受热后发泡能形成白色多孔材料，是一种不可燃的优良保温无机材料，能够有效的提高建筑材料的保温阻燃性能；空心玻璃微珠的空心球体结构能够反射太阳光，减少基层对太阳光的吸收，且在空心玻璃微珠内可以填充惰性气体，导热系数低，阻隔了热传导，空心玻璃微珠的热反射及空心隔热起到了优良的隔热保温作用；通过添加三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精，起到保水、粘结作用，使得建筑材料不易干裂，与基材的粘附力大，不易脱落，进而改善建筑材料耐久性；并通过添加氢氧化铝，能够对提高建筑材料的耐火阻燃性能。
实施例二
一种新型保温节能建筑材料，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥125份、炉渣15份、粉煤灰30份、纤维材料6份、岩棉15份、煤矸石20份、水玻璃22份、玻璃微珠4份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精2份、氢氧化铝3份、热塑性树脂5份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子1份、偶联剂1份、分散剂1份、阻燃剂1份、稳定剂2份。
具体的，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维中的一种或者多种混合，本实施例中，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维按照1∶0.8∶0.6∶0.8∶1.2混合而成。
水玻璃为高活性纳水玻璃、钾水玻璃和锂水玻璃按质量比1∶1.2∶1.5混合而成，热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂和聚丙烯树脂按质量比1.5∶1∶1.2混合而成。
偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、硅烷偶联剂KH-570中的一种或多种，本实施例中，偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550，分散剂为三聚磷酸钠，阻燃剂为十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的混合物，十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的重量比为2∶5，稳定剂选自三盐基硫酸铅、二盐基硬脂酸铅、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或多种，本实施例中稳定剂为三盐基硫酸铅。
实施例三
一种新型保温节能建筑材料，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥145份、炉渣25份、粉煤灰40份、纤维材料8份、岩棉20份、煤矸石28份、水玻璃35份、玻璃微珠6份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精4份、氢氧化铝5份、热塑性树脂7份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子3份、偶联剂3份、分散剂2份、阻燃剂3份、稳定剂4份。
具体的，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维中的一种或者多种混合，本实施例中，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维按照1∶0.8∶0.6∶0.8∶1.2混合而成。
水玻璃为高活性纳水玻璃、钾水玻璃和锂水玻璃按质量比1∶1.2∶1.5混合而成，热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂和聚丙烯树脂按质量比1.5∶1∶1.2混合而成。
偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、硅烷偶联剂KH-570中的一种或多种，本实施例中，偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-560，分散剂为三聚磷酸钠，阻燃剂为十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的混合物，十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的重量比为2∶5，稳定剂选自三盐基硫酸铅、二盐基硬脂酸铅、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或多种，本实施例中，稳定剂为二盐基硬脂酸铅。
实施例四
一种新型保温节能建筑材料，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥130份、炉渣20份、粉煤灰35份、纤维材料7份、岩棉18份、煤矸石25份、水玻璃30份、玻璃微珠5份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精3份、氢氧化铝4份、热塑性树脂6份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子2份、偶联剂2份、分散剂1.5份、阻燃剂2份、稳定剂3份。
具体的，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维中的一种或者多种混合，本实施例中，纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维按照1∶0.8∶0.6∶0.8∶1.2混合而成。
水玻璃为高活性纳水玻璃、钾水玻璃和锂水玻璃按质量比1∶1.2∶1.5混合而成，热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂和聚丙烯树脂按质量比1.5∶1∶1.2混合而成。
偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、硅烷偶联剂KH-570中的一种或多种，本实施例中偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-570，分散剂为三聚磷酸钠，阻燃剂为十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的混合物，十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的重量比为2∶5，稳定剂选自三盐基硫酸铅、二盐基硬脂酸铅、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或多种，稳定剂为硬脂酸钙。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，按重量份计包括以下组分：水泥125-145份、炉渣15-25份、粉煤灰30-40份、纤维材料6-8份、岩棉15-20份、煤矸石20-28份、水玻璃22-35份、玻璃微珠4-6份、三氟氯菊酸改性氨基化β-环糊精2-4份、氢氧化铝3-5份、热塑性树脂5-7份、稀土氟化物中空纳米离子1-3份、偶联剂1-3份、分散剂1-2份、阻燃剂1-3份、稳定剂2-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维中的一种或者多种混合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述纤维材料为玻璃纤维、聚苯纤维、碳酸铝铵纤维、聚丙烯纤维和石棉矿物纤维按照1:0.8:0.6:0.8：1.2混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述水玻璃为高活性纳水玻璃、钾水玻璃和锂水玻璃按质量比1:1.2:1.5混合而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，热塑性树脂为聚氯乙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂和聚丙烯树脂按质量比1.5:1:1.2混合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述偶联剂选自硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、硅烷偶联剂KH-570中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠。
8.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的混合物，十溴二苯乙烷和溴化环氧树脂的重量比为2:5。
9.根据权利要求1所述的新型保温节能建筑材料，其特征在于，所述稳定剂选自三盐基硫酸铅、二盐基硬脂酸铅、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或多种。
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