CN113292802A - Oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator and a preparation method thereof, wherein the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of modified glass microfiber, 20-30 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide and 30-80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride. In the invention, CNTs attached to the surface of the glass microfiber can fill up the defects of grooves and the like on the surface of the fiber, the bending property and the tensile property of the glass microfiber can be improved, and simultaneously, the carbon nanotube forms good connection on the interface of nano silicon dioxide, so that the mechanical property of the composite material is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer material porous plates, and particularly relates to an oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The colloid battery is a lead-acid storage battery which is characterized in that a gelling agent is added into liquid sulfuric acid to convert the liquid sulfuric acid into colloid sulfuric acid, compared with the traditional lead-acid storage battery, the colloid battery is higher in capacity, safety and service life than the traditional lead-acid storage battery, in order to improve the internal stability of the colloid battery, a flat plate type polar plate is mostly adopted in the colloid battery, and a special lead paste formula serving as a colloid electrolyte is matched, so that a series of bad phenomena caused by liquid layering of liquid can be avoided, the equilibrium charging is not needed, and the internal voltage stability of the colloid battery can be ensured.
The stability of the separator in the colloid battery during the charging and discharging process determines the service performance of the lead-acid storage battery to a great extent, and the separator of the colloid battery is used as a separator between a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate in the colloid battery and is used for preventing the short circuit phenomenon caused by the contact between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate in the colloid battery.
In the prior research on a colloid battery separator, for example, the publication number is CN102044649B, and the patent name is "a manufacturing method of a colloid battery separator", the chinese patent application of the invention discloses a manufacturing method of a colloid battery separator, which uses an oxidation-resistant, acid-resistant and alkali-resistant thermoplastic polymer material as a base material, wherein the thermoplastic polymer material is one of PVC resin and chloropropane resin, and a toughening agent and a stabilizing agent are added in the polymer material base material; dissolving the polymer material with an organic solvent and swelling; adding a filler into the swelled plastic, wherein the filler is one or a mixture of precipitated silica powder or aluminium oxide powder, and adding carbon black; wetting the filler and the auxiliary agent by using a hydrophilic agent, and mixing the filler and the auxiliary agent with the swelled plastic material to obtain a mixture; the mixture is made into a sheet through extrusion molding, the heating temperature of the extrusion molding is 60-80 ℃, the colloid battery separator prepared by the method is easy to be subjected to oxidative degradation and chain scission in the working process, a complex PVC thermo-oxidative aging process is formed, the self-repairing capability is not available, and the technical realization factor is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator which is simple in preparation process and can be produced in a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator and the preparation method thereof are provided in order to solve the problems that the conventional colloid battery separator is easy to be subjected to oxidative degradation and chain scission in the working process, forms a complex PVC thermal-oxidative aging process and does not have self-repairing capability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of modified glass microfiber, 20-30 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide, 30-80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 10-20 parts of sulfuric acid stabilizer, 5-15 parts of self-repairing binder and 1-10 parts of nonaqueous liquid electrolyte.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the preparation method of the modified glass microfiber comprises the following specific operation steps:
step A1: taking ferrocene as a catalytic precursor, taking benzene as a carbon source, carrying gas with argon, and simultaneously feeding the three substances into a reaction chamber;
step A2: and (2) directly growing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of the glass microfiber by adopting a floating catalysis method to obtain the modified glass microfiber.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following specific operation steps:
step B1: weighing a certain amount of nano silicon dioxide, adding 20ml of toluene and a proper amount of pore-expanding agent, and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min by using an ultrasonic cleaner at normal temperature to obtain a uniform suspension;
step B2: adding a silane coupling agent KH-560 into the suspension prepared in the step B1, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-4 minutes, transferring into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube and a finishing electric stirring and mixing mechanism, and stirring in a constant-temperature water bath for reaction to obtain slurry;
step B3: and injecting the obtained slurry into a high-speed freezing centrifuge for high-speed centrifugation to prepare the modified nano silicon dioxide.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the rotating speed of the high-speed freezing centrifuge in the step B3 is 11000-13000r/min, and the temperature is constant at 22-25 ℃.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
and B3, placing the modified nano silicon dioxide into a vacuum drying oven, drying at normal temperature for 9 hours, and filtering to obtain the powdered silicon dioxide.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the preparation of the modified polyvinyl chloride comprises the following specific operation steps:
step C1: adding nitrile rubber into an internal mixer for internal mixing treatment, after the internal mixing treatment, putting polyvinyl chloride resin into the internal mixer, adding a filler, and carrying out the internal mixing treatment again to obtain a first-stage mixed material;
step C2: secondly, adding the obtained first-stage mixed material into a reaction kettle with a stirring mechanism, adding an auxiliary agent, and mixing to obtain a second-stage mixed material;
step C3: and injecting the secondary mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and performing melt extrusion, cooling, granulation and drying to obtain the PVC modified material.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the preparation of the self-repairing adhesive comprises the following specific operations:
the self-repairing hydrogel adhesive is prepared by utilizing the static electricity and the ionic force between a polypropylene ammonium nitride chain and a multivalent ion phytic acid.
A preparation method of an oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator comprises the following specific operation steps:
step S1: weighing the modified glass microfiber, the modified nano silicon dioxide and the deionized water according to the formula ratio, adding the weighed materials into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a high speed, and spraying the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte into the high-speed mixer after uniformly mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
step S2: adding the modified polyvinyl chloride and the sulfuric acid stabilizer into the primary mixture, stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, adding the self-repairing binder, and mixing for 3min to obtain an oxidation-resistant mixture;
step S3: injecting the prepared oxidation-resistant mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, and then sequentially molding, cleaning and drying to finally prepare the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator;
step S4: and the edge sealing is carried out in a bag type by adopting a heat sealing machine or an ultrasonic sealing machine, and the edge sealing direction is vertical to the folding direction of the partition board.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the auxiliary agent in the step C2 comprises an external lubricant, an anti-aging agent, a filler, a polymer plasticizer and a composite flame retardant.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator has a thickness of 0.1-0.35mm and a porosity of 87% or more.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the invention, after the glass microfiber is modified, the compatibility and the wettability of the glass microfiber and the modified nano-silica are effectively improved, a large amount of electrolyte can be stored for a long time, but the tensile strength is lower, the nano-silica has excellent tensile property and puncture resistance, the nano-silica is modified, and after the modified glass microfiber and the modified nano-silica are compounded, the colloid battery separator has the advantages of high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and the like, because CNTs attached to the surface of the glass microfiber can fill the defects of grooves and the like on the surface of fibers, the bending property and the tensile property of the glass microfiber can be improved, and simultaneously, the carbon nano-tube forms good connection on the interface of the nano-silica, the mechanical property of the composite material is effectively improved, the floating catalysis method is different from the traditional chemical vapor deposition method, and does not need the pre-deposition process of a catalyst, but the catalyst and the carbon source gas enter the reaction chamber simultaneously, and the carbon nano tube directly grows on the substrate, so that the influence of the high-temperature reaction process on the strength of the glass microfiber can be reduced to a higher degree.
In the process of modifying the silicon dioxide, the pore diameter can reach a certain range (such as micropores, mesopores and macropores) by adding a proper pore-expanding agent.
The modified PVC material has good mechanical strength, excellent aging resistance, high temperature resistance, strong durability and long service life, and does not decompose hydrogen chloride gas.
The self-repairing adhesive can realize self-repairing through strong acting force (such as ion dipole interaction caused by static electricity) among molecular mechanisms after being damaged in the electrode plate circulating process, recover the functional characteristics of the electrode plate, and maintain the stability of the electrode plate structure, thereby effectively improving the circulating performance of the battery.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Weighing the following components in formula ratio: 50 parts of modified glass microfiber, 25 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide, 55 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of sulfuric acid stabilizer, 9 parts of self-repairing binder and 6 parts of nonaqueous liquid electrolyte.
Firstly, preparing modified glass microfiber;
step A1: taking ferrocene as a catalytic precursor, taking benzene as a carbon source, carrying gas with argon, and simultaneously feeding the three substances into a reaction chamber;
step A2: and (2) directly growing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of the glass microfiber by adopting a floating catalysis method to obtain the modified glass microfiber.
The specific preparation operation steps for preparing the modified nano silicon dioxide are as follows:
step B1: weighing a certain amount of nano silicon dioxide, adding 20ml of toluene and a proper amount of pore-expanding agent, and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min by using an ultrasonic cleaner at normal temperature to obtain a uniform suspension;
step B2: adding a silane coupling agent KH-560 into the suspension prepared in the step B1, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-4 minutes, transferring into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube and a finishing electric stirring and mixing mechanism, and stirring in a constant-temperature water bath for reaction to obtain slurry;
step B3: and injecting the obtained slurry into a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed of the high-speed refrigerated centrifuge is 12000r/min, the temperature is constant at 23.5 ℃, preparing modified nano-silicon dioxide, then putting the modified nano-silicon dioxide into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 9 hours at normal temperature, and filtering to obtain powdered silicon dioxide.
Subsequently, modified polyvinyl chloride was prepared:
step C1: adding nitrile rubber into an internal mixer for internal mixing treatment, after the internal mixing treatment, putting polyvinyl chloride resin into the internal mixer, adding a filler, and carrying out the internal mixing treatment again to obtain a first-stage mixed material;
step C2: secondly, adding the obtained first-stage mixed material into a reaction kettle with a stirring mechanism, adding an auxiliary agent, and mixing to obtain a second-stage mixed material;
step C3: and injecting the secondary mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and performing melt extrusion, cooling, granulation and drying to obtain the PVC modified material.
And finally, preparing the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
step S1: weighing the modified glass microfiber, the modified nano silicon dioxide and the deionized water according to the formula ratio, adding the weighed materials into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a high speed, and spraying the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte into the high-speed mixer after uniformly mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
step S2: adding the modified polyvinyl chloride and the sulfuric acid stabilizer into the primary mixture, stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, adding the self-repairing binder, and mixing for 3min to obtain an oxidation-resistant mixture;
step S3: injecting the prepared oxidation-resistant mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, and then sequentially molding, cleaning and drying to finally prepare the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator;
step S4: and the edge sealing is carried out in a bag type by adopting a heat sealing machine or an ultrasonic sealing machine, and the edge sealing direction is vertical to the folding direction of the partition board.
Example two
Weighing the following components in formula ratio: 40 parts of modified glass microfiber, 20 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide, 30 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of sulfuric acid stabilizer, 5 parts of self-repairing binder and 1 part of nonaqueous liquid electrolyte.
Firstly, preparing modified glass microfiber;
step A1: taking ferrocene as a catalytic precursor, taking benzene as a carbon source, carrying gas with argon, and simultaneously feeding the three substances into a reaction chamber;
step A2: and (2) directly growing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of the glass microfiber by adopting a floating catalysis method to obtain the modified glass microfiber.
The specific preparation operation steps for preparing the modified nano silicon dioxide are as follows:
step B1: weighing a certain amount of nano silicon dioxide, adding 20ml of toluene and a proper amount of pore-expanding agent, and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min by using an ultrasonic cleaner at normal temperature to obtain a uniform suspension;
step B2: adding a silane coupling agent KH-560 into the suspension prepared in the step B1, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-4 minutes, transferring into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube and a finishing electric stirring and mixing mechanism, and stirring in a constant-temperature water bath for reaction to obtain slurry;
step B3: and injecting the obtained slurry into a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed of the high-speed refrigerated centrifuge is 11000r/min, the temperature is constant at 22 ℃, preparing modified nano silicon dioxide, then putting the modified nano silicon dioxide into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 9 hours at normal temperature, and filtering to obtain powdered silicon dioxide.
Subsequently, modified polyvinyl chloride was prepared:
step C1: adding nitrile rubber into an internal mixer for internal mixing treatment, after the internal mixing treatment, putting polyvinyl chloride resin into the internal mixer, adding a filler, and carrying out the internal mixing treatment again to obtain a first-stage mixed material;
step C2: secondly, adding the obtained first-stage mixed material into a reaction kettle with a stirring mechanism, adding an auxiliary agent, and mixing to obtain a second-stage mixed material;
step C3: and injecting the secondary mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and performing melt extrusion, cooling, granulation and drying to obtain the PVC modified material.
And finally, preparing the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
step S1: weighing the modified glass microfiber, the modified nano silicon dioxide and the deionized water according to the formula ratio, adding the weighed materials into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a high speed, and spraying the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte into the high-speed mixer after uniformly mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
step S2: adding the modified polyvinyl chloride and the sulfuric acid stabilizer into the primary mixture, stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, adding the self-repairing binder, and mixing for 3min to obtain an oxidation-resistant mixture;
step S3: injecting the prepared oxidation-resistant mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, and then sequentially molding, cleaning and drying to finally prepare the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator;
step S4: and the edge sealing is carried out in a bag type by adopting a heat sealing machine or an ultrasonic sealing machine, and the edge sealing direction is vertical to the folding direction of the partition board.
EXAMPLE III
Weighing the following components in formula ratio: 60 parts of modified glass microfiber, 30 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide, 80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts of sulfuric acid stabilizer, 15 parts of self-repairing binder and 10 parts of nonaqueous liquid electrolyte.
Firstly, preparing modified glass microfiber;
step A1: taking ferrocene as a catalytic precursor, taking benzene as a carbon source, carrying gas with argon, and simultaneously feeding the three substances into a reaction chamber;
step A2: and (2) directly growing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of the glass microfiber by adopting a floating catalysis method to obtain the modified glass microfiber.
The specific preparation operation steps for preparing the modified nano silicon dioxide are as follows:
step B1: weighing a certain amount of nano silicon dioxide, adding 20ml of toluene and a proper amount of pore-expanding agent, and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min by using an ultrasonic cleaner at normal temperature to obtain a uniform suspension;
step B2: adding a silane coupling agent KH-560 into the suspension prepared in the step B1, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-4 minutes, transferring into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube and a finishing electric stirring and mixing mechanism, and stirring in a constant-temperature water bath for reaction to obtain slurry;
step B3: and injecting the obtained slurry into a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed of the high-speed refrigerated centrifuge is 13000r/min, the temperature is constant at 25 ℃, preparing modified nano-silicon dioxide, then putting the modified nano-silicon dioxide into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 9 hours at normal temperature, and filtering to obtain powdered silicon dioxide.
Subsequently, modified polyvinyl chloride was prepared:
step C1: adding nitrile rubber into an internal mixer for internal mixing treatment, after the internal mixing treatment, putting polyvinyl chloride resin into the internal mixer, adding a filler, and carrying out the internal mixing treatment again to obtain a first-stage mixed material;
step C2: secondly, adding the obtained first-stage mixed material into a reaction kettle with a stirring mechanism, adding an auxiliary agent, and mixing to obtain a second-stage mixed material;
step C3: and injecting the secondary mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and performing melt extrusion, cooling, granulation and drying to obtain the PVC modified material.
And finally, preparing the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
step S1: weighing the modified glass microfiber, the modified nano silicon dioxide and the deionized water according to the formula ratio, adding the weighed materials into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a high speed, and spraying the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte into the high-speed mixer after uniformly mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
step S2: adding the modified polyvinyl chloride and the sulfuric acid stabilizer into the primary mixture, stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, adding the self-repairing binder, and mixing for 3min to obtain an oxidation-resistant mixture;
step S3: injecting the prepared oxidation-resistant mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, and then sequentially molding, cleaning and drying to finally prepare the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator;
step S4: and the edge sealing is carried out in a bag type by adopting a heat sealing machine or an ultrasonic sealing machine, and the edge sealing direction is vertical to the folding direction of the partition board.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of modified glass microfiber, 20-30 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide, 30-80 parts of modified polyvinyl chloride, 10-20 parts of sulfuric acid stabilizer, 5-15 parts of self-repairing binder and 1-10 parts of nonaqueous liquid electrolyte.
2. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the modified glass microfiber is prepared by the following specific operation steps:
step A1: taking ferrocene as a catalytic precursor, taking benzene as a carbon source, carrying gas with argon, and simultaneously feeding the three substances into a reaction chamber;
step A2: and (2) directly growing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of the glass microfiber by adopting a floating catalysis method to obtain the modified glass microfiber.
3. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the modified nano silica is prepared by the following specific operation steps:
step B1: weighing a certain amount of nano silicon dioxide, adding 20ml of toluene and a proper amount of pore-expanding agent, and ultrasonically dispersing for 20min by using an ultrasonic cleaner at normal temperature to obtain a uniform suspension;
step B2: adding a silane coupling agent KH-560 into the suspension prepared in the step B1, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-4 minutes, transferring into a four-neck flask provided with a reflux condenser tube and a finishing electric stirring and mixing mechanism, and stirring in a constant-temperature water bath for reaction to obtain slurry;
step B3: and injecting the obtained slurry into a high-speed freezing centrifuge for high-speed centrifugation to prepare the modified nano silicon dioxide.
4. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the high-speed refrigerated centrifuge in step B3 is 11000 and 13000r/min, and the temperature is constant at 22-25 ℃.
5. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator according to claim 3, wherein the modified nano silica is placed in a vacuum drying oven after the step B3, dried at room temperature for 9h, and filtered to obtain powdered silica.
6. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following specific operation steps:
step C1: adding nitrile rubber into an internal mixer for internal mixing treatment, after the internal mixing treatment, putting polyvinyl chloride resin into the internal mixer, adding a filler, and carrying out the internal mixing treatment again to obtain a first-stage mixed material;
step C2: secondly, adding the obtained first-stage mixed material into a reaction kettle with a stirring mechanism, adding an auxiliary agent, and mixing to obtain a second-stage mixed material;
step C3: and injecting the secondary mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and performing melt extrusion, cooling, granulation and drying to obtain the PVC modified material.
7. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the self-repairing binder is prepared by the specific operations of:
the self-repairing hydrogel adhesive is prepared by utilizing the static electricity and the ionic force between a polypropylene ammonium nitride chain and a multivalent ion phytic acid.
8. The method for preparing the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator according to the claims 1-7, is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps:
step S1: weighing the modified glass microfiber, the modified nano silicon dioxide and the deionized water according to the formula ratio, adding the weighed materials into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a high speed, and spraying the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte into the high-speed mixer after uniformly mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
step S2: adding the modified polyvinyl chloride and the sulfuric acid stabilizer into the primary mixture, stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, adding the self-repairing binder, and mixing for 3min to obtain an oxidation-resistant mixture;
step S3: injecting the prepared oxidation-resistant mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, and then sequentially molding, cleaning and drying to finally prepare the oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator;
step S4: and the edge sealing is carried out in a bag type by adopting a heat sealing machine or an ultrasonic sealing machine, and the edge sealing direction is vertical to the folding direction of the partition board.
9. The oxidation-resistant colloid battery separator and the preparation method thereof according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary agents in the step C2 comprise external lubricants, anti-aging agents, fillers, polymer plasticizers and composite flame retardants.
10. The method of making an oxidation resistant gel battery separator according to claim 8, wherein the oxidation resistant gel battery separator has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.35mm and a porosity of 87% or greater.
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