CN113267899A - Method for generating multiple coaxial orbit orbital angular momentum states at one time - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种一次产生多个同轴轨道角动量态的方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1：将来自激光器的高斯光经过准直器准直后，送入光束偏转装置；步骤2：通过光束偏转装置的控制器的控制，高斯光束发生不同角度偏转，出射的高斯光束经过由多个透镜组成的准直系统后，照射在圆形阵列涡旋达曼光栅的不同位置上，经过圆形阵列涡旋达曼光栅透射的光束转变为多个不同拓扑荷值的同轴轨道角动量光束，并在焦平面上显示多个同心圆图案。本发明将光束偏转置和改进的圆形阵列涡旋达曼光栅运用到轨道角动量光束的产生领域中，实现了对多个同轴轨道角动量态的新型快速生成方法。
The invention discloses a method for generating multiple coaxial orbital angular momentum states at one time, comprising the following steps: step 1: after the Gaussian light from a laser is collimated by a collimator, it is sent to a beam deflection device; step 2: through Controlled by the controller of the beam deflection device, the Gaussian beam is deflected at different angles, and the outgoing Gaussian beam passes through the collimation system composed of multiple lenses, and then irradiates on different positions of the circular array vortex Daman grating. The beam transmitted by the arrayed vortex Daman grating is transformed into multiple coaxial orbital angular momentum beams with different topological charge values, and displays multiple concentric circle patterns on the focal plane. The invention applies the beam deflection and the improved circular array vortex Daman grating to the field of generating orbital angular momentum beams, and realizes a novel and fast generating method for multiple coaxial orbital angular momentum states.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of orbital angular momentum, in particular to a method for generating a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum states at one time.
Background
Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) isOne of the leading edges and hot spots in the field of quantum optics in recent years. In the classical electromagnetic field theory, the angular momentum of an electromagnetic field is divided into spin angular momentum, which is related to circular polarization, and orbital angular momentum, which is related to a spatial helical phase structure. During free space transmission, the Spin Angular Momentum (SAM) and the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) remain unchanged. In 1992, Allen et al indicated a beam with a helical phase factor exp (il θ), with each photon with a
Wherein l is the azimuth index of the light beam, also called topological charge, and the value can be from negative infinity to positive infinity, and the size determines the space distribution condition of the light beam,
where h is the Planckian constant. Subsequently, related researchers at the university of Queensland in 1995 verified the existence of photon orbital angular momentum for the first time through experiments, and researches in recent years also found that the topological charge value of the orbital angular momentum can be not only an integer but also a fraction.
With the increasing attention of orbital angular momentum in quantum information processing and modern communications, a variety of methods for generating OAM states have emerged. The OAM state can be directly output from the laser cavity; the other type is that a gaussian mode is output from a laser and then converted into a required OAM state by a converter, and the latter method has different conversion paths, and common generation methods include: helical phase plate method, computer holography method, Q-disk generation method, and mode conversion method, etc.
There are many common generating devices. Adaptive optics techniques, such as Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs) or Digital Micromirror Devices (DMDs), are currently used to change the phase and amplitude of the light beam front. Another approach is to illuminate one of a plurality of static phase plates using a plurality of electro-optical modulators (EOMs) and then recombine using a plurality of beam splitters to produce different spatial modes. The invention provides a method for generating a plurality of coaxial orbit angular momentum states at one time by combining beam deflection with an improved circular array vortex Dammann grating.
The beam deflecting means may be implemented using an optical deflector. An optical deflector, also called a light beam scanner, is a device that can change the direction of light beam propagation in space according to a certain rule. Most optical deflectors mechanically rotate a mirror (or polygon) to change the angle of incidence of a light beam onto the mirror, thereby deflecting the reflected light beam. Another type of conventional optical deflector utilizes an electro-optic effect or an acousto-optic effect to change a refractive index of a transparent medium to achieve the purpose of deflecting a light beam, and such a type of optical deflector is often only suitable for deflecting a laser beam with a single wavelength. Commonly used optical deflectors include turning mirrors, vibrating mirrors, acousto-optic deflectors, and the like.
The phase grating modulated by the space coordinates of the Dammann grating can generate one-dimensional or two-dimensional array beams with rectangular equal intensity by utilizing the diffraction grating with a special aperture function. Dammann gratings are used for star coupling of optical fibers and for coherent superposition of multiple laser sources. In recent years, it has been used in optical interconnects for optical computing, reading information in parallel or as a beam splitting device. The conventional Dammann grating generates a square diffraction field distribution, and the application of the conventional Dammann grating is limited in some special occasions.
In the prior art, application publication No. CN101726868A discloses a method and an apparatus for realizing multiplexing coding of orbital angular momentum states of light beams, and specifically discloses a laser, a polarizer, a beam expander, a spatial light modulator, a wave plate, and a fourier transform lens, which form a plurality of light beams in different orbital angular momentum states uniformly distributed on a circumference with an incident light optical axis as a center on a back focal plane of the fourier transform lens. Application publication No. CN104280802A discloses a composite Dammann vortex grating, which is composed of two basic topological charges + -l carrying same size and opposite sign0The Dammann vortex grating is sequentially and alternately arranged from inside to outside according to the equal-width annular regionThe combined binary pure phase modulation device can only generate a plurality of petal-shaped light spots with different topological charges through the composite Dammann vortex grating.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for generating a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum states at one time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for generating a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum states at one time, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: after being collimated, the Gaussian light from the laser is sent into a beam deflection device;
step 2: the controller of the light beam deflection device is controlled to control the deflection angle of the outgoing light beam, the outgoing light beam irradiates different circular array vortex Dammann gratings after passing through a collimation system consisting of a plurality of lenses, the light beam transmitted by the circular array vortex Dammann gratings is converted into a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum light beams with different topological charge values, and a plurality of concentric circle patterns are displayed on a focal plane.
The invention is further improved in that: the circular array vortex Dammann grating in the step 2 is a phase grating modulated by space coordinates, and can generate one-dimensional or two-dimensional circular array beams with equal intensity by utilizing a diffraction grating with a specific aperture function.
The invention is further improved in that: the phase structure of the circular array vortex Dammann grating is as follows:
where φ is the phase function, N is the total number of diffraction orders, an even positive integer, and T is the gratingPeriod of (a), Tx、Ty、TrRepresents a period designed in the horizontal, vertical and radial directions of the grating, wherein
N is the order of diffraction from-N/2 to N/2, θ is the azimuth angle in polar coordinates, l is the topological charge of the OAM light, is a non-zero integer, | En|21/N is the energy of the nth order, corresponding to the normalization of the total energy, EnThe light beams incident on the circular array vortex Dammann grating with the plane wave front are diffracted into N orders according to the formula, and the light beams with topological charges N multiplied by l have equal energy, so that a plurality of concentric circular orbital angular momentum light beam arrays are obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the light beam deflection device and the improved circular array vortex Dammann grating are applied to the field of generation of orbital angular momentum light beams, a novel rapid generation method of a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum is realized, and the formed array light beams have the characteristic of equal intensity. The beam is deflected at different angles based on the rapidity and flexibility of the beam deflection device, and the capability of deflecting the beam to any angle is utilized. Then, the incident light beams are projected onto a modified circular array vortex Dammann grating capable of generating a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum phases, and the generation of the plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum light beams is achieved. The traditional Dammann grating generates a square diffraction field with one-dimensional and two-dimensional equal-intensity points, which is not axisymmetric, and most optical systems are axisymmetric. The circular array vortex Dammann grating can realize one-time generation of a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum beams.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of multiple coaxial orbital angular momentum beam generation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a circular array vortex dammann grating 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a circular array vortex dammann grating 2.
Fig. 4 is a graph of simulation results of the coaxial orbital angular momentum array 1.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing simulation results of the coaxial orbital angular momentum array 2.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in this embodiment, in consideration of the current situation that the conventional orbital angular momentum beam generation method cannot achieve generation of multiple coaxial orbital angular momentums, a method combining characteristics of beam deflection and circular array vortex dammann gratings is proposed, and a beam deflection device is controlled to deflect a beam at different angles and make the beam strike different positions of the circular array vortex dammann gratings, so as to achieve generation of multiple coaxial orbital angular momentums at one time. The invention relates to a method for generating a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum state light beams at one time, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: after being collimated, the Gaussian light from the laser is sent into a beam deflection device;
step 2: the deflection angle of the emergent light beam is controlled by a controller for controlling the light beam deflection device, the emergent light beam passes through a collimation system consisting of a plurality of lenses, the collimation system can be composed of L1, L2 and L3 lenses, the deflection angle is amplified, the light beam irradiates on different positions of the circular array vortex Dammann grating, and the circular array vortex Dammann grating at different positions corresponds to the phase of coaxial orbital angular momentum capable of generating different numbers of topological values. Therefore, the light beams transmitted by the circular array vortex Dammann grating are converted into a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum light beams with different topological charge values, and therefore, the generation of the coaxial orbital angular momentum light beams with different number of topological charges is realized by adjusting the controller, and a plurality of concentric circle patterns are displayed on a focal plane.
The beam deflection device in step 1 is a device capable of deflecting the outgoing beam at a certain angle compared with the incoming beam, such as a turning mirror, a vibrating mirror, an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), an acousto-optic deflector (AOD), and the like. Based on the deflection angle, the output light beam is deflected and irradiates different positions of the circular array vortex Dammann grating according to the deflection angle. The speed of adjustment of the beam deflection device determines the speed of the invention for generating a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum states at a time, and the speed of adjustment of the beam deflection device is much greater than the conventional generation speed.
The circular array vortex Dammann grating in the step 2 is a phase grating modulated by space coordinates, and can generate one-dimensional or two-dimensional circular array beams with equal intensity by utilizing a diffraction grating with a specific aperture function. The conventional Dammann grating generates a square diffraction field distribution, and the application of the conventional Dammann grating is limited in some special occasions. Since most optical systems are axisymmetric, the circular array vortex Dammann grating has important applications. The phase structure of the circular array vortex Dammann grating is as follows:
where φ is the phase function, N is the total number of diffraction orders, an even positive integer, T is the period of the grating, T is the phase functionx、Ty、TrRepresents a period designed in the horizontal, vertical and radial directions of the grating, wherein
N is the order of diffraction from-N/2 to N/2, θ is the azimuth angle in polar coordinates, l is the topological charge of the OAM light, is a non-zero integer, | En|21/N is the energy of the nth order, corresponding to the normalization of the total energy, EnThe light beams incident on the circular array vortex Dammann grating with the plane wave front are diffracted into N orders according to the formula, and the light beams with topological charges N multiplied by l have equal energy, so that a plurality of concentric circular orbital angular momentum light beam arrays are obtained.
A circular array vortex Dammann grating is designed according to the formula and is divided into two areas, orbital angular momentum states of two circular rings in one row and four rows and 1 position and orbital angular momentum states of four circular rings in one row and two columns and 1 position can be generated respectively, and specific simulation results are shown in figures 2 and 3. When an incident beam is deflected by a light beam and then irradiates on a circular array vortex Dammann grating region 1, a coaxial orbital angular momentum array 1 is generated, wherein l is 3, l is 1, l is-1, and l is-3; when an incident light beam is deflected and then irradiates on a circular array vortex Dammann grating region 2, a coaxial orbital angular momentum array 2 is generated, wherein the coaxial orbital angular momentum array is 4 coaxial orbital angular momentums of l-1 and l-1 respectively. Therefore, the rapid generation of a plurality of coaxial orbital angular momentum states is completed.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115113409A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-09-27 | 成都莱普科技股份有限公司 | Linear flat-top light spot generation system, method and equipment based on Dammann grating |
| CN115561915A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-01-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Fabrication method and display system of metasurface capable of generating annular vortex beam array |
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| CN102681063A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Spiral Dammam zone plate and device for producing three-dimensional dipole vortex Dammam arrays |
| CN104144025A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-11-12 | 深圳大学 | A method and system for multiplexing and demultiplexing using optical vortex Damman gratings |
| US20180063519A1 (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-01 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Multi-view displays using images encoded with orbital angular momentum (oam) on a pixel or image basis |
| CN108572487A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-09-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | A Circular Damman Grating Based on Optically Controlled Orientation of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102681063A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Spiral Dammam zone plate and device for producing three-dimensional dipole vortex Dammam arrays |
| CN104144025A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-11-12 | 深圳大学 | A method and system for multiplexing and demultiplexing using optical vortex Damman gratings |
| US20180063519A1 (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-01 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Multi-view displays using images encoded with orbital angular momentum (oam) on a pixel or image basis |
| CN108572487A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-09-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | A Circular Damman Grating Based on Optically Controlled Orientation of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115113409A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-09-27 | 成都莱普科技股份有限公司 | Linear flat-top light spot generation system, method and equipment based on Dammann grating |
| CN115561915A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-01-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Fabrication method and display system of metasurface capable of generating annular vortex beam array |
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