CN113250676A - Experimental device and method for capillary tube simulated displacement - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for capillary tube simulated displacement Download PDFInfo
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- CN113250676A CN113250676A CN202110713858.2A CN202110713858A CN113250676A CN 113250676 A CN113250676 A CN 113250676A CN 202110713858 A CN202110713858 A CN 202110713858A CN 113250676 A CN113250676 A CN 113250676A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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Abstract
本发明公开一种毛细管模拟驱替的实验装置及方法，实验装置包括模型系统、注入系统、围压系统、产出采集系统，所述注入系统、模型系统和产出采集系统通过连接管线依次相互连接，模型系统前端设置有注入接口；所述注入系统包括三路管线，其中两路气体管线均由泵、截止阀、气体容器、截止阀和中间容器依次相互连接构成，另一路液体管线由水容器、泵、截止阀、液体容器、截止阀和流量器依次连接构成；所述模型系统是由不同孔径的毛细管组成，注入系统能够实现对模型系统注入水和气体介质，围压系统设置于模型系统的外围用于模拟油藏的地层压力；产出采集系统用于收集模型系统输出物。
The invention discloses an experimental device and method for simulating displacement of capillary tubes. The experimental device includes a model system, an injection system, a confining pressure system, and an output acquisition system. The injection system, the model system and the output acquisition system are connected to each other in sequence through connecting pipelines. The front end of the model system is provided with an injection interface; the injection system includes three pipelines, wherein two gas pipelines are formed by connecting a pump, a stop valve, a gas container, a stop valve and an intermediate container in turn, and the other liquid pipeline is composed of water The container, pump, cut-off valve, liquid container, cut-off valve and flowmeter are connected in sequence; the model system is composed of capillaries with different apertures, the injection system can inject water and gas medium into the model system, and the confining pressure system is set in the model system. The periphery of the system is used to simulate reservoir formation pressure; the production acquisition system is used to collect model system outputs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of displacement simulation devices in oil and gas field development and exploitation engineering, in particular to an experimental device and method for capillary simulated displacement.
Background
China has wide distribution of petroleum resources, and for the exploitation of petroleum resources, displacement technologies, including water injection, gas injection, heat injection and other processes, are widely adopted. In the displacement process, technological parameters such as injection amount, displacement pressure, percentage of recovery ratio increase and the like under different pore conditions under the reservoir pressure need to be researched and optimized, and the seepage rule of fluid in the stratum needs to be researched.
According to the previous patent literature research, the current research on seepage mostly starts from a macroscopic angle, such as the research on ultra-long rock cores, the change of parameters in models and the like, and the real seepage condition in an oil reservoir cannot be well reflected; the capillary tube is used as a microscopic visualization model for researching the fluid migration rule, the oil displacement mechanism and calculating the contact angle between different phases, and the capillary tube is neglected to research the pressure difference and the oil-water front effect in the tube. When the adhesion between the liquid and the solid (tube wall) is greater than the cohesion of the liquid itself, a capillary phenomenon (rise) occurs; on the contrary, when the adhesive force between the liquid and the solid (pipe wall) is smaller than the cohesive force of the liquid, a capillary phenomenon (reduction) can be generated, and the capillary with different apertures is utilized to achieve the purpose of researching the internal seepage rule through the change of the fluid in the capillary and the change of the external fluid driving force under the oil reservoir pressure.
The current capillary tube bundle is only used for basic research of capillary force and the like, the capillary tubes with different lengths and different diameters are combined, and the pressure difference, the oil-water front edge and the like of each capillary tube are different under the same pressure difference, so that the seepage characteristics are researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an experimental device and method for capillary simulated displacement, which are used for researching the optimization work of technological parameters such as injection quantity, displacement pressure, percentage of recovery ratio improvement and the like under different pore conditions under the same oil reservoir pressure, and can be used for researching the seepage rule of the capillary simulated displacement.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for capillary simulated displacement comprises a model system, an injection system, a mixer, a confining pressure system and an output acquisition system, wherein the injection system, the mixer, the model system and the output acquisition system are sequentially connected with one another through connecting pipelines, and an injection interface is arranged at the front end of the model system; the injection system comprises three pipelines, wherein two pipelines are formed by sequentially connecting a pump, a stop valve, a gas container, a stop valve and an intermediate container, and the other pipeline is formed by sequentially connecting a water container, a pump, a stop valve, a liquid container, a stop valve and a flow meter; the output ends of the three pipelines of the injection system are connected with the mixer; the model system consists of capillaries with different apertures, the injection system can realize the injection of water and gas media into the model system, and the confining pressure system is arranged at the periphery of the model system and used for simulating the formation pressure of an oil reservoir; the output collection system is used for collecting the output of the model system.
Furthermore, the model system is integrally and visually arranged so as to observe the change condition inside.
Further, the confining pressure system can be realized in a hydraulic mode.
Furthermore, the output collecting system is composed of collectors, one capillary corresponds to one collector, and the capillary is classified, collected and metered.
An experimental method for capillary simulated displacement comprises the following steps:
(1) applying confining pressure on the model system through a confining pressure system, closing an injection interface, vacuumizing through an interface at the end of an output acquisition system, and vacuumizing for 2.5 hours;
(2) closing an interface at the end of the output acquisition system, injecting the formation crude oil through an injection interface, recording the amount of the sucked crude oil, and saturating for 1 hour; observing the crude oil imbibition condition in capillaries with different apertures through a visual model system, and recording the imbibition change condition through pictures or videos;
(3) after the saturated crude oil is finished, closing the injection interface, standing for 1 hour, and keeping the whole model system constant;
(4) according to the oil reservoir research requirement, carrying out water injection and gas injection experiments, simulating the field injection condition, converting the injection speed and the injection pressure, and carrying out a displacement experiment according to the result; the displacement mode is co-drive 0.5-2PV, slug division is carried out according to the requirements of different process calculation methods, and the slug division can be carried out by dividing into 3-5 slugs generally; observing the seepage condition of different media in capillaries with different apertures through a visual model system, and recording the seepage change condition through pictures or videos; measuring parameters of the produced oil, gas and water through a production and collection system;
(5) calculating the change of oil, gas and water produced in the displacement process, and calculating the oil production speed and recovery data; and (3) combining seepage change of capillaries with different pore diameters, revealing a change rule in pores under the oil reservoir condition, and obtaining the change of residual oil and the change of recovery ratio in each capillary in each slug displacement process.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the model system is composed of capillaries with different apertures, the capillaries with different apertures correspond to different reservoir pore conditions, reservoir rock core particle size analysis data and porosity and permeability data can be integrated, distribution of the pipe diameters and the number of the capillaries is determined, the capillaries are installed in the model system, the whole model system realizes temperature resistance and pressure resistance, and connectors are arranged at two ends of the model system and are respectively connected with the injection system and the output acquisition system.
2. The whole model system can be made visible according to the needs, so that the change of the internal condition can be observed conveniently.
3. The confining pressure system is loaded on the model system, so that the model system can simulate the formation pressure of an oil reservoir, and the confining pressure system can be realized in a hydraulic mode or the like.
4. The model system can be added with a saturation measuring module according to needs, automatically collects oil-water distribution data in different pores and is used for analyzing the research of different development modes on the distribution rule of the residual oil.
5. The model system can measure the two-section differential pressure of different capillaries according to the requirement, and is used for analyzing the relation and the rule of the infiltration data under macroscopic and microscopic conditions.
6. Reservoir seepage with a secondary pore structure is simulated through different capillary pore diameters, and the method can be used for researching the seepage rule of double media.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of capillaries of different pore sizes in a model system.
Reference numerals: 1-water container, 2-pump, 3-gas container, 4-stop valve, 5-intermediate container, 6-liquid container, 7-flowmeter, 8-injection system, 9-injection interface, 10-confining pressure system, 11-model system, 12-output acquisition system, 13-capillary tube, 14-mixer
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental procedures used in the examples below are conventional and the materials used are commercially available.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the experimental device for capillary simulated displacement provided by the present invention is shown, and includes a model system 11, an injection system 8, a confining pressure system 10, and a production collection system 12, where the injection system 8, a mixer 14, the model system 11, and the production collection system 12 are connected to each other in sequence through connecting pipelines, a fluid produced by the injection system is injected into different capillaries of the model system through an intermediate container, and an outlet of the model system is connected to the production collection system 8. The front end of the model system 11 is provided with an injection interface 9; the injection system 9 comprises three pipelines, wherein two pipelines are formed by sequentially connecting a pump 2, a stop valve 4, a gas container 3, a stop valve 4 and an intermediate container 5, and the other pipeline is formed by sequentially connecting a water container 1, a pump 2, a stop valve 4, a liquid container 6, a stop valve 4 and a flow device 7; the injection system can realize the injection of water and a gas medium into the model system, and the confining pressure system is arranged at the periphery of the model system and is used for simulating the formation pressure of an oil reservoir; the output collection system is used for collecting the output of the model system.
The confining pressure of the model system of the embodiment is provided by a hydraulic maintaining device, and the hydraulic maintaining device can be provided by a constant-speed constant-pressure pump and other devices so as to simulate the formation pressure under different oil reservoir conditions.
Specifically, according to the model system of the present invention, capillaries 13 with different pore diameters are provided to simulate different pore-permeation structures under oil reservoir conditions, and capillaries with different pore diameters are selected to perform simulation experiments.
Preferably, the injection system comprises a liquid injection system, an air injection system, a mixed fluid injection system and the like. The output of the injection system is connected to a mixer 14 via a line.
As shown in fig. 2, according to the implementation object of the present invention, confining pressure is applied to the model system, the injection port is closed first, and the port of the output collection system is vacuumized for 2.5 hours; then closing an interface at the end of the output acquisition system, injecting the formation crude oil from the injection interface, recording the amount of the absorbed crude oil, and keeping for 1 hour through self-absorption saturation; the model system is a visual system, the condition of crude oil imbibition in capillaries with different apertures can be visually observed through the model, and the condition of imbibition change can be recorded through pictures or videos; the device can be used for saturating crude oil through an injection system, can also be used for saturating crude oil through other pumps and an intermediate container, and after the saturated crude oil is finished, the access port is closed, and the device is kept still for 1 hour until the whole device is constant.
Specifically, according to the needs of reservoir research, carrying out experiments such as water injection, gas injection, mixed fluid injection and the like, simulating the field injection condition, converting the injection speed and the injection pressure, and carrying out a displacement experiment according to the results; the displacement mode is co-displacement 0.5-2PV, slug division is carried out according to different calculation method requirements, generally, slugs can be divided into 3-5 slugs to carry out different fluid general injection into the model, and due to different seepage capacities of different apertures, different fluids have different seepage in capillaries of different apertures, so that the seepage situation of a real oil reservoir is closer. Particularly for the injection of mixed fluid, after the seepage of capillaries with different apertures, the seepage change condition can be determined after the accurate measurement; the model system is a visual system, the condition of crude oil seepage in capillaries with different apertures can be visually observed through the model system, and the seepage change condition can be recorded through pictures or videos; and measuring parameters such as oil, gas, water and the like which are produced by the production and collection system.
Calculating the data of oil extraction speed, oil extraction rate and the like by calculating the change of oil, gas and water produced in the displacement process; and (3) combining seepage change of capillaries with different pore diameters, revealing a change rule in pores under the oil reservoir condition, and changing residual oil in large, medium and small capillaries and the change of recovery ratio in each slug displacement process.
The experimental device provided by the invention can accurately reflect the influence of different pore conditions of the oil reservoir on the injection process, the experimental result is real and credible, and the experimental device has important guiding significance on the optimization design of injection-recovery parameters.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The foregoing description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The experimental device for capillary simulated displacement is characterized by comprising a model system, an injection system, a mixer, a confining pressure system and a yield acquisition system, wherein the injection system, the mixer, the model system and the yield acquisition system are sequentially connected with one another through connecting pipelines, and an injection interface is arranged at the front end of the model system; the injection system comprises three pipelines, wherein two pipelines are formed by sequentially connecting a pump, a stop valve, a gas container, a stop valve and an intermediate container, and the other pipeline is formed by sequentially connecting a water container, a pump, a stop valve, a liquid container, a stop valve and a flow meter; the output ends of the three pipelines of the injection system are connected with the mixer; the model system consists of capillaries with different apertures, the injection system can realize the injection of water and gas media into the model system, and the confining pressure system is arranged at the periphery of the model system and used for simulating the formation pressure of an oil reservoir; the output collection system is used for collecting the output of the model system.
2. The experimental device for simulating displacement of capillary tubes according to claim 1, wherein the model system is arranged in a visualized manner as a whole so as to observe the change conditions inside.
3. An experimental device for capillary tube simulated displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that the confining pressure system can be realized by hydraulic means.
4. The experimental device for capillary simulated displacement according to claim 1, wherein the output collection system comprises collectors, and one capillary corresponds to one collector to realize classified collection.
5. An experimental method for capillary simulated displacement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) applying confining pressure on the model system through a confining pressure system, closing an injection interface, vacuumizing through an interface at the end of an output acquisition system, and vacuumizing for 2.5 hours;
(2) closing an interface at the end of the output acquisition system, injecting the formation crude oil through an injection interface, recording the amount of the sucked crude oil, and saturating for 1 hour; observing the crude oil imbibition condition in capillaries with different apertures through a visual model system, and recording the imbibition change condition through pictures or videos;
(3) after the saturated crude oil is finished, closing the injection interface, standing for 1 hour, and keeping the whole model system constant;
(4) according to the oil reservoir research requirement, carrying out water injection and gas injection experiments, simulating the field injection condition, converting the injection speed and the injection pressure, and carrying out a displacement experiment according to the result; the displacement mode is co-displacement of 0.5-2PV, slug division is carried out according to the requirements of different process calculation methods, and the slug division is carried out by dividing into 3-5 slugs; observing the seepage condition of different media in capillaries with different apertures through a visual model system, and recording the seepage change condition through pictures or videos; measuring parameters of the produced oil, gas and water through a production and collection system;
(5) calculating the change of oil, gas and water produced in the displacement process, and calculating the oil production speed and recovery data; and (3) combining seepage change of capillaries with different pore diameters, revealing a change rule in pores under the oil reservoir condition, and obtaining the change of residual oil and the change of recovery ratio in each capillary in each slug displacement process.
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| US20020173915A1 (en) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-11-21 | Patrick Egermann | Method for modelling fluid displacements in a porous environment taking into account hysteresis effects |
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| CN111022019A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Experiment system and method for integrally simulating sand production and transformation of hydrate reservoir around well |
| CN111827973A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 燕山大学 | Device and method for simulation experiment of capillary differential gravity differentiation in water flooding process |
| CN112858113A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Microscopic visual experimental method for high-temperature high-pressure gas flooding of deep reservoir |
-
2021
- 2021-06-25 CN CN202110713858.2A patent/CN113250676A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020173915A1 (en) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-11-21 | Patrick Egermann | Method for modelling fluid displacements in a porous environment taking into account hysteresis effects |
| CN103485769A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Sand filling pipe combination device for simulating fractured reservoir |
| CN105804726A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Bubble point pressure testing device and method |
| CN207315368U (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Seepage experiment device for crack-matrix pore system |
| CN111022019A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Experiment system and method for integrally simulating sand production and transformation of hydrate reservoir around well |
| CN111827973A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 燕山大学 | Device and method for simulation experiment of capillary differential gravity differentiation in water flooding process |
| CN112858113A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Microscopic visual experimental method for high-temperature high-pressure gas flooding of deep reservoir |
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