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CN113292321A - Steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick - Google Patents

Steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113292321A
CN113292321A CN202110698054.XA CN202110698054A CN113292321A CN 113292321 A CN113292321 A CN 113292321A CN 202110698054 A CN202110698054 A CN 202110698054A CN 113292321 A CN113292321 A CN 113292321A
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China
Prior art keywords
powder
working lining
corundum
lining brick
carbon working
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CN202110698054.XA
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CN113292321B (en
Inventor
侯会峰
黄奥
侯振东
王俊超
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Zhengzhou Zhendong Technology Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Technology WHUST
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Zhengzhou Zhendong Technology Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Technology WHUST
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Publication of CN113292321A publication Critical patent/CN113292321A/en
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
    • C04B35/103—Refractories from grain sized mixtures containing non-oxide refractory materials, e.g. carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种钢包低碳工作衬砖，是由原料50～70wt%的刚玉颗粒，2～10wt%的镁砂颗粒，15～22wt%的刚玉细粉，2～6wt%的氧化镁微粉，1～5wt％的活性氧化铝微粉，0.5～3wt％的石墨粉，0.2～0.5wt％的碳化硅粉，1～3wt％的氧化镧粉，0.4～0.7wt％的金属铝粉，0.2～0.5wt％的金属钛粉，4～9wt%的铝钙渣粉制备而成：首先将除铝钙渣粉外的所有原料混合后干压成砖坯后放入内腔长、宽、高尺寸均比砖坯的尺寸大5%的石墨坩埚内，并在石墨坩埚外包裹隔热纤维棉；将熔融成液态的铝钙渣粉浇注到石墨坩埚内，并迅速盖上纤维板盖，自然冷却至室温后脱除石墨坩埚，即得到成品钢包低碳工作衬砖。本发明制备的钢包低碳工作衬砖无需使用树脂结合剂，环境友好，不会对环境造成污染。The invention discloses a low-carbon working lining brick for ladle, which is composed of 50-70wt% corundum particles, 2-10wt% magnesia particles, 15-22wt% corundum fine powder and 2-6wt% magnesia fine powder. , 1～5wt% activated alumina powder, 0.5～3wt% graphite powder, 0.2～0.5wt% silicon carbide powder, 1～3wt% lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4～0.7wt% metal aluminum powder, 0.2～0.2wt% 0.5wt% metal titanium powder and 4-9wt% aluminum-calcium slag powder are prepared by mixing all the raw materials except the aluminum-calcium slag powder, dry pressing them into bricks, and putting them into the inner cavity of equal length, width and height. Inside a graphite crucible 5% larger than the size of the brick, and wrap the heat-insulating fiber wool on the outside of the graphite crucible; pour the molten aluminum-calcium slag powder into the graphite crucible, quickly cover the fiberboard cover, and cool to room temperature naturally After removing the graphite crucible, the finished ladle low carbon working lining brick is obtained. The low carbon working lining brick of the ladle prepared by the invention does not need to use a resin binder, is environmentally friendly, and does not cause pollution to the environment.

Description

Steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick
Technical Field
The invention relates to a refractory material, in particular to a ladle low-carbon working lining brick.
Background
With the development of external refining and continuous casting technologies, the ladle is gradually changed from the original molten steel container with single function into external molten steel refining equipment with complex function. The extension of the residence time of the molten steel in the ladle and the increase of the tapping temperature make the working environment of the ladle more severe. In order to adapt to the change of the working environment of the steel ladle, the domestic steel ladle generally adopts carbon composite refractory materials such as aluminum-magnesium-carbon bricks and the like. When in use, the ladle using the alumina-magnesia carbon brick and the like as the lining is found to have high thermal conductivity, fast temperature drop of molten steel and no contribution to smooth continuous casting production on the one hand, and on the other hand, the carbon-containing product has obvious recarburization effect on the molten steel and is not suitable for smelting low-carbon steel and clean steel. Therefore, in recent years, the steel-clad carbon composite lining material has been gradually reduced in carbon.
The low-carbon composite refractory material is highly concerned in various fields due to the superiorities of reducing self thermal conductivity and total carbon content, effectively reducing recarburization on molten steel and the like, and becomes a new development focus of the carbon composite refractory material for the steel ladle.
At present, when ultra-low carbon steel such as silicon steel, bridge steel, automobile plate steel and the like is smelted, the ultra-low carbon steel must be refined in a VD furnace under a vacuum condition, argon blowing and stirring are carried out on the bottom of a steel ladle, and thermodynamic and kinetic conditions, desulfurization, alloying, temperature rise and the like need to be strengthened through steps of LF furnace arc heating, furnace reducing atmosphere, white slag refining, gas stirring and the like, so that the slag alkalinity range is large, the temperature of molten steel and slag is higher, the detention time of the molten steel in the steel ladle is prolonged, the thermal shock property is strong, the stirring force is large, and the factors can aggravate the damage of a lining of the steel ladle. The research shows that: the simple reduction of the carbon content in the carbon composite refractory material can cause the deterioration of the slag resistance, the thermal shock resistance and the scour resistance of the material; meanwhile, the existing ladle low-carbon composite refractory material not only needs to use resin as a bonding agent (which can cause environmental pollution), but also has weak slag resistance, thermal shock resistance and scouring resistance, has a short service life (generally about 115 times), and cannot completely meet the requirements of ladle refining production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ladle low-carbon working lining brick which can meet the requirement of ladle refining production, does not need resin bonding agent and is environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a ladle low-carbon working lining brick, which is prepared from raw materials of corundum particles, magnesia particles, corundum fine powder, magnesium oxide micro powder, active alumina micro powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder, metal titanium powder and aluminum calcium slag powder according to the following formula and method by mass percent:
the raw material formula is as follows:
50-70 wt% of corundum particles, 2-10 wt% of magnesia particles, 15-22 wt% of corundum fine powder, 2-6 wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 1-5 wt% of active alumina micro powder, 0.5-3 wt% of graphite powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-3 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4-0.7 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of metal titanium powder and 4-9 wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, premixing magnesium oxide micro powder, active aluminum oxide micro powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder uniformly in raw materials, and then mixing the mixture with corundum particles, magnesia particles and corundum fine powder uniformly to obtain a mixture;
secondly, dry-pressing the mixture into a green brick under the pressure of 50MPa, and then putting the green brick into a graphite crucible, wherein the length, width and height of an inner cavity of the graphite crucible are 5% larger than those of the green brick; and wrapping heat-insulating cellucotton outside the graphite crucible;
and thirdly, pouring molten liquid aluminum-calcium slag powder into the graphite crucible, quickly covering the graphite crucible with a fiberboard cover, naturally cooling to room temperature, and removing the graphite crucible to obtain the finished product of the steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick.
The temperature of the molten aluminum calcium slag powder is 1500-1600 ℃.
The thickness of the heat insulation cellucotton wrapped outside the graphite crucible is 12-15 mm, and the thickness of the fiberboard cover is 12-15 mm.
The corundum is sintered corundum or fused corundum, wherein Al2O3The content is more than 99 wt%; the particle size of the corundum particles is 5-0.15 mm, and the particle size of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The magnesite is sintered magnesite or fused magnesite, wherein the content of MgO is more than 97wt%, and the particle size of the magnesite particles is 5-0.15 mm.
The MgO content in the magnesium oxide micro powder is more than 99wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.007 mm.
Al in the active alumina micro powder2O3The content is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.008 mm.
The purities of the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder are all more than 98wt%, and the particle sizes of the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder are less than 0.15 mm.
Al in the aluminum-calcium slag powder2O3SiO in an amount of 23 to 45 wt%2Content < 5wt%, Fe2O3Content < 2.5 wt.%, TiO2The content is less than 3wt%, and the MgO content is less than 2 wt%.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation cellucotton and the fiberboard cover is 0.05-0.1W/m.K.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention melts the aluminum calcium slag powder into liquid state and then pours the liquid state on the green brick formed by dry pressing the mixture, because the viscosity of the slag is lower, the slag can be evenly wrapped outside the green brick under the restriction of the inner cavity of the graphite crucible, the high temperature slag firstly melts the metal aluminum powder in the green brick to ensure that the metal aluminum powder expands and flows or is plastically strained to promote the dispersion uniformity of the slag, and the metal aluminum powder gradually forms Al @ Al by utilizing the oxidation reaction and the non-wetting property of the slag2O3The balls are uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the refractory material and react with metallic titanium to form TiAl @ Al of a part of titanium-containing aluminum alloy2O3A ball; meanwhile, the slag can be mixed with lanthanum oxide, activated alumina micropowder and oxygenThe magnesium micro powder reacts to gradually form a composite ceramic bonding phase of lanthanum hexaluminate, calcium hexaluminate and aluminum-magnesium spinel; moreover, the graphite and the TiAl alloy can further form a TiAl C phase; in addition, certain temperature distribution and change can be generated in the graphite crucible in the slag pouring process, so that the mixture forms a gradient structure with rigidity and flexibility, and the metal-ceramic composite toughening is combined, so that the hot surface of the brick body in service at high temperature has good slag resistance and steel slag scouring resistance, and the whole brick also has good strength and thermal shock resistance. The volume density of the finished brick body is tested>3.10g/cm3Apparent porosity<3 percent of thermal rupture strength at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h>10MPa, and the service life of the ladle working lining can be greatly prolonged by using the brick as the ladle lining brick. The brick is applied to a large-scale refining ladle as a working lining brick, and the average service life of the ladle can be longer than 130 times.
Meanwhile, the steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared by the invention does not need to use a resin bonding agent, is environment-friendly and does not cause pollution to the environment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in greater detail below with reference to specific implementations to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.
The ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared by the invention uses the following raw materials:
1. corundum particles, corundum fine powder: the corundum is sintered corundum or fused corundum, wherein Al2O3The content is more than 99 wt%; the grain size of the corundum particles is 5-0.15 mm, and the grain size of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
2. Magnesia particles: the magnesite is sintered magnesite or fused magnesite, wherein the content of MgO is more than 97wt%, and the particle size of magnesite particles is 5-0.15 mm.
3. Magnesium oxide micro powder: the MgO content in the magnesium oxide micro powder is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.007 mm.
4. Activated alumina micropowder: al in active alumina micropowder2O3The content is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.008 mm.
5. Graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder: the purity is more than 98wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.15 mm.
6. Aluminum calcium slag powder: al is required in the aluminum calcium slag powder2O3SiO in an amount of 23 to 45 wt%2Content < 5wt%, Fe2O3Content < 2.5 wt.%, TiO2The content is less than 3wt%, and the MgO content is less than 2 wt%.
Example 1 preparation of working lining brick for 120t refining ladle
Raw material formula 1:
63.6 wt% of corundum particles, 2wt% of magnesite particles, 18wt% of corundum fine powder, 5wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 1 wt% of activated alumina micro powder, 0.5 wt% of graphite powder, 0.2 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.5 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.2 wt% of metal titanium powder and 8wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder.
During preparation, firstly, uniformly premixing the magnesium oxide micro powder, the activated aluminum oxide micro powder, the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder in the raw materials, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with the corundum particles, the magnesia particles and the corundum fine powder to obtain a mixture; then, dry-pressing the mixture under the pressure of 50MPa to form a green brick, putting the green brick into a graphite crucible with the length, width and height of an inner cavity being 5% larger than the size of the green brick, and then wrapping heat-insulating cellucotton with the thickness of 12-15 mm outside the graphite crucible; and finally, melting the aluminum calcium slag powder into a liquid state at the temperature of 1500-1600 ℃, pouring the liquid state into a graphite crucible, quickly covering a fiberboard cover with the thickness of 12-15 mm, and naturally cooling to room temperature, and removing the graphite crucible to obtain the finished product of the low-carbon steel ladle working lining brick.
The volume density of the ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared in the example 1 is tested to be 3.17g/cm3The apparent porosity is 2.3 percent, the thermal rupture strength is 12MPa at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h, the average service life of the ladle can reach 142 times when the refractory material is applied to a 120t refined steel ladle.
Example 2 preparation of working lining brick for 120t refining ladle
Raw material formula 2:
59.5wt% of corundum particles, 5wt% of magnesite particles, 15wt% of corundum fine powder, 6wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 5wt% of activated alumina micro powder, 1.5 wt% of graphite powder, 0.3 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 3wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.3 wt% of metal titanium powder and 4wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
The volume density of the ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared in the example 2 is 3.15g/cm3The apparent porosity is 1.9 percent, the thermal fracture strength is 11MPa at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h, and the average service life of the ladle can reach 150 times when the refractory material is applied to a 120t refined steel ladle.
Example 3 preparation of working lining brick for 150t refining ladle
The raw material formula is as follows:
53.8wt% of corundum particles, 7wt% of magnesite particles, 22wt% of corundum fine powder, 2wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 3wt% of activated alumina micro powder, 3wt% of graphite powder, 0.5 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1.5 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.7 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.5 wt% of metal titanium powder and 6wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
The volume density of the ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared in the example 2 is tested to be 3.11g/cm3The apparent porosity is 1.5 percent, the hot breaking strength is 13.5MPa at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h, and the average service life of the ladle can reach 135 times when the hot breaking strength is applied to 150t refined steel ladles.
In actual preparation, the used raw materials are properly adjusted within the range disclosed by the invention, and the requirements of refining production of various types of steel ladles can be met.

Claims (10)

1.一种钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：是由原料刚玉颗粒、镁砂颗粒、刚玉细粉、氧化镁微粉、活性氧化铝微粉、石墨粉、碳化硅粉、氧化镧粉、金属铝粉、金属钛粉和铝钙渣粉按照下述质量百分比配方和方法制备而成：1. a ladle low carbon working lining brick, it is characterized in that: be made of raw material corundum particles, magnesia particles, corundum fine powder, magnesia micropowder, activated alumina micropowder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal Aluminum powder, titanium metal powder and aluminum-calcium slag powder are prepared according to the following mass percentage formula and method: 原料配方：Raw material formula: 50～70wt%的刚玉颗粒，2～10wt%的镁砂颗粒，15～22wt%的刚玉细粉，2～6wt%的氧化镁微粉，1～5wt％的活性氧化铝微粉，0.5～3wt％的石墨粉，0.2～0.5wt％的碳化硅粉，1～3wt％的氧化镧粉，0.4～0.7wt％的金属铝粉，0.2～0.5wt％的金属钛粉，4～9wt%的铝钙渣粉；50～70wt% corundum particles, 2～10wt% magnesia particles, 15～22wt% corundum fine powder, 2～6wt% magnesia micropowder, 1～5wt% activated alumina micropowder, 0.5～3wt% Graphite powder, 0.2-0.5wt% silicon carbide powder, 1-3wt% lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4-0.7wt% metal aluminum powder, 0.2-0.5wt% metal titanium powder, 4-9wt% aluminum calcium slag pink; 制备方法：Preparation: 第一步，将原料中的氧化镁微粉、活性氧化铝微粉、石墨粉、碳化硅粉、氧化镧粉、金属铝粉和金属钛粉预混均匀，再与原料刚玉颗粒、镁砂颗粒及刚玉细粉混合均匀，得到混合料；The first step is to premix the magnesium oxide micropowder, activated alumina micropowder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder in the raw materials evenly, and then mix them with the raw material corundum particles, magnesia particles and corundum The fine powder is evenly mixed to obtain a mixture; 第二步，将混合料在50MPa压力下干压成砖坯后放入石墨坩埚内，其中石墨坩埚的内腔长、宽、高尺寸均比砖坯的尺寸大5%；并在石墨坩埚外包裹隔热纤维棉；In the second step, the mixture is dry-pressed into bricks under a pressure of 50MPa and placed in a graphite crucible, wherein the length, width and height of the inner cavity of the graphite crucible are all 5% larger than those of the bricks; and the graphite crucible is wrapped with a barrier thermal fiber cotton; 第三步，将熔融成液态的铝钙渣粉浇注到石墨坩埚内，并迅速盖上纤维板盖，自然冷却至室温后脱除石墨坩埚，得到成品钢包低碳工作衬砖。In the third step, the molten aluminum-calcium slag powder is poured into the graphite crucible, and the fiberboard cover is quickly covered, and the graphite crucible is removed after cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished ladle low-carbon working lining brick. 2.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述熔融铝钙渣粉的温度为1500~1600℃。2 . The low-carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the molten aluminum-calcium slag powder is 1500-1600° C. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：包裹在石墨坩埚外隔热纤维棉的厚度为12~15mm，所述纤维板盖的厚度为12~15mm。3. The low carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of the thermal insulation fiber wool wrapped in the graphite crucible is 12～15mm, and the thickness of the fiberboard cover is 12～15mm. 4.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述刚玉为烧结刚玉或电熔刚玉，其中Al2O3含量＞99wt%；所述刚玉颗粒的粒径为5～0.15mm，所述刚玉细粉的粒径＜0.088mm。4. The low-carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the corundum is sintered corundum or fused corundum, wherein the content of Al 2 O 3 >99wt%; the particle size of the corundum particles is 5 ~0.15mm, the particle size of the corundum fine powder is <0.088mm. 5.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述镁砂为烧结镁砂或电熔镁砂，其中MgO含量＞97wt%，所述镁砂颗粒的粒径为5～0.15mm。5. The low-carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnesia is sintered magnesia or fused magnesia, wherein the content of MgO>97wt%, and the particle size of the magnesia particles is 5～0.15mm. 6.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述氧化镁微粉中MgO含量＞99wt%，其粒径＜0.007mm。6 . The low-carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1 , wherein the content of MgO in the magnesia micropowder is >99wt%, and the particle size is <0.007mm. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述活性氧化铝微粉中Al2O3含量＞99wt%，其粒径＜0.008mm。7 . The low-carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1 , wherein the content of Al 2 O 3 in the activated alumina micropowder is greater than 99 wt %, and the particle size thereof is less than 0.008 mm. 8 . 8.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述石墨粉、碳化硅粉、氧化镧粉、金属铝粉和金属钛粉的纯度均大于98wt%，其粒径＜0.15mm。8. The low carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the purity of the graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder are all greater than 98wt%, and the particle size thereof is greater than 98 wt%. <0.15mm. 9.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述铝钙渣粉中Al2O3含量在23~45 wt%之间，SiO2含量＜5wt%，Fe2O3含量＜2.5wt%，TiO2含量＜3wt%，MgO含量＜2wt%。9 . The low-carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 content in the aluminum-calcium slag powder is between 23 and 45 wt %, the SiO 2 content is less than 5 wt %, and the Fe 2 O 3 content < 2.5 wt %, TiO 2 content < 3 wt %, MgO content < 2 wt %. 10.根据权利要求1所述的钢包低碳工作衬砖，其特征在于：所述隔热纤维棉和纤维板盖的导热系数在0.05~0.1W/m·K之间。10 . The low carbon working lining brick for ladle according to claim 1 , wherein the thermal conductivity of the insulating fiber wool and the fiberboard cover is between 0.05 and 0.1 W/m·K. 11 .
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