Moving target for neutron generation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of neutron treatment, in particular to a neutron generation moving target for a BNCT device.
Background
Among cancer treatments and the like, radiation therapy has been highly evaluated, and particularly neutron capture therapy (BNCT: neutron Capture Therapy) has been attracting attention as a possibility of selective treatment on a cell level in principle. In BNCT, a stable isotope with a high capture section with neutrons enters cancer cells in advance, the neutrons and nuclear reactants generate heavy ions with shorter range and high LET (linear energy transfer ), the effect of killing the cancer cells on normal cells is small, and B, gd and thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons are used for cancer treatment as BNCT.
In recent years, a neutron generator that accelerates protons to a predetermined energy and irradiates the protons with a specific target to generate neutrons has been attracting attention because of the ability to enter hospitals, and the accelerator-based neutron generator has compact equipment and low running cost, and is a future development direction. In general, as targets for neutron generators for this purpose, lithium reacted with "Li (p, n) Be" and beryllium reacted with "Be (p, n)" are mainly used, but beryllium itself is toxic, neutron yield is low, higher accelerator energy is required, and heat dissipation requirements are extremely high due to low melting point and thermal conductivity of lithium.
In order to solve the problem of high difficulty in rapid heat dissipation of a target, a few solutions are devised in the research and development process, such as a high-energy density lithium target disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,320,52A 1, the design power reaches 50kW, but the conical target of the patent needs to adopt annular beam spots, the Gaussian beam spots need to be converted into annular beam spots, the requirement on an accelerator is very high, the loss of beam current is also increased, in addition, the cooling effect of a cooling medium at the cone top part is poor, air pockets are easy to form at the cone top position, the stable operation of the target is not facilitated, and the target for a neutron generating device and the manufacturing method thereof disclosed in Chinese patent CN104429168A are also complicated in structure and large in equipment occupation area because of the planar stationary target, the requirement on homogenizing proton beams is improved to a certain extent, and the planar target is limited by the highest peak of a heat sink.
Therefore, there is a need for a mobile target for neutron production that disperses heat deposition inside the target body, reduces peak concentrations of target body heat, and ensures effective improvement of the heat dissipation limitations of planar stationary targets.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a movable target for neutron production, which aims to solve the problems that beryllium is toxic, brittle and poor in machining performance, the use of a neutron production target taking beryllium as a target material has limitation, the neutron yield is relatively low compared with lithium, the energy and the power of an accelerator required for treatment are high, and the device cost is high, solve the problems that a plane stationary target in the prior art can reduce the highest heat flux density by homogenizing proton beams and heat is concentrated and is difficult to dissipate heat, and solve the problems that a conical and wedge-shaped target body in the prior art reduces the heat flux density in unit area, but has very high requirements on the accelerator and increases beam loss, and further solve the problems that a rotating target in the prior art is complex in structure, large in equipment size, unfavorable for coupling with a moderator, low in neutron utilization efficiency, high in installation and operation difficulty and low in stability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mobile target for neutron production, which comprises a vacuum cavity, a moving device and a target body, wherein the moving device and the target body are installed in the vacuum cavity, the moving device is installed on the top inner wall of the vacuum cavity, the target body is detachably installed on the moving device through a hook assembly, the moving device can control the reciprocating motion of the target body, and the moving device and the target body are vertically arranged.
Further preferably, the moving device comprises a linear guide screw device and a stepping motor, the linear guide screw device and the stepping motor are both arranged above the target body, the linear guide screw device is arranged on the top inner wall of the vacuum cavity, one end of the linear guide screw device is connected with the stepping motor, and the stepping motor drives the screw to drive the target body to reciprocate left and right by forward rotation and reverse rotation, so that the deposition of dispersed target heat is realized, and the device is suitable for various proton beam flows.
Further preferably, the hook assembly comprises a mounting table and a hook, wherein the hook is provided with a rectangular bulge, the mounting table is provided with a mounting groove matched with the rectangular bulge, so that stress generated to the hook when the target body moves can be shared, the mounting table is arranged below the linear guide screw device, the hook is arranged above the target body, and the target body is detachably arranged on the mounting table of the linear guide screw device through the hook, so that the target body can be easily detached and replaced under a vacuum condition.
Further preferably, the target body comprises a metal substrate and a target body shell, the hook is arranged above the target body shell, the target body shell is detachably arranged on an installation table of the linear guide screw device through the hook, and the target body can be replaced directly through the operation of the hook.
Further preferably, the front surface of the metal substrate is provided with a target filling groove, the front surface is one surface facing the proton beam, and the back surface is one surface facing away from the proton beam, the target filling groove is used for filling the target and sealing a metal film, the length, width and depth of the target filling groove are 120mm 60mm 1mm, and a serial water-cooling heat exchange channel is formed between the back surface of the metal substrate and the front surface of the target body shell and used for cooling heat deposited by the target.
Further preferably, the back of the metal substrate is provided with a plurality of guide plates, the height of the guide plates is 5mm, the front of the target body shell is provided with a gap groove matched with the height of the guide plates, and the guide plates and the gap groove form a serial water-cooling heat exchange channel, so that the flow stability is improved.
Further preferably, the back of the target body shell is provided with a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet for conveying cooling working medium, the working medium inlet and the working medium outlet are both connected with corrugated pipes, the movement of the target body is easy, and the working medium inlet and the working medium outlet are communicated with the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel.
Further preferably, the first pit with the fluid inlet section is arranged at the working medium inlet, the problem of uneven local flow caused by jet impact of fluid on the metal substrate is avoided, the second pit with the fluid liquid collecting section is arranged at the working medium outlet, the backflow phenomenon at the outlet is prevented, the stability of the flow field is ensured, the first pit and the second pit are communicated with the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel, the phenomenon of uneven flow field can not occur due to the parallel flow channel, and the cooling reliability is improved.
Further preferably, the target is sealed within the target filling recess.
Further preferably, the target is sealed within the target filling recess by sealing the metal film using a hot isostatic press bond.
Further preferably, the metal substrate and the target body shell are assembled and connected through the mounting holes by bolts, the target body shell is 304 stainless steel or nuclear stainless steel, and a rubber gasket is arranged between the target body shell and the metal substrate.
The invention provides a moving target for neutron generation, which is mainly used for a BNCT device, and has the beneficial effects that:
1. the moving device is adopted to control the target body to reciprocate left and right, so that the problem of high local heat quantity caused by the concentrated flow beam of the existing stationary target is solved, the heat deposition of the target body in unit volume is effectively reduced, and the peak value of the concentrated heat quantity of the target body is also reduced, thus the requirement on proton beam is reduced;
2. the moving device is adopted to control the left and right reciprocating motion of the target body, so that the heat exchange area of the target body is increased, the heat dissipation limitation of the target body is effectively improved, the heat exchange is enhanced, the melting danger of the target body is reduced, and the running stability of equipment is improved;
3. The target body is directly connected with the moving device through the hook component, so that the installation is simple and easy to detach, and the cost of replacing the target body is reduced;
4. the device can adapt to different proton beam spots, has little beam loss and low requirements on an accelerator;
5. by adopting the single-phase water-cooling serial flow passage, the flow is uniform, the heat exchange stability is high, and the reliability is strong.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
It should be noted that, the front surface is the surface facing the proton beam, and the back surface is the surface facing away from the proton beam;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front perspective structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the front perspective of the present invention, wherein the mobile device is mounted on the top inner wall of the vacuum chamber as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front attachment structure of the mobile device, hook assembly and target of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the back side connection structure of the mobile device, hook assembly and target of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a front exploded view of the hook assembly and target of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the mounting table of the present invention.
Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:
1.2, moving a target, namely, a vacuum cavity;
3. a mobile device; 31, a linear guide rail screw device, 32, a stepping motor;
4. target body 41, metal substrate 411, target material filling groove 412, mounting hole 42, target body shell 421, working medium inlet 422, working medium outlet 423, first pit 424 and second pit;
5. Hook component, 51, mounting table, 511, mounting groove, 52, hook, 521, rectangular protrusion;
6. A serial water-cooling heat exchange channel, 61, a deflector, 62, and a gap groove.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to illustrate embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the embodiments of the present invention and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally formed, mechanically connected or electrically connected, directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or in communication between two elements or in interaction with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, there is provided a moving target 1 for neutron production, comprising a vacuum chamber 2, and a moving device 3 and a target body 4 mounted in the vacuum chamber 2, the moving device 3 being mounted on the top inner wall of the vacuum chamber 2, the target body 4 being detachably mounted on the moving device 3 by a hook assembly 5, the moving device 3 controlling the reciprocating movement of the target body 4, the moving device 3 and the target body 4 being vertically arranged.
With further reference to fig. 3 to 4, the moving device 3 includes a linear guide screw device 31 and a stepper motor 32, where the linear guide screw device 31 and the stepper motor 32 are both disposed above the target 4, the linear guide screw device 31 is mounted on the top inner wall of the vacuum cavity 2, one end of the linear guide screw device 31 is connected with the stepper motor 32, and the stepper motor 32 drives the linear guide screw to rotate forward and backward to drive the target 4 to reciprocate left and right, so as to realize the deposition of heat of the dispersed target 4, and the device is suitable for various proton beams.
The hook assembly 5 comprises a mounting table 51 and a hook 52, the mounting table 51 is arranged below the linear guide screw device 31, the hook 52 is arranged above the target body 4, and the target body 4 is detachably arranged on the mounting table 51 of the linear guide screw device 31 through the hook 52, so that the target body 4 is easy to detach and replace under the vacuum condition;
the target body 4 comprises a metal substrate 41 and a target body housing 42, a hook 52 is arranged above the target body housing 42, the target body housing 42 is detachably arranged on an installation table 51 of the linear guide screw device 31 through the hook 52, and the target body 4 can be replaced directly by operating the hook 52.
Wherein, the hook 52 shown in fig. 5 is provided with a rectangular protrusion 521, and the mounting table 51 shown in fig. 6 is provided with a mounting groove 511 adapted to the rectangular protrusion 521, so that the stress generated to the hook 52 when the target 4 moves can be shared.
With further reference to fig. 5, it should be noted that the front surface is the surface facing the proton beam, and the back surface is the surface facing away from the proton beam.
As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the front side of the metal substrate 41 is provided with a target filling groove 411, the target filling groove 411 is used for filling a target and sealing a metal film, the length and width depth of the target filling groove is 120mm 60mm 1mm, and a serial water-cooling heat exchange channel 6 is formed by a gap between the back side of the metal substrate 41 and the front side of the target housing 42, so as to cool heat deposited by the target.
Also, the back of the metal substrate 41 is provided with a plurality of guide plates 61, the height of the guide plates 61 is 5mm, the front of the target body shell 42 is provided with a gap groove 62 which is matched with the height of the guide plates 61, and the guide plates 61 and the gap groove 62 form a serial water-cooling heat exchange channel 6, so that the flow stability is improved.
Then, two sides of the lower part of the back of the target body shell 42 are respectively provided with a working medium inlet 421 and a working medium outlet 422 for conveying cooling working medium, the working medium inlet 421 and the working medium outlet 422 are connected with corrugated pipes, the movement of the target body 4 is easy, and the working medium inlet 421 and the working medium outlet 422 are communicated with the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel 6.
Then, the first pit 423 with the fluid inlet section is arranged at the working medium inlet 421, the problem of uneven local flow caused by jet impact of fluid on the metal substrate is avoided, the second pit 424 with the fluid liquid collecting section is arranged at the working medium outlet 422, the first pit 423 and the second pit 424 are communicated with the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel, the backflow phenomenon at the outlet is prevented, the stability of the flow field is ensured, the phenomenon of uneven flow field cannot occur compared with the parallel flow channel, and the cooling reliability is improved.
In addition, the target is sealed within the target filling recess 411.
Further, the target is sealed in the target filling groove 411 by sealing the metal film using hot isostatic pressing.
Finally, the metal substrate 41 and the target body housing 42 are assembled and connected through the mounting holes 412 by bolts, the target body housing 42 is 304 stainless steel or nuclear stainless steel, and a rubber gasket is arranged between the target body housing 42 and the metal substrate 41.
The second embodiment of the present invention, unlike the first embodiment, is that the void groove in the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel is not limited to be disposed on the front surface of the target housing, but may be disposed on the back surface of the metal substrate, and only needs to provide a void groove with height matching with the deflector on the back surface of the metal substrate, where the wall thickness between the void groove and the target filling groove is designed to be the same as the wall thickness between the target filling groove and the void groove in the first embodiment, and the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel can also ensure flow stability and cooling reliability.
The third embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment in that the connection manner of the moving device and the linear guide screw device is not limited to the detachable connection between the mounting table and the hook, but may be other connection structures capable of being detached from each other, for example, a snap connection structure or a pin hole assembly connection may be adopted, a mounting hole assembly connection may be adopted, and the like.
Working principle:
the BNCT device is operated, the stepping motor 32 is started, because the target body 4 is detachably arranged on the moving device 3 through the hook component 5, the stepping motor 32 drives the lead screw to rotate forwards and reversely to drive the target body 4 to reciprocate left and right, then fluid flows into the first pit 423 from the working medium inlet 421, finally flows into the second pit 424 through the serial water-cooling heat exchange channel 6 to collect liquid and flows out through the working medium outlet 422, the local flow uniformity of the fluid to the jet impact of the metal substrate 41 is improved, the stability and the cooling reliability of the flow field are ensured, in addition, the working medium inlet 421 and the working medium outlet 422 are connected with the corrugated pipe, the movement of the target body 4 is easier, when the target body 4 needs to be replaced, the BNCT device and the stepping motor 32 are closed, the whole target body 4 can be removed under the vacuum condition only by taking the target body 4 out of the vacuum chamber 2, then the corrugated pipes of the working medium inlet 421 and the working medium outlet 422 are removed, the residual fluid is prevented from dripping into the vacuum chamber 2, then the working strength is reduced by the operation of the new working medium inlet 421 and the corrugated pipe 422 is replaced on the vacuum chamber 4, and the operation is convenient when the new installation condition of the target body 4 is replaced, and the operation is not convenient to be realized.
The invention provides a moving target for neutron generation, which is mainly used for a BNCT device, and has the beneficial effects that:
1. the moving device is adopted to control the target body to reciprocate left and right, so that the problem of high local heat quantity caused by the concentrated flow beam of the existing stationary target is solved, the heat deposition of the target body in unit volume is effectively reduced, and the peak value of the concentrated heat quantity of the target body is also reduced, thus the requirement on proton beam is reduced;
2. the moving device is adopted to control the left and right reciprocating motion of the target body, so that the heat exchange area of the target body is increased, the heat dissipation limitation of the target body is effectively improved, the heat exchange is enhanced, the melting danger of the target body is reduced, and the running stability of equipment is improved;
3. The target body is directly connected with the moving device through the hook component, so that the installation is simple and easy to detach, and the cost of replacing the target body is reduced;
4. the device can adapt to different proton beam spots, has little beam loss and low requirements on an accelerator;
5. by adopting the single-phase water-cooling serial flow passage, the flow is uniform, the heat exchange stability is high, and the reliability is strong.
The rest of the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the unexplained features in the present embodiment are all explained by the first embodiment, and are not described here again.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.