CN113274840A - Device and method for treating VOCs waste gas through activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation - Google Patents
Device and method for treating VOCs waste gas through activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation. The desorption gas is circularly desorbed to the adsorption bed by limiting the input of fresh air, and the oxygen content of the desorption gas is gradually reduced along with the oxidation reaction of VOCs, so that the desorption temperature of the adsorption bed is improved, and the high desorption efficiency is finally achieved. The device comprises a pretreatment device, an adsorption bed, an adsorption fan and a chimney which are sequentially arranged according to an adsorption sequence; the adsorption unit comprises a plurality of independent adsorption beds, and when one of the adsorption beds is subjected to desorption operation, the rest adsorption beds are subjected to adsorption operation. The device is simple to operate and control, low in operating cost and capable of achieving a high desorption effect at low cost.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a device and a method for treating VOCs waste gas through activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation.
[ background of the invention ]
VOCs are one of the main atmospheric pollutants, and are produced in chemical industry, coating industry, pharmaceutical industry and other industries. The adsorption-catalytic oxidation method is a common method for treating industrial VOCs waste gas, and the method comprises the steps of enriching low-concentration VOCs by an adsorption method, desorbing by hot air, and passing desorbed gas containing high-concentration VOCs through a catalyst bed layer to realize low-temperature combustion purification. The activated carbon is a common adsorbent of an adsorption-catalytic oxidation method, and has the advantages of simple installation, convenient use and lower cost. When the activated carbon is used as the adsorbent, the desorption temperature is generally about 100 ℃, and is not more than 120 ℃. The desorption temperature of the activated carbon is lower, the residual organic matters in the activated carbon after desorption are more, the whole desorption efficiency is not high, the adsorption activity of the activated carbon is reduced, and the service life is shortened. The lower desorption temperature is set, the system safety is mainly considered, and the organic matters enriched in the activated carbon are oxidized and combusted due to overhigh temperature, so that local overheating is caused, and even fire is caused. At present, the problem is the common problem of treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption-catalytic combustion.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a device and a method for treating VOCs waste gas through activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation, which are simple to operate and control, low in operating cost and capable of realizing high desorption effect at low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a device for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation, which comprises an adsorption system and a desorption system, wherein the adsorption system comprises a pretreatment device, an adsorption unit, an adsorption fan and a chimney which are sequentially arranged according to an adsorption sequence; the desorption system comprises a heater, a catalytic oxidation device, a cooling device and a desorption fan which are arranged according to a desorption sequence, a catalyst is arranged in the catalytic oxidation device, an inlet of the catalytic oxidation device is connected with an outlet of the desorption fan to form an adsorption unit, a nitrogen purging device and an oxygen supplementing device are sequentially arranged between the adsorption unit and the inlet of the catalytic oxidation device according to the desorption sequence, an oxygen content meter is arranged at an outlet of the catalytic oxidation device, the adsorption unit comprises a plurality of independent adsorption beds, an activated carbon adsorbent is arranged in each adsorption bed, two switching valves are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of each adsorption bed, when one adsorption bed in the adsorption unit is subjected to desorption operation, the rest adsorption beds are subjected to adsorption operation, and the adsorption or desorption operation of the adsorption beds is switched through the switching valves.
Preferably, the cooling device is a gas-gas heat exchanger, a cold source inlet of the cooling device is connected with an outlet of the adsorption fan through a regulating valve, part of cold air is extracted from an outlet of the adsorption fan, and a cold source outlet of the cooling device is merged into the inlet of the adsorption fan.
Preferably, the outlet of the desorption fan is connected with the inlet of the chimney through an external discharge pipeline valve.
Preferably, the switching valves include a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve, and a fourth switching valve, an inlet of the first switching valve is connected to an outlet of the pretreatment device, an outlet of the first switching valve is connected to the adsorption bed, an inlet of the third switching valve is connected to the adsorption bed, an outlet of the third switching valve is connected to an inlet of the adsorption fan, an inlet of the second switching valve is connected between the outlet of the first switching valve and the adsorption bed, an outlet of the second switching valve is connected to an inlet of the catalytic oxidation device, an inlet of the fourth switching valve is connected to an outlet of the desorption fan, and an outlet of the fourth switching valve is connected to the adsorption bed.
The invention also provides a method for treating the VOCs waste gas by adopting the device, which comprises an adsorption method of an adsorption system and a desorption method of a desorption system;
the adsorption method comprises the following steps:
s11, after the low-concentration VOCs waste gas passes through a pretreatment device and particulate matters carried by the low-concentration VOCs waste gas are removed, the low-concentration VOCs waste gas enters an adsorption bed;
s12, adsorbing by using an activated carbon adsorbent in an adsorption bed, enriching organic waste gas molecules in the activated carbon adsorbent, and purifying the gas;
s13, conveying the clean gas to a chimney to be discharged under the action of an adsorption fan;
the desorption process comprises the steps of:
s21, air passes through an oxygen supplementing device, is preheated to a desorption temperature by a heater and then enters an adsorption bed for desorption, the desorbed air flow contains high-concentration VOCs waste gas, the gas is further heated by the heater to enable the gas temperature to reach a catalyst working temperature range, then the gas enters a catalytic oxidation device to contact a catalyst for catalytic oxidation reaction, and the VOCs gas in the gas is oxidized into a harmless substance H2O and CO2While oxygen is consumed;
s22, after the temperature of the clean gas oxidized by the catalyst is adjusted by a cooling device, the clean gas is conveyed to an adsorption bed through a desorption fan to be desorbed again;
s23, closing the oxygen supplementing device, enabling desorption airflow to circularly enter the adsorption bed and the catalytic oxidation device, gradually consuming oxygen in the airflow, monitoring the oxygen content at the outlet of the catalytic oxidation device in real time through the oxygen content meter, gradually increasing the inlet temperature of the adsorption bed until the oxygen content is reduced to the critical value of the minimum oxygen content required by the catalytic oxidation reaction, and then keeping the desorption temperature unchanged;
s24, after the desorption system enters a stable operation state, discharging partial clean gas through an external discharge pipeline valve at the outlet of the desorption fan, and simultaneously starting an oxygen supplementing device to supplement fresh air, wherein the external discharge amount is equal to the supplementing air amount, so that the stable flow rate of the circulating desorption airflow is ensured;
and S25, after the desorption is finished, closing the oxygen supplementing device, closing the heater, and cooling the adsorption bed through the cooling device to enable the adsorption bed to reach a safe temperature range.
Preferably, the number of the adsorption beds is plural, and when one adsorption bed performs the desorption operation, the remaining plural adsorption beds perform the adsorption operation, and the adsorption or desorption operation of the adsorption bed is switched by switching the valve.
Preferably, in step S23, the desorption temperature of the system is set in real time according to the oxygen content of the gas stream measured by the oxygen content meter, and the cooling device controls the temperature of the desorption system to a set value by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve.
Preferably, in step S24, the opening of the oxygen supply device is adjusted according to the oxygen content of the gas stream measured by the oxygen content meter, so as to ensure that the catalytic oxidation reaction in the catalytic oxidation device is carried out above the minimum value of the required oxygen content.
According to the invention, the input of fresh air is limited, so that desorption gas can be circularly desorbed from the adsorption bed, and the oxygen content of the desorption gas is gradually reduced along with the oxidation reaction of VOCs, so that the desorption temperature of the adsorption bed is increased, and the high desorption efficiency is finally achieved. The content of oxygen in the desorbed gas is adjusted to be reduced to a safe concentration range, so that the phenomenon of burning activated carbon is avoided. The invention has the following advantages:
1. high-temperature desorption, high desorption efficiency, thorough desorption and greatly prolonged service life of the activated carbon.
2. Through the automatic control of the oxygen content, the requirements of catalytic oxidation can be met, and high-temperature safe desorption can be ensured.
3. After high-temperature desorption, the whole process control is automated and simplified, and the cost is effectively reduced.
4. After high-temperature desorption, the heat utilization rate is greatly improved, and energy conservation and consumption reduction are really realized.
5. Compared with nitrogen desorption, the process is simple and the operation cost is low.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a pretreatment device; 2. an adsorption bed; 3. an activated carbon adsorbent; 4. an adsorption fan; 5. a chimney; 6. switching valves; 7. an oxygen supplementing device; 8. a catalytic oxidation unit; 9. a heater; 10. a catalyst; 11. an oxygen content scale; 12. a cooling device; 13. a desorption fan; 14. purging with nitrogen; 15. adjusting a valve; 16. an outer discharge pipeline valve.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a device for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation, which comprises an adsorption system and a desorption system, wherein the adsorption system comprises a pretreatment device 1, an adsorption unit, an adsorption fan 4 and a chimney 5 which are sequentially arranged according to an adsorption sequence; the desorption system comprises a heater 9, a catalytic oxidation device 8, a cooling device 12 and a desorption fan 13 which are arranged according to a desorption sequence, a catalyst 10 is arranged in the catalytic oxidation device 8, an inlet of the catalytic oxidation device 8 is connected with an adsorption unit with an outlet of the desorption fan 13, a nitrogen purging device 14 and an oxygen supplementing device 7 are arranged between the adsorption unit and the inlet of the catalytic oxidation device 8 according to the desorption sequence, the oxygen supplementing device 7 is used for supplementing fresh air and ensuring that the catalytic oxidation device 8 has enough oxygen to maintain reaction, an oxygen content meter 11 is arranged at an outlet of the catalytic oxidation device 8 and used for monitoring the flow of the oxygen supplementing device 7, the adsorption unit comprises a plurality of independent adsorption beds 2, an activated carbon adsorbent 3 is arranged in the adsorption beds 2, and two switching valves 6 are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the adsorption beds 2, when one adsorption bed 2 in the adsorption unit performs desorption operation, the rest of the adsorption beds 2 perform adsorption operation, and the adsorption or desorption operation of the adsorption beds 2 is switched by the switching valve 6.
Further, the cooling device 12 is a gas-gas heat exchanger, a cold source inlet of the cooling device 12 is connected with an outlet of the adsorption fan 4 through the regulating valve 15, a cold source outlet of the cooling device 12 is connected with an inlet of the adsorption fan 4, and a cold flow source of the cooling device 12 is clean air after adsorption operation.
Further, the outlet of the desorption fan 13 is connected with the inlet of the chimney 5 through an external discharge pipeline valve 16.
Further, the switching valve 6 includes a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve, and a fourth switching valve, an inlet of the first switching valve is connected to an outlet of the pretreatment device 1, an outlet of the first switching valve is connected to the adsorption bed 2, an inlet of the third switching valve is connected to the adsorption bed 2, an outlet of the third switching valve is connected to an inlet of the adsorption fan 4, an inlet of the second switching valve is connected between the outlet of the first switching valve and the adsorption bed 2, an outlet of the second switching valve is connected to an inlet of the catalytic oxidation device 8, an inlet of the fourth switching valve is connected to an outlet of the desorption fan 13, and an outlet of the fourth switching valve is connected to the adsorption bed 2.
The invention relates to a method for treating VOCs waste gas by adopting the device, which comprises an adsorption method of an adsorption system and a desorption method of a desorption system;
the adsorption method comprises the following steps:
s11, switching a switching valve 6 corresponding to the adsorption bed 2 for adsorption operation to an adsorption state, so that the first switching valve and the third switching valve are in an open state, and the second switching valve and the fourth switching valve are in a closed state; the low-concentration VOCs waste gas passes through the pretreatment device 1, and the particulate matters carried by the low-concentration VOCs waste gas are removed and then enter the adsorption bed 2;
s12, adsorbing by the activated carbon adsorbent 3 in the adsorption bed 2, enriching organic waste gas molecules in the activated carbon adsorbent 3, and purifying the gas;
s13, conveying the clean gas to a chimney 5 to be discharged under the action of an adsorption fan 4;
the desorption process comprises the steps of:
s21, switching a switching valve 6 corresponding to the adsorption bed 2 for desorption operation to a desorption state, enabling a second switching valve and a fourth switching valve to be in an open state, enabling a first switching valve and a third switching valve to be in a closed state, enabling a desorption fan 13 to work, enabling an oxygen supplementing device 7 to be opened, enabling a cold air pipeline adjusting valve 15 to be closed, enabling an outer discharge pipeline valve 16 to be closed, enabling a heater to be used for heating, and enabling a cold air pipeline adjusting valve 15 to be closed and an outer discharge pipeline valve 16 to be closed9, opening the desorption system to circularly heat to the desorption temperature. Air passes through the oxygenating device 7, is preheated to a desorption temperature by the heater 9 and then enters the adsorption bed 2 for desorption, the desorbed air flow contains high-concentration VOCs waste gas, the gas is heated by the heater 9 firstly, the gas temperature reaches the working temperature range of the catalyst 10, then the gas enters the catalytic oxidation device 8 for purification, the gas contacts the catalyst 10 for catalytic oxidation reaction, the VOCs gas in the gas is oxidized into a harmless substance H2O and CO2While oxygen is consumed;
s22, after the temperature of the clean gas oxidized by the catalyst 10 is adjusted by the cooling device 12, the clean gas is conveyed to the adsorption bed 2 through the desorption fan 13 for desorption again, and the cooling device 12 realizes automatic temperature control by adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve 15;
s23, closing the oxygen supplementing device 7, enabling desorption airflow to circularly enter the adsorption bed 2 and the catalytic oxidation device 8, gradually consuming oxygen in the airflow, monitoring the oxygen content at the outlet of the catalytic oxidation device in real time through the oxygen content meter 11, gradually increasing the inlet temperature of the adsorption bed 2 until the oxygen content is reduced to the critical value of the minimum oxygen content required by the catalytic oxidation reaction, and then keeping the desorption temperature unchanged;
s24, after the desorption system enters a stable operation state, starting an oxygen supplementing device 7 for supplementing fresh air, automatically controlling and adjusting the opening degree of the oxygen supplementing device 7 according to an oxygen content meter 11, partially discharging catalytic combustion clean gas through an external discharge pipeline valve 16 for keeping the flow rate of desorption gas flow stable, and operating the adsorption bed 2 at a high temperature; when the oxygen content meter 11 shows that the reduction is not caused any more, the catalyst reaction is stopped, no VOCs exists in the desorption gas, the desorption of the activated carbon is complete, and the desorption regeneration is completed. Meanwhile, whether the desorption of the activated carbon is finished can be determined by the temperature rise of the inlet and the outlet of the catalytic bed, and when the temperature rise of the inlet and the outlet of the catalytic bed is 0, the desorption is finished. After the desorption is finished, the oxygen supply device 7 is closed, the heater 9 is closed, and the adsorption bed 2 is cooled by the cooling device 12 to reach a safe temperature range.
Furthermore, the system is provided with a nitrogen protection system, once the local temperature of the system is too high, the electric heater 9 is closed, and the nitrogen purging device 14 purges the desorption system by adopting nitrogen, so that the catalytic oxidation reaction is stopped, and the temperature of the system is gradually reduced.
Further, in the present embodiment, there are three adsorption beds 2, and when one adsorption bed 2 performs the desorption operation, the other two adsorption beds 2 perform the adsorption operation, and the adsorption or desorption operation of the adsorption bed 2 is switched by the switching valve 6.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a device of VOCs waste gas is administered in high temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation of active carbon adsorption which characterized in that: the device comprises an adsorption system and a desorption system, wherein the adsorption system comprises a pretreatment device (1), an adsorption unit, an adsorption fan (4) and a chimney (5) which are sequentially arranged according to an adsorption sequence; the desorption system comprises a heater (9), a catalytic oxidation device (8), a cooling device (12) and a desorption fan (13) which are arranged according to a desorption sequence, a catalyst (10) is arranged in the catalytic oxidation device (8), an inlet of the catalytic oxidation device (8) is connected with an outlet of the desorption fan (13) to form an adsorption unit, a nitrogen purging device (14) and an oxygen supplementing device (7) are sequentially arranged between the adsorption unit and the inlet of the catalytic oxidation device (8) according to the desorption sequence, an oxygen content meter (11) is arranged at an outlet of the catalytic oxidation device (8), the adsorption unit comprises a plurality of independent adsorption beds (2), an activated carbon adsorbent (3) is arranged in each adsorption bed (2), two switching valves (6) are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of each adsorption bed (2), and when one adsorption bed (2) in the adsorption unit is subjected to desorption operation, the other multiple adsorption beds (2) are subjected to adsorption operation, and the adsorption or desorption operation of the adsorption beds (2) is switched by a switching valve (6).
2. The device for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling device (12) is a gas-gas heat exchanger, a cold source inlet of the cooling device (12) is connected with an outlet of the adsorption fan (4) through a regulating valve (15), partial cold air is extracted from an outlet of the adsorption fan (4), and a cold source outlet of the cooling device (12) is merged into an inlet of the adsorption fan (4).
3. The device for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the desorption fan (13) is also connected with the inlet of the chimney (5) through an external discharge pipeline valve (16).
4. The device for treating VOCs waste gas by activated carbon adsorption high-temperature desorption-catalytic oxidation according to claim 1, wherein: the switching valve (6) comprises a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve and a fourth switching valve, wherein the inlet of the first switching valve is connected with the outlet of the pretreatment device (1), the outlet of the first switching valve is connected with the adsorption bed (2), the inlet of the third switching valve is connected with the adsorption bed (2), the outlet of the third switching valve is connected with the inlet of the adsorption fan (4), the inlet of the second switching valve is connected between the outlet of the first switching valve and the adsorption bed (2), the outlet of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet of the catalytic oxidation device (8), the inlet of the fourth switching valve is connected with the outlet of the desorption fan (13), and the outlet of the fourth switching valve is connected with the adsorption bed (2).
5. A method of treating exhaust gases containing VOCs using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: comprises an adsorption method of an adsorption system and a desorption method of a desorption system;
the adsorption method comprises the following steps:
s11, after the low-concentration VOCs waste gas passes through the pretreatment device (1), particulate matters carried by the low-concentration VOCs waste gas are removed, and then the low-concentration VOCs waste gas enters an adsorption bed (2);
s12, adsorbing by the activated carbon adsorbent (3) in the adsorption bed (2), enriching organic waste gas molecules in the activated carbon adsorbent (3), and purifying the gas;
s13, conveying the clean gas to a chimney (5) to be discharged under the action of the adsorption fan (4);
the desorption process comprises the steps of:
s21, air passes through the oxygen supplementing device (7), is preheated to a desorption temperature by the heater (9) and then enters the adsorption bed (2) for desorption, the desorbed air flow contains high-concentration VOCs waste gas, the waste gas is further heated by the heater (9) to enable the gas temperature to reach a working temperature range of the catalyst (10), then the waste gas enters the catalytic oxidation device (8) to contact the catalyst (10) for catalytic oxidation reaction, and the VOCs gas in the gas is oxidized into a harmless substance H2O and CO2While oxygen is consumed;
s22, after the temperature of the clean gas oxidized by the catalyst (10) is adjusted by a cooling device (12), the clean gas is conveyed to the adsorption bed (2) through a desorption fan (13) for desorption again;
s23, closing the oxygen supplementing device (7), enabling desorption airflow to circularly enter the adsorption bed (2) and the catalytic oxidation device (8) to gradually consume oxygen in the airflow, monitoring the oxygen content at the outlet of the catalytic oxidation device in real time through the oxygen content meter (11), gradually increasing the inlet temperature of the adsorption bed (2) until the oxygen content is reduced to a critical value of the minimum oxygen content required by the catalytic oxidation reaction, and then keeping the desorption temperature unchanged;
s24, after the desorption system enters a stable operation state, discharging partial clean gas through an external discharge pipeline valve (16) at the outlet of the desorption fan (13), and simultaneously starting an oxygen supplementing device (7) to supplement fresh air, wherein the external discharge amount is equal to the supplementing air amount, so that the flow velocity of the circulating desorption airflow is ensured to be stable;
and S25, after the desorption is finished, closing the oxygen supplementing device (7), closing the heater (9), and cooling the adsorption bed (2) through the cooling device (12) to enable the adsorption bed to reach a safe temperature range.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the adsorption bed (2) is provided with a plurality of adsorption beds, when one adsorption bed (2) carries out desorption operation, the rest adsorption beds (2) carry out adsorption operation, and the adsorption or desorption operation of the adsorption beds (2) is switched through a switching valve (6).
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S23, the desorption temperature of the system is set in real time according to the oxygen content of the gas flow measured by the oxygen content meter (11), and the cooling device (12) controls the temperature of the desorption system to a set value by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve (15).
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S24, the opening of the oxygen supply device (7) is adjusted according to the oxygen content of the air flow measured by the oxygen content meter (11), so as to ensure that the catalytic oxidation reaction in the catalytic oxidation device (8) is carried out above the minimum value of the required oxygen content.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113499683A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-10-15 | 浙江工业大学 | VOC (volatile organic compound) based on catalytic oxidationsComposite processing system and method |
| CN113663472A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-19 | 福泉兴盛生物科技有限公司 | Multistage treatment method for organic waste gas |
| CN114225637A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-25 | 浙江菲达环保科技股份有限公司 | VOCs treatment system and method suitable for intermittent coating |
| CN114272751A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-05 | 重庆零壹空间航天科技有限公司 | System for treating low-concentration VOCs in sealed space and treatment method based on system |
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| CN114225637A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-25 | 浙江菲达环保科技股份有限公司 | VOCs treatment system and method suitable for intermittent coating |
| CN114272751A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-05 | 重庆零壹空间航天科技有限公司 | System for treating low-concentration VOCs in sealed space and treatment method based on system |
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