CN113248882B - Wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared from waste PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared from waste PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113248882B CN113248882B CN202110573828.6A CN202110573828A CN113248882B CN 113248882 B CN113248882 B CN 113248882B CN 202110573828 A CN202110573828 A CN 202110573828A CN 113248882 B CN113248882 B CN 113248882B
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 title description 81
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 title description 81
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 title description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- MCPKSFINULVDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N drometrizole Chemical group CC1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 MCPKSFINULVDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- BVFSYZFXJYAPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(oxo)tin Chemical group CCCC[Sn]=O BVFSYZFXJYAPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical group O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007650 Aralia spinosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000949456 Zanthoxylum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic-wood material preparation, and particularly relates to an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking waste PET bottles as raw materials, and a preparation method of the plastic-wood material. According to the invention, the recovered waste PET plastic bottles are subjected to a series of treatments to obtain alcoholysis products of the waste PET bottle flakes, and then are respectively subjected to modification granulation and molding processing with wood flour, high-functionality hydroxyl polyether, high-impact ABS resin, diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbates, graphite, polyester hot melt adhesive and other auxiliaries to obtain the plastic-wood composite material. The plastic-wood composite material provided by the invention has good abrasion resistance and outstanding falling ball impact resistance, and other mechanical properties such as static bending strength and the like also meet the requirements of the plastic-wood composite material, so that a new method is found for the high-added-value comprehensive utilization of waste PET bottle chips.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic-wood material preparation, and particularly relates to an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking waste PET bottles as raw materials, and a preparation method of the plastic-wood material.
Background
At present, the quantity of waste PET bottle chips is large, and although there are some comprehensive utilization researches, the low-end fiber is mainly prepared from the aspect of wire drawing together with other components, and the added value is low, such as CN 102465354A. There are also some patent documents which reuse alcoholysis products of waste PET bottles for preparing coatings, such as the following: CN110628309A discloses a waterborne alkyd paint prepared from alcoholysis products of waste PET bottles and a preparation method thereof, and specifically, pepper seed oil and waste PET bottles are used as raw materials, and alcoholysis, esterification and neutralization are carried out to successfully prepare an environment-friendly alkyd resin. The pricklyash seed oil is used for replacing other vegetable oil, and a PET alcoholysis product is introduced, so that the hardness, thermal stability, water resistance and alkali resistance of the coating are effectively improved, and the cost of the alkyd raw material is reduced. The PET degradation product is used for modifying the alkyd resin, so that the excellent adhesive force and drying speed of the alkyd resin are maintained, the water resistance, heat resistance and hardness of the alkyd resin are improved, the product is good in stability, non-toxic and harmless, meets the environmental protection requirement, and has a wide development prospect.
Along with the improvement of modern life quality, the plastic wood materials have the advantages of good foot feel, good management, attractive appearance and the like, the plastic wood materials are paved on roads of modern parks in large areas, and the plastic wood composite materials mainly use polyethylene or polypropylene, so that the general plastic wood floor is generally high in price, and in addition, the problems of poor wear resistance and impact resistance, especially poor low-temperature impact resistance exist.
The application of recycled polyester in wood-plastic composite materials discloses the following scheme: the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) short fiber reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood powder composite material is adopted, the influence of the addition amount of PET fibers on the performance of the HDPE/wood powder composite material is researched, sodium hydroxide and gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane solutions with different concentrations are adopted to modify the surface of PET, and the optimal addition amount of PET fibers and the optimal method and process conditions for modifying PET fibers are preferably selected. In the document, PET is not a main raw material, only PET fibers are used for improving the mechanical property of the composite material, the dosage of the PET fibers is only about 3%, and the effect of recycling waste PET bottles by using PET as a main material cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the waste PET bottles need to be utilized, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, the defects of poor wear resistance and impact resistance, particularly poor low-temperature impact resistance, caused by the application of the waste PET bottles to plastic-wood materials can be overcome, and an improved method is invented.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention uses waste PET bottle chips to carry out alcoholysis modification, matches components such as high-impact ABS resin, high-functionality hydroxyl polyether, diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate, graphite, polyester hot melt adhesive and the like, and finally obtains the high value-added plastic-wood composite material with good abrasion resistance and outstanding falling ball impact resistance by means of a special plastic modification process and a plastic-wood composite material preparation process.
The application of the waste PET bottle in preparing the wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material is the protection scope of the invention.
The plastic-wood material of the invention is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the abrasion value is 8.7-9.6 mg/100 r; static bending strength is 36.1-37.8 Mpa; the indentation diameter is 5.3-5.9 mm at 35 ℃/96h, and the surface is not damaged.
Containing waste PET bottles; or a plastic wood material containing alcoholysis products generated by alcoholysis of waste PET bottles is also within the scope of the invention.
The plastic-wood material of the invention can also contain alcoholysis substances of waste PET bottles;
preferably, the preparation method of the alcoholysis product of the waste PET bottle flakes comprises the following steps:
s1: washing, drying and crushing the recovered waste PET plastic bottles;
s2: adding the crushed raw material in S1 into a reaction kettle, carrying out alcoholysis reaction with trihydric alcohol under the action of a catalyst, heating, then cooling, and keeping;
s3: when the reaction solution in the S2 has no bottle flake precipitate, heating, starting a vacuum system, keeping a vacuum state, performing reduced pressure removal and recovering small molecular alcohol, when no obvious distillate exists, stopping the reaction, and cooling to obtain a solid waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product;
preferably, the hydroxyl value of the alcoholysis product of the waste PET bottle flakes in S3 is 80-120 mgKOH/g;
preferably, S1: washing the recycled waste PET plastic bottles for 2 times by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 1-3% for alkali washing and then washing with clear water; then drying until the volatile matter is less than 2%, and crushing to the size of 1-3 mm;
s2: adding the crushed raw material in S1 into a reaction kettle, carrying out alcoholysis reaction with trihydric alcohol at 210-220 ℃ for 6-8 h under the action of a catalyst, and then cooling to 170-190 ℃ and keeping for 20-40 min;
s3: when no bottle flake precipitate exists in the reaction liquid in S2, heating to 230-240 ℃, starting a vacuum system, keeping a high vacuum state below-0.098 Mpa, performing reduced pressure removal and recovering small molecular alcohol, when no obvious distillate exists, stopping the reaction, and cooling to obtain a solid waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product;
preferably, the triol is selected from at least one of glycerol or trimethylolpropane;
the mass ratio of the trihydric alcohol to the waste PET bottle flakes is 3-4: 1;
the catalyst is monobutyl tin oxide, and the dosage of the catalyst is 0.2-0.4% of the mass of the PET bottle flakes.
Specifically, the plastic-wood material is prepared by extrusion granulation and molding of wood powder, alcoholysis products of waste PET bottle flakes, high-functionality polyether, high-impact ABS resin, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, graphite and polyester hot melt adhesive which are used as main raw materials.
Preferably, the wood-plastic material further comprises a compatilizer, a coupling agent, a lubricant, an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorbent;
preferably, the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted ABS;
preferably, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent G-570;
preferably, the lubricant is stearic acid;
preferably, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1076;
preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is an ultraviolet absorber UV-P.
The main raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 18-35 parts of wood powder; 35-50% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysate; 5-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 8-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 15-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 6-12 parts of graphite; 4-8% of polyester hot melt adhesive;
preferably, the weight parts of the main raw materials are as follows: 19-34 parts of wood powder; 36-49 alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 6-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 9-14 parts of high impact ABS resin; 16-24 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 7-11 parts of graphite; 5-8% of polyester hot melt adhesive;
preferably, the weight parts of the main raw materials are as follows: 20-33 parts of wood powder; 37-48% of alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 7-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-14 parts of high impact ABS resin; 17-23 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 7-10 parts of graphite; 5-7 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 18-35 parts of wood powder; 35-50% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysate; 5-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 8-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 15-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 6-12 parts of graphite; 4-8% of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 19-35 parts of wood powder; 36-50% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysate; 6-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 9-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 16-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 7-12 parts of graphite; 5-8% of polyester hot melt adhesive; 4-5 parts of a compatilizer; 2-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 20-35 parts of wood powder; 37-50% of alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 7-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 17-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-12 parts of graphite; 6-8 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 4-5 parts of a compatilizer; 2-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 21-35 parts of wood powder; 38-50% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysis product; 7-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 11-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 18-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-12 parts of graphite; 6-8 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 4-5 parts of a compatilizer; 2-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 22-35 parts of wood powder; 39-50% of alcoholysate of the waste PET bottle flakes; 7-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 11-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 19-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-12 parts of graphite; 6-8 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 4-5 parts of a compatilizer; 2-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 23-35 parts of wood powder; 40-50% of alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 7-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 12-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 20-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-12 parts of graphite; 6-8 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 4-5 parts of a compatilizer; 2-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 24-35 parts of wood powder; 41-50% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysis product; 7-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 12-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 21-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-12 parts of graphite; 6-8 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 4-5 parts of a compatilizer; 2-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 19-34 parts of wood powder; 36-49 alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 6-9 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 9-14 parts of high impact ABS resin; 16-24 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 7-11 parts of graphite; 5-8% of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 20-33 parts of wood powder; 37-48% of alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 7-8 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-13 parts of high impact ABS resin; 17-23 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-10% of graphite; 6-7 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 21-32 parts of wood powder; 38-47% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysis product; 7-8 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-13 parts of high impact ABS resin; 18-22 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-10% of graphite; 6-7 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 22-31 parts of wood powder; 39-46% of alcoholysates of waste PET bottle flakes; 7-8 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-12 parts of high impact ABS resin; 18-22 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-10% of graphite; 6-7 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 23-30 parts of wood powder; 40-45% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysate; 7-8 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-12 parts of high impact ABS resin; 19-21 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-10% of graphite; 6-7 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 24-29 parts of wood powder; 41-44% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysis product; 7-8 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 10-12 parts of high impact ABS resin; 20-21 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 8-10% of graphite; 6-7 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: wood flour 28; alcoholysis product 45 of waste PET bottle flakes; high functionality hydroxy polyether 8; a high impact ABS resin 12; diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate 20; graphite 9; 7, polyester hot melt adhesive; a compatibilizer 4; a coupling agent 2; a lubricant 2; an antioxidant 10761; ultraviolet absorbent UV-P0.8;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 30 parts of wood powder; alcoholysis 42 of waste PET bottle flakes; high functionality hydroxy polyether 7; high impact ABS resin 10; diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate 20; graphite 8; 6, polyester hot melt adhesive; a compatibilizer 4; a coupling agent 2; a lubricant 2; an antioxidant 10761.5; ultraviolet absorbent UV-P0.7;
preferably, the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: wood flour 32; 40 of alcoholysis products of waste PET bottle flakes; high functionality hydroxy polyether 6; high impact ABS resin 11; diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate 21; graphite 9; 6.5 parts of polyester hot melt adhesive; a compatibilizer 4; 2.5 of a coupling agent; a lubricant 2; an antioxidant 10761.5; ultraviolet absorbent UV-P0.7;
preferably, the size of the wood flour is 120-150 meshes;
preferably, the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether has the model GR-8385 and the hydroxyl value of 430-470 mgKOH/g;
preferably, a polyester hot melt adhesive, type WT-52, softening point 110 ℃;
preferably, the graphite powder is high-purity graphite powder for lubrication;
preferably, the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted ABS;
preferably, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent G-570;
preferably, the lubricant is stearic acid;
preferably, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1076;
preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is an ultraviolet absorber UV-P;
preferably, the diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate is prepared by mixing high-activity nano silica and diphenylmethane diisocyanate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.8-2.2, performing high-speed mixing adsorption at room temperature to obtain the product;
the size of the high-activity nano silicon dioxide is 300-400 nm.
Preferably, the method for preparing the abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material by using the waste PET bottle as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly spraying the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether on the surface of wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain modified wood powder I;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood powder I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent, discharging the mixture to cold mixing, cooling, discharging and preparing a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate at high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, and conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
Preferably, the method for preparing the abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material by using the waste PET bottle as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 2.5 to 3.5;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 180-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 200-300 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 190-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250-350 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 120-140 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 65-75 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 190-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250-350 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 50-100 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate at a high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 200-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 10-30 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
Preferably, the method for preparing the abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material by using the waste PET bottle as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 3;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the cylinder is 190 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 195 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 130 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 70 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 195 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 80 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate at a high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the barrel temperature was 205 ℃ and the screw speed was 20 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
The surface modification is carried out on the hydroxyl polyether with high hydroxyl value and high functionality and wood flour, the compatibility of wood plastic and the whole plastic system is enhanced, the alcoholysis product after the high-temperature alcoholysis of the trihydric alcohol is the solid hydroxyl polyester with multiple functionality, the alcoholysis product and the hydroxyl polyether modified wood flour with high functionality are subjected to melt extrusion granulation to obtain a uniformly dispersed modified material, at the moment, the wood flour is fully modified by the plastic, and the use of the hydroxyl polyether with high functionality is used for enhancing the problem that the functionality of the PET alcoholysis material is insufficient; the monobutyl tin oxide is selected as the alcoholysis catalyst because the catalyst can catalyze the alcoholysis of the waste PET bottle flakes and can catalyze the crosslinking of the polyhydroxy material and the diphenylmethane diisocyanate at the later stage. Meanwhile, high-impact ABS resin, polyester hot melt adhesive and lubricating type graphite material are subjected to high-temperature melting extrusion modification, and the polyester hot melt adhesive is used for improving the compatibility of the ABS resin and the graphite powder with waste PET alcoholysis substances and the overall bonding force of the plastic wood; the application of the lubricating graphite powder can enhance the abrasion resistance of the surface of the plastic wood; finally, hydroxyl in polyhydroxy materials such as hydroxyl polyether, alcoholysis products of waste PET bottle flakes and polyester hot melt adhesive is crosslinked with diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the forming process, and finally the plastic-wood composite material product with good abrasion resistance and excellent falling ball impact resistance is obtained.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the invention, manufacturers or purchasers of all raw materials are as follows:
the size of the wood powder is 120-150 meshes;
the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether is a hard polyether product of Shanghai Gaoqiao petrochemical company, has the model number GR-8385 and the hydroxyl value of 430-470 mgKOH/g;
polyester Hot melt adhesive, model WT-52, softening Point 110 ℃, Jiangyang Weitao plastics New Material Co Ltd
The graphite powder is high-purity graphite powder for lubrication, and is purchased from Beijing crystal Longte carbon graphite factories;
the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted ABS and is purchased from Shenzhen Jinda full-technology company Limited.
The coupling agent is silane coupling agent G-570;
the lubricant is stearic acid;
the catalyst is monobutyl tin oxide;
example 1
The preparation method of the wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking the waste PET bottle as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 3;
(2) the preparation method of the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product comprises the following steps:
s1: washing the recycled waste PET plastic bottles for 2 times by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 2% for alkali washing and then washing with clear water; then drying until the volatile matter is less than 2 percent, and crushing to 2 mm;
s2: adding the crushed raw material in S1 into a reaction kettle, carrying out alcoholysis reaction with trihydric alcohol at 215 ℃ for 7h under the action of a catalyst, and then cooling to 180 ℃ and keeping for 30 min;
s3: when no bottle flake precipitate exists in the reaction liquid in S2, heating to 235 ℃, starting a vacuum system, maintaining the vacuum state below-0.098 Mpa, performing reduced pressure removal and recovering small molecular alcohol, when no obvious distillate exists, stopping the reaction, and cooling to obtain a solid waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product with a hydroxyl value of 100 mgKOH/g;
wherein the trihydric alcohol is glycerol;
the mass ratio of the trihydric alcohol to the waste PET bottle flakes is 3.5: 1;
the catalyst is monobutyl tin oxide, and the using amount of the catalyst is 0.3 percent of the mass of the PET bottle flake;
mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the cylinder is 190 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 195 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 130 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 70 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 195 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 80 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate (high-activity nano-silica and diphenylmethane diisocyanate are mixed and adsorbed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2) at a high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the barrel temperature was 205 ℃ and the screw speed was 20 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
Example 2
The preparation method of the wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking the waste PET bottle as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 2.5;
(2) the preparation method of the alcoholysate of the waste PET bottle flakes is the same as that of example 1 (in the preparation process of the alcoholysate, trimethylolpropane is adopted in the step of S2, and the mass ratio of the dosage of trimethylolpropane to the waste PET bottle flakes is 3.5: 1), which is the same as that of example 3 below;
mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 180 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 200 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the cylinder is 190 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 120 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 65 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the cylinder is 190 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 50 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate (high-activity nano-silica and diphenylmethane diisocyanate are mixed and adsorbed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.8) at a high speed at room temperature, fully mixing uniformly, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 10 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
Example 3
The preparation method of the wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking the waste PET bottle as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 3.5;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the cylinder is 200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 350 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 140 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 75 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 350 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 100 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate (high-activity nano-silica and diphenylmethane diisocyanate are mixed and adsorbed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.2) at a high speed at room temperature, fully mixing uniformly, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the barrel temperature was 210 ℃ and the screw speed was 30 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
The embodiment 1 is slightly different from the embodiments 2 and 3 in process parameters, and the dosage and the formula of the raw materials are completely the same;
the process parameters of the embodiments 4 to 8 are completely the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the amounts of the raw materials are slightly different, which is specifically shown in the following table 1:
table 1 amounts of raw materials used in examples
Comparative example 1
A commercially available ordinary plastic-wood composite floor was used as comparative example 1, and was obtained from Fengyi industries, Ltd.
Example 9
The performance test method comprises the following steps:
the static bending strength and the impact resistance of the invention are respectively detected according to the methods of 4.7 parts and 4.51 parts in the GB17657-2013 standard (the falling height of a steel ball is 1.75m), wherein the low-temperature impact resistance test is that a sample is placed in a low-temperature box with the temperature of-35 ℃ for 96 hours, and then the sample is taken out to be tested according to the method of 4.51, wherein: the smaller the indentation diameter and the non-damaged surface indicate that the plate surface has better impact resistance; the boiling water resistance is tested according to a method of 4.50 (boiling water resistance performance measurement) in the GB17657-2013 standard, the percentage of mass increase after boiling water resistance is obtained, and the smaller the percentage is, the better the boiling water resistance is shown; the abrasion resistance of the product is tested according to the abrasion resistance test of 4.44 part of the surface in the standard GB17657-2013, method 3.
TABLE 2 Properties of the wood-plastic materials in the examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the data or description in the table, the product of the invention adopts specific raw materials and preparation process, the obtained plastic-wood composite material has good abrasion resistance and impact resistance, especially outstanding low-temperature impact resistance, and the ball drop impact resistance is not obviously deteriorated after the test at minus 35 ℃/96h, so that the plastic-wood composite material can be used in the west arctic cold area, and a method for preparing high-performance plastic-wood composite material by using waste PET bottle flakes is also provided.
In examples 1 to 8, the abrasion value of the product was 8.7 to 9.6mg/100 r; static bending strength is 36.1-37.8 Mpa; the indentation diameter is 5.3-5.9 mm at 35 ℃/96h, and the surface is not damaged.
In the comparative example 1, a common plastic-wood composite floor which is sold in the market is adopted, and the abrasion value is 31.6mg/100 r; static bending strength is 34.8 Mpa; the indentation diameter is 21.9mm at 35 ℃/96h, obvious cracks appear on the surface, and the common plastic-wood composite floor sold in the market has poor wear resistance; the static bending strength is low, and the low-temperature impact resistance is poor.
Claims (8)
1. The wear-resistant and impact-resistant plastic wood material prepared by taking waste PET bottles as raw materials is characterized by being prepared by taking wood flour, alcoholysis products of waste PET bottles, high-functionality polyether, high-impact-resistant ABS resin, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, graphite and polyester hot melt adhesive as main raw materials and carrying out extrusion granulation and molding, wherein the main raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 18-35 parts of wood powder; 35-50% of waste PET bottle flakes alcoholysate; 5-10 parts of high-functionality hydroxyl polyether; 8-15 parts of high impact ABS resin; 15-25 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate; 6-12 parts of graphite; 4-8% of polyester hot melt adhesive;
the preparation method of the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product comprises the following steps:
s1: washing, drying and crushing the recovered waste PET plastic bottles;
s2: adding the crushed raw material in S1 into a reaction kettle, carrying out alcoholysis reaction with trihydric alcohol under the action of a catalyst, heating, then cooling, and keeping;
s3: when the reaction solution in the S2 has no bottle flake precipitate, heating, starting a vacuum system, keeping a vacuum state, performing reduced pressure removal and recovering small molecular alcohol, when no obvious distillate exists, stopping the reaction, and cooling to obtain a solid waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product; the hydroxyl value of the alcoholysis product of the waste PET bottle flakes is 80-120 mgKOH/g;
the diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate is prepared by mixing high-activity nano silicon dioxide and diphenylmethane diisocyanate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.8-2.2 at room temperature.
2. The abrasion-resistant impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking the waste PET bottles as raw materials according to claim 1, wherein the abrasion value of the plastic-wood material is 8.7-9.6 mg/100 r; static bending strength is 36.1-37.8 Mpa; the indentation diameter is 5.3-5.9 mm at 35 ℃/96h, and the surface is not damaged.
3. The abrasion-resistant impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared from the waste PET bottles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ratio of S1: washing the recycled waste PET plastic bottles for 2 times by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 1-3% for alkali washing and then washing with clear water; then drying until the volatile matter is less than 2%, and crushing to the size of 1-3 mm;
s2: adding the crushed raw material in S1 into a reaction kettle, carrying out alcoholysis reaction with trihydric alcohol at 210-220 ℃ for 6-8 h under the action of a catalyst, and then cooling to 170-190 ℃ and keeping for 20-40 min;
s3: when no bottle flake precipitate exists in the reaction liquid in S2, heating to 230-240 ℃, starting a vacuum system, keeping a high vacuum state below-0.098 Mpa, performing reduced pressure removal and recovering small molecular alcohol, when no obvious distillate exists, stopping the reaction, and cooling to obtain a solid waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product;
the trihydric alcohol is at least one selected from glycerol or trimethylolpropane;
the mass ratio of the trihydric alcohol to the waste PET bottle flakes is 3-4: 1;
the catalyst is monobutyl tin oxide, and the dosage of the catalyst is 0.2-0.4% of the mass of the PET bottle flakes.
4. The abrasion-resistant impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared from the waste PET bottles as the raw material according to claim 3, wherein the plastic-wood material further comprises a compatilizer, a coupling agent, a lubricant, an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorber; the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted ABS;
the coupling agent is silane coupling agent G-570;
the lubricant is stearic acid;
the antioxidant is antioxidant 1076;
the ultraviolet absorbent is ultraviolet absorbent UV-P.
5. The abrasion-resistant impact-resistant plastic-wood material prepared by taking the waste PET bottle as the raw material according to claim 4, wherein the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorber are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of a compatilizer; 1-3 parts of a coupling agent; 0.5-3 parts of a lubricant; 10760.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; 0.5-1 of ultraviolet absorbent UV-P;
the size of the wood powder is 120-150 meshes;
high functionality hydroxyl polyether, model GR-8385, hydroxyl value 430-470 mgKOH/g;
polyester hot melt adhesive, model WT-52, softening point 110 ℃;
the graphite powder is high-purity graphite powder for lubrication;
the size of the high-activity nano silicon dioxide is 300-400 nm.
6. The method for preparing an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material using waste PET bottles as raw materials according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly spraying the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether on the surface of wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain modified wood powder I;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood powder I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent, discharging the mixture to cold mixing, cooling, discharging and preparing a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate at high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, and conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
7. The method for preparing an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material using waste PET bottles as raw materials according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 2.5 to 3.5;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 180-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 200-300 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 190-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250-350 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 120-140 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 65-75 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 190-200 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250-350 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 50-100 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate at a high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 200-210 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 10-30 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
8. The method for preparing an abrasion-resistant and impact-resistant plastic-wood material using waste PET bottles as raw materials according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving high-functionality hydroxyl polyether into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution; then uniformly spraying the mixture on the surface of the wood powder with the formula amount, uniformly stirring and mixing, and performing vacuum drying until the volatile matter is less than 2% to obtain modified wood powder I; wherein the mass ratio of the high-functionality hydroxyl polyether to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 3;
(2) mixing the waste PET bottle flake alcoholysis product and the modified wood flour I at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules I, wherein the extrusion granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the cylinder is 190 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 250 rpm;
(3) uniformly stirring the high-impact ABS resin, the polyester hot melt adhesive and the graphite powder at room temperature, and then extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder to obtain modified granules II, wherein the extrusion and granulation process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 195 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(4) fully and uniformly mixing the modified granules I, the modified granules II, the compatilizer, the coupling agent, the lubricant, the antioxidant and the ultraviolet absorbent at 130 ℃, discharging the mixture into cold mixing, cooling the mixture to 70 ℃, and discharging the mixture to prepare a premix;
(5) adding the premix in the step (4) into a parallel double-screw extruder to perform extrusion granulation to obtain special granules; the process conditions of extrusion granulation are as follows: the temperature of the machine barrel is 195 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 300 rpm;
(6) crushing the special granules obtained in the step (5) to 80 meshes by using a high-speed crusher to obtain special powder;
(7) and (3) mixing the special powder obtained in the step (6) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate adsorbate at a high speed at room temperature, fully and uniformly mixing, conveying to a conical double-screw wood-plastic profile extruder for extrusion molding, wherein the extrusion molding process conditions are as follows: the barrel temperature was 205 ℃ and the screw speed was 20 rpm;
(8) the extruded section is cooled, shaped and cut to length to obtain the finished product of the plastic-wood composite material with excellent wear resistance and impact toughness.
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