CN113346112B - High-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system and control method - Google Patents
High-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113346112B CN113346112B CN202110591314.3A CN202110591314A CN113346112B CN 113346112 B CN113346112 B CN 113346112B CN 202110591314 A CN202110591314 A CN 202110591314A CN 113346112 B CN113346112 B CN 113346112B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system and a control method, wherein a first water pump, a first fuel cell module assembly and a first heat exchanger are connected in series to form a cooling liquid loop, a second fuel cell module assembly and a second heat exchanger form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit is connected in parallel with the first fuel cell module assembly and is connected in series to the cooling liquid loop, a third fuel cell module assembly and a third heat exchanger form a second branch circuit, the second branch circuit is connected in parallel with the second fuel cell module assembly and is connected in series to the first branch circuit, and the rest is done in sequence; the second water pump, the heat dissipation device and the N heat exchangers are sequentially connected in series through pipelines. The technical scheme provided by the invention solves the heat dissipation problem of the fuel cell system of the high-power fuel power station, the cooling capacity of the heat dissipation equipment and the opening degree of the proportional valve are controlled, so that the temperature of the inlet cooling liquid and the temperature of the outlet cooling liquid of each fuel cell module tend to target temperature, and whether each fuel cell module normally operates or not can be judged and corresponding measures can be taken according to the flow of the cooling liquid detected by each flowmeter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power stations, in particular to a high-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system and a control method.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, the requirement for improving the environment is more and more urgent, the harm of the traditional petroleum and coal to the environment is increased day by day, and the substitution of new energy is urgent. Hydrogen energy has the advantages of high calorific value, no pollution and rich sources, and is regarded as the clean energy with the most development potential in the 21 st century. From the global perspective, the main developed countries in the world, from the viewpoints of resources, environmental protection and the like, have high importance on the development of hydrogen energy technology and industry, and are one of the new energy sources with the greatest development prospects, and the main countries in the world and energy enterprises accelerate the layout of the hydrogen energy industry.
The fuel cell power station is an important application direction of the fuel cell, the fuel cell power station needs to increase capacity to meet high power output, the power of the power station is generally larger, such as 100MW, but the current fuel cell system is generally rated at 100kW, so that the fuel cell system has a problem of lower heat dissipation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention provide a heat dissipation system for high power parallel fuel cells and a control method thereof.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system, which comprises a cooling liquid loop and a heat dissipation loop, wherein the cooling liquid loop is connected with the cooling liquid loop;
the cooling liquid loop comprises a first water pump, N fuel cell module assemblies and N heat exchangers, the N fuel cell module assemblies comprise a first fuel cell module assembly and an Nth fuel cell module assembly, each fuel cell module assembly comprises a flow meter and a fuel cell module which are connected through a pipeline, the N heat exchangers comprise a first heat exchanger and an Nth heat exchanger, N is a natural number and is more than 1, the fuel cell module assemblies and the heat exchangers correspond to each other one by one, the first water pump, the first fuel cell module assembly and the first heat exchanger are connected in series to form the cooling liquid loop, the second fuel cell module assembly and the second heat exchanger form a first branch, the first branch is connected with the first fuel cell module assembly in parallel and is connected to the cooling liquid loop in series, and the third fuel cell module assembly and the third heat exchanger form a second branch, the N fuel cell module assembly and the N heat exchanger form an N-1 branch, are connected in parallel with the N-1 fuel cell module assembly and are connected in series with the N-2 branch; in each fuel cell module assembly, the flow meter is positioned between the fuel cell module and the first water pump;
the heat dissipation loop comprises a second water pump and heat dissipation equipment, and the second water pump, the heat dissipation equipment and the N heat exchangers are connected in series through pipelines.
Further, each fuel cell module comprises a plurality of fuel cell units connected in parallel, each fuel cell unit comprises a proportional valve and a fuel cell module which are sequentially connected through a branch pipeline, and the proportional valve is positioned between the flowmeter and the fuel cell module.
Furthermore, be equipped with first temperature sensor on the branch pipeline, first temperature sensor be located the proportional valve with between the fuel cell module, first temperature sensor is used for measuring the coolant liquid and gets into the temperature before the fuel cell module.
Furthermore, a second temperature sensor is arranged on the branch pipeline, the fuel cell module is located between the proportional valve and the second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module.
Further, the fuel cell module is a single stack or a multi-stack.
Furthermore, a main pressure sensor is arranged on the cooling liquid loop and is positioned between the first water pump and the first fuel cell module assembly.
Furthermore, a partial pressure sensor is arranged on each of the N-1 th branches, and the flow meter is positioned between the partial pressure sensor and the fuel cell module unit.
Further, the heat sink is a heat sink or a cooling tower.
Further, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method, which utilizes the high-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system to comprise the following steps:
adjusting inlet coolant temperature of each fuel cell module in each fuel cell module by controlling cooling capacity of the heat dissipation device, so that the difference between actual coolant temperature and target inlet coolant temperature in each fuel cell module tends to 0;
adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid entering each fuel cell module by controlling the opening of the proportional valve corresponding to each fuel cell module, and further adjusting the target outlet cooling liquid temperature to make the difference between the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module and the target outlet cooling liquid temperature tend to 0;
acquiring the flow deviation between the actual feedback flow and the target flow of each flowmeter, wherein if the flow deviation is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, the fuel cell module is in a normal working state, and the operation health of the fuel cell module is better; if the flow deviation is greater than the first preset threshold and less than or equal to a second preset threshold, the fault level of the fuel cell module is three, which indicates that the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell module is larger than a target value, and the operation health of the fuel cell module is general; if the flow deviation is greater than the second preset threshold and less than or equal to a third preset threshold, the fault level of the fuel cell module is in a second level, the fuel cell module is controlled to reduce power to operate, and when the operating power of the fuel cell module is 50% of the target power, the operating health degree of the fuel cell module is unhealthy; and if the flow deviation is greater than the third preset threshold, the fault grade of the fuel cell module is first grade, which indicates that the fuel cell module has a fault, and the fuel cell module is controlled to stop running.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: each fuel cell module is respectively provided with an independent heat exchanger, each heat exchanger can respectively exchange heat with each fuel cell, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heat dissipation problem of a fuel cell system of a high-power fuel power station is solved, the problem of uneven distribution of cooling liquid of all the fuel cells can be solved by controlling the opening degree of each proportional valve, the flow of different fuel cell modules can be independently controlled, the performance of the fuel cell system is better, and the cost is saved. The cooling capacity of the heat dissipation equipment and the opening degree of the proportional valve are controlled, so that the inlet cooling liquid temperature and the outlet cooling liquid temperature of each fuel cell module tend to the target temperature, whether each fuel cell module normally operates can be judged according to the flow of the cooling liquid entering each fuel cell module detected by each flowmeter, the operating health degree of each fuel cell module is identified, and corresponding measures are taken for each fuel cell module.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a high-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system and a control method provided by the present invention.
In the figure: the fuel cell system comprises a cooling liquid loop 100, a first water pump A1, a main pressure sensor P11, a partial pressure sensor P1y, a flow meter E1y, a proportional valve C-iy, a fuel cell module PACKiy, a first temperature sensor Tiy, a second temperature sensor Tiy0, a heat dissipation loop 200, a second water pump A2, a heat exchanger By and a heat sink C1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention provides a high power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system, which includes a cooling liquid loop 100 and a heat dissipation loop 200.
The cooling liquid loop 100 comprises a first water pump A1, N fuel cell module assemblies and N heat exchangers By (y is the number of the fuel cell module assemblies and is a natural number, y is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N), the N fuel cell module assemblies comprise a first fuel cell module assembly.. an Nth fuel cell module assembly, the fuel cell module assemblies comprise a flow meter E1y and a fuel cell module which are connected through a pipeline, the N heat exchangers By comprise a first heat exchanger B1.. an Nth heat exchanger BN, N is a natural number and is more than 1, the fuel cell module assemblies and the heat exchangers By are in one-to-one correspondence, the first water pump A1 is connected with the first fuel cell module assembly and the first heat exchanger B1 in series to form the cooling liquid loop 100, the second fuel cell module assembly and the second heat exchanger B2 form a first branch which is connected with the first fuel cell module assembly in parallel, and the third fuel cell module and the third heat exchanger B3 form a second branch, which is connected in parallel with the second fuel cell module and connected in series with the first branch, and so on, the nth fuel cell module and the nth heat exchanger BN form an N-1 th branch, which is connected in parallel with the N-1 th fuel cell module and connected in series with the N-2 th branch, in this embodiment, the heat exchanger By is a plate heat exchanger. In each of the fuel cell module assemblies, the flow meter E1y is located between the fuel cell module and the first water pump a 1.
The number of fuel cell module assemblies is at least two and is not limited to two. Each fuel cell module comprises a plurality of fuel cell units connected in parallel, each fuel cell unit comprises a proportional valve C-iy and a fuel cell module PACKiy (i is the number of fuel cell units in each fuel cell module, and y is the number of fuel cell module components) which are sequentially connected through a branch pipeline, the proportional valve C-iy is positioned between the flow meter E1y and the fuel cell module PACKiy, and the fuel cell module PACKiy is a single stack or a plurality of stacks. The number of fuel cell modules PACKiy in each fuel cell module is at least two, and is not limited to two.
Be equipped with main pressure sensor P11 on the coolant liquid return circuit 100, main pressure sensor P11 is located first water pump A1 with between the first fuel cell module subassembly, first branch road.. all be equipped with branch pressure sensor P1y on the N-1 st branch road, flowmeter E1y is located branch pressure sensor P1y with between the fuel cell module unit, utilize main pressure sensor P11 and branch pressure sensor P1y can derive the pressure of the coolant liquid that gets into each fuel cell unit.
A first temperature sensor Tiy is arranged on the branch pipe, the first temperature sensor Tiy is positioned between the proportional valve C-iy and the fuel cell module PACKiy, and the first temperature sensor Tiy is used for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the fuel cell module PACKiy. A second temperature sensor Tiy0 is provided on the branch pipe, the fuel cell module packisy is located between the proportional valve C-iy and the second temperature sensor Tiy0, and the second temperature sensor Tiy0 is used to measure the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the fuel cell module packisy.
The heat dissipation loop 200 comprises a second water pump A2 and heat dissipation equipment C1, the heat dissipation equipment C1 is a radiator or a cooling tower, and the second water pump A2, the heat dissipation equipment C1 and the N heat exchangers By are sequentially connected in series through pipelines.
In the embodiment, the plurality of fuel cell module assemblies comprise a first fuel cell module assembly.. Nth fuel cell module assembly, the first fuel cell module assembly comprises a flow meter E11 and a plurality of fuel cell units, the plurality of fuel cell units comprise a plurality of proportional valves C-11, C-21 and C-31.. C-i1, a plurality of first temperature sensors T11, T21 and T31.. Ti1, a plurality of fuel cell modules PACK11, PACK21, PACK31.. PACKi1, and a plurality of second temperature sensors T110, T210 and T310.. Ti 10; analogize.. the nth fuel cell module assembly comprises a flow meter E1N and a plurality of fuel cell units, wherein the plurality of fuel cell units comprise a plurality of proportional valves C-1N, C-2N, C-3N.. C-iN, a plurality of first temperature sensors T1N, T2N and T3N.. TiN, a plurality of fuel cell modules PACK1N, PACK2N and PACK3N.. PACKiN, and a plurality of second temperature sensors T1N0, T2N0 and T3N0.. TiN0(N is a natural number and is more than 1).
The first water pump a1 makes the coolant flow through pressurization, the outlet pressure of the first water pump a1 can be detected by the main pressure sensor P11, the coolant is divided into two paths after passing through the main pressure sensor P11, one path flows to the first fuel cell module assembly, and the other path flows to other fuel cell module assemblies. The coolant flowing into the first fuel cell module assembly first passes through the flow meter E11, the flow meter E11 can detect the flow rate of the coolant before entering the fuel cell unit, a part of the coolant enters the fuel cell module PACK11 through the proportional valve C-11, the temperature of the coolant before entering the fuel cell module PACK11 can be detected by the first temperature sensor T11, and the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the fuel cell module PACK11 can be detected by the second temperature sensor T110; a part of the coolant enters the fuel cell module PACK21 through the proportional valve C-21, the temperature of the coolant before entering the fuel cell module PACK21 is detected by the first temperature sensor T21, and the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the fuel cell module PACK21 is detected by the second temperature sensor T210; a part of the coolant enters the fuel cell module PACK31 through the proportional valve C-31, the temperature of the coolant before entering the fuel cell module PACK31 is detected by the first temperature sensor T31, and the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the fuel cell module PACK31 is detected by the second temperature sensor T310; a part of the cooling liquid enters the fuel cell module PACKi1 through a proportional valve C-i1, the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the fuel cell module PACKi1 can be detected by a first temperature sensor Ti1, the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module PACKi1 (i is the number of fuel cell units in the first fuel cell module) can be detected by a second temperature sensor Ti10, and finally confluence is performed, each fuel cell module PACKiN of the first fuel cell module assembly is subjected to heat exchange through a first heat exchanger B1 and a heat dissipation device C1, so that the heat generated by the first fuel cell module assembly is transferred into the external circulation heat dissipation loop 200 through the first heat exchanger B1, and finally the heat is dissipated into the atmosphere through the heat dissipation device C1.
And the other path of cooling liquid flows to the second fuel cell module component respectively. Similarly, a part of the cooling liquid flows to the Nth fuel cell module assembly after passing through the main pressure sensor P11, the pressure of the cooling liquid entering the Nth branch can be detected by the partial pressure sensor P1N on the Nth-1 branch, the cooling liquid flows into the Nth fuel cell module assembly, the flow meter E1N can detect the flow rate of the cooling liquid before entering the fuel cell units firstly passes through the flow meter E1N, a part of the cooling liquid enters the fuel cell module PACK1N through the proportional valve C-1N, the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the fuel cell module PACK1N can be detected by the first temperature sensor T1N, and the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module PACK1N can be detected by the second temperature sensor T1N 0; a part of the coolant enters the fuel cell module PACK2N through the proportional valve C-2N, the temperature of the coolant before entering the fuel cell module PACK2N being detectable by means of the first temperature sensor T2N, and the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the fuel cell module PACK2N being detectable by means of the second temperature sensor T2N 0; a part of the coolant enters the fuel cell module PACK3N through the proportional valve C-3N, and the temperature of the coolant before entering the fuel cell module PACK3N is detected by the first temperature sensor T3N, and the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the fuel cell module PACK3N is detected by the second temperature sensor T3N 0; a portion enters the fuel cell module PACKiN through the proportional valve C-iN, the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the fuel cell module PACKiN can be detected by the first temperature sensor TiN, the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module PACKiN (i is the number of fuel cell units iN the nth fuel cell module) can be detected by the second temperature sensor TiN0, and finally confluence, each fuel cell module PACKiN of the nth fuel cell module assembly is heat exchanged by the nth heat exchanger BN and the heat radiating apparatus C1, and then the heat generated by the nth fuel cell module assembly is transferred to the external circulation heat dissipation circuit 200 through the nth heat exchanger BN, and finally the heat is dissipated to the atmosphere through the heat dissipation device C1, the cooling liquid passing through the Nth heat exchanger BN flows through the N-1 th heat exchanger BN-1 in sequence in the backflow process, and the first heat exchanger B1 flows back to the first water pump A1.
The target inlet coolant temperature (the temperature before the coolant flows into the fuel cell module PACKiy) and the target outlet coolant temperature (the temperature after the coolant flows out from the fuel cell module PACKiy) of the fuel cell module PACKiy are set, and the target coolant flow rate Q11 of the fuel cell module is set, and the target power of operation is set.
The first fuel cell module and the first heat exchanger B1 are connected in the cooling liquid loop 100, and the Nth fuel cell module and the Nth heat exchanger BN are connected in the N-1 th branch, so that each fuel cell module PACKiy is respectively provided with an independent heat exchanger By, and each heat exchanger By can respectively exchange heat with each fuel cell, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The coolant is collected after flowing through the plurality of heat exchangers By, so that the temperature of the coolant entering the coolant loop 100 and entering each branch circuit can be kept consistent, and the inlet coolant temperature of each fuel cell module packy in each fuel cell module can be adjusted By controlling the cooling capacity of the heat sink C1, so that the difference between the actual coolant temperature and the target inlet coolant temperature in each fuel cell module packy tends to 0. The flow rate of the coolant entering each fuel cell module PACKiy is adjusted by controlling the opening of the proportional valve C-iy corresponding to each fuel cell module PACKiy, and the target outlet coolant temperature is adjusted, so that the difference between the temperature of the coolant after flowing out of the fuel cell module PACKiy and the target outlet coolant temperature tends to 0.
The degree of health of the operation of each fuel cell module is identified by the flow rate deviation between the actual feedback flow rate Qact-11 of each flow meter E1y and the target flow rate Q11. Acquiring the flow deviation between the actual feedback flow and the target flow of each flow meter E1y, and if the flow deviation is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, in this embodiment, the first preset threshold is 10%, the fuel cell module is in a normal operating state, which indicates that the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell module is smaller than the target value, and the operation health of the fuel cell module is better; if the flow deviation is greater than the first preset threshold and less than or equal to a second preset threshold, in this embodiment, the second preset threshold is 20%, the failure level of the fuel cell module is three levels, which indicates that the heat dissipation amount of the fuel cell module is larger than the target value, and the operation health of the fuel cell module is general; if the flow deviation is greater than the second preset threshold and less than or equal to a third preset threshold, in this embodiment, the third preset threshold is 30%, the fault level of the fuel cell module is two-level, the fuel cell module is controlled to reduce power to operate, and when the operating power of the fuel cell module is 50% of the target power, the operating health of the fuel cell module is unhealthy; if the flow deviation is larger than the third preset threshold, the fault grade of the fuel cell module is first grade, the lower the fault grade is, the more serious the fault degree is, the fuel cell module is indicated to be in fault, and the fuel cell module is controlled to stop running.
Every fuel cell module PACKiy is furnished with an independent heat exchanger By respectively, every heat exchanger By can carry out the heat transfer to each fuel cell respectively, improves heat exchange efficiency, has solved the fuel cell system heat dissipation problem of high-power fuel power station, through the aperture of controlling each proportional valve C-iy, can solve the inhomogeneous problem of all fuel cell coolant liquid distributions, can the flow of independent control different fuel cell modules PACKiy, make fuel cell system performance better, and practice thrift the cost. The inlet cooling liquid temperature and the outlet cooling liquid temperature of each fuel cell module PACKiy are both enabled to approach the target temperature by controlling the cooling capacity of the heat dissipation equipment C1 and the opening degree of the proportional valve C-iy, whether each fuel cell module normally operates can be judged according to the flow rate of the cooling liquid entering each fuel cell module detected by each flow meter E1y, the operating health degree of each fuel cell module is identified, and therefore corresponding measures are taken for each fuel cell module.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper, lower and the like in the drawings are used for the sake of clarity and convenience only for the components are located in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A high-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system is characterized by comprising a cooling liquid loop and a heat dissipation loop;
the cooling liquid loop comprises a first water pump, N fuel cell module assemblies and N heat exchangers, the N fuel cell module assemblies comprise a first fuel cell module assembly and an Nth fuel cell module assembly, each fuel cell module assembly comprises a flow meter and a fuel cell module which are connected through a pipeline, the N heat exchangers comprise a first heat exchanger and an Nth heat exchanger, N is a natural number and is more than 1, the fuel cell module assemblies and the heat exchangers correspond to each other one by one, the first water pump, the first fuel cell module assembly and the first heat exchanger are connected in series to form the cooling liquid loop, the second fuel cell module assembly and the second heat exchanger form a first branch, the first branch is connected with the first fuel cell module assembly in parallel and is connected to the cooling liquid loop in series, and the third fuel cell module assembly and the third heat exchanger form a second branch, the N fuel cell module assembly and the N heat exchanger form an N-1 branch, are connected in parallel with the N-1 fuel cell module assembly and are connected in series in an N-2 branch; in each fuel cell module assembly, the flow meter is positioned between the fuel cell module and the first water pump;
each fuel cell module comprises a plurality of fuel cell units connected in parallel, each fuel cell unit comprises a proportional valve and a fuel cell module which are sequentially connected through a branch pipeline, and the proportional valve is positioned between the flowmeter and the fuel cell module;
a first temperature sensor is arranged on the branch pipeline, the first temperature sensor is positioned between the proportional valve and the fuel cell module, and the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid before the cooling liquid enters the fuel cell module;
a second temperature sensor is arranged on the branch pipeline, the fuel cell module is positioned between the proportional valve and the second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module;
the heat dissipation loop comprises a second water pump and heat dissipation equipment, and the second water pump, the heat dissipation equipment and the N heat exchangers are sequentially connected in series through pipelines.
2. The high power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell modules are single stack or multi-stack.
3. The high power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system of claim 1, wherein a primary pressure sensor is disposed on the coolant loop, and the primary pressure sensor is located between the first water pump and the first fuel cell module assembly.
4. The high power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system of claim 1, wherein the first branch-1N-1 is provided with a partial pressure sensor, and the flow meter is located between the partial pressure sensor and the fuel cell module unit.
5. The high power parallel fuel cell heat removal system of claim 1, wherein the heat removal device is a heat sink or a cooling tower.
6. The high power parallel fuel cell heat rejection system of claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
7. A control method, characterized in that, the heat dissipation system of the high-power parallel fuel cell according to claim 1 is utilized, and comprises the following steps:
adjusting inlet coolant temperature of each fuel cell module in each fuel cell module by controlling cooling capacity of the heat dissipation device, so that the difference between actual coolant temperature and target inlet coolant temperature in each fuel cell module tends to 0;
adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid entering each fuel cell module by controlling the opening of the proportional valve corresponding to each fuel cell module, and further adjusting the target outlet cooling liquid temperature to make the difference between the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell module and the target outlet cooling liquid temperature tend to 0;
acquiring flow deviation between actual feedback flow and target flow of each flowmeter, and if the flow deviation is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, enabling the fuel cell module to be in a normal working state, wherein the operating health of the fuel cell module is better; if the flow deviation is greater than the first preset threshold and less than or equal to a second preset threshold, the fault level of the fuel cell module is three, which indicates that the heat dissipation capacity of the fuel cell module is larger than a target value, and the operation health of the fuel cell module is general; if the flow deviation is greater than the second preset threshold and less than or equal to a third preset threshold, the fault level of the fuel cell module is in a second level, the fuel cell module is controlled to reduce power to operate, and when the operating power of the fuel cell module is 50% of the target power, the operating health degree of the fuel cell module is unhealthy; and if the flow deviation is greater than the third preset threshold, the fault grade of the fuel cell module is first grade, which indicates that the fuel cell module has a fault, and the fuel cell module is controlled to stop running.
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| CN202110591314.3A CN113346112B (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | High-power parallel fuel cell heat dissipation system and control method |
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